CN109694268A - It is a kind of using husky, cinder as the nutrient combo of substrate culture tomato and its application - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention provides a kind of using husky, cinder as the nutrient combo of substrate culture tomato, it is combined including special nutrient fluid, functional fertilizer and new pesticide, the formula of the special nutrient fluid, by weight, including 176 mg/L of full nitrogen, 45 mg/L of phosphorus, potassium 180-350 mg/L, calcium 90-160 mg/L, 60 mg/L of magnesium, 0.85 mg/L of iron, 0.55 mg/L of manganese, 0.33 mg/L of zinc, 0.05 mg/L of 0.3 mg/L of boron, 0.05 mg/L of copper and molybdenum；The functional fertilizer, by weight, including amino acid 1 00g/L, alginic acid 2g/L, chitosan 5g/L；A kind of tomato planted using husky, cinder as the nutrient combo of substrate culture tomato of the invention, soy sauce fruit rate are 1%, and the sugar content of tomato is 4.7%, and year increases production 5000 jin or more per acre.

Description

It is a kind of using husky, cinder as the nutrient combo of substrate culture tomato and its application

Technical field

The invention belongs to agricultural technical field of cultivation, are related to a kind of nutrient combo, and in particular to a kind of using husky, cinder as base The nutrient combo of matter rearing tomatoes and its application.

Background technique

It is mixed in proportion using river sand and cinder as substrate culture tomato, has the developing history of many years in China, But in agriculturally large area with the time of only more than ten years.The method of such soilless cultivation tomato is gone and buy Chinese medicine less, product quality It is high, in good taste, the deep favor by the majority of consumers, high 0.5 yuan more per jin than the tomato produced in soil of selling price or so.By Small investment, easy to operate is built in such soilless cultivation facility, water-saving saves fertilizer, and quality is good, relative income is high, is very suitable to me The economic situation of state Rural Areas at Present, so, development was very fast in recent years.But using husky, cinder as the soilless cultivation of matrix, these The yield of tomato fluctuates always over year, remains at annual 37000 pounds/acre or so, it is difficult to improve.It is reported that new This yield is also not achieved in the ground such as boundary, northeast.There are many factor for influencing yield, but plant nutrient is main aspect.

There are many soilless cultivation special nutritional formula of liquid, but matrix is different, and using effect is also not quite similar.In these years make With many special nutritional formula of liquid, but all it is easy to appear unexpected problems in production process, such as: tomato growth Intermediary and later stages listless head, yellow leaf, in advance aging, phenomena such as soy sauce fruit, fruit glossiness are bad, fruit fades, yield cannot improve company Year occurs, and annoyings the producer always.

In recent years, soy sauce fruit drastically influences the production of tomato, some greenhouse soy sauce fruits being in a bad way reach 30%, income only has the one third of normal greenhouse.

The above problem has become the bottleneck of tomato production, restricts the development of tomato production, how to make west It is current urgent problem that red persimmon yield and quality, which constantly increase,.

According to the plantation empirical analysis of many years, the nutrition of soilless cultivation should according to the rhizospheric environment of crop and growth demand into Row is prepared, and the generation of problem above is mainly used for a long time unmatched special nutrient fluid, the plant growth intermediary and later stages, in matrix Old liquid accumulation increase, wherein the ratio of each nutrient is more and more uneven, EC value is higher and higher, root burn；Between element Mutual assistance and Antagonistic reaction aggravate, the physiological disorders such as cause crop nutritional deficiency or certain element excessive cause the listless head of crop, Huang Leaf, blade are hard, crisp, and resistance is poor, and disease increases, plant early ageing, product yield, quality decline.

The type of soilless cultivation has water planting, aerosol training, matrix to train, and the material in matrix training as matrix is again very much, different Matrix cultural method it is also different.There are many nutrient solution prescription of soilless cultivation, can be used by experiment, still Root, listless head, presenility, low output, the problems such as disease is more, soy sauce is excessive can all occur hurting in long-time service.By using new formula Managed the generation (appearance of the above problem and usually manage also have relationship) that can reduce or solve the above problems.These kinds The soilless cultivation of class has in China, but is cultivated in field in laboratory, the sightseeing Room, picking mostly, will really be planted without soil In training technology large-area applications to agricultural production, in China, development is later, makees planting without soil for matrix especially with husky, cinder Training, Shouguang development is more at home, and the nearly more than ten years just grow up, so what is encountered in process of production is some Technical matters can not find ready-made document and go to solve some formulas and management method that is found on books, all be to test Test sums up in room, sightseeing Room particular surroundings, and using in field management always has certain difference and deficiency.

There are following major defects for existing nutrient combo:

(1) existing nutrient combo, tomato plant shift to an earlier date aging, and yield cannot constantly improve problem；

(2) existing nutrient combo, winter tomato soy sauce fruit disease evil are difficult to the problem of preventing and treating.

Summary of the invention

Against the above deficiency, technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide one kind using husky, cinder as matrix by the present invention Following goal of the invention may be implemented in the nutrient combo of rearing tomatoes, the present invention:

By using the nutrition of this set meal, (1) tomato plant strain growth overall process is vigorous, and blade is glossy dark green, and fruit glossiness is good, quality Height, year increases production 5000 jin or more per acre；

(2) overwintering tomatoes use this set meal, are subject to the management of greenhouse air port, can substantially root out soy sauce fruit disease evil.

Set meal nutrition is actually (1+2+3) set meal, and " 1 " refers to a kind of special nutrient fluid, and " 2 " refer to functional fertilizer, and " 3 " are Refer to the new pesticide combination of prevention and treatment bacterium, three kinds of fungi, virus diseases；Using its unique function, reasonable combination is carried out, is realized Multifunctional and nutritional.

First is that preparing using husky, cinder as the matched special nutrient fluid of substrate culture tomato, second is that rationally being mentioned using plant The new functions fertilizer such as object, marine extracts is taken, the secretion of crop hormone is balanced, promotes healthy growth of crops, third is that selection pair People and animals' harm is low, environmental pollution is small, the combination of the new pesticides of medicine fertilizer economic benefits and social benefits, using its broad spectrum activity, wholesomeness, functionality, with Matching special nutrient fluid and new function fertilizer are combined, and reach disease prevention, health care is strengthened, growth promotion, improves yield, raising product The purpose of matter.

One, special nutrient fluid

The ingredient of soilless cultivation special nutrient fluid is essentially the same, mainly have nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, iron, copper, boron, manganese, zinc, molybdenum this A kind of ten elements, (other indispensable elements, such as hydrogen, oxygen, sulphur etc. can be absorbed from nature and compound), although ingredient It is identical, but in special nutrient fluid every kind of ingredient content it is different, the effect of special nutrient fluid is just different.

Being directed to husky, cinder by test is substrate culture tomato, and following formulation efficacy is best.

A great number of elements (the above test data) formula: (mg/litre) full nitrogen 176, phosphorus 45, potassium 180-350, calcium 90-160, Magnesium 60.

Trace element formula: iron 0.85, manganese 0.55, zinc 0.33, boron 0.3, copper 0.05, molybdenum 0.05.

Preparation makees matrix, the matching special nutrient fluid of rearing tomatoes with husky, cinder.To nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, the big member of magnesium five Element is tested respectively, is observed, being compared, and is analyzed and is met the matrix than convenient concentration.

(1) test of nitrogen:

1, nitrogen presses 120 mg/litres, pours 2.5 tons of liquid per acre within every two days, tomato trunk is tapered, and blade becomes smaller；Under Portion's fruit increases, and fruit drop occurs in blade gradually yellow, top, nitrogen occurs and lacks phenomenon.Nitrogen increase to 210 milligrams/ It rises, pours 2.5 tons of liquid per acre within every two days, tomato trunk does not attenuate, and growth is vigorous, and blade is black green, gradually thickens, becomes larger, bears fruit Rate reduces, and malformed fruit increases, and trunk structure is sparse, easy to break, marrow disease incident height.Full nitrogen concentration is determined by answer 170 mg/litres.

On the basis of original special nutrient fluid, increases by 0.6 kilogram of urea in every 2.5 tons of special nutrient fluids, (pour liquid method It ibid) observes within second day, blade upwarps, and terminal bud directly erects, and growth is accelerated, and third day trunk growing point is obviously thicker, becomes within the 7th day Thick 4.7 centimeters of some growth.Conclusion: urea can be absorbed by crops and work at once in husky, cinder matrix, not need to grow The conversion of time.

Winter puts (50 grams an or so) urea in the matrix of tomato root, can place several plants, night enters In greenhouse, ammonia taste, the next morning observation are smelt, all plant leafs for being placed with urea turn yellow from bottom to top, when warm in canopy After degree increases, the slightly dry side of leaf.Conclusion: urea converts quickly in matrix, and releases ammonia, and tomato blade is smoked It is yellow.

Urea, which is dissolved in special nutrient fluid, applies matrix, without ammonia taste and the sub- phenomenon of smoked yellow leaf, this is because ammonia exists Solubility in water is very high, and the ammonia released in urea conversion process is all dissolved in special nutrient fluid.Reasoning: winter is big Canopy night closing is very tight, and ammoniacal liquor is attached on blade and fruit with steam rising, and the smooth cold burn easy to form of fruit surface is cold The number of burn is more, and burn surface area is bigger, if stupid mushroom infects, disease is more serious, soy sauce fruit shape at.It is pushed away according to this Amidonitrogen in special nutrient fluid is all changed to nitrate nitrogen by reason, winter, is subject to air port management, is substantially rooted out soy sauce fruit disease Evil.

(2) test of potassium:

By potassium by 1. 100 mg/litres, 2. 150 mg/litres, 3. 250 mg/litres, 4. 350 mg/litres, 5. 400 mg/litre Five concentration are configured to five kinds of special nutrient fluids point, five tomato booths and are tested.

1, using after three weeks, the entire greenhouse jaundice of the tomato blade that No.1 special nutrient fluid is poured is pico- to crimp, Compared with other greenhouses, plant is short and small, and blade is sparse, grows not vigorous.It is observed after 4th week, above-mentioned phenomenon is aggravated, So stopping the test of No.1 special nutrient fluid, it is changed to common special nutrient fluid and pours, gradually improve after five days.

2, after 60 days, tomato has been beared fruit Sansui, and the tomato that No. two special nutrient fluids pour starts difference occur, top Trunk attenuates, and bud differentiation is uneven, and No. two special nutrient fluids are changed to No. three dedicated battalion in time not as good as other three canopies by eye perception Nutrient solution is poured.

3, after 110 days, the picking of two fringe fruit of lower part is finished, and the tomato top blade of No. four and No. five canopies starts to turn to be yellow, on The different degrees of appearance navel corruption fruit of portion's fruit, No. five canopies are serious compared with No. four canopies.Detect matrix pH value, No. four, No. five canopy matrix Surface pH 11.8, in matrix, lower part pH value 5.8；No. three canopy matrix top pH values 10.5, in, lower part pH value 6.5.This be because For the deposition of sulfate ion, so that matrix pH value reduces, antagonism occurs for the raising of potassium and calcium element, and tomato calcium element is caused to lack Caused by weary.Determine that potassium concentration is that -350 mg/litre of 180 mg/litre waits trying by analyzing.

(3) calcium, phosphorus, magnesium are also tested respectively according to above-mentioned method:

It is observed that, multi-analysis be determined the reference concentration of three kinds of elements: -160 mg/litre of 90 mg/litre of calcium, 45 milli of phosphorus Grams per liter, 60 mg/litre of magnesium.

By test, special nutritional formula of liquid to be tried is determined.A great number of elements (the above test data) formula: (mg/litre) Full nitrogen 176, phosphorus 45, potassium 180-350, calcium 90-160, magnesium 60.The dosage of microelement is the same as other formulas.

The dosage principle of major element in formula: low-phosphorous, high potassium, flat nitrogen, sub- calcium, middle magnesium.Special nutrient fluid when temperature is high Using amidonitrogen, nitrate nitrogen is used instead after cotton-wadded quilt on greenhouse.

Low-phosphorous: any fertilizer has his use scope, is experimentally confirmed, and using the lower limit of P elements, is better than Limit；High potassium: first is that potassium element dosage highest in formula, second is that the growth with tomato also increases the demand of potassium；It is flat Nitrogen: the dosage kept in balance of nitrogen, later period slightly reduce in formula；Sub- calcium: with the growth of tomato, to the need of calcium element The amount of asking is increasing, leaps to five big elements second；Middle magnesium: tomato grows overall process magnesium elements and presses middle-grade dosage, using keeping out Plant growth is not vigorous enough, is increased using high-grade stromal surface salification.

Two, functional fertilizer

Functional fertilizer of the invention is not artificial synthesized plant growth regulator, and refer to bio-extract, marine extracts and Liquid bacterial fertilizer, specific ingredient have the fertilizer such as chitosan, amino acid, seaweeds, it has natural adjusting crop mechanism, maintain crop Hormonal balance, it is degeneration-resistant, disease-resistant, and other effects, the secretion of crop hormone is balanced, healthy growth of crops is promoted.

Functional fertilizer ingredient of the invention refers to amino acid, alginic acid, chitosan, these fertilizer are used alternatingly, and controls and adjusts Plant growth is saved, it is complementary with special nutrient fluid, improve the utilization rate of fertilizer.

Using functional fertilizer of the invention, the fibrous root and capillary root growth of tomato are accelerated, and well developed root system not only reduces water The infiltration of fertilizer is lost, and accelerates the absorption of nutrient, is improved the utilization rate of special nutrient fluid, be can reduce input cost, mentions High yield quality increases yield.

The functional fertilizer of producer's production generally on the market generally requires each usage amount 5Kg-10Kg per acre, uses interval No less than 7 days.

By using with a large amount of investigation discoveries, first is that in husky, cinder matrix in by specification normal use amount use or When person's usage amount is reduced to 2/3rds of normal use amount, second is that the period that will apply fertilizer is changed to every 10 days or so the primary rule of fertilising It is preferable to restrain fertilization effect.

Function fertilizer formula are as follows: mother liquor: amino acid 1 00g/L, alginic acid 2g/L, chitosan 5g/L.

Tomato root is instilled with special nutrient fluid with 4 liters of mother liquor 600 times of dilution per acre.

Note: the functional fertilizer of plant produced is compound mostly and also containing nutritional ingredients such as N P and Ks, female preparing When liquid, various composition should individually be calculated, then adjust the ingredient of special nutrient fluid, in order to avoid certain ingredient is excessive, nutrition be caused to lose Weighing apparatus.

While applying functional fertilizer, it can also be combined with carry out foliage fertilization according to the actual situation, i.e. application foliar fertilizer.Leaf Leaven is not formulated specifically, only when crop root is bad, lower part fruit it is more, when top supports insufficient, random when nutritional deficiency It uses.

The ingredient of foliar fertilizer is macroelement fertilizer and plant growth regulator in special nutrient fluid, under three circumstances Foliage dressing (foliage fertilization) can be carried out, first is that root system is undeveloped or when being damaged, second is that crop top nutrition supply is insufficient When, third is that when crop nutritional deficiency；The rearing tomatoes in husky cinder matrix are mainly grown with functional fertilizer regulation and control, few as far as possible Use hormone fertilizer, it is necessary to should illustratively dosage reduction use when using.

Three, new pesticide combines

Classification analysis is carried out to pesticide, new pesticide combination of the invention there are four characteristics: first is that Compositional type, improves drug effect, preventing Control drug resistance；Second is that wholesomeness, has special killing effect for a certain disease；Third is that functional form, can not only sterilize, also have Have take root, strong sprout, adjusting, certain function such as volume increase；Fourth is that broad spectrum activity, for dividing or breeding bacterium, the fungi in each stage All there is the property killed.

According to the pests occurrence rule of These characteristics combination different times disease, selection is low to toxicity to man and livestock, and environmental pollution is small Pesticide rational formula, pest and disease damage is prevented for a long time.Experiment works well for 1 year, all greenhouses using set meal, there is no Biggish disease, other greenhouses have major disease every year, if meeting once even thousands of it is necessary to put into several hundred members compared with major disease The expenses for medicine of member, and drastically influence the yield and quality of product.

(1) pests occurrence rule of disease is analyzed

Soilless cultivation is without other insect pests in addition to trialeurodes vaporariorum, and disease is also less, so the generally less soilless cultivation of medication is western red Persimmon mainly has the phytosis such as the fungal diseases such as leaf mold, gray mold, epidemic disease, leaf spot and root rot, marrow blight, canker Harmful and virosis tomato grows first, the multiple virosis of mid-term, the multiple grey mold of mid-term, leaf mold, late blight etc., later period multiple marrow Withered, blight canker etc., leaf spot, root rot are through growth overall process.

(2) the characteristics of analyzing pesticide

S-Ethyl ethylthio sulfonate is Effictive nuisancelless fungicide, has special efficacy to the grey mold of tomato, bacterial wilt, and have and adjust growth, increases Add yield, the effect of improving quality；Difenoconazole not only prevents and treats tomato early blight, is equally improved yield, guaranteed quality The effect of；On the one hand chitosan oligosaccharide prevents virus diseases, on the other hand C, N therein are decomposed by the microorganisms, and plays the promotion of promoting root growth strong sprout Growth and development enhances the effect of resistance；Lu Nasen has special efficacy to tomato leaf mildew, can prevent other fungus diseases, also Have the characteristics that reduce loss, extend fresh keeping time.

Diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate and toxic fluoride phosphate be all have to the prevention and treatment of virosis special efficacy to other fungies, bacterium have inhibition and Prevention effect, and be also crop efficient growth substance, have effects that promote well developed root system, restore blade function；Diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate With it is bactericide compounded, be greatly improved drug effect, reduce dosage 30% or so；Mould is only plant biological original fungicide, to tomato Grey mold, leaf mold have special efficacy, but also enhance the immunity of crop, improve disease resistance.

Seedling stage use chitosan, diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate, Bravo, growth period using toxic fluoride phosphate, it is mould only, Lu Nasen, bear fruit the phase use S-Ethyl ethylthio sulfonate, difenoconazole are formulated with various fungicide efficiently, less toxic, environmentally friendly, and effect significantly improves.

Traditional management method is fertilizer deficiency fertilising, disease laxative occurs, is a kind of by Resolving probiems after situation appearance Passively management method.And it is of the invention it is a kind of using husky, cinder as the nutrient combo of substrate culture tomato be according to tomato Growth characteristic, according to the different demands of different stages of growth and the pests occurrence rule of different times disease, carry out formula nutritional, Prevention is by Resolving probiems before situation appearance, is a kind of management method of active, both management methods are two kinds complete Different management philosophy.

In order to solve the above technical problems, using following technical scheme:

It is a kind of using husky, cinder as the nutrient combo of substrate culture tomato, which is characterized in that the nutrient combo includes dedicated battalion Nutrient solution, functional fertilizer and new pesticide combination.

As currently preferred technical solution, the formula of the special nutrient fluid, by weight, including full nitrogen 176 Mg/L, 45 mg/L of phosphorus, potassium 180-350 mg/L, calcium 90-160 mg/L, 60 mg/L of magnesium, 0.85 mg/L of iron, 0.55 mg/ of manganese L, 0.33 mg/L of zinc, 0.05 mg/L of 0.3 mg/L of boron, 0.05 mg/L of copper and molybdenum.

As currently preferred technical solution, the application method of the special nutrient fluid are as follows: use 5000 jin of water per acre 10 jin of nutrient solution fertilizer are converted, the fertilising of seedling stage and growth period every 2-3 days is primary, and fertilising in every four days is primary before and after plucking top, and the collecting period is every Fertilising in seven days is primary.

As currently preferred technical solution, the formula of the functional fertilizer, by weight, including amino acid 1 00g/L, Alginic acid 2g/L, chitosan 5g/L.

As currently preferred technical solution, the application method of the functional fertilizer are as follows: per acre with 4 liters of mother liquor dilutions 600 Tomato root is instilled with special nutrient fluid again.

As currently preferred technical solution, the new pesticide combination and its application method are as follows: the August in this year With the May in the coming year:

(1) (+50% copper 8-hydroxyquinolinate 20g of 72% 15 ml of Bravo) × 2；

(2) (bright gloomy 80 ml of zinc 25g+ chitosan oligosaccharide of 72% Bravo, 15 ml+70%) × 2；

September in this year, April in the coming year:

(1) (mould only 50ml+ irrigates Feng Su 25ml+ chitosan oligosaccharide 80ml+ organosilicon 5g) × 2,

(2) (+20% moroxydine 25g+50% prochloraz manganese salt 10g of 42.8% fluopyram trifloxystrobin, 10 ml) × 2,

(3) (the mould only 30ml+ of 30% toxic fluoride phosphate 15g+ irrigates Feng Su 25ml+10% polyoxin 30g) × 2；

October in this year, March in the coming year:

(1) (10% difenoconazole 10g+50% kresoxim-methyl 5g+6% kasugarnycin 12g) × 2,

(2) (the bright gloomy zinc 25g+20% flumorph 20g of 60% azoles ether Carbatene 20ML+70%) × 2,

(3) (8% dimethomorph 10g+58% first frost MnZn 30g+3% Zhongshengmycin 18g+ An Rongle auxiliary agent 3ml) × 2；

November in this year, February in the coming year:

(1) (50% prochloraz-manganese chloride complex 10g+52% Famoxate cymoxanil 25g+80% S-Ethyl ethylthio sulfonate 10ml) × 2,

(2) (42.8% azoles ether flutolanil 8ml+20% Thiodiazole-copper 30g) × 2,

(3) (the clear 30g of the bright gloomy zinc 25g+25% bromine bacterium of 50% fluazinam 15ml+70%) × 2；

December in this year, January in the coming year:

(1) (8% dimethomorph 10g+58% first frost MnZn 30g+3% Zhongshengmycin 18g) × 2,

(2) (52.5% Famoxate frost urinates cyanogen 25g+ fluorine bacterium Propamocarb 25ml) × 2,

(3) (+47% kasugarnycin 30g of 60% azoles ether Carbatene 20ml+ cyazofamid) × 2.

The invention also includes a kind of using husky, cinder as the application of the nutrient combo of substrate culture tomato, which is characterized in that A kind of tomato planted using husky, cinder as the nutrient combo of substrate culture tomato, soy sauce fruit rate are 1%, tomato Sugar content be 4.7%, year increases production 5000 jin or more per acre.

The invention adopts the above technical scheme, compared with prior art, has the advantage that

(1) nutrient combo with tomato of the invention is used, tomato plant is solved and shifts to an earlier date aging, yield cannot be mentioned persistently High problem；

(2) nutrient combo with tomato of the invention is used, solves and tomato plant is kept not shift to an earlier date aging, output increased Under the premise of, tomato soy sauce fruit disease evil is difficult to the problem of preventing and treating；

(3) nutrient combo with tomato of the invention is used, the effect that tomato persistently increases production may be implemented, increase per acre every year Produce more than 5000 jin of benefit；

(4) nutrient combo with tomato of the invention is used, nutrient combo of the invention more meets the growth demand of crop, reaches To the purpose that yield and quality are continuously improved, larger increase economic efficiency；

(5) nutrient combo with tomato of the invention is used, the special nutrient fluid in set meal of the present invention can give full play to fertile medicine Proprietary feature, promote plant growth, realize that fertile medicine is double and subtracts, reduce cost, it is annual per acre to reduce by more than 2000 yuan of investment.

Specific embodiment

Embodiment 1, a kind of using husky, cinder as the nutrient combo of substrate culture tomato, the set meal, including with the following group Part: special nutrient fluid, functional fertilizer and new pesticide combination；

The special nutrient fluid, formula are as follows: (mg/litre) full nitrogen 176, phosphorus 45, potassium 180-350, calcium 90-160, magnesium 60, iron 0.85, manganese 0.55, zinc 0.33, boron 0.3, copper 0.05, molybdenum 0.05.

The special nutrient fluid is carried out to the cultivation of tomato by means of certain matrix, the matrix is husky, coal Slag, wherein the proper ratio that husky, cinder proportion is preferably gone out by test are as follows: when the granularity of cinder is at 0.3-1 centimetres When matched with river sand, river sand: cinder is (3:2)-(2:1), and the particle size range of the river sand is 0.5-1.5 millimeters.It is simple to use Special nutrient fluid need to use 750 jin of nutrient solution fertilizer every year per acre, if being used cooperatively functional fertilizer of the invention, can reduce nutrition Liquid fertilizer material 15%-20%.

The application method of the special nutrient fluid are as follows: convert 10 jin of nutrient solution fertilizer with 5000 jin of water per acre, seedling stage and life Fertilising in long-term every 2-3 days is primary, and fertilising in every four days is primary before and after plucking top, and fertilising in the collecting period every seven days is primary；

If be not used cooperatively with functional fertilizer of the invention, and select exclusive use can also be with application method are as follows: to use water per acre 5000 jin are converted 10 jin of nutrient solution fertilizer, and the fertilising of seedling stage and growth period every two days is primary, and plucking top front and back, fertilising is primary every three days, picking Fertilising in phase every five days is primary.

The formula of the functional fertilizer includes: amino acid 1 00g/L, alginic acid 2g/L, chitosan 5g/L, constitutes mother liquor；It is described Functional fertilizer can also include chitin.

The application method of the functional fertilizer are as follows: instill tomato root with special nutrient fluid with 4 liters of mother liquor 600 times of dilution per acre Portion.

Tomato is cultivated 10 months totally every year, and August part from this year starts the May to next year, the new pesticide Combination and its application method, according to the cultivating and growing process of tomato, prevention in every 10 days or so is primary, using following Novel rural The application method of medicine combination, specifically:

After planting seedlings slow seedling ,+25% first frost frost of 25% 500 times of liquid of network ammonia copper water agent urinates 500 times of liquid of cyanogen+standing grain and protects 1000 times of liquid fillings Root, 2-3 times continuous, prevention tomato marrow blight.

It the August in this year and the May in the coming year, mainly prevents virus diseases, leaf spot:

(1) (+50% copper 8-hydroxyquinolinate 20g of 72% 15 ml of Bravo) × 2；

(2) (bright gloomy 80 ml of zinc 25g+ chitosan oligosaccharide of 72% Bravo, 15 ml+70%) × 2；

September in this year, April in the coming year mainly prevent virus diseases, leaf spot, leaf mold:

(1) (mould only 50ml+ irrigates Feng Su 25ml+ chitosan oligosaccharide 80ml+ organosilicon 5g) × 2；

(2) (42.8% fluopyram trifloxystrobin 10ML+20% moroxydine 25g+50% prochloraz manganese salt 10g) × 2；

(3) (the mould only 30ml+ of 30% toxic fluoride phosphate 15g+ irrigates Feng Su 25ml+10% polyoxin 30g) × 2.

October in this year, March in the coming year mainly prevent leaf mold, gray mold, morning, late blight:

(1) (10% difenoconazole 10g+50% kresoxim-methyl 5g+6% kasugarnycin 12g) × 2；

(2) (the bright gloomy zinc 25g+20% flumorph 20g of 60% azoles ether Carbatene, 20 ml+70%) × 2；

(3) (8% dimethomorph 10g+58% first frost MnZn 30g+3% Zhongshengmycin 18g+ An Rongle auxiliary agent 3ml) × 2.

It is November in this year, February in the coming year, main to prevent early, late blight, canker etc.:

(1) (50% prochloraz-manganese chloride complex 10g+52% Famoxate cymoxanil 25g+80% S-Ethyl ethylthio sulfonate 10ml) × 2；

(2) (42.8% azoles ether flutolanil 8ml+20% Thiodiazole-copper 30g) × 2；

(3) (the clear 30g of the bright gloomy zinc 25g+25% bromine bacterium of 50% fluazinam 15ml+70%) × 2.

December in this year, January in the coming year mainly prevent gray mold, leaf mold, bacterial disease:

(1) (8% dimethomorph 10g+58% first frost MnZn 30g+3% Zhongshengmycin 18g) × 2；

(2) (52.5% Famoxate frost urinates cyanogen 25g+ fluorine bacterium Propamocarb 25ml) × 2；

(3) (+47% kasugarnycin 30g of 60% azoles ether Carbatene 20ml+ cyazofamid) × 2.

The above is 0.07 hectare medicine composition, recipe formulation: (xMn+xMn+ ...) × β

In formula: the content of " x " expression farm chemical ingredients；

" M " indicates pesticide name；

The every sprayer of " n " expression converts dose, and a sprayer is calculated by being filled with water 30 jin；

" β " indicates the quantity of spray how many sprayer；If β=3 at 1.5 mu, if β=4, etc. at 2 mu.

Embodiment 2, a kind of application of nutrient combo of the invention in growing tomatoes, the application test process and As a result as shown in the table: set meal scheme (greenhouse kind used in application test of the embodiment of the present invention on growing tomatoes Plant 1.5 mu of area):

Wherein, the 1-5 month operational version in the coming year, in addition to medication is by the inverted order use of 8-12 month, other are all identical.

The test result of the embodiment of the present invention is as follows:

Several fertilizer conditions that test in above-mentioned application uses are as follows:

Wherein, the data in upper table are the average of three greenhouse test datas；It can be seen from the table, 1. overall see are prepared using new The variation of special nutrient fluid indices it is obvious, be used alone functional fertilizer and pesticide newly be formulated change it is less obvious；2. individually making Detection is newly formulated with pesticide to be proved, the sample inhibiting rate of tomato reduces by one times, this illustrates that the medicine residual quantity of product significantly reduces； 3. functional fertilizer is used alone, find out from one column of upgrowth situation, tomato leaf green, not early ageing, this functions fertilizer is to work The growth of object has apparent adjustment effect.

Of the invention is a kind of using husky, cinder as the nutrient combo of substrate culture tomato, has the following characteristics that

1. urea is innovated used in soilless cultivation: urea needs conversion in 5 days or so in the soil, could be inhaled by crop It receives.By test, urea can be directly absorbed in the cultivation that husky, cinder is matrix, be a kind of quick-acting, high-quality, cheap nitrogen Fertilizer.

2. phosphorus potash fertilizer is innovated used in soilless cultivation: in some references, tomato the middle and late growth stage is answered It is applicable in high phosphorus, high potassic fertilizer, what kind of fertilizer is only the high potassic fertilizer of high phosphorus, gives in husky cinder matrix by testing The scope of application of phosphorus, potassium solves the fuzzy concept of " high phosphorus, high potassium ", and thinks that low-phosphorous use is to tomato by test Growth, yield and quality all have no adverse effect, and low-phosphorous use not only saves investment, but also reduces the dirt to environment Dye.

3. the new knowledge pair soy sauce fruit disease evil: Shouguang City is the township of the vegetables in China, growing tomatoes many years, soy sauce fruit disease Evil is increasingly severe, and many experts are studied, and determine that soy sauce fruit is a kind of physiological disturbance, related with kind, management, It is found in this test, use in winter amidonitrogen, is easy one that causes cold burn and soy sauce fruit to fall ill to tomato Major reason.

4. the innovation of special nutrient fluid: a few years ago we used Holland, Japan, the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences some tomatoes Dedicated nutrient solution prescription, but effect is all less desirable, through the invention, gives and is suitable for husky cinder as substrate culture west The special nutritional formula of liquid of red persimmon.

5. the innovation of set meal nutrition: rational application of fertilizers is agriculturally being used very early, also belongs to the scope of set meal, but in the present invention In, by the functional fertilizers such as special nutrient fluid and novel chitosan, amino acid, the alginic acid of oneself preparation and new pesticide combine into Row organically combination, collect every kind of raw material single function, become with unexpected multi-functional nutrient combo, be with originally The difference of rational application of fertilizers.

Unless otherwise indicated, percentage of the present invention is weight percent, and ratio of the present invention is Mass ratio.

Finally, it should be noted that the foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is not intended to restrict the invention, It, for those skilled in the art, still can be with although describing the invention in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments It modifies the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or equivalent replacement of some of the technical features.It is all Within the spirit and principles in the present invention, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so on should be included in guarantor of the invention Within the scope of shield.

Claims (7)

1. a kind of using husky, cinder as the nutrient combo of substrate culture tomato, which is characterized in that the nutrient combo includes dedicated Nutrient solution, functional fertilizer and new pesticide combination.

2. according to claim 1 a kind of using husky, cinder as the nutrient combo of substrate culture tomato, which is characterized in that The formula of the special nutrient fluid, by weight, including 176 mg/L of full nitrogen, 45 mg/L of phosphorus, potassium 180-350 mg/L, calcium 90-160 mg/L, 60 mg/L of magnesium, 0.85 mg/L of iron, 0.55 mg/L of manganese, 0.33 mg/L of zinc, 0.3 mg/L of boron, copper 0.05 0.05 mg/L of mg/L and molybdenum.

3. according to claim 1 a kind of using husky, cinder as the nutrient combo of substrate culture tomato, which is characterized in that The application method of the special nutrient fluid are as follows: convert 10 jin of nutrient solution fertilizer with 5000 jin of water per acre, seedling stage and growth period every 2- Fertilising in 3 days is primary, and fertilising in every four days is primary before and after plucking top, and fertilising in the collecting period every seven days is primary.

4. according to claim 1 a kind of using husky, cinder as the nutrient combo of substrate culture tomato, which is characterized in that The formula of the functional fertilizer, by weight, including amino acid 1 00g/L, alginic acid 2g/L, chitosan 5g/L.

5. according to claim 1 a kind of using husky, cinder as the nutrient combo of substrate culture tomato, which is characterized in that The application method of the functional fertilizer are as follows: instill tomato root with special nutrient fluid with 4 liters of mother liquor 600 times of dilution per acre.

6. according to claim 1 a kind of using husky, cinder as the nutrient combo of substrate culture tomato, which is characterized in that The new pesticide combination and its application method are as follows: the August in this year and the May in the coming year:

(1) (72% Bravo 15ML+50% copper 8-hydroxyquinolinate 20g) × 2；

(2) (the bright gloomy zinc 25g+ chitosan oligosaccharide 80ML of 72% Bravo 15ML+70%) × 2；

September in this year, April in the coming year:

(1) (mould only 50ml+ irrigates Feng Su 25ml+ chitosan oligosaccharide 80ml+ organosilicon 5g) × 2,

(2) (42.8% fluopyram trifloxystrobin 10ML+20% moroxydine 25g+50% prochloraz manganese salt 10g) × 2,

(3) (the mould only 30ml+ of 30% toxic fluoride phosphate 15g+ irrigates Feng Su 25ml+10% polyoxin 30g) × 2；

October in this year, March in the coming year:

(1) (10% difenoconazole 10g+50% kresoxim-methyl 5g+6% kasugarnycin 12g) × 2,

(2) (the bright gloomy zinc 25g+20% flumorph 20g of 60% azoles ether Carbatene 20ML+70%) × 2,

(3) (8% dimethomorph 10g+58% first frost MnZn 30g+3% Zhongshengmycin 18g+ An Rongle auxiliary agent 3ml) × 2；

November in this year, February in the coming year:

(1) (50% prochloraz-manganese chloride complex 10g+52% Famoxate cymoxanil 25g+80% S-Ethyl ethylthio sulfonate 10ml) × 2,

(2) (42.8% azoles ether flutolanil 8ml+20% Thiodiazole-copper 30g) × 2,

(3) (the clear 30g of the bright gloomy zinc 25g+25% bromine bacterium of 50% fluazinam 15ml+70%) × 2；

December in this year, January in the coming year:

(1) (8% dimethomorph 10g+58% first frost MnZn 30g+3% Zhongshengmycin 18g) × 2,

(2) (52.5% Famoxate frost urinates cyanogen 25g+ fluorine bacterium Propamocarb 25ml) × 2,

(3) (+47% kasugarnycin 30g of 60% azoles ether Carbatene 20ml+ cyazofamid) × 2.

7. a kind of using husky, cinder as the application of the nutrient combo of substrate culture tomato, which is characterized in that described one kind with Husky, cinder is the tomato that the nutrient combo of substrate culture tomato is planted, and soy sauce fruit rate is 1%, and the sugar content of tomato is 4.7%, year increases production 5000 jin or more per acre.