CN103222416A - Special complete nutrient solution and organic matrix integrated cultivation mode for strawberries - Google Patents
Special complete nutrient solution and organic matrix integrated cultivation mode for strawberries Download PDFInfo
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- CN103222416A CN103222416A CN201310097537XA CN201310097537A CN103222416A CN 103222416 A CN103222416 A CN 103222416A CN 201310097537X A CN201310097537X A CN 201310097537XA CN 201310097537 A CN201310097537 A CN 201310097537A CN 103222416 A CN103222416 A CN 103222416A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a special complete nutrient solution and organic matrix integrated cultivation mode for strawberries. Waste residues after cultivation of crop straws and edible mushrooms and organic wastes such as animal excrement are subjected to innocent treatment to serve as a cultivation matrix of the strawberries; a water-soluble fertilizer is made into a complete nutrient solution according to the fertilizer requirement law of the strawberries; and water and nutrient elements are supplied to root system areas of the strawberries by a water and fertilizer integrated manner. The cultivation mode for the strawberries has the characteristics of safe fertilizing, water saving, labor saving, low cost, high availability of matrix raw materials, high fertilizer utilization rate, prevention of soil-borne diseases and successive cropping obstacle, and the like. The strawberries produced by the technical mode have the characteristics of high yield, attractive appearance, high size uniformity, rich nutrient, low pesticide residue, good taste, bright color, high commodity rate and the like.
Description
(1) technical field
The present invention is the supporting technology that is applicable to that planting strawberries such as greenhouse or plastic tunnel use.
(2) background technology
In global berry fruits was produced, cultivated strawberry area and output were only second to grape, are worldwide fruit, the tender succulence of its berry, and fragrant strongly fragrant fragrance, nutritious, be subjected to liking of domestic and international consumer deeply.Because of its in cultivation cycle short, the result early, instant effect has obtained fast development in China in recent years, particularly northern greenhouse by solar heat off-season cultivation, the economic benefit height has become the various places developing rural economy, has promoted the important economic crops of increasing peasant income.At present, China's strawberry greenhouse by solar heat cultivation is based on traditional soil cultivation, and labour intensity is big, and fruiting period is short, and soil-borne disease is as root knot nematode disease; Anthracnose; Verticillium wilt; Fusarium wilt; Bacterial wilts etc., continuous cropping obstacle problems such as (it are weak to show as plant, and root system is aging, and fruit diminishes) become increasingly conspicuous, and have become and have hindered the key factor that the strawberry industry further develops.
At above problem, the invention provides a kind of organic wastes such as waste residue behind agricultural crop straw, the edible fungus culturing, excrement of animals, vinasse, furfural dregs that utilize, through harmless treatment, organic substrate as cultivated strawberry, in conjunction with the special nutrient fluid of the result of study of the demand rule of nutritive element being prepared according to strawberry, with the cultivation mode of liquid manure integrated technique,, obtain good result through the greenhouse cultivation test green house plantation strawberry.
(3) summary of the invention
The present invention relates to strawberry special nutrient fluid and organic culture substrate.
1, nutrient solution is made: each the concentrating of nutrients is to obtain according to the demand to nutritive element in the strawberry growth and development process in the strawberry special nutrient fluid, obtains the compounds such as the nitrate of lime more than technical grade, potassium nitrate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, diammonium hydrogen phosphate or ammonium nitrate, ferrous sulfate or chelated iron, manganese sulphate, boric acid or borax, zinc sulphate, ammonium molybdate or sodium molybdate respectively.In practical operation,, add clear water and be dissolved into and make concentrate earlier according to the concentration weighing institute corresponding compounds of required each element in the nutrient solution.When needs apply fertilizer to strawberry, the concentrate thin up is become needed concentration, apply strawberry root system zone by drip irrigation.
The concentrating of nutrients that comprises in the strawberry full-valence nutrition liquor involved in the present invention is as follows:
N：120-210PPM
P：20-45PPM
K：150-256PPM
Ca：85-165PPM
Mg：25-45PPM
Fe：3.5-6.5PPM
Mn：0.5-1.8PPM
B：0.5-2.5PPM
Cu：0.01-0.03PPM
Zn:0.02-0.04PPM
Mo:0.02-0.06PPM
2, organic substrate is made: organic culture substrate involved in the present invention has agricultural crop straw, perhaps edible mushroom waste residue, perhaps cow dung, perhaps bagasse or vinasse or furfural dregs etc., by harmless treatments such as conventional hot fermentations, kill harmful microorganism in the matrix, insect ovum etc., and make its stable in properties.
3, the preparation of cultivation matrix groove: according to plant and the root system size of strawberry, at ground excavation bottom width 35cm, wide 50cm suitable for reading, the groove of dark 15cm.Center distance is about 80cm between groove.Cultivation matrix is filled up groove, and on groove, play the micro-ridge of an about 15cm above ground level.On the matrix ridge, lay drip irrigation pipe, on cover plastic film, reach and prevent and treat water evaporates, reduce humidity in the canopy, reduce the purpose of disease.At last, borehole plantation two row strawberries on plastic film.
The integrated cultivation technique mode of the special-purpose full-valence nutrition liquor organic substrate of strawberry waters, applies fertilizer by the proprietary formula nutrient solution, therefore produces strawberry, not only output height, and fruit type U.S., and size is even, and bright-colored and beautiful, nutritious, mouthfeel is good.
Excellent results of the invention process is as follows:
According to strawberry assimilation ratio to nutrient element in vegetative period, and local irrigation water water quality characteristics design nutritive element prescription, help the strawberry plant and in the time of infertility, obtain the nutrient supply that suits, the plant strain growth stalwartness, the fruit good looking appearance, fruit color is bright-coloured, beautiful, and size is even, and mouthfeel is good.
The raw material that is used to make the strawberry organic culture substrate is very abundant and cheap, as various stalks, leaf, excrement of animals, edible mushroom waste residue, furfural dregs, vinasse etc., has both turned waste into wealth, and has beautified environment again.The raw material of manufacturing mechanism in order to replace the soil species grass planting certain kind of berries, has been avoided the harm of soil-borne disease to strawberry after harmless treatment.
The present invention is with single organic substrate plantation strawberry, and is simple for production, with low cost, is suitable for large scale application;
Use the liquid manure integrated technique and use nutrient solution, fertilising safety, convenient, saving of work and time.Because nutrient solution prescription is suitable for the strawberry growth, the nutrient element overwhelming majority is absorbed and used, and more than 80%, the irrigation water availability is more than 90% with rate for fertilizer;
The liquid manure integrated technique is to the local an amount of supply nutrient solution of strawberry rhizosphere, and this position covered with plastic film, so the cultivated strawberry environment is neatly dry and comfortable, few disease takes place, pesticide dosage reduces 70-80%, the agricultural residual national pollution-free food quality requirements that is lower than significantly of strawberry fruit;
Embodiment:
The compound of wanting required for the present invention is all commercially available to be obtained, and technology involved in the present invention is routine techniques if no special instructions.
Embodiment 1: strawberry full price special nutrient fluid, and its nutrient content is as follows:
N：150PPM
P：25PPM
K：196PPM
Ca：92PPM
Mg：31PPM
Fe：4.5PPM
Mn：1.3PM
B：0.8PPM
Cu：0.01PPM
Zn：0.02PPM
Mo：0.03PPM
The preparation method: above each nutritive element concentration conversion in nutrient solution is become the actual requirement of all cpds, and accurately weighing is made into concentrated nutrient solution.In the time of need applying fertilizer to strawberry, the concentrate thin up is become needed concentration for 100 times, apply strawberry root system zone by drip irrigation.With the hen house rice husk bedding and padding of harmless treatment as cultivation matrix.With the normal soil plantation in contrast.
Embodiment 2: strawberry full price special nutrient fluid, and its nutrient content is as follows:
N：185PPM
P：32PPM
K：215PPM
Ca：135PPM
Mg：38PPM
Fe：4.6PPM
Mn：1.5PM
B：1.8PPM
Cu：0.02PPM
Zn：0.03PPM
Mo：0.02PPM
In same greenhouse, special-purpose full-valence nutrition liquor of strawberry and the organic substrate of being prepared with embodiment 1 and embodiment 2 used the integrated cultivation mode plantation of liquid manure strawberry, with traditional soil species implant model in contrast respectively, cultivate same kind, the total nutrient content of using is identical.The daily management measure is identical.
The effect of above embodiment 1～2 and contrast is as follows:
Claims (1)
1. the integrated cultivation mode of the special-purpose full-valence nutrition liquor organic substrate of a strawberry is characterized in that may further comprise the steps:
1) nutrient solution is made: each the concentrating of nutrients is to obtain according to the demand to nutritive element in the strawberry growth and development process in the strawberry special nutrient fluid, obtains the nitrate of lime more than technical grade, potassium nitrate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, diammonium hydrogen phosphate, ammonium nitrate, ferrous sulfate, chelated iron, manganese sulphate, boric acid or borax, zinc sulphate, ammonium molybdate and the sodium molybdate compound respectively; According to the concentration weighing institute corresponding compounds of required each element in the nutrient solution, add the clear water dissolving and make concentrate earlier; When needs apply fertilizer to strawberry, the concentrate thin up is become needed concentration, apply strawberry root system zone by drip irrigation;
The concentrating of nutrients that comprises in the strawberry full-valence nutrition liquor involved in the present invention is as follows:
N：120-210PPM
P：20-45PPM
K：150-256PPM
Ca：85-165PPM
Mg：25-45PPM
Fe：3.5-6.5PPM
Mn：0.5-1.8PPM
B：0.5-2.5PPM
Cu：0.01-0.03PPM
Zn:0.02-0.04PPM
Mo:0.02-0.06PPM；
2) organic substrate is made: organic culture substrate involved in the present invention is agricultural crop straw or edible mushroom waste residue or cow dung or bagasse or vinasse or furfural dregs, by harmless treatments such as conventional hot fermentations, kill harmful microorganism and insect ovum in the matrix, make its stable in properties;
3) preparation of cultivation matrix groove: according to plant and the root system size of strawberry, at ground excavation bottom width 35cm, wide 50cm suitable for reading, the groove of dark 15cm; Center distance is 80cm between groove; Cultivation matrix is filled up groove, and on groove, play the micro-ridge of a 15cm above ground level; On the matrix ridge, lay drip irrigation pipe, on cover plastic film, reach and prevent and treat water evaporates, reduce humidity in the canopy, reduce the purpose of disease; At last, borehole plantation two row strawberries on plastic film.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201310097537XA CN103222416A (en) | 2013-03-25 | 2013-03-25 | Special complete nutrient solution and organic matrix integrated cultivation mode for strawberries |
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| CN201310097537XA CN103222416A (en) | 2013-03-25 | 2013-03-25 | Special complete nutrient solution and organic matrix integrated cultivation mode for strawberries |
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| CN103222416A true CN103222416A (en) | 2013-07-31 |
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104261951A (en) * | 2014-09-29 | 2015-01-07 | 句容市农业技术推广中心 | Soluble formula fertilizer specially used for strawberry and application method of soluble formula fertilizer |
| CN105145309A (en) * | 2015-09-23 | 2015-12-16 | 山东农业大学 | Integrated ecological strawberry cultivation method for reducing pest and disease damage and improving fruit quality |
| CN105766581A (en) * | 2016-03-17 | 2016-07-20 | 江苏鼎钰生态农业科技有限公司 | Strawberries nursery substrate and preparation method thereof |
| CN106007859A (en) * | 2016-05-30 | 2016-10-12 | 句容市农业技术推广中心 | Water and fertilizer integration special fertilizer for strawberries in flowering and seed setting period, and top dressing method thereof |
| CN107484522A (en) * | 2017-08-25 | 2017-12-19 | 佛山推启农业研究院（普通合伙） | A kind of implantation methods of Silicon-rich strawberry |
| CN107853129A (en) * | 2017-11-24 | 2018-03-30 | 浙江省农业科学院 | A kind of strawberry cultivation substrate |
| CN109566372A (en) * | 2018-12-18 | 2019-04-05 | 重庆市水产技术推广总站 | Strawberry cultivation method and the management method in pond on a kind of pond water |
| CN114685210A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2022-07-01 | 安徽科技学院 | Method for cultivating strawberries by utilizing nutrient medium to improve strawberry yield |
| CN115226616A (en) * | 2022-08-24 | 2022-10-25 | 湖南垒土农业科技发展有限公司 | Early-maturing strawberry soilless culture method |
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104261951A (en) * | 2014-09-29 | 2015-01-07 | 句容市农业技术推广中心 | Soluble formula fertilizer specially used for strawberry and application method of soluble formula fertilizer |
| CN105145309A (en) * | 2015-09-23 | 2015-12-16 | 山东农业大学 | Integrated ecological strawberry cultivation method for reducing pest and disease damage and improving fruit quality |
| CN105766581A (en) * | 2016-03-17 | 2016-07-20 | 江苏鼎钰生态农业科技有限公司 | Strawberries nursery substrate and preparation method thereof |
| CN106007859A (en) * | 2016-05-30 | 2016-10-12 | 句容市农业技术推广中心 | Water and fertilizer integration special fertilizer for strawberries in flowering and seed setting period, and top dressing method thereof |
| CN107484522A (en) * | 2017-08-25 | 2017-12-19 | 佛山推启农业研究院（普通合伙） | A kind of implantation methods of Silicon-rich strawberry |
| CN107853129A (en) * | 2017-11-24 | 2018-03-30 | 浙江省农业科学院 | A kind of strawberry cultivation substrate |
| CN109566372A (en) * | 2018-12-18 | 2019-04-05 | 重庆市水产技术推广总站 | Strawberry cultivation method and the management method in pond on a kind of pond water |
| CN114685210A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2022-07-01 | 安徽科技学院 | Method for cultivating strawberries by utilizing nutrient medium to improve strawberry yield |
| CN115226616A (en) * | 2022-08-24 | 2022-10-25 | 湖南垒土农业科技发展有限公司 | Early-maturing strawberry soilless culture method |
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Application publication date: 20130731 |