【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は園芸培土に関する。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
従来より培土の原料には腐葉、ピートモス、オガクズ、バーク堆肥、水コケ、厩肥（糞尿と敷きわらの混合物を堆積腐熟させたもの）等の土壌改良が目的の粗大有機質が使用されている。
【０００３】
特許文献１や特許文献２には、有機質入り粒状培土が開示されているが、これらに開示されているのはオガクズやモミガラ等の粗大有機質で、造粒性の向上や、透水性、通気性、保水性の向上が目的である。
【０００４】
特許文献３には、水稲用育苗培土の有機質として乾血粉が有用であることが開示されており、乾血粉以外の有機質資材、例えば米ぬか、油かす、魚かすなどの有機質資材を生の状態（醗酵及び分解していない状態）で用いると、微生物による分解過程を必要とするため、作物の生育が遅くなってしまうことが開示されている。また、特許文献３には、醗酵済有機質肥料を添加した水稲用育苗培土でコシヒカリを３０日間育苗させた試験結果が開示されているが、乾血粉を添加した試験区に比べて、地上部乾物重、地下部乾物重、草丈、根長は、それそれ６７．３％、９５．９％、８２．３％、６８．５％に止まり、水稲用育苗培土には、醗酵済有機質肥料が好ましくないことが示されている。
【０００５】
特許文献４には、土壌病害防除微生物（ストレプトマイセス・ロシェイ・エスエス・ロシェイＡ１３）を含有する培土が開示されている。しかし微生物の添加方法は、酵母エキス・麦芽エキス培地で培養した株を育苗培土に添加する方法で行われており、微生物を培養した動物質醗酵物を培土に添加する方法は、これまで行われていない。
【０００６】
【特許文献１】
特開昭４９−５７２４号公報
【特許文献２】
特開昭５１−８５９１４号公報
【特許文献３】
特開２００１−２８６２２１号公報（例えば、段落０００３、段落００１１、表２）
【特許文献４】
特開２００２−２５３２１３号公報（例えば、実施例２）
【０００７】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明が解決しようとする第１の課題は、丈夫な根を育てることができる安価な園芸培土を提供することである。
【０００８】
本発明が解決しようとする第２の課題は、短期間の育苗で生育の優れた苗が得られる育苗用園芸培土を提供することである。
【０００９】
更に、本発明が解決しようとする第３の課題は、土壌病害を防除する放線菌含有園芸培土を提供することである。
【００１０】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明者らは、培土には適していないと考えられていた動物質醗酵物を園芸培土に添加して生育試験を行ったところ、生育に優れた園芸培土が得られることを見出し、本願第１の発明を完成させるに至った。
【００１１】
また、本発明者らは、この園芸培土にレタス等の種を播種して栽培したところ、短期間で、生育に優れた苗が得られることを見出し、本願第２の発明を完成させるに至った。
【００１２】
更に、本発明者らは、この動物質醗酵物に放線菌を添加することにより土壌病害に対して耐候性を有する放線菌含有園芸培土が得られることを見出し、本願第３の発明を完成させるに至った。
【００１３】
即ち、本願第１の発明は以下の発明を包含する。
（１）動物質醗酵物を含有する園芸培土。
（２）動物質が、魚類（甲殻類、軟骨類を含む）、家畜類、家禽類及び獣類（海獣を含む）から選ばれる少なくとも１種の動物の体の一部又は全部である前記（１）に記載の園芸培土。
（３）動物質醗酵物が、動物質、又は動物質と植物かす類、植物油かす類、ぬか類及びアミノ酸かす類から選ばれる少なくとも１種との混合物を１０日間以上醗酵させたものである前記（１）又は（２）に記載の園芸培土。
（４）動物質醗酵物が、肥料取締法で定める有機質肥料の窒素全量に換算して、１ｍｇ／培土１リットル以上含有されている前記（１）〜（３）のいずれかに記載の園芸培土。
【００１４】
本願第２の発明は以下の発明を包含する。
（５）育苗用である前記（１）〜（４）のいずれかに記載の園芸培土。
（６）地上部と地下部の両方の生育が優れている前記（１）〜（５）のいずれかに記載の園芸培土。
【００１５】
本願第３の発明は以下の発明を包含する。
（７）放線菌を含有する前記（１）〜（６）のいずれかに記載の園芸培土。
【００１６】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明は、動物質醗酵物を含有する園芸培土に関するものである。以下に本発明を詳細に記載する。
【００１７】
本発明の園芸培土は、果樹類、野菜類、花卉類等の園芸作物用の培土として使用することができる。
特に根の生育に優れた苗を育てることができるので、育苗用園芸培土としても有用である。育苗用園芸培土としては、一般の育苗培土の他、セル育苗培土が挙げられる。このセル育苗培土は、機械施用に適しているタマネギ等の根菜類や、レタス、キャベツ等の野菜類に有用である。
【００１８】
本発明で使用する動物質醗酵物は、動物質単体を醗酵させたものでも、動物質に他の成分を混合して醗酵させたものでもよい。
本発明で使用する動物質とは、動物の体の一部又は全部を示し、動物の廃棄物、例えば糞尿は除外される。
【００１９】
本発明で使用する動物質としては、例えば、魚類（甲殻類、軟骨類を含む）、家畜類、家禽類、獣類（海獣を含む）の体の一部又は全部、或いはこれらの動物を原料にした食品工業、繊維工業、ゼラチン工業等の加工業において副産する動物質が挙げられる。具体的には、魚かす、干魚、魚廃物、魚鱗、甲殻類質、蒸製魚鱗、肉かす、肉骨、蒸製てい角、蒸製てい角骨、蒸製毛、乾血、生骨、蒸製骨、蒸製鶏骨、蒸製皮革、鯨かま底かす、動物内臓、家禽加工くず及びこれらの粉末や副産物等が挙げられる。〔ポケット肥料要覧 農林統計協会発行 参照〕
【００２０】
動物質醗酵物は、これらの動物質と、必要に応じて他の資材を混合し、醗酵させることにより得られる。醗酵期間は、通常１週間以上で、以下１０日以上、１５日以上、２０日以上、２５日以上、３０日以上、３５日以上の順に好ましく、４０日以上醗酵させることがより好ましい。なお、蛋白質等を多く含む醗酵物の場合は、更に４５日以上、５０日以上、５５日以上の順に醗酵期間を長くすることが好ましく、６０日以上醗酵させることが最も好ましい。なお、醗酵が十分でない場合（蛋白質等の未醗酵の有機物が残っている場合）は、苗に生育障害を与えることになるので、注意を要する。動物質醗酵物は、動物質単体を醗酵させても得られるが、動物質と植物質を混合して醗酵させることが望ましい。
【００２１】
ここで用いる植物質としては、植物かす類、植物油かす類、ぬか類、アミノ酸かす類やこれらの植物質を原料にした食品工業、繊維工業等の加工業において副産する植物質が挙げられる。具体的には、とうもろこしはい芽、大豆油かす、菜種油かす、わたみ油かす、落花生油かす、あまに油かす、ごま油かす、ひまし油かす、米ぬか油かす、その他の草本性植物油かす、カポック油かす、とうもろこしはい芽油かす、甘草かす、豆腐かす、えんじゅかす、窒素質グアノ、米ぬか、フスマ（麦のぬか）、醗酵米ぬか、醗酵かす、アミノ酸かす、くず植物油かす、草本性植物種子皮殻油かす、木の実油かす、コーヒーかす、くず大豆、たばこくず肥料、乾燥藻、落綿分離かす、よもぎかす、木の皮（バーク等）、稲わら、果樹かす及びこれらの粉末や副産物等が挙げられる。
【００２２】
植物質の添加量は、動物質１００重量部に対して、通常０〜５００重量部、好ましくは０〜３００重量部、より好ましくは０〜２００重量部で、最も好ましくは５０〜１５０重量部である。
【００２３】
なお、必要に応じて、バーミキュライトやゼオライト等の鉱物質、炭類（例：木炭、セラッシュ炭）等の消臭材やそれ以外の第三成分を添加してもよい。第三成分の添加量は特に制限はないが、鉱物質等の第三成分を大量に加えると肥効成分が少なくなるため、動物質醗酵物の添加量を増やす必要がある。通常の園芸培土として使用する場合の鉱物質の添加量は、動物質１００重量部に対して通常３００重量部以下で、好ましくは１００重量部以下、より好ましくは５０重量部以下、最も好ましくは１０重量部以下である。
【００２４】
動物質醗酵物の添加量は、肥料取締法で定める有機質肥料の窒素全量〔ケルダール法によって供試試料中の窒素の量を定量し、これの供試試料の百分率（％）を窒素全量とする。（肥料分析法 農林水産省農業環境技術研究所発行）〕が、通常培土１リットル中に１ｍｇ以上含まれるように添加することが好ましく、以下、２ｍｇ以上、３ｍｇ以上、５ｍｇ以上、８ｍｇ以上、１０ｍｇ以上、１２ｍｇ以上、１５ｍｇ以上、２０ｍｇ以上、２５ｍｇ以上、３０ｍｇ以上、３５ｍｇ以上の順含まれるように添加することが好ましく、最も好ましくは４０ｍｇ以上含まれるように添加することである。これは培土１リットル中の添加量が１ｍｇ未満の場合は、動物質醗酵物が少なくなり十分に生育効果を出すことができないためである。なお、添加量の上限は特にないが、動物質醗酵物の添加量が極端に多くなると透水性や通気性等の物理性に悪影響を与えるため、５０容量％を超える添加量は好ましくない。
【００２５】
本発明の園芸培土に種を播種して３０日間育苗させたときの地上部生体重は、醗酵物を添加しない対照園芸培土で育苗させたときの地上部生体重と比較して、生体重は同じか、それより高くなることが望ましい。通常は地上部生体重が３重量％以上高く、以下、５重量％以上、１０重量％以上、１５重量％以上の順に高いことが好ましく、最も好ましいのは２０重量％以上である。
【００２６】
同様に、本発明の園芸培土で３０日間育苗させた苗の地下部生体重は、対照園芸培土と比較して、生体重が同じか、それより高くなることが望ましい。通常は地下部生体重が３％以上高く、以下、５％以上、１０％以上、１５％以上の順に高いことが好ましく、最も好ましいのは、２０重量％以上である。
また、本発明の園芸培土は、地上部と地下部の両方の生育が優れていることが望ましい。
【００２７】
本発明の育苗用園芸培土は、動物質醗酵物に放線菌を添加することにより、土壌病害に対して耐候性を有する放線菌含有園芸培土とすることもできる。
【００２８】
対象とする土壌病害はトマト萎凋病、トマト根腐萎凋病、ナガイモ褐色腐敗病、ホウレンソウ萎凋病、イチゴ萎黄病、ユウガオつる割病、スイカつる割病、リンゴ白紋羽病、リンゴ紫紋羽病、リンゴ腐らん病、ナス半身萎凋病、ナガイモ根腐病、ダイコン苗立枯、芝の病害であるリゾクトニア・ラージパッチ等が挙げられる。
【００２９】
添加する放線菌は、前記土壌病害の病原菌に対して、拮抗作用を有するものであれば特に限定されないが、例えば、ストレプトミセス属やセラチア属に属する菌が挙げられる。
【００３０】
なお、放線菌含有培土として使用する場合は、動物質醗酵物にバーミキュライトやゼオライト等の鉱物質を加えた方がよい。鉱物質の添加量は、動物質１００重量部に対して、５０〜２０００重量部が好ましく、１００〜１０００重量部がより好ましい。
【００３１】
ホウレンソウ萎凋病菌を、放線菌含有園芸培土と放線菌と醗酵物を含有しない比較園芸培土に接種し、ホウレンソウを栽培した場合、ホウレンソウの地上部生体重（ｇ／株）は、放線菌含有園芸培土の方が比較園芸培土よりも多いことが望ましい。具体的には、比較園芸培土で栽培したホウレンソウの地上部生体重に対して、放線菌含有園芸培土で栽培したホウレンソウの地上部生体重が、１．５倍以上あることが好ましく、以下、２倍以上、２．５倍以上、３倍以上、３．５倍以上、４倍以上、４．５倍以上の順に好ましく、最も好ましいのは、５倍以上である。
【００３２】
有機質肥料は肥効がゆっくりであるため、根の発達がよくなることが知られている。しかし、限られた土壌（人工土壌を含む）で栽培する培土に、米ぬか、油かす、魚かす等の有機質資材を生の状態（醗酵や分解をしていない状態）で添加すると、蛋白質やアミノ酸等が分解する際に発生する有機酸の影響で、作物の初期生育が遅れたり、生育障害が発生するため、培土に有機質資材は不向きと考えられていた（例えば、特開２００１−２８６２２１号公報、段落０００３）。
【００３３】
本発明で使用する動物質醗酵物は、添加量を増やしても作物の初期生育の遅れや生育障害が発生せず、丈夫な根を育てることができる園芸培土の資材として有用であることがわかった。
【００３４】
本発明で使用する動物質醗酵物は、従来から使用されている無機質肥料と合わせて使用するとより優れた効果が得られる。具体的には、従来から販売されている培土に添加されている無機質肥料の最適添加量（例：レタス栽培において、無機質窒素の添加量で１００ｍｇ／培土１リットルが最適の場合、その無機質窒素の添加量）を代えず、更に動物質醗酵物を追加すること（例：無機質窒素１００ｍｇ＋有機質窒素５０ｍｇとすること）で、根の生育を更に向上させることができる。
【００３５】
動物質醗酵物と合わせて使用する無機質肥料は、無機質から構成される肥料で、具体的には、特種肥料（有機質肥料を除く）、窒素質肥料（有機質肥料を除く）、りん酸質肥料（有機質肥料を除く）、加里質肥料（有機質肥料を除く）、熔成複合肥料、化成肥料、配合肥料、成形複合肥料、吸着複合肥料、被覆複合肥料、副産複合肥料、液状複合肥料、家庭園芸用複合肥料、石灰質肥料、けい酸質肥料、苦土肥料、マンガン肥料、ほう素質肥料、微量要素複合肥料、農薬入り肥料等が挙げられる。
【００３６】
無機質肥料の添加量は栽培する植物や添加する肥料の種類によって異なるが、窒素質肥料の添加量は、培土１リットル当たり、無機質窒素全量〔アンモニア性窒素、硝酸態窒素、尿素性窒素の合計（肥料分析法 農林水産省農業環境技術研究所発行）〕で、通常０ｍｇ以上（添加しない場合を含む）で、以下、０．１ｍｇ以上、０．２ｍｇ以上、０．５ｍｇ以上、１ｍｇ以上、２ｍｇ以上、３ｍｇ以上、５ｍｇ以上、１０ｍｇ以上、２０ｍｇ以上、３０ｍｇ以上、５０ｍｇ以上、８０ｍｇ以上の順に好ましく、１００ｍｇ以上であることが最も好ましい。ただし、添加量が多すぎると、地上部の生育に養分がとられ、根の生育が悪くなるので、無機質窒素全量は、通常培土１リットル当たり３００ｍｇ以下で、以下２５０ｍｇ以下、２００ｍｇ以下、１８０ｍｇ以下、１５０ｍｇ以下の順に好ましく、１２０ｍｇ以下であることが最も好ましい。ただし、天然土壌を使用しない育苗培土の場合は、無機質窒素全量が１８０ｍｇ以下であることが望ましい。
【００３７】
なお、育苗用園芸培土の場合は、窒素全量の添加量が培土１リットル当たり、１８０ｍｇ以下であることが望ましい。これは、２００ｍｇ以上添加すると苗の地上部の生育に養分が取られて、根の生育が悪くなるためである。
【００３８】
【実施例】
以下、製造例、実施例及び実験例により本発明を更に具体的に説明するが、これらは本発明の範囲を何ら制限するものではない。
【００３９】
製造例１ 醗酵物Ａの製造
動物質として甲殻類質であるカニガラを３０重量％、植物質として、脱脂米ぬか２０重量％とフスマ（小麦のぬか）１５重量％、更に鉱物質としてバーミキュライト５重量％を醗酵槽に添加し、混合した後、水３０重量％を更に加えて、醗酵槽で４０日間醗酵させ、醗酵物Ａを得た。この醗酵物は完熟しているため、未分解の蛋白質、アミノ酸、有機酸はほとんど検出されなかった。
【００４０】
この醗酵物Ａの肥料取締法で定める肥効成分（乾物あたり）は、窒素全量（以下、有機質窒素という）が２．５％、リン酸全量（以下、有機質リン酸という）が５．５％、加里全量（以下、有機質加里という）が２．０％、水分含有量２７％であった。
【００４１】
製造例２ 醗酵物Ｂの製造
動物質として魚かすを３０重量％、植物質として、脱脂米ぬか２０重量％とフスマ（小麦のぬか）１５重量％、更に鉱物質としてバーミキュライト５重量％を醗酵槽に添加し、混合した後、水３０重量％を更に加えて、醗酵槽で６０日間醗酵させ、醗酵物Ｂを得た。この醗酵物は完熟しているため、未分解の蛋白質、アミノ酸、有機酸はほとんど検出されなかった。
この醗酵物Ｂの肥効成分は、有機質窒素が４．０％、有機質リン酸が７．０％、有機質加里が２．０％、水分含有量２７％であった。
【００４２】
実施例１ 園芸培土の製造
ライトミックスＮ１００〔コープケミカル（株）製、天然土壌を含有しない園芸培土、肥料取締法で定めるアンモニア態窒素と硝酸態窒素の合計（以下、無機質窒素という）が１００ｍｇ／培土１リットル〕に、醗酵物Ａを０．５容量％〜４容量％、醗酵物Ｂを２容量％添加した本発明の園芸培土Ａ１〔醗酵物Ａ０．５容量％含有、有機質窒素：１２．５ｍｇ＋無機質窒素：１００ｍｇ／培土１リットル〕、園芸培土Ａ２〔醗酵物Ａ１容量％含有、有機質窒素：２５ｍｇ＋無機質窒素：１００ｍｇ／培土１リットル〕、園芸培土Ａ３〔醗酵物Ａ２容量％含有、有機質窒素：５０ｍｇ＋無機質窒素：１００ｍｇ／培土１リットル〕、園芸培土Ａ４〔醗酵物Ａ４容量％含有、有機質窒素：１００ｍｇ＋無機質窒素：１００ｍｇ／培土１リットル〕又は園芸培土Ｂ〔醗酵物Ｂ２容量％含有、有機質窒素：８０ｍｇ＋無機質窒素：１００ｍｇ／培土１リットル〕を得た。なお、醗酵物を添加しないライトミックスＮ１００〔無機質窒素：１００ｍｇ／培土１リットル〕を対照園芸培土とした。
【００４３】
比較例１ 比較園芸培土の製造
ライトミックスＮ１００に硝安石灰を添加し、比較園芸培土〔無機質窒素：２００ｍｇ／培土１リットル〕を製造した。
【００４４】
実験例１ レタスの栽培試験（セル用育苗培土としての試験）
連結式プラスチックポットトレー（みのる産業株式会社製：直径１．６ｃｍ、高さ２．５ｃｍ、４４８穴）に、対照園芸培土、園芸培土Ａ１、Ａ２、Ａ３、Ａ４、Ｂ及び比較園芸培土を詰め、常法に従ってレタス苗を３０日間栽培し、レタスの地上部平均生体重（葉と茎、ｇ／株）と地下部平均生体重（根、ｇ／株）を調査した。結果を表１に示す。
【００４５】
【表１】
【００４６】
本発明の園芸培土は、醗酵物を添加していない対照園芸培土に比べて、地上部と地下部の両方の生体重が増加し、特に地下部の生体重は、１２０〜１６７％増えている。
【００４７】
これに対して、動物質醗酵物に代えて、無機肥料（硝安石灰）を２００ｍｇ添加した比較園芸培土は、地上部の生体重は、対照区に比べて１８４％と増加したが、地下部の生育は４７％に留まり、移植に適した苗は得られなかった。
【００４８】
実験例２ 小松菜簡易発芽試験
乾重で５ｇの下記試料を１００ｍｌ三角フラスコに秤取し、純水１００ｍｌを添加、攪拌し、６５℃恒温水槽で２時間振盪し、冷却、濾過（Ｎｏ．２濾紙）して原液を得た。
【００４９】
得られた原液を、規定倍数希釈した。深底シャーレに該シャーレにあわせた濾紙を２枚入れ、希釈液を１０ｍｌ入れ、濾紙に十分しみ込ませた後、小松菜の種を２５粒濾紙上に分散させた。シャーレの蓋をして、１２時間毎に蛍光燈が点滅する室温２５℃の人工気象室で１週間生育させ、対照区を１００とした場合の発芽率（％）と根長（％）を調べた。結果を表２に示す。
〔試料〕
対照区 ：純水のみ
本発明区：醗酵物Ａ（カニガラ使用）、醗酵物Ｂ（魚かす使用）
比較区 ：カニガラ、米ぬか、魚かす、菜種油かす、ひまし油かす、乾血粉
【００５０】
【表２】
【００５１】
醗酵物Ａ、Ｂの発芽率は、いずれも対照区と同じ１００％であった。根長は２倍希釈で１３０％と１１０％、４倍希釈では１９０％と１６０％で対照区より優れた生育を示し、生育の遅れ（根長が９０％未満）や生育障害（根長が２０％未満）は見られなかった。
【００５２】
これに対して未醗酵の有機質を用いた２倍希釈では、いずれの資材も発芽率、根長が対照区より低く生育の遅れや生育障害が認められた。４倍希釈も対照区を下回り、カニガラ（発芽率：９６％、根長：９４％）以外で、生育の遅れ（根長が９０％未満）が認められた。
【００５３】
中でも魚かすは２倍希釈で発芽率０％、４倍希釈でも根長が対照区の４％と低く、典型的な生育障害が認められた。また、菜種油かす、ひまし油かすの２倍希釈でも、根長が対照区の５〜９％と低く、生育障害が認められた。
【００５４】
なお、特開２００１−２８６２２１号公報で、水稲用育苗培土の有機質として有用であるとされた乾血粉は、２倍希釈、４倍希釈で根長がそれぞれ７２％、７０％となり、生育の遅れが認められた。
【００５５】
製造例３ 放線菌含有醗酵物の製造
製造例１で製造した醗酵物Ａ２０重量％とバーミキュライト８０重量％を混合し、オートクレーブにより１２１℃で１５分間滅菌した。その後、滅菌した混合物の水分を２０％に調整し、放線菌としてストレプトミセス・アヌルタスＣＫ−Ｊ（受託番号：ＦＥＲＭ Ｐ−１１７８３）を培養させ、放線菌含有醗酵物を得た。
【００５６】
実施例２ 放線菌含有園芸培土の製造
げんきくん果菜２００（コープケミカル（株）製、土壌含有園芸培土、無機質窒素２００ｍｇ／培土１リットル）に、製造例３で製造した放線菌含有醗酵物を５容量％添加し、本発明の放線菌含有園芸培土を製造した。なお、醗酵物を添加しないげんきくん果菜２００を対照園芸培土とした。
【００５７】
実験例３ ホウレンソウの栽培試験
１０×１５×３０ｃｍのポットに実施例２で製造した放線菌含有園芸培土を添加し、ホウレンソウの種子（タキイ種苗 トライ）を１ポット当たり１０粒播種した。その後１７日後にホウレンソウ萎凋病菌を接種し４週間後に生育調査を行った。ホウレンソウ萎凋病菌は、市販されているＰＤＢ（ポテト、デキストロース、ブロス）培地により１週間程度培養し、接種する際には遠心分離機により濃縮した。濃縮液の分生胞子数をＴｈｏｍａ血球計算盤で計測した。試験区は、病原菌の分生胞子が１０５ケ／ポット×３、１０６ケ／ポット×３とし、濃縮液を蒸留水で５０ｍｌに希釈し、土壌に散布した。また対照区は、１０５ケ／ポット×２、１０６ケ／ポット×２とした。結果を表３に示す。
【００５８】
【表３】
発病指数
０：病徴なし
１：萎凋葉が全体の１０％以下
２：萎凋葉が全体の１０％を超え、３０％以下
３：萎凋葉が全体の３０％を超え、５０％以下
４：萎凋葉が全体の５０％を超え、７０％以下
５：枯死ないし枯死寸前
発病度＝Σ［（発病指数×発病個数）／（最大係数×総固体数）］×１００
【００５９】
放線菌含有園芸培土は、対照園芸培土に比較して発病指数、発病度とも低く、特に地上部生体重は、１０５ケ／ポット区で２．７倍、１０６ケ／ポット区では、５．４倍もの生育差を示し、萎凋病に対して効果のあることが認められた。
【００６０】
【発明の効果】
本発明は、動物質醗酵物を添加するだけで根圏微生物を活性化できる園芸培土が得られるため、安価で提供することができる。
また、本発明の園芸培土は、根の丈夫な苗を育てることができるため、特に育苗用園芸培土として、有用であり、移植後の生育も優れている。
【００６１】
本発明の原料として使用する動物質醗酵物は土壌病害の病原菌に対して拮抗作用を有する放線菌を培養することができるため、本発明の放線菌含有園芸培土は、土壌病害を防除する苗を育てることができる。[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to horticulture soil.
[0002]
[Prior art]
BACKGROUND ART Conventionally, coarse organic substances such as humus, peat moss, sawdust, bark compost, water moss, and manure (a mixture of manure and bedding which have been deposited and matured) have been used as raw materials for cultivation soil.
[0003]
Patent Literature 1 and Patent Literature 2 disclose an organic-containing granular soil, but disclosed therein are coarse organic substances such as sawdust and firgrass, which have improved granulation properties, water permeability, and air permeability. The purpose is to improve water retention.
[0004]
Patent Document 3 discloses that dried blood powder is useful as an organic material for raising rice seedlings, and organic materials other than dried blood powder, for example, organic materials such as rice bran, oil cake, fish cake, etc. are in a raw state ( It is disclosed that when used in a fermentation and non-decomposed state), the growth of the crop is slowed down because a decomposition process by microorganisms is required. In addition, Patent Document 3 discloses a test result in which Koshihikari was grown for 30 days in a rice seedling culture medium to which fermented organic fertilizer was added. Weight, underground dry matter weight, plant height and root length are only 67.3%, 95.9%, 82.3% and 68.5%, respectively, and fertilized organic fertilizer is preferred for raising rice seedlings. Not shown.
[0005]
Patent Literature 4 discloses a cultivation soil containing a microorganism for controlling a soil disease (Streptomyces roche es es roche A13). However, the method of adding microorganisms is a method of adding a strain cultured in a yeast extract / malt extract medium to a seedling culture medium, and the method of adding an animal substance fermented product obtained by culturing a microorganism to a culture medium has been performed so far. Not.
[0006]
[Patent Document 1]
JP-A-49-5724 [Patent Document 2]
JP-A-51-85914 [Patent Document 3]
JP 2001-286221 A (for example, paragraph 0003, paragraph 0011, Table 2)
[Patent Document 4]
JP-A-2002-253213 (for example, Example 2)
[0007]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
A first problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an inexpensive horticultural soil capable of growing strong roots.
[0008]
A second problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a horticulture cultivation soil for raising seedlings capable of obtaining seedlings excellent in growth by raising seedlings for a short period of time.
[0009]
Further, a third problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an actinomycete-containing horticultural soil for controlling soil diseases.
[0010]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present inventors performed a growth test by adding a fermented animal substance which was considered unsuitable for cultivation to horticultural cultivation soil, and found that horticultural cultivation soil with excellent growth was obtained. The first invention has been completed.
[0011]
The present inventors also found that seedlings such as lettuce were sown in this horticultural culture and cultivated, and found that seedlings excellent in growth could be obtained in a short period of time, and completed the second invention of the present application. Was.
[0012]
Furthermore, the present inventors have found that an actinomycete-containing horticultural cultivation soil having weather resistance to soil diseases can be obtained by adding actinomycetes to this animal and animal fermentation product, and complete the third invention of the present application. Reached.
[0013]
That is, the first invention of the present application includes the following inventions.
(1) A horticultural soil containing a fermented animal substance.
(2) The animal according to (1), wherein the animal substance is at least one kind of animal body selected from fish (including crustaceans and cartilage), livestock, poultry, and beasts (including sea animals). The horticultural culture described in).
(3) The fermented animal substance is obtained by fermenting an animal substance or a mixture of the animal substance and at least one selected from plant meal, vegetable oil residue, bran and amino acid residue for 10 days or more. The horticultural culture soil according to (1) or (2).
(4) The horticultural culture according to any one of (1) to (3), wherein the fermented animal substance is contained in an amount of 1 mg / l liter or more in terms of the total amount of nitrogen in the organic fertilizer determined by the Fertilizer Control Law. .
[0014]
The second invention of the present application includes the following inventions.
(5) The horticultural soil according to any one of (1) to (4), which is for raising seedlings.
(6) The horticultural soil according to any one of (1) to (5), wherein both the above-ground portion and the underground portion have excellent growth.
[0015]
The third invention of the present application includes the following inventions.
(7) The horticultural cultivation soil according to any one of (1) to (6), further comprising an actinomycete.
[0016]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a horticultural culture soil containing a fermented animal substance. Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.
[0017]
The horticultural cultivation soil of the present invention can be used as cultivation soil for horticultural crops such as fruit trees, vegetables, and flowers.
Particularly, since seedlings excellent in root growth can be grown, they are also useful as cultivation soil for raising seedlings. Examples of the cultivation soil for raising seedlings include cultivation soil for cultivating cells in addition to general cultivation soil for raising seedlings. This cell seedling culture is useful for root vegetables such as onions and vegetables such as lettuce and cabbage which are suitable for machine application.
[0018]
The animal substance fermented product used in the present invention may be a substance obtained by fermenting a single substance of an animal or a substance obtained by mixing other ingredients with an animal and fermenting.
The animal substance used in the present invention refers to a part or the whole of an animal body, and excludes animal waste such as manure.
[0019]
As the animal substance used in the present invention, for example, part or all of the body of fish (including crustaceans and cartilages), livestock, poultry, and animals (including sea animals), or using these animals as raw materials Animal substances which are by-produced in the processing industries such as the food industry, textile industry, and gelatin industry. Specifically, fish cake, dried fish, fish waste, fish scales, crustaceans, steamed fish scales, meat meal, meat bones, steamed horns, steamed horned bones, steamed hair, dry blood, raw bones, steamed bones, Examples include steamed chicken bones, steamed leather, whale bites, animal offal, poultry processing waste, and powders and by-products thereof. (Refer to Pocket Fertilizer Handbook published by Agriculture and Forestry Statistics Association)
[0020]
An animal fermented product is obtained by mixing these animals and other materials as needed and fermenting. The fermentation period is usually 1 week or more, and is preferably 10 days or more, 15 days or more, 20 days or more, 25 days or more, 30 days or more, 35 days or more, and more preferably 40 days or more. In the case of a fermented product containing a large amount of protein or the like, the fermentation period is preferably extended in the order of 45 days or more, 50 days or more, and 55 days or more, and most preferably 60 days or more. Care must be taken when fermentation is not sufficient (when unfermented organic substances such as proteins remain), which may impair the growth of seedlings. An animal fermentation product can be obtained by fermenting a single substance of an animal, but it is desirable to ferment a mixture of an animal and a plant.
[0021]
Examples of the plant material used here include plant residues, vegetable oil residues, bran, amino acid residues, and plant materials produced from these plant materials as a by-product in the processing industries such as the food industry and the textile industry. Specifically, corn germ, soybean oil cake, rapeseed oil cake, cottonseed oil cake, peanut oil cake, linseed oil cake, sesame oil cake, castor oil cake, rice bran oil cake, other herbaceous vegetable oil cake, kapok oil cake, Corn germ oil cake, licorice cake, tofu cake, enjukasuka, nitrogenous guano, rice bran, bran (wheat bran), fermented rice bran, fermented cake, amino acid cake, waste vegetable oil cake, herbaceous plant seed skin oil cake, Examples include tree nut oil residue, coffee grounds, soybean soybeans, tobacco waste fertilizer, dried algae, cotton wool sediment, wormwood residue, bark (such as bark), rice straw, fruit tree residue, and powders and by-products thereof.
[0022]
The amount of the plant added is usually 0 to 500 parts by weight, preferably 0 to 300 parts by weight, more preferably 0 to 200 parts by weight, and most preferably 50 to 150 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the animal substance. is there.
[0023]
If necessary, a deodorant such as a mineral substance such as vermiculite or zeolite, a charcoal (eg, charcoal or celash charcoal), or a third component other than the above may be added. The addition amount of the third component is not particularly limited, but if a large amount of the third component such as a mineral substance is added, the amount of the fertilizing component is reduced, and therefore, it is necessary to increase the addition amount of the fermented animal substance. When used as ordinary horticultural culture soil, the amount of the mineral substance added is usually 300 parts by weight or less, preferably 100 parts by weight or less, more preferably 50 parts by weight or less, and most preferably 10 parts by weight or less per 100 parts by weight of the active substance. Not more than parts by weight.
[0024]
The amount of animal fermentation added is determined by the total amount of nitrogen in the organic fertilizer specified by the Fertilizer Control Law [The amount of nitrogen in the test sample is determined by the Kjeldahl method, and the percentage (%) of the test sample is defined as the total nitrogen. . (Manure analysis method by the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, Agricultural and Environmental Technology Research Institute) is preferably added so that 1 mg or more is contained in 1 liter of cultivated soil, and 2 mg or more, 3 mg or more, 5 mg or more, 8 mg or more, and 10 mg or less. As described above, it is preferable to add them in the order of 12 mg or more, 15 mg or more, 20 mg or more, 25 mg or more, 30 mg or more, and 35 mg or more, and most preferably, to add 40 mg or more. This is because when the amount of addition per liter of culture soil is less than 1 mg, the amount of the animal / material fermented product becomes small and the growth effect cannot be sufficiently obtained. There is no particular upper limit on the amount of addition, but an extremely large amount of the fermented animal substance adversely affects physical properties such as water permeability and air permeability. Therefore, an addition amount exceeding 50% by volume is not preferable.
[0025]
The above-ground part fresh weight when seeds were seeded on the horticultural cultivation soil of the present invention and raised for 30 days was compared with the above-mentioned part fresh weight when raised on a control horticultural cultivation medium to which no fermentation product was added. Desirably the same or higher. Usually, the above-ground living weight is higher by 3% by weight or more, preferably 5% by weight or more, 10% by weight or more, and 15% by weight or more, and most preferably 20% by weight or more.
[0026]
Similarly, it is desirable that the underground live weight of the seedlings grown on the horticultural cultivation soil of the present invention for 30 days be the same or higher than the control horticultural cultivation soil. Normally, the underground live weight is higher by 3% or more, and preferably higher by 5% or more, 10% or more, and 15% or more, most preferably 20% by weight or more.
Moreover, it is desirable that the horticultural cultivation soil of the present invention has excellent growth in both the aboveground part and the underground part.
[0027]
The horticultural cultivation soil for raising seedlings of the present invention can be made into a horticultural cultivation soil containing actinomycetes having weather resistance to soil diseases by adding actinomycetes to a fermented animal substance.
[0028]
The target soil diseases are tomato wilt, tomato root wilt, potato brown rot, spinach wilt, strawberry yellow wilt, yugao vine wilt, watermelon vine wilt, apple white wilt, apple purple wilt Apple rot, eggplant wilt, potato root rot, Japanese radish seedling dying, Rhizoctonia large patch which is a disease of turf and the like.
[0029]
The actinomycete to be added is not particularly limited as long as it has an antagonistic effect on the pathogen of the above-mentioned soil disease, and examples include bacteria belonging to the genus Streptomyces and Serratia.
[0030]
When used as a culture medium containing actinomycetes, it is better to add a mineral substance such as vermiculite or zeolite to the fermented animal substance. The addition amount of the mineral substance is preferably 50 to 2,000 parts by weight, more preferably 100 to 1,000 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the moving substance.
[0031]
When spinach wilt fungi are inoculated into a cultivation soil containing actinomycetes and a comparative horticulture cultivation soil containing no actinomycetes and fermentation products, and when spinach is cultivated, the above-ground fresh weight of spinach (g / strain) is cultivated with actinomycetes. It is desirable that there be more than the comparative horticulture cultivation soil. Specifically, the aerial part fresh weight of the spinach cultivated in the actinomycete-containing horticultural cultivation soil is preferably at least 1.5 times the aerial part fresh weight of the spinach cultivated in the comparative horticultural soil. The order is preferably at least 2.5 times, at least 2.5 times, at least 3 times, at least 3.5 times, at least 4 times, at least 4.5 times, and most preferably at least 5 times.
[0032]
Organic fertilizers are known to improve root development due to slow fertilization. However, when organic materials such as rice bran, oil cake, fish cake, etc. are added in a raw state (without fermentation or decomposition) to cultivated soil cultivated on limited soil (including artificial soil), protein and amino acids It has been considered that organic materials are unsuitable for cultivation because the initial growth of crops is delayed or a growth disorder occurs due to the influence of organic acids generated when such substances are decomposed (for example, JP 2001-286221 A). , Paragraph 0003).
[0033]
The fermented animal substance used in the present invention is found to be useful as a material for horticultural cultivation soil capable of growing strong roots without delaying the initial growth of the crop or growing disorders even when the amount of addition is increased. Was.
[0034]
When the animal and animal fermentation product used in the present invention is used in combination with a conventionally used inorganic fertilizer, more excellent effects can be obtained. Specifically, the optimal addition amount of the inorganic fertilizer added to the conventionally sold soil (eg, in lettuce cultivation, when the addition amount of inorganic nitrogen is 100 mg / l liter of soil, the optimum The root growth can be further improved by changing the amount of the fermented animal (ie, adding 100 mg of inorganic nitrogen and 50 mg of organic nitrogen) without changing the added amount.
[0035]
Inorganic fertilizers used in combination with animal fermented products are fertilizers composed of inorganic substances. Specifically, special fertilizers (excluding organic fertilizers), nitrogenous fertilizers (excluding organic fertilizers), and phosphate fertilizers ( Organic fertilizers (excluding organic fertilizers), Kali fertilizers (excluding organic fertilizers), molten composite fertilizers, chemical fertilizers, compound fertilizers, molded composite fertilizers, adsorption composite fertilizers, coated composite fertilizers, by-product composite fertilizers, liquid composite fertilizers, home gardening Composite fertilizer, calcareous fertilizer, silicate fertilizer, magnesia fertilizer, manganese fertilizer, boron fertilizer, trace element composite fertilizer, fertilizer containing pesticide, and the like.
[0036]
The amount of inorganic fertilizer added varies depending on the plant to be cultivated and the type of fertilizer to be added, but the amount of nitrogenous fertilizer added depends on the total amount of inorganic nitrogen [total of ammonia nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, urea nitrogen ( Fertilizer analysis method), usually 0 mg or more (including not added), below, 0.1 mg or more, 0.2 mg or more, 0.5 mg or more, 1 mg or more, 2 mg or more It is preferably 3 mg or more, 5 mg or more, 10 mg or more, 20 mg or more, 30 mg or more, 50 mg or more, 80 mg or more, and most preferably 100 mg or more. However, if the added amount is too large, nutrients are taken in the growth of the above-ground part, and the growth of the root is deteriorated. Therefore, the total amount of inorganic nitrogen is usually 300 mg or less per liter of cultivated soil, 250 mg or less, 200 mg or less, 180 mg or less. , 150 mg or less, and most preferably 120 mg or less. However, in the case of seedling cultivation soil that does not use natural soil, the total amount of inorganic nitrogen is desirably 180 mg or less.
[0037]
In the case of cultivation soil for raising seedlings, it is desirable that the total amount of nitrogen added is 180 mg or less per liter of cultivation soil. This is because when 200 mg or more is added, nutrients are taken in the growth of the aerial part of the seedling, and the growth of the root is deteriorated.
[0038]
【Example】
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described more specifically with reference to Production Examples, Examples, and Experimental Examples, but these do not limit the scope of the present invention.
[0039]
Production Example 1 Production of fermented product A: 30% by weight of crustacean crab as an active substance, 20% by weight of defatted rice bran and 15% by weight of bran (wheat bran) as plant matter, and 5% by weight of vermiculite as a mineral substance Was added to the fermenter and mixed, and then 30% by weight of water was further added. The mixture was fermented in the fermenter for 40 days to obtain a fermented product A. Since this fermentation product was ripe, almost no undegraded proteins, amino acids and organic acids were detected.
[0040]
The fertilizer A has a fertilizer effect component (per dry matter) determined by the Fertilizer Control Law, in which the total amount of nitrogen (hereinafter, referred to as organic nitrogen) is 2.5%, and the total amount of phosphoric acid (hereinafter, referred to as organic phosphoric acid) is 5.5%. , The total amount of potassium (hereinafter, referred to as organic potassium) was 2.0%, and the water content was 27%.
[0041]
Production Example 2 Production of Fermented Product B 30% by weight of fish cake as an active substance, 20% by weight of defatted rice bran and 15% by weight of bran (wheat bran) as plant matter, and 5% by weight of vermiculite as a mineral substance in a fermenter. After the addition and mixing, 30% by weight of water was further added, and the mixture was fermented in a fermenter for 60 days to obtain a fermented product B. Since this fermentation product was ripe, almost no undegraded proteins, amino acids and organic acids were detected.
The fertilizing component of the fermentation product B was 4.0% organic nitrogen, 7.0% organic phosphoric acid, 2.0% organic potassium, and 27% water content.
[0042]
Example 1 Production of horticultural soil Light Mix N100 [manufactured by Corp Chemical Co., Ltd., horticultural soil without natural soil, the total of ammonium nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen (hereinafter referred to as inorganic nitrogen) defined by the Fertilizer Control Law is 100 mg / 11. 0.5% by volume to 4% by volume of fermented product A and 2% by volume of fermented product B were added to 1 liter of cultivated soil, horticultural cultivation A1 of the present invention [containing 0.5% by volume of fermented product A, organic nitrogen: 12. 5 mg + inorganic nitrogen: 100 mg / cultivation soil 1 liter), horticultural cultivation soil A2 [containing fermented product A1% by volume, organic nitrogen: 25 mg + inorganic nitrogen: 100 mg / cultivation soil 1 liter], horticultural cultivation soil A3 [containing fermentation material A2% by volume, organic nitrogen: 50 mg + inorganic nitrogen: 100 mg / cultivation soil 1 liter), horticultural cultivation soil A4 [containing fermentation product A4% by volume, organic nitrogen: 100 mg + inorganic nitrogen: 100] mg / cultured soil 1 liter] or horticultural cultivation soil B (containing 2% by volume of fermented product B, organic nitrogen: 80 mg + inorganic nitrogen: 100 mg / cultured soil 1 liter). In addition, Light Mix N100 (inorganic nitrogen: 100 mg / liter of soil 1 liter) to which no fermentation product was added was used as a control horticultural soil.
[0043]
Comparative Example 1 Production of Comparative Horticulture Soil Nitric acid lime was added to Light Mix N100 to produce a comparative horticulture cultivation soil [inorganic nitrogen: 200 mg / litter of cultivation soil].
[0044]
Experimental example 1 Lettuce cultivation test (test as seedling cultivation soil for cell)
Combine control horticulture cultivation soil, horticulture cultivation A1, A2, A3, A4, B and comparative horticulture cultivation in a connected plastic pot tray (manufactured by Minoru Sangyo Co., Ltd .: diameter 1.6 cm, height 2.5 cm, 448 holes), Lettuce seedlings were cultivated for 30 days according to a conventional method, and the above-mentioned average live weight (leaf and stem, g / strain) and underground average fresh weight (root, g / strain) of the lettuce were examined. Table 1 shows the results.
[0045]
[Table 1]
The horticultural cultivation soil of the present invention has an increase in both the aboveground and underground living weight, and especially the underground living weight, has increased by 120 to 167%, as compared to a control horticultural cultivation soil to which no fermentation product is added. .
[0047]
On the other hand, in the comparative horticultural culture soil to which 200 mg of inorganic fertilizer (nitrite lime) was added in place of the animal substance fermented product, the fresh weight of the above-ground part increased to 184% as compared with the control plot, but the fresh weight of the underground part was increased. The growth was only 47%, and no seedling suitable for transplantation was obtained.
[0048]
Experimental Example 2 Komatsuna simple germination test 5 g of the following sample was weighed into a 100 ml Erlenmeyer flask by dry weight, 100 ml of pure water was added, stirred, shaken in a 65 ° C. constant temperature water bath for 2 hours, cooled, and filtered (No. 2 filter paper). ) To obtain a stock solution.
[0049]
The resulting stock solution was diluted by a specified factor. Two pieces of filter paper matched to the dish were placed in a deep-bottom dish, 10 ml of a diluent was added, and the filter paper was sufficiently impregnated. 25 seeds of Komatsuna were dispersed on the filter paper. Cover the petri dish and grow for 1 week in a climate chamber at room temperature of 25 ° C, where the fluorescent lamp flashes every 12 hours. Check the germination rate (%) and root length (%) when the control is set to 100. Was. Table 2 shows the results.
〔sample〕
Control group: pure water only Invention group: fermented product A (using crab), fermented product B (using fish cake)
Comparative area: crab, rice bran, fish cake, rapeseed oil cake, castor oil cake, dried blood powder
[Table 2]
The germination rate of the fermented products A and B was 100%, the same as that of the control. Root lengths were 130% and 110% at 2-fold dilution, and 190% and 160% at 4-fold dilution, indicating superior growth compared to the control. Delayed growth (root length less than 90%) and growth disorders (root length decreased) (Less than 20%).
[0052]
On the other hand, in the two-fold dilution using unfermented organic matter, the germination rate and root length of all the materials were lower than those of the control group, and growth delay and growth disturbance were observed. The 4-fold dilution was also lower than that of the control group, and growth was delayed (root length was less than 90%) except for crab (germination rate: 96%, root length: 94%).
[0053]
Above all, the germination rate of fish meal was 2%, the germination rate was 0%, and the root length was 4%, which was 4% lower than that of the control group, and a typical growth disorder was observed. In addition, even with a 2-fold dilution of rapeseed oil grounds or castor oil grounds, the root length was as low as 5 to 9% of the control group, and growth disorders were observed.
[0054]
In addition, in Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No. 2001-286221, the dried blood powder, which is considered to be useful as an organic material for cultivating seedlings for paddy rice, has root lengths of 72% and 70%, respectively, when diluted two-fold and four-fold, resulting in delayed growth. Was observed.
[0055]
Production Example 3 Production of Actinomycete-Containing Fermented Product 20% by weight of the fermented product A produced in Production Example 1 and 80% by weight of vermiculite were mixed and sterilized in an autoclave at 121 ° C. for 15 minutes. Thereafter, the water content of the sterilized mixture was adjusted to 20%, and Streptomyces anultas CK-J (accession number: FERM P-11178) was cultured as an actinomycete to obtain an actinomycete-containing fermentation product.
[0056]
Example 2 Production of actinomycete-containing horticultural cultivation soil Genkin-kun fruit vegetable 200 (manufactured by Corp Chemical Co., Ltd., soil-containing horticultural cultivation soil, inorganic nitrogen 200 mg / cultured soil 1 liter) was mixed with the actinomycete-containing fermented product produced in Production Example 3 for 5 days. % By volume to produce a cultivation soil containing actinomycetes of the present invention. Genki-kun Fruit Vegetables 200 to which no fermentation product was added was used as a control horticultural soil.
[0057]
Experimental Example 3 Spinach Cultivation Test The horticultural soil containing actinomycetes prepared in Example 2 was added to a 10 × 15 × 30 cm pot, and 10 spinach seeds (Takii seeds and seedlings) were sown per pot. Seventeen days later, spinach wilt fungus was inoculated, and four weeks later, growth was investigated. The spinach wilt fungus was cultured in a commercially available PDB (potato, dextrose, broth) medium for about one week, and concentrated at the time of inoculation by a centrifuge. The number of conidiospores in the concentrate was counted with a Thomas hemocytometer. Test group, the conidia pathogens and 10 5 pieces / pot × 3, 10 6 pieces / pot × 3, diluted to 50ml concentrate with distilled water and sprayed on the soil. The control group was 10 5 pieces / pot × 2,10 6 pieces / pot × 2. Table 3 shows the results.
[0058]
[Table 3]
Disease index 0: No symptom 1: Wilted leaf is 10% or less of the whole 2: Wilted leaf exceeds 10% of the whole, 30% or less 3: Wilted leaf exceeds 30% of the whole, 50% or less 4: Wilting Leaf is more than 50% of the whole but not more than 70% 5: Death or near-death disease incidence = Σ [(Disease index × Disease count) / (Maximum coefficient × Total number of solids)] × 100
[0059]
Actinomycetes containing horticultural soil is disease index compared to controls horticultural soil, severity and lower, the fresh weight of the particular ground parts, 2.7 times at 10 5 defects / pot-ku, in 10 6 defects / pot District, 5 It showed a growth difference of 4 times and was confirmed to be effective against wilt.
[0060]
【The invention's effect】
INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention provides a horticultural soil capable of activating rhizosphere microorganisms simply by adding a fermented animal substance, and thus can be provided at a low cost.
Further, the horticultural cultivation soil of the present invention can grow seedlings with strong roots, and thus is useful especially as a horticultural cultivation soil for raising seedlings, and has excellent growth after transplantation.
[0061]
Since the animal / material fermented product used as a raw material of the present invention can cultivate an actinomycete having an antagonistic action against a soil disease pathogen, the actinomycete-containing horticultural cultivation soil of the present invention is a seedling for controlling a soil disease. Can be raised.