CN113149791B - A kind of preparation method of biological organic fertilizer - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of fertilizers, and in particular relates to a biological organic fertilizer and a preparation method and application thereof. A method for preparing a bio-organic fertilizer, the bagasse is pulverized and then mixed with cow dung and pond mud evenly, an appropriate amount of EM bacterial agent is added to carry out fermentation treatment, after being fully fermented, worms are fed and the vermicompost is collected, and the vermicompost is passed through 25- After a 30-mesh sieve, it was placed in a well-ventilated and open place for natural drying for 6-9 days, and the moisture content in the vermicompost was controlled to be 10-20% to obtain bio-organic fertilizer. The bio-organic fertilizer of the present invention can be used to improve the plant height, stem diameter and yield of tomato.

Description

A kind of preparation method of biological organic fertilizer

technical field

The invention belongs to the field of fertilizers, and in particular relates to a biological organic fertilizer and a preparation method and application thereof.

Background technique

Bio-organic fertilizer mainly refers to the organic fertilizer produced by the fermentation and processing of agricultural and animal husbandry wastes or organic wastes by beneficial microorganisms. It is one of the most promising new fertilizers. The traditional livestock and poultry manure organic fertilizer has low production cost. After application, it not only increases production, but also can improve or improve crop quality. However, its production method is backward, the composting process is troublesome, labor-intensive, and effective nutrient content is low. Development of agriculture and commodity economy.

Vermicompost is the excrement of earthworms that use livestock manure or other organic wastes as bait, and are digested and metabolized in the body of earthworms. It is rich in a variety of microorganisms and their metabolites. The surface of the vermicompost is black, uniform, and finely divided substances with a natural earthy smell, with good porosity, ventilation, drainage and high water holding capacity. The vermicompost has a large surface area and has good absorption and retention The ability of nutrients to allow many microorganisms to survive. Compared with its fodder livestock and poultry manure, vermicompost has a significant increase in soluble salt content, cation exchange performance and humic acid content, and most of the organic matter is converted into stable humic compound substances, especially in the process of microbial metabolism. Alkaline livestock and poultry manure tends to be neutral after being treated by earthworms, which becomes a more suitable growth environment for most plants.

Vermicompost is a multi-functional fertilizer that integrates nutrition, disease prevention and growth stimulation. It has strong biological activity and performs well after application in production. Used as soilless culture substrate, etc. At present, the biological activities of vermicompost obtained by different feeding materials are quite different, and the purpose of the present invention is to provide a preparation method of biological organic fertilizer with better biological activity.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The invention belongs to the field of fertilizers, and in particular relates to a biological organic fertilizer and a preparation method and application thereof.

The technical scheme provided by the present invention is as follows:

A preparation method of bio-organic fertilizer, the bagasse is pulverized and then mixed with cow dung and pond mud evenly, an appropriate amount of bacillus, actinomycetes, trichoderma and EM inoculants are added for fermentation treatment, and earthworms are fed after full fermentation. Collect the vermicompost, pass the vermicompost through a 25-30 mesh sieve and place it in a well-ventilated and open place for natural drying for 6-9 days, and control the water content in the vermicompost to be 10-20% to obtain a biological organic fertilizer.

Preferably, in the described preparation method, the weight ratio of cow dung, pond mud and bagasse is 1-50:1-50:1-30.

Preferably, the weight ratio of cow dung, pond mud and bagasse is 20:20:10.

The invention provides a biological organic fertilizer, which is prepared according to the preparation method.

The invention provides the use of a biological organic fertilizer for improving the biological characters of plants. Preferably, it is used to improve tomato plant height, stem diameter and yield.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. The bio-organic fertilizer provided by the present invention can be used to improve the biological characters of plants, especially can be used to improve the plant height, stem diameter and yield of tomato.

2. In the present invention, the biological activity of the vermicompost produced by feeding earthworms after mixing and fermenting cow dung, pond mud and bagasse is higher than other treatments and has significant differences.

3. Compared with Bacillus, Actinomyces, and Trichoderma, EM inoculum treatment and fermentation can effectively improve tomato plant height and stem thickness.

Description of drawings

Figure 1 shows the effects of different treatments on tomato plant height;

Figure 2 shows the effect of different treatments on tomato stem thickness;

Figure 3 shows the effects of different fermentation bacteria treatments on tomato plant height;

Figure 4 shows the effect of different fermentation bacteria treatments on tomato stem diameter.

Detailed ways

The present invention can be better understood from the following examples. However, those skilled in the art can easily understand that the contents described in the embodiments are only used to illustrate the present invention, and should not and will not limit the present invention described in detail in the claims.

Example 1 : Influence of different formula bio-organic fertilizers on the biological properties of small fruit tomato

Tested varieties: small fruit tomato; pot experiment was used. The test pots were 40 cm high and 30 cm in inner diameter. The experiment consisted of 5 treatments and 3 pots for each treatment, with 3 repetitions, and the cultivation soil and bio-organic fertilizer for each treatment were mixed in pots at a volume ratio of 5:1 and placed in pots for later use. First, the seedlings were raised in the greenhouse, and the seedlings were transplanted after one month. The size of the seedlings was the same, and the management of each treatment was the same. Managed under natural conditions after transplanting.

Test design:

Bio-organic fertilizer preparation method: pulverize the raw materials of different treatments and mix them evenly, add EM bacterial agent for fermentation treatment, feed earthworms and collect vermicompost after full fermentation, pass the vermicompost through a 25-30 mesh sieve and place it in ventilation In a good and open place, natural drying should be carried out to control the moisture content of the vermicompost to be 10-20%, and the piled vermicompost should be selected for use.

Table 1 different treatment raw material formula (weight part)

deal with cow dung chicken manure pond scum bagasse Corn stalks 1 20 20 10 2 20 20 10 3 20 20 10 4 20 20 10 5 20 20

Survey indicators: The plant height and stem diameter were measured and recorded once every 10 days after transplanting and planting, for a total of 5 measurements, and the average fruit weight and fruit weight per plant were picked and measured at the right time, and the average yield per plant was calculated at the end of the experiment.

The test results are shown in Figures 1 and 2.

As can be seen from Figure 1, 10 days after tomato transplanting, the difference in plant height of each treatment was not obvious, showing a stable trend. After 50 days, the plant height was 77.85 cm, which was significantly higher than that of treatments 1, 2, 4, and 5 (1 treatment was 64.15 cm, 2 treatment was 62.47 cm, 4 treatment was 65.14 cm, and 5 treatment was 57.33 cm).

It can be seen from Fig. 2 that, 30 days after transplanting, the effect of each treatment on stem diameter is not significant, but there is a significant difference at 40 days after transplanting: in treatment 3, the stem diameter after transplanting 40 days is 14.5mm, which is significantly higher than that of the treatment. 1, 2, 4, and 5 (the stem diameter of treatment 1 was 13.5 mm, the stem diameter of treatment 2 was 13.6 mm, the stem diameter of treatment 4 was 13.4 mm, and the stem diameter of treatment 5 was 12.9 mm). The results of stem diameter measured 50 days after transplanting were similar to those measured 40 days after transplanting, indicating that the vegetative growth of tomato slowed down after 40 days after transplanting, gradually entered reproductive growth, and began to enter the peak flowering and fruiting period.

Table 2 Effects of different treatments on the average fruit weight and fruit weight per plant of tomato

deal with Average fruit g Fruit weight per plant kg 1 10.25 1.26 2 10.38 1.30 3 11.95 1.54 4 10.50 1.28 5 9.58 1.11

It can be seen from Table 2 that the average fruit weights of each treatment are treatment 3, treatment 4, treatment 2, treatment 1, treatment 5 in descending order. Treatment 3 showed uniform fruit size and bright fruit color. Treatment 3 had the highest fruit weight per plant, which indicated that treatment 3 had a significant effect on tomato yield.

Example 2 : Influence of bio-organic fertilizers treated with different fermenting bacteria on biological properties of small fruit tomato

Raw material formula: formula 3 in Table 1, fermentation bacteria 1-4 are Bacillus, Actinomycetes, Trichoderma, EM inoculum respectively.

Preparation method of bio-organic fertilizer: pulverize the raw materials of different treatments and mix them evenly, add different starter agents for fermentation treatment, feed earthworms and collect vermicompost after full fermentation, pass the vermicompost through a 25-30 mesh sieve and place it in ventilation In a good and open place, natural drying should be carried out to control the moisture content of the vermicompost to be 10-20%, and the piled vermicompost should be selected for use.

Test method: refer to Example 1

The test results are shown in Figure 3-4.

As can be seen from Figure 3-4, compared with Bacillus, Actinomyces, and Trichoderma, EM inoculum treatment and fermentation can effectively improve tomato plant height and stem thickness.

The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, appropriate improvements can be made without departing from the raw materials of the present invention, and these improvements are also within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (3)

1. A preparation method of a biological organic fertilizer is characterized by comprising the following steps: crushing bagasse, uniformly mixing with cow dung and pond sludge, adding a proper amount of EM microbial inoculum for fermentation treatment, feeding earthworms after full fermentation, collecting the earthworm dung, sieving the earthworm dung with a 25-30-mesh sieve, placing the earthworm dung in a well-ventilated and spacious place for natural airing for 6-9 days, and controlling the water content in the earthworm dung to be 10-20% to obtain a bio-organic fertilizer; the weight ratio of the cow dung, the pond sludge and the bagasse is 20:20: 10.

2. A bio-organic fertilizer, characterized in that, it is prepared by the preparation method of claim 1.

3. Use of the bio-organic fertilizer according to claim 2 for improving plant biological traits, which can be used for improving tomato plant height, stem thickness and yield.

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