CN106478184B - A kind of potting leek cultivation matrix and cultural method - Google Patents
A kind of potting leek cultivation matrix and cultural method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106478184B CN106478184B CN201610905711.2A CN201610905711A CN106478184B CN 106478184 B CN106478184 B CN 106478184B CN 201610905711 A CN201610905711 A CN 201610905711A CN 106478184 B CN106478184 B CN 106478184B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D1/00—Fertilisers containing potassium
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/02—Receptacles, e.g. flower-pots or boxes; Glasses for cultivating flowers
- A01G9/029—Receptacles for seedlings
- A01G9/0299—Handling or transporting of soil blocks or seedlings
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of potting leek cultivation matrix and cultural methods, wherein the cultivation matrix is made of the raw material of following volumes number: 2 parts of rural area frozen soil, 1 part of decomposed manure, 1 part of biological organic fertilizer, 2 parts of turfy soil, 1 part of vermiculite, 2 parts of plant ash and 1 part of castor leaf；The content of organic matter > 70% in the biological organic fertilizer is not less than 2 × 10 beneficial to bacterial content9A/g, N-P2O5‑K2O=2-3-5, total content > 10%.The cultivation medium formula that the present invention uses is the optimum formula that applicant passes through that test of many times is drawn, this cultivation medium formula is reasonable, and pest and disease damage is few, and leek yield is high, and quality is good.Cultural method of the invention improves the quality and quality of leek by using various aggregate measures, and various measures are preferably selecting of working it out for leek, and while guaranteeing leek yield, reduces the generation of pest and disease damage.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of plant growing technology, and in particular to used matrix is cultivated, be more particularly to one
Kind potting leek cultivation matrix and cultural method.
Background technique
Vegetable is quickly grown in recent years, using flowerpot in balcony planting vegetables, can not only intersperse room, but also can afforest ring
Border, beautification life, have the multiple functions such as ornamental, edible, greening environment, are liked by people, market prospects are very tempting.
Leek is the traditional edible vegetable of our people, it is except human bodies such as protein rich in, vitamin, mineral salts
Outside required various nutrition or acknowledged high cellulose content vegetables, since the cellulose medical treatment special to human body is protected
Strong effect, leek are referred to as the seventh-largest dietary vegetable.Potting leek had both played greening ornamental value, edible but also as vegetables,
It is a kind of pollution-free food, it is deep to be liked by citizen.Leek is cultivated using flowerpot, technically simple, is not limited by area and season,
Growth is fast, pest and disease damage is less, can plant throughout the year, and can continuously harvest, and is suitble to household balcony cultivation.
Flowerpot cultivates leek because vessel volume is limited, and leek root growth is restricted, therefore cultivation soil used in basin
Must be containing sufficient fertility, the needs that leek could be maintained continuously to grow and continuously harvest.
Then the cultivation matrix of existing potting leek generally uses common cultivation matrix, even if there is some use to have
Machine matrix, but still there is pest and disease damage in actual cultivation and easily occur in leek, the lower problem of yield.
Summary of the invention
To solve defect in the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of potting leek cultivation matrix and cultural method, wherein planting
It is added to probiotics in training matrix, and matches rationally, pest and disease damage greatly reduces, and the comprehensive various cultivations of cultural method
The leek yield of the optimization of condition, cultivation greatly increases, and kind improves.
To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
A kind of potting leek cultivation matrix, the cultivation matrix are made of the raw material of following volumes number: rural area frozen soil 2
Part, 1 part of decomposed manure, 1 part of biological organic fertilizer, 2 parts of turfy soil, 1 part of vermiculite, 2 parts of plant ash and 1 part of castor leaf；The life
The content of organic matter > 70% in organic fertilizer is not less than 2 × 10 beneficial to bacterial content9A/g, N-P2O5-K2O=2-3-5, N, P, K are total
Content > 10%.
Wherein, the cultivation matrix water content is 50-60%, total porosity 60-80%, the content of organic matter > 30%.
Preferably, the cultivation matrix further includes microbial bacterial agent, and microbial bacterial agent, institute are added in above-mentioned cultivation matrix
State includes bacillus subtilis, bacillus megaterium, bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Paenibacillus polymyxa, light in microbial bacterial agent
Combined bacteria microorganism probiotic, and microorganism probiotic content described in every gram of cultivation matrix is not less than 10000
The invention also discloses the preparation method of above-mentioned potting leek cultivation matrix, the preparation method includes following step
It is rapid:
(1) the rural area frozen soil, decomposed manure, turfy soil, vermiculite, plant ash are mixed simultaneously according to the volume parts
It stirs evenly, 0.3% liquor potassic permanganate is constantly sprayed in whipping process, it is made to fully absorb moisture, until saturation；
(2) it is covered tightly after having sprayed liquor potassic permanganate with plastic foil, adds biological organic fertilizer according to volume parts after a week,
And the microbial bacterial agent is sprayed, then stir evenly to obtain Nutrition Soil；
(3) it is mixed evenly again mixed with the Nutrition Soil of step (2) after mixing evenly after castor leaf being shone dry grinding
Close object；
(4) then the mixture that step (3) obtains is dried and (is commonly dried in the shade), carrying out sieving processing after dry (can
To select the sieve of 10 mesh) up to potting leek cultivation matrix.
On the other hand, the invention also discloses the cultural method of above-mentioned potting leek, the cultural method includes following step
It is rapid:
(1) vernalization: the warm water that seed is put into 40-45 DEG C was impregnated into diel in 4-5 days before sowing, then with clean gauze
Vernalization at a temperature of being placed in 16-20 DEG C is wrapped, starts to sow after the seed of 60-70% reveals bud；
(2) nursery: using 72 hole hole trays or 32 empty hole plate seedling growths, it is packed into the cultivation matrix in hole tray, is after planting used again
The cultivation matrix covering carries out nursery, and the distance on edge is 1-2cm on every hole to hole tray；
(3) transplant planting: carrying out transplant planting at seedling age 40-50 days, the flowerpot depth of potting leek is moved in 15cm or more
Flowerpot is packed on cultivation matrix to flowerpot along 3-8cm before planting, the leek seedling cultivated in hole tray is whole as unit of every hole
It is transplanted in flowerpot；
(4) it harvests: starting to harvest for the first time after transplant planting 35-40 days, then primary every harvesting in 18-20 days, harvesting 2
An organic fertilizer 10-15g is supplemented after secondary, harvesting carried out changing seedling after 1 year, repeated vernalization, nursery and transplant planting work.
Preferably, when hole plate seedling growth, the water content control of cultivation matrix is sprayed water 1 time daily in 75-85% before emerging,
At 20-25 DEG C, nocturnal temperature is controlled at 10-15 DEG C for day temperature control；Day temperature control is at 20-25 DEG C after emerging, night
Between temperature control at 10-13 DEG C, cultivation matrix see it is dry see wet, air humidity is controlled in 40-60%.
Further, the seed after 7 dew buds is sowed in the every hole of 72 hole hole trays, is at least guaranteed 5 and is survived, the hole tray in 32 holes is every
The seed after 14 dew buds is sowed in hole, is at least guaranteed 10 and is survived.
It is highly preferred that the pitch-row that institute's culturing and transplanting seedlings are colonized in 72 hole hole trays is 7-9cm, line-spacing 15-17cm；32 hole hole trays
The pitch-row 11-13cm of institute's culturing and transplanting seedlings field planting, line-spacing 15-17cm, the pitch-row are the distance between every two hole center.
Under normal circumstances, serious using will not generally occur in cultivation matrix planting pot leek 1 year of this method preparation
Pest and disease damage, once occur disease can take garlic aqueous solution (the garlic aqueous solution be to smash garlic to pieces after by its
It is obtained by mixing with water according to the mass ratio of 1:20) tentatively prevented and treated, 1% nimbin water is also an option that when if can not prevent and treat
600-700 times of liquid of agent or 1% 600-700 times of liquid of kuh-seng aqua carry out sprinkling processing.
It should be noted that rural area frozen soil of the present invention, is the seasonal frozen ground in common rural area, that is, soil temperature
Degree is within the time of half a month to several months, and temperature is in zero degrees celsius hereinafter, and the soil containing ice.
Decomposed manure of the present invention can be common fermentation farmyard manure, can also be made of following methods
Form: beans, shelled peanut, melon seeds, the castor-oil plant that cannot eat by mould moth pick left dish leaf, beans shell, melon and fruit peel and expired
The raw materials such as rotten milk powder are broken into pieces well-done, and common rural area soil mixes according to mass ratio 1:1, and then plus water mixes pureed, then uses
Plastic film seals fermentation maturity.
Biological organic fertilizer of the present invention, organic fertilizer belong to the product of commercialization, are purchased from market.
The invention has the benefit that
Cultivation matrix of the invention, which is rich in, grows advantageous microorganism beneficial bacterium group to leek, and nutrient is comprehensive, is suitable for being in
Front yard balcony carries out potting using containers such as flowerpots.
Rural area frozen soil is used in cultivation matrix of the invention, rather than uses common rural area soil, passes through Experimental comparison
It was found that the effect of rural area frozen soil is preferable than the leek growing way of non-rural area frozen soil, and harvesting number is more every year, and yield is higher,
It has been experimentally confirmed rural area frozen soil and has played unexpected technical effect to the output increased of leek.
And the present invention also passes through addition probiotics and is compared with the leek for being not added with probiotics, the results showed that, it plants
Addition probiotics can effectively improve the yield of leek in training matrix.And the present invention also passes through experiment and has obtained optimal benefit
Raw bacterial content reduces the cost waste of excessive addition probiotics while playing better effects.
Also, the present invention is also added to castor leaf in the cultivation matrix of leek, after addition castor leaf is found through experiments that
The generation of the subterranean pest-insects such as bradysia odoriphaga can effectively be reduced, it is seen that the present invention, which adds castor leaf, reduces the underground pests of leek,
So as to reduce the usage amount of pesticide, and improve yield.
The cultivation medium formula that the present invention uses is the optimum formula that applicant passes through that test of many times is drawn, this cultivation base
Rationally, pest and disease damage is few for matter formula, and leek yield is high, and quality is good.
Cultural method of the invention improves the quality and quality of leek by using various aggregate measures, and various measures are equal
It is while guaranteeing leek yield, to reduce the generation of pest and disease damage for preferably selecting of working it out of leek.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is leek growing way comparison diagram before the present invention is gathered in using different rural area soils the 17th time；
Fig. 2 is to be not added with potting leek growing way figure before the 20th harvesting of probiotics cultivation matrix；
Fig. 3 is the preceding potting leek growing way figure of the 20th harvesting for adding probiotics cultivation matrix；
There is bradysia odoriphaga situation map when being the 16th harvesting of the cultivation matrix without castor leaf in Fig. 4.
Specific embodiment
The specific embodiment that the present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to accompanying drawings.Although being shown in attached drawing of the invention
Specific embodiment, it being understood, however, that may be realized in various forms the present invention without that should be limited by embodiments set forth here
System.It is to be able to thoroughly understand the present invention on the contrary, providing these embodiments, and can be complete by the scope of the present invention
Be communicated to those skilled in the art.
"comprising" or " comprising " as mentioned throughout the specification and claims are an open language, therefore are answered
It is construed to " including but not limited to ".Specification subsequent descriptions are to implement better embodiment of the invention, and so description is
For the purpose of the rule of specification, the range that is not intended to limit the invention.Protection scope of the present invention is when the appended power of view
Benefit requires subject to institute's defender.
If various reagents of the present invention and material are purchased from market without specified otherwise.
Embodiment 1
A kind of preparation method of potting leek cultivation matrix, includes the following steps:
(1) by 2 parts by volume rural area frozen soil, 1 parts by volume decomposed manure, 2 parts by volume turfy soils, 1 parts by volume vermiculite, 2 bodies
Product part is mixed and stirred for uniformly, and 0.3% liquor potassic permanganate is constantly sprayed in whipping process, so that it is fully absorbed moisture, directly
To saturation；
(2) it is covered tightly after having sprayed liquor potassic permanganate with plastic foil, adds 1 parts by volume biology according to volume parts after a week
(content of organic matter > 70%, is not less than 2 × 10 beneficial to bacterial content to organic fertilizer in selected biological organic fertilizer9A/g, N-P2O5-
K2O=2-3-5, total content > 10%), and the microbial bacterial agent is sprayed, then stir evenly to obtain Nutrition Soil；It is used
In the microbial bacterial agent include bacillus subtilis, bacillus megaterium, bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Paenibacillus polymyxa,
Photosynthetic bacteria microorganism probiotic, and the microorganism probiotic content is not less than 10000/g after measured；
(3) it is mixed evenly again mixed with the Nutrition Soil of step (2) after mixing evenly after castor leaf being shone dry grinding
Close object；
(4) mixture then obtained to step (3) is dried, and sieving is carried out after dry and is handled up to the cultivation of potting leek
Train matrix.
Through detecting, obtained cultivation matrix water content be 50-60%, total porosity 60-80%, the content of organic matter >
30%.
Embodiment 2
A kind of cultural method of potting leek, the cultural method include the following steps:
(1) vernalization: the warm water that seed is put into 40 DEG C was impregnated into diel in sowing first 4 days, is then bound up with gauze with clean
Vernalization at a temperature of being placed in 16 DEG C starts to sow after 70% seed dew bud；
(2) nursery: using 72 hole hole trays, and every hole sows the seed after 7 dew buds, is packed into the cultivation matrix in hole tray,
Nursery after planting is carried out with cultivation matrix covering again, the distance on edge is 1-2cm on every hole to hole tray；When hole plate seedling growth, out
The water content control of cultivation matrix is in 75-85% before seedling, water spray 1 time daily, and day temperature control is at 20-25 DEG C, night temperature
Degree control is at 10-15 DEG C；Day temperature control is at 20-25 DEG C after emerging, and nocturnal temperature control is at 10-13 DEG C, cultivation matrix
See it is dry see it is wet, air humidity control in 40-60%；
(3) transplant planting: carrying out transplant planting at seedling age 40 days, the pitch-row of transplant planting is 7-9cm, line-spacing 15-
17cm；Flowerpot is packed on cultivation matrix to flowerpot along 3-8cm by the flowerpot depth of potting leek before 15cm or more, transplanting,
The leek seedling cultivated in hole tray is integrally transplanted in flowerpot as unit of every hole；
(4) it harvests: starting to harvest for the first time after transplant planting 40 days, it is then primary every harvesting in 18 days, it is mended after harvesting 2 times
An organic fertilizer 15g is filled, harvesting carried out changing seedling after 1 year, repeated vernalization, nursery and transplant planting work；
(5) prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control: under normal circumstances, using in cultivation matrix planting pot leek 1 year of this method preparation one
As serious pest and disease damage will not occur, once occur disease can take garlic aqueous solution (the garlic aqueous solution be by
Itself and water are obtained by mixing by garlic after smashing to pieces according to the mass ratio of 1:20) tentatively prevented and treated, if can also be selected when can not prevent and treat
It selects 1% 600-700 times of liquid of nimbin aqua or 1% 600-700 times of liquid of kuh-seng aqua carries out sprinkling processing.
Embodiment 3
A kind of cultural method of potting leek, the cultural method include the following steps:
(1) vernalization: the warm water that seed is put into 40 DEG C was impregnated into diel in sowing first 5 days, is then bound up with gauze with clean
Vernalization at a temperature of being placed in 20 DEG C starts to sow after 70% seed dew bud；
(2) nursery: using 32 empty hole plate seedling growths, the seed after 14 dew buds is sowed in every hole, is packed into the cultivation in hole tray
Matrix after planting carries out nursery with cultivation matrix covering again, and the distance on edge is 1-2cm on every hole to hole tray；Hole plate seedling growth
When, the water content control of cultivation matrix is in 75-85% before emerging, water spray 1 time daily, and day temperature control is at 20-25 DEG C, night
Between temperature control at 10-15 DEG C；At 20-25 DEG C, nocturnal temperature controls the cultivation at 10-13 DEG C for day temperature control after emerging
Matrix see it is dry see it is wet, air humidity control in 40-60%；
(3) transplant planting, the pitch-row 11-13cm, line-spacing 15- of transplantation of seedlings field planting transplant planting: are carried out at seedling age 50 days
Flowerpot is packed on cultivation matrix to flowerpot along 3-8cm by 17cm, the flowerpot depth of potting leek before 15cm or more, transplanting,
The leek seedling cultivated in hole tray is integrally transplanted in flowerpot as unit of every hole；
(4) it harvests: starting to harvest for the first time after transplant planting 35 days, it is then primary every harvesting in 20 days, it is mended after harvesting 2 times
An organic fertilizer 10g is filled, harvesting carried out changing seedling after 1 year, repeated vernalization, nursery and transplant planting work.
(5) prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control: under normal circumstances, using in cultivation matrix planting pot leek 1 year of this method preparation one
As serious pest and disease damage will not occur, once occur disease can take garlic aqueous solution (the garlic aqueous solution be by
Itself and water are obtained by mixing by garlic after smashing to pieces according to the mass ratio of 1:20) tentatively prevented and treated, if can also be selected when can not prevent and treat
It selects 1% 600-700 times of liquid of nimbin aqua or 1% 600-700 times of liquid of kuh-seng aqua carries out sprinkling processing.
Embodiment 4
A kind of cultural method of potting leek, the cultural method include the following steps:
(1) vernalization: the warm water that seed is put into 40 DEG C was impregnated into diel in sowing first 4 days, is then bound up with gauze with clean
Vernalization at a temperature of being placed in 18 DEG C starts to sow after 70% seed dew bud；
(2) nursery: using 72 hole hole trays, and every hole sows the seed after 7 dew buds, is packed into the cultivation matrix in hole tray,
Nursery after planting is carried out with cultivation matrix covering again, the distance on edge is 1-2cm on every hole to hole tray；When hole plate seedling growth, out
The water content control of cultivation matrix is in 75-85% before seedling, water spray 1 time daily, and day temperature control is at 20-25 DEG C, night temperature
Degree control is at 10-15 DEG C；Day temperature control is at 20-25 DEG C after emerging, and nocturnal temperature control is at 10-13 DEG C, cultivation matrix
See it is dry see it is wet, air humidity control in 40-60%；
(3) transplant planting: carrying out transplant planting at seedling age 45 days, the pitch-row of transplant planting is 7-9cm, line-spacing 15-
17cm；Flowerpot is packed on cultivation matrix to flowerpot along 3-8cm by the flowerpot depth of potting leek before 15cm or more, transplanting,
The leek seedling cultivated in hole tray is integrally transplanted in flowerpot as unit of every hole；
(4) it harvests: starting to harvest for the first time after transplant planting 35-40 days, then primary every harvesting in 18-20 days, harvesting 2
An organic fertilizer 10-15g is supplemented after secondary, harvesting carried out changing seedling after 1 year, repeated vernalization, nursery and transplant planting work.
(5) prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control: once generation disease can take garlic aqueous solution, (the garlic aqueous solution is will be big
Itself and water are obtained by mixing by garlic after smashing to pieces according to the mass ratio of 1:20) tentatively prevented and treated, it is also an option that when if can not prevent and treat
1% 600-700 times of liquid of nimbin aqua or 1% 600-700 times of liquid of kuh-seng aqua carry out sprinkling processing.
In order to prove beneficial effects of the present invention, applicant has also carried out following test, specific as follows:
Test 1 uses the comparative experiments of rural area frozen soil and non-rural area frozen soil
Other cultivation medium formula ingredients and cultivation condition under the same conditions, using rural area frozen soil and common non-rural area
The cultivation matrix of frozen soil plants each 3 basin of leek, and flowerpot length is respectively 35cm, 20cm, 15cm, can be received to leek
The yield (average value that measured result is 3 basin yield) of each basin leek is measured when cutting, then measurement is every gathers in leek twice
When interval number of days and calculate the interval number of days that averagely gathers in 1 year, and gathering in 5 times, 10 times, 15 times, 16 times, 17 times, 18
It is secondary, 19 times, 20 leek measure the leek yield harvested every time later, be specifically shown in Table 1.And the growing way of two kinds of leek is carried out
Comparison, wherein Fig. 1 is shown in the growing way comparison of the 17th harvesting first two leek, and left side is using the cultivation of non-rural area frozen soil in figure
Train the leek that matrix is cultivated, right side be using the leek of the cultivation matrix cultivation of rural area frozen soil of the present invention, can be with from comparison diagram
Find out, obviously to be got well using the leek growing way that the cultivation matrix of rural area frozen soil of the present invention is cultivated.
Table 1 uses the cultivation matrix leek yield comparison of rural area frozen soil and non-rural area frozen soil
| Measure yield and number | It is prepared using non-rural area frozen soil | It is prepared using rural area frozen soil |
| Yield (g) when the 1st harvesting | 200.4 | 199.8 |
| Yield (g) when the 5th is gathered in | 352.9 | 369.8 |
| Yield (g) when the 10th harvesting | 381.7 | 402.4 |
| Yield (g) when the 15th harvesting | 325.9 | 452.3 |
| Yield (g) when the 16th harvesting | 316.6 | 455.1 |
| Yield (g) when the 17th harvesting | 287.5 | 450.7 |
| Yield (g) when the 18th harvesting | 276.2 | 457.1 |
| Yield (g) when the 19th harvesting | 257.7 | 456.9 |
| Yield (g) when the 20th harvesting | 256.1 | 456.2 |
From the comparison of table 1 as can be seen that carrying out the preparation of potting leek cultivation matrix using rural area frozen soil and using non-field
The preparation that garden frozen soil carries out cultivation matrix has no significant difference in yield of the cultivation initial stage to leek, is prepared using non-rural area frozen soil
Cultivation matrix in the 10th harvesting, yield reaches maximum value when leek, begin to decline thereafter, to when 19 times and 20 times harvestings
Stablize between 256-257g；The cultivation matrix potting leek prepared using rural area frozen soil stable yield after harvesting 15 times is existed
450g or more is used in addition, the leek for the cultivation matrix cultivation for using rural area frozen soil to prepare gathers in interval number of days averagely as 18 days
The average harvesting interval number of days of non-rural area frozen soil is the potting leek cultivation base prepared in 20 days, 1 year using rural area frozen soil
The leek that matter is planted can be than more harvestings 2 times of the non-rural area frozen soil of use, and further illustrating can be promoted using rural area frozen soil
The growth of potting leek.
Test the difference experiment of related prebiotic bacterial content in 2 biological organic fertilizers
Other cultivation medium formula ingredients and cultivation condition under the same conditions, using in biological organic fertilizer containing correlation
The organic fertilizer of probiotics and same organic fertilizer but each 3 basin of leek is planted after inactivating to probiotics respectively, flowerpot is circle
Bore is 45cm in shape, and lower relative aperture 38cm, high 35cm measure the yield of each basin leek, so when leek can be gathered in
It is measured afterwards per interval number of days when gathering in leek twice and calculates the interval number of days averagely gathered in 1 year, and gathering in 5 times, 10
It is secondary, 15 times, 16 times, 17 times, 18 times, 19 times, 20 leek measure the leek yield harvested every time later.Specific comparing result is shown in
Table 2.And its growing way is compared, wherein the leek growing way without probiotics, profitable probliotics is shown in figure respectively before gathering in for the 20th time
2, Fig. 3, from the comparison of Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 as can be seen that the growing way of Fig. 3 is obviously better than Fig. 2.
2 profitable probliotics of table and influence of the biological organic fertilizer to leek yield without probiotics
| Measure yield and number | Without probiotics | Profitable probliotics |
| Yield (g) when the 1st harvesting | 400.3 | 402.1 |
| Yield (g) when the 5th is gathered in | 402.7 | 495.6 |
| Yield (g) when the 10th harvesting | 401.2 | 602.8 |
| Yield (g) when the 15th harvesting | 403.7 | 692.2 |
| Yield (g) when the 16th harvesting | 401.4 | 735.2 |
| Yield (g) when the 17th harvesting | 399.9 | 849.3 |
| Yield (g) when the 18th harvesting | 401.3 | 907.9 |
| Yield (g) when the 19th harvesting | 401.7 | 906.3 |
| Yield (g) when the 20th harvesting | 401.4 | 908.4 |
And it can be seen that the cultivation matrix potting leek without profitable probliotics was gathered in every time from the comparing result of table 2
Yield comparison is stablized, between 399.9g-403.7g；The yield that cultivation matrix potting leek containing profitable probliotics is gathered in every time is
Ever-increasing, from the 18th harvesting to the 20th harvesting stable yield in 907g or so, the two comparison is it can be found that contain
The cultivation matrix potting leek of probiotics can significantly improve the yield of harvesting leek every time, the figure before the two the 20th time harvesting
Piece compares the difference this it appears that the two growing way, this illustrates growth of the probiotic formulation of the present invention for leek
It is to have to be obviously promoted effect.
Experiment 3 is about the screening test using probiotic concentration
The cultivation matrix prepared using biological organic fertilizer and microbial bacterial agent, makes to contain in its every gram cultivation matrix prebiotic
Bacteria concentration gradient be >=1000/g, >=2000/g, >=4000/g, >=6000/g, >=8000/g, >=10000/
>=12000 g ,/g, >=14000/g, >=16000/g, each concentration cultivate 3 basins, and flowerpot is that bore is 45cm in circle,
Lower relative aperture 38cm, high 35cm, then measure the yield of each basin leek when leek can be gathered in, and then measurement is per twice
Interval number of days when gathering in leek simultaneously calculates the interval number of days that averagely gathers in 1 year, and in harvesting 5 times, 10 times, 15 times, 16
It is secondary, 17 times, 18 times, 19 times, 20 leek measure the leek yield harvested every time later.
Influence of the different prebiotic bacterial contents to leek yield in 3 cultivation matrix of table
By the comparing result of table 3 to find out, when probiotic concentration >=10000/g, >=12000/g, >=14000
When a/g, >=16000/g, the volume variance of their potting leek is unobvious, so we select the benefit of >=10000/g
Raw bacteria concentration.
Experiment 4 contains castor leaf and subterranean pest-insect comparative situation after the cultivation matrix cultivation leek without castor leaf
Other cultivation medium formula ingredients and cultivation condition under the same conditions, using the cultivation containing castor-oil plant leaf composition
Matrix and cultivation matrix without containing castor-oil plant leaf composition cultivate 3 basin leek respectively, and flowerpot is that bore is 45cm, lower relative aperture in circle
38cm, high 35cm, and observed in flowerpot after harvesting 5 times, 10 times, 15 times, 16 times, 17 times, 18 times, 19 times, 20 leek
Whether there is or not the subterranean pest-insects situations such as bradysia odoriphaga for leek.
After harvesting 15 times, there is bradysia odoriphaga danger without containing the potting leek that the cultivation matrix of castor-oil plant leaf composition is cultivated in discovery
Evil symptom, has found bradysia odoriphaga in the 16th harvesting, as shown in Figure 4.
In the potting leek of the cultivation matrix cultivation containing castor-oil plant leaf composition, still without finding bradysia odoriphaga when the 20th harvesting
Equal subterranean pest-insects, also without the symptom of discovery pest damage leek.
Show that castor leaf can effectively prevent infringement of the subterranean pest-insects such as bradysia odoriphaga to leek by contrast and experiment, this
Castor leaf is added to prevent and treat leek subterranean pest-insect be suitable in cultivation matrix.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, all in essence of the invention
Made any modification, equivalent replacement and simple modifications etc., should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention in content.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of potting leek cultivation matrix, which is characterized in that the cultivation matrix includes the raw material of following volumes number: rural area
2 parts of frozen soil, 1 part of decomposed manure, 1 part of biological organic fertilizer, 2 parts of turfy soil, 1 part of vermiculite, 2 parts of plant ash and 1 part of castor leaf；Institute
Stating cultivation matrix further includes microbial bacterial agent, and the microbial bacterial agent includes bacillus subtilis, bacillus megaterium, solution starch
Bacillus, Paenibacillus polymyxa, photosynthetic bacteria microorganism probiotic, and microorganism probiotic described in every gram of cultivation matrix
Content is not less than 10000；The content of organic matter > 70% in the biological organic fertilizer is not less than 2 × 10 beneficial to bacterial content9A/g,
N-P2O5-K2O=2-3-5, N, P, K total content > 10%.
2. potting leek cultivation matrix according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the cultivation matrix water content is 50-
60%, total porosity 60-80%, the content of organic matter > 30%.
3. the preparation method of potting leek cultivation matrix according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the preparation method packet
Include following steps:
(1) the rural area frozen soil, decomposed manure, turfy soil, vermiculite, plant ash are mixed and stirred for according to the volume parts
Uniformly, the liquor potassic permanganate that 0.3% is constantly sprayed in whipping process, makes it fully absorb moisture, until saturation；
(2) it is covered tightly after having sprayed liquor potassic permanganate with plastic foil, adds biological organic fertilizer according to volume parts after a week, and spray
The microbial bacterial agent is spilt, Nutrition Soil is then stirred evenly to obtain；
(3) mixture will be mixed evenly again to obtain with the Nutrition Soil of step (2) after mixing evenly after castor leaf solarization dry grinding；
(4) mixture then obtained to step (3) is dried, and sieving is carried out after dry and is handled up to potting leek cultivation base
Matter.
4. utilizing the method for the cultivation potting leek of potting leek cultivation matrix described in as claimed in claim 1 or 22, which is characterized in that institute
The method of stating includes the following steps:
(1) vernalization: the warm water that seed is put into 40-45 DEG C was impregnated into diel in 4-5 days before sowing, is then bound up with gauze with clean
Vernalization at a temperature of being placed in 16-20 DEG C starts to sow after the seed of 60-70% reveals bud；
(2) nursery: using 72 hole hole trays or 32 empty hole plate seedling growths, it is packed into the cultivation matrix in hole tray, after planting again with described
Cultivation matrix covering carries out nursery, and the distance on edge is 1-2cm on every hole to hole tray；
(3) transplant planting: transplant planting is carried out at seedling age 40-50 days, the flowerpot depth of potting leek is before 15cm or more, transplanting
Flowerpot is packed on cultivation matrix to flowerpot along 3-8cm, the leek seedling cultivated in hole tray is integrally transplanted as unit of every hole
Into flowerpot；
(4) it harvests: starting to harvest for the first time after transplant planting 35-40 days, it is then primary every harvesting in 18-20 days, after harvesting 2 times
An organic fertilizer 10-15g is supplemented, harvesting carried out changing seedling after 1 year, repeated vernalization, nursery and transplant planting work.
5. according to the method described in claim 4, it is characterized in that, when hole plate seedling growth, the water content of cultivation matrix before emerging
Control is in 75-85%, and water spray 1 time daily, at 20-25 DEG C, nocturnal temperature is controlled at 10-15 DEG C for day temperature control；Emergence with
Day temperature control is at 20-25 DEG C afterwards, nocturnal temperature control at 10-13 DEG C, cultivation matrix see it is dry see wet, air humidity control exists
40-60%.
6. according to the method described in claim 4, it is characterized in that, the seed after 7 dew buds, 32 holes are sowed in the every hole of 72 hole hole trays
The every hole of hole tray sow the seeds after 14 dew buds.
7. the cultural method of potting leek according to claim 4, which is characterized in that institute's culturing and transplanting seedlings are colonized in 72 hole hole trays
Pitch-row be 7-9cm, line-spacing 15-17cm；Pitch-row 11-13cm, the line-spacing 15-17cm of 32 hole hole tray institute's culturing and transplanting seedlings field planting,
The pitch-row is the distance between every two hole center.
8. the cultural method of potting leek according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the cultural method further includes pest and disease damage
Prevention and treatment: when finding leek diseases and insect pests, taking garlic aqueous solution tentatively to be prevented and treated, if selecting 1% print chinaberry when can not prevent and treat
600-700 times of liquid of plain aqua or 1% 600-700 times of liquid of kuh-seng aqua carry out sprinkling processing.
9. the cultural method of potting leek according to claim 8, which is characterized in that the garlic aqueous solution is to smash garlic
Itself and water are obtained by mixing according to the mass ratio of 1:20 after broken.
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| CN107691159A (en) * | 2017-11-20 | 2018-02-16 | 江苏省农业科学院 | A kind of potted plant sweet potato cultivation method |
| CN107750881A (en) * | 2017-11-24 | 2018-03-06 | 丹寨县黔丹硒业有限责任公司 | A kind of cultural method of Radix Folium Allii tuberosi |
| CN108668804A (en) * | 2018-04-26 | 2018-10-19 | 湖南省绿之优生态农业科技有限公司 | A kind of potting ice dish cultural method |
| CN110249948A (en) * | 2019-07-31 | 2019-09-20 | 贾臻 | A kind of novel leek implantation methods |
| CN111699958A (en) * | 2020-07-06 | 2020-09-25 | 天津爱民网络科技有限公司 | Seedbed tide type soilless culture method for potted leaf vegetables |
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