NO317504B1 - Emulgert brennstoff og fremgangsmate for fremstilling derav, samt additivblanding for brennstoff. - Google Patents
Emulgert brennstoff og fremgangsmate for fremstilling derav, samt additivblanding for brennstoff. Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- NO317504B1 NO317504B1 NO19984254A NO984254A NO317504B1 NO 317504 B1 NO317504 B1 NO 317504B1 NO 19984254 A NO19984254 A NO 19984254A NO 984254 A NO984254 A NO 984254A NO 317504 B1 NO317504 B1 NO 317504B1
- Authority
- NO
- Norway
- Prior art keywords
- weight
- fuel
- emulsion
- equal
- parts
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 109
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims description 64
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 19
- 239000002816 fuel additive Substances 0.000 title 1
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 111
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- -1 sorbitol ester Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 230000001804 emulsifying effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N D-Glucitol Natural products OC[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000000600 sorbitol Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000004945 emulsification Methods 0.000 claims description 38
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 17
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 15
- SNQQPOLDUKLAAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonylphenol Polymers CCCCCCCCCC1=CC=CC=C1O SNQQPOLDUKLAAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000005194 fractionation Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 10
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 9
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical group 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- JNYAEWCLZODPBN-JGWLITMVSA-N (2r,3r,4s)-2-[(1r)-1,2-dihydroxyethyl]oxolane-3,4-diol Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@H]1OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1O JNYAEWCLZODPBN-JGWLITMVSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000008158 vegetable oil Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N Ascorbic acid Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004071 soot Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- CUNWUEBNSZSNRX-RKGWDQTMSA-N (2r,3r,4r,5s)-hexane-1,2,3,4,5,6-hexol;(z)-octadec-9-enoic acid Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO.OC[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO.CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O.CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O.CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O CUNWUEBNSZSNRX-RKGWDQTMSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010775 animal oil Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003139 biocide Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003599 detergent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007798 antifreeze agent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene oxide Chemical group C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000844 anti-bacterial effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002528 anti-freeze Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003115 biocidal effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000002823 nitrates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 229960005078 sorbitan sesquioleate Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000015112 vegetable and seed oil Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003899 bactericide agent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium atom Chemical compound [Ba] DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- ZMIGMASIKSOYAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium Chemical compound [Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce] ZMIGMASIKSOYAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002334 glycols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002978 peroxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007762 w/o emulsion Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000003837 (C1-C20) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims 2
- 125000000008 (C1-C10) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- CJZGTCYPCWQAJB-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium stearate Chemical class [Ca+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O CJZGTCYPCWQAJB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002283 diesel fuel Substances 0.000 description 36
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 24
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 18
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 13
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric oxide Chemical compound O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000003981 vehicle Substances 0.000 description 12
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 10
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 10
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000008346 aqueous phase Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 7
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 6
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000012512 characterization method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 5
- HVUMOYIDDBPOLL-XWVZOOPGSA-N Sorbitan monostearate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@@H](O)[C@H]1OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1O HVUMOYIDDBPOLL-XWVZOOPGSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004581 coalescence Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229920000847 nonoxynol Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 4
- MUHFRORXWCGZGE-KTKRTIGZSA-N 2-hydroxyethyl (z)-octadec-9-enoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(=O)OCCO MUHFRORXWCGZGE-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 3
- IGFHQQFPSIBGKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nonylphenol Natural products CCCCCCCCCC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 IGFHQQFPSIBGKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000036961 partial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003209 petroleum derivative Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005191 phase separation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- ZORQXIQZAOLNGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-difluorocyclohexane Chemical compound FC1(F)CCCCC1 ZORQXIQZAOLNGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- AFFLGGQVNFXPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-decene Chemical compound CCCCCCCCC=C AFFLGGQVNFXPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IEORSVTYLWZQJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-nonylphenoxy)ethanol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC1=CC=CC=C1OCCO IEORSVTYLWZQJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NWGKJDSIEKMTRX-AAZCQSIUSA-N Sorbitan monooleate Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@@H](O)[C@H]1OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1O NWGKJDSIEKMTRX-AAZCQSIUSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- LQZZUXJYWNFBMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCO LQZZUXJYWNFBMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003502 gasoline Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 description 2
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000011017 operating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000879 optical micrograph Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920001515 polyalkylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000001593 sorbitan monooleate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000011069 sorbitan monooleate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229940035049 sorbitan monooleate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 229950004959 sorbitan oleate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000930 thermomechanical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- WECIKJKLCDCIMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-chloro-n-(2-cyanoethyl)acetamide Chemical compound ClCC(=O)NCCC#N WECIKJKLCDCIMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RFVNOJDQRGSOEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-hydroxyethyl octadecanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCCO RFVNOJDQRGSOEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 240000002791 Brassica napus Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000004977 Brassica sinapistrum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004129 EU approved improving agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- PVNIQBQSYATKKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerol trihexadecanoate Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)COC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC PVNIQBQSYATKKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019484 Rapeseed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- IYFATESGLOUGBX-YVNJGZBMSA-N Sorbitan monopalmitate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@@H](O)[C@H]1OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1O IYFATESGLOUGBX-YVNJGZBMSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000021355 Stearic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000019486 Sunflower oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NWGKJDSIEKMTRX-BFWOXRRGSA-N [(2r)-2-[(3r,4s)-3,4-dihydroxyoxolan-2-yl]-2-hydroxyethyl] (z)-octadec-9-enoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@@H](O)C1OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1O NWGKJDSIEKMTRX-BFWOXRRGSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000004996 alkyl benzenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 1
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 210000004534 cecum Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000005690 diesters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCO MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001301 ethoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])O* 0.000 description 1
- 238000011066 ex-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013213 extrapolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012052 hydrophilic carrier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010191 image analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003350 kerosene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000000867 larynx Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940049918 linoleate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 1
- VHWYCFISAQVCCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N methoxymethanol Chemical compound COCO VHWYCFISAQVCCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000004702 methyl esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000001000 micrograph Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940051841 polyoxyethylene ether Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229920000056 polyoxyethylene ether Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000135 prohibitive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- WBHHMMIMDMUBKC-QJWNTBNXSA-M ricinoleate Chemical compound CCCCCC[C@@H](O)C\C=C/CCCCCCCC([O-])=O WBHHMMIMDMUBKC-QJWNTBNXSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229940066675 ricinoleate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000011067 sorbitan monolaureate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229950003429 sorbitan palmitate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229950011392 sorbitan stearate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000012424 soybean oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000013112 stability test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002600 sunflower oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006228 supernatant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000005691 triesters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
- XOOUIPVCVHRTMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc stearate Chemical class [Zn+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O XOOUIPVCVHRTMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000004711 α-olefin Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/32—Liquid carbonaceous fuels consisting of coal-oil suspensions or aqueous emulsions or oil emulsions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/32—Liquid carbonaceous fuels consisting of coal-oil suspensions or aqueous emulsions or oil emulsions
- C10L1/328—Oil emulsions containing water or any other hydrophilic phase
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Liquid Carbonaceous Fuels (AREA)
- Colloid Chemistry (AREA)
- Seeds, Soups, And Other Foods (AREA)
- Solid Fuels And Fuel-Associated Substances (AREA)
- Emulsifying, Dispersing, Foam-Producing Or Wetting Agents (AREA)
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR9603547A FR2746106B1 (fr) | 1996-03-15 | 1996-03-15 | Combustible emulsionne et l'un de ses procedes d'obtention |
| PCT/FR1997/000475 WO1997034969A1 (fr) | 1996-03-15 | 1997-03-17 | Combustible emulsionne et l'un de ses procedes d'obtention |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| NO984254D0 NO984254D0 (no) | 1998-09-14 |
| NO984254L NO984254L (no) | 1998-11-16 |
| NO317504B1 true NO317504B1 (no) | 2004-11-08 |
Family
ID=9490411
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| NO19984254A NO317504B1 (no) | 1996-03-15 | 1998-09-14 | Emulgert brennstoff og fremgangsmate for fremstilling derav, samt additivblanding for brennstoff. |
Country Status (22)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US6068670A (zh) |
| EP (1) | EP0888421B1 (zh) |
| JP (1) | JP3236024B2 (zh) |
| KR (1) | KR100416119B1 (zh) |
| CN (1) | CN1089364C (zh) |
| AT (1) | ATE184639T1 (zh) |
| AU (1) | AU711348B2 (zh) |
| BR (1) | BR9708074A (zh) |
| CA (1) | CA2248631C (zh) |
| CZ (1) | CZ294200B6 (zh) |
| DE (1) | DE69700529T2 (zh) |
| ES (1) | ES2140968T3 (zh) |
| FR (1) | FR2746106B1 (zh) |
| GR (1) | GR3032123T3 (zh) |
| HK (1) | HK1019614A1 (zh) |
| NO (1) | NO317504B1 (zh) |
| NZ (1) | NZ331828A (zh) |
| PL (1) | PL188448B1 (zh) |
| RU (1) | RU2167920C2 (zh) |
| TR (1) | TR199801826T2 (zh) |
| UA (1) | UA56158C2 (zh) |
| WO (1) | WO1997034969A1 (zh) |
Families Citing this family (69)
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| US6284806B1 (en) | 1997-09-12 | 2001-09-04 | Exxon Research And Engineering Company | Water emulsions of Fischer-Tropsch waxes |
| JP2002508434A (ja) | 1997-12-12 | 2002-03-19 | キャタピラー インコーポレイテッド | 定発熱量水性燃料混合物およびその調合方法 |
| ES2140350B1 (es) * | 1998-06-30 | 2000-11-16 | I Feliu Tomas Coll | Un aditivo para realizar emulsiones estables de agua con aceites o grasas en forma de emulsiones o carburantes y utilizacion de dicho aditivo. |
| US6383237B1 (en) | 1999-07-07 | 2002-05-07 | Deborah A. Langer | Process and apparatus for making aqueous hydrocarbon fuel compositions, and aqueous hydrocarbon fuel compositions |
| US6368367B1 (en) | 1999-07-07 | 2002-04-09 | The Lubrizol Corporation | Process and apparatus for making aqueous hydrocarbon fuel compositions, and aqueous hydrocarbon fuel composition |
| US6648929B1 (en) | 1998-09-14 | 2003-11-18 | The Lubrizol Corporation | Emulsified water-blended fuel compositions |
| US6368366B1 (en) * | 1999-07-07 | 2002-04-09 | The Lubrizol Corporation | Process and apparatus for making aqueous hydrocarbon fuel compositions, and aqueous hydrocarbon fuel composition |
| US20060048443A1 (en) * | 1998-09-14 | 2006-03-09 | Filippini Brian B | Emulsified water-blended fuel compositions |
| FR2786780B1 (fr) * | 1998-12-08 | 2001-03-02 | Elf Antar France | Procede de preparation d'un combustible emulsionne et son dispositif de mise en oeuvre |
| US6530964B2 (en) * | 1999-07-07 | 2003-03-11 | The Lubrizol Corporation | Continuous process for making an aqueous hydrocarbon fuel |
| US6419714B2 (en) | 1999-07-07 | 2002-07-16 | The Lubrizol Corporation | Emulsifier for an acqueous hydrocarbon fuel |
| US6652607B2 (en) | 1999-07-07 | 2003-11-25 | The Lubrizol Corporation | Concentrated emulsion for making an aqueous hydrocarbon fuel |
| IT1314228B1 (it) * | 1999-11-16 | 2002-12-06 | Ernesto Marelli | Carburante per motori diesel in forma di microemulsione e procedimentoper preparare lo stesso. |
| FR2802941B1 (fr) * | 1999-12-23 | 2002-04-05 | Elf Antar France | Combustible emulsionne stable en temperature |
| MXPA02006803A (es) | 2000-01-12 | 2004-04-05 | Cam Tecnologie S P A | Combustible que comprende una emulsion entre agua y un hidrocarburo liquido. |
| DE10003105A1 (de) | 2000-01-25 | 2001-07-26 | Basf Ag | Kraftstoff-Wasser-Emulsionen, enthaltend Emulgatoren auf Polyisobuten-Basis |
| US6606856B1 (en) | 2000-03-03 | 2003-08-19 | The Lubrizol Corporation | Process for reducing pollutants from the exhaust of a diesel engine |
| US7276093B1 (en) | 2000-05-05 | 2007-10-02 | Inievep, S.A. | Water in hydrocarbon emulsion useful as low emission fuel and method for forming same |
| US20030084658A1 (en) | 2000-06-20 | 2003-05-08 | Brown Kevin F | Process for reducing pollutants from the exhaust of a diesel engine using a water diesel fuel in combination with exhaust after-treatments |
| GB0029675D0 (en) | 2000-12-06 | 2001-01-17 | Bp Oil Int | Emulsion |
| EP1419225B1 (en) * | 2001-07-09 | 2006-09-13 | Pirelli & C. Ambiente Eco Technology S.p.A. | Fuel comprising an emulsion between water and a liquid hydrocarbon |
| TW574365B (en) * | 2001-07-11 | 2004-02-01 | Kune-Muh Tsai | Emulsion fuel oil and its forming method |
| TW589369B (en) * | 2001-07-11 | 2004-06-01 | Kune-Muh Tsai | Emulsion fuel oil additive |
| US7344570B2 (en) | 2001-08-24 | 2008-03-18 | Clean Fuels Technology, Inc. | Method for manufacturing an emulsified fuel |
| KR100449819B1 (ko) * | 2001-08-28 | 2004-09-24 | 인천정유 주식회사 | 디젤유 w/o형 에멀젼용 분산 유화제 |
| GB0124117D0 (en) * | 2001-10-08 | 2001-11-28 | Ici Plc | Fuel emulsion |
| US6748905B2 (en) * | 2002-03-04 | 2004-06-15 | The Lubrizol Corporation | Process for reducing engine wear in the operation of an internal combustion engine |
| CN101545405A (zh) * | 2002-03-28 | 2009-09-30 | Cam技术股份公司 | 降低内燃机污染物排放的方法，以及包含水和液态烃的燃料乳液 |
| FR2842820B1 (fr) * | 2002-07-26 | 2005-06-17 | Totalfinaelf France | Combustible emulsionne eau/hydrocarbures, sa preparation et ses utilisations |
| EP1408101A1 (en) | 2002-10-04 | 2004-04-14 | Infineum International Limited | Additives and fuel oil compositions |
| US20040111957A1 (en) * | 2002-12-13 | 2004-06-17 | Filippini Brian B. | Water blended fuel composition |
| US7257945B2 (en) * | 2003-02-10 | 2007-08-21 | U T Battelle, Llc | Stripping ethanol from ethanol-blended fuels for use in NOx SCR |
| SE0301119D0 (sv) * | 2003-04-14 | 2003-04-14 | Astrazeneca Ab | New non-ionic surfactants for solubilizing poorly soluble molecules |
| US20040229765A1 (en) | 2003-05-16 | 2004-11-18 | Xiomara Gutierrez | Surfactant package and water in hydrocarbon emulsion using same |
| FR2855525B1 (fr) * | 2003-06-02 | 2005-07-08 | Total France | Combustible emulsionne eau/hydrocarbures, sa preparation et ses utilisations |
| US7413583B2 (en) | 2003-08-22 | 2008-08-19 | The Lubrizol Corporation | Emulsified fuels and engine oil synergy |
| EP1512736B1 (en) | 2003-09-05 | 2018-05-02 | Infineum International Limited | Stabilised diesel fuel additive compositions |
| CN100344737C (zh) * | 2003-12-24 | 2007-10-24 | 上海精微粉溶机械设备有限公司 | 油包水型有机废液乳化燃料油及其制备方法 |
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| CN100351351C (zh) * | 2005-01-31 | 2007-11-28 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | 用于内燃机的燃料组合物 |
| US8153180B2 (en) | 2005-09-06 | 2012-04-10 | Pepsico, Inc. | Method and apparatus for making beverages |
| DE602007011124D1 (de) | 2006-02-07 | 2011-01-27 | Colt Engineering Corp | Mit Kohlendioxid angereicherte Rauchgaseinspritzung zur Kohlenwasserstoffgewinnung |
| RU2008146727A (ru) * | 2006-04-27 | 2010-06-10 | Нью Дженерейшн Байофьюэлз, Инк. (Us) | Композиция биологического топлива и способ получения биологического топлива |
| DE112007003390A5 (de) * | 2007-03-16 | 2010-01-28 | Isi Umwelttechnik Gmbh | Kraftstoffzusammensetzung, Verfahren zum Herstellen von Kraftstoffen sowie Verwendung einer Kraftstoffzusammensetzung |
| CA2704419C (en) * | 2007-11-01 | 2013-07-02 | Chicco Usa, Inc. | Folding stroller actuating system |
| US20100005706A1 (en) * | 2008-07-11 | 2010-01-14 | Innospec Fuel Specialties, LLC | Fuel composition with enhanced low temperature properties |
| EP2145940A1 (en) | 2008-07-15 | 2010-01-20 | Bp Oil International Limited | Use and vehicle |
| CA2773679C (en) * | 2009-10-14 | 2018-07-10 | Palox Limited | Protection of liquid fuels |
| KR101125638B1 (ko) * | 2010-01-13 | 2012-03-27 | 에이치플러스에코 주식회사 | 중유 에멀젼용 분산 유화제 및 이를 포함하는 중유 에멀젼 연료유 |
| GB201001923D0 (en) * | 2010-02-05 | 2010-03-24 | Palox Offshore S A L | Protection of liquid fuels |
| JP5604141B2 (ja) * | 2010-03-11 | 2014-10-08 | Ｊｘ日鉱日石エネルギー株式会社 | 油剤組成物及び極微量油剤供給式切削・研削加工方法 |
| JP5876467B2 (ja) * | 2010-03-17 | 2016-03-02 | クローダ，インコーポレイティド | ポリマー界面活性剤 |
| US8540784B2 (en) | 2010-04-23 | 2013-09-24 | Tellus Renewables Llc | Fuel compositions |
| WO2011154001A1 (en) * | 2010-06-09 | 2011-12-15 | Haldor Topsøe A/S | Emulsified oxygenate diesel fuel composition and method of preparing an emulsified oxygenate diesel fuel composition |
| ITRM20110694A1 (it) | 2011-12-29 | 2013-06-30 | Fuel S A E | Emulsioni stabilizzate con tensioattivi di acqua in gasolio. |
| CN103289761A (zh) * | 2012-02-23 | 2013-09-11 | 上海四埃美微科技有限公司 | 燃料添加剂 |
| US9109179B2 (en) * | 2012-04-20 | 2015-08-18 | Broadleaf Energy, LLC | Renewable biofuel |
| CN103074128A (zh) * | 2013-01-24 | 2013-05-01 | 九峰能源科技（上海）有限公司 | 一种水/烃乳化燃料 |
| ITVR20130081A1 (it) | 2013-04-05 | 2014-10-06 | Fuber Ltd | Additivo emulsionante per la formazione di emulsioni di acqua in olio combustibile puro o in miscele contenenti principalmente olio combustibile e metodo per la sua produzione |
| RU2551358C1 (ru) * | 2014-03-03 | 2015-05-20 | Хасан Амаевич Тайсумов | Авиационный топливный гель |
| RU2546891C1 (ru) * | 2014-04-02 | 2015-04-10 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Пензенская государственная сельскохозяйственная академия" | Ультразвуковой смеситель растительного масла и минерального топлива |
| US10751675B2 (en) | 2014-11-10 | 2020-08-25 | Eme Finance Ltd. | Device for mixing water and diesel oil, apparatus and process for producing a water/diesel oil micro-emulsion |
| EP3023399B1 (en) * | 2014-11-18 | 2020-01-01 | Total Marketing Services | Anti-dust additive composition for construction material |
| CN104560235A (zh) * | 2015-01-22 | 2015-04-29 | 南通恒隆化工有限公司 | 一种乳化剂 |
| IT201600132801A1 (it) | 2016-12-30 | 2018-06-30 | Eme International Ltd | Apparato e processo per produrre liquido derivante da biomassa, biocarburante e biomateriale |
| RU2720857C1 (ru) * | 2019-02-28 | 2020-05-13 | Публичное акционерное общество «Татнефть» имени В.Д. Шашина | Эмульгатор инвертной эмульсии для увеличения нефтеотдачи пластов |
| RU2720113C1 (ru) * | 2019-02-28 | 2020-04-24 | Публичное акционерное общество «Татнефть» имени В.Д. Шашина | Эмульгатор инвертной эмульсии для увеличения нефтеотдачи пластов |
| CN114269887A (zh) * | 2019-08-21 | 2022-04-01 | 联邦科学与工业研究组织 | 改进的用于发动机的氨基燃料 |
| JP7573869B2 (ja) | 2021-03-15 | 2024-10-28 | 国立研究開発法人 海上・港湾・航空技術研究所 | 重質油の回収方法、回収システム、及び回収装置 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2509288A (en) * | 1947-01-02 | 1950-05-30 | Internat Morfat Corp | Emulsifying apparatus |
| US3606868A (en) * | 1970-05-14 | 1971-09-21 | Maarten Voodg | Smog control system employing an emulsion of water in gasoline |
| JPS5269909A (en) * | 1975-12-10 | 1977-06-10 | Dai Ichi Kogyo Seiyaku Co Ltd | Water-in-oil emulsion fuel |
| US4352572A (en) * | 1980-01-09 | 1982-10-05 | Hwang-Chuan Chen | Continuous and automatic oil-water mixing method and its installation |
| FR2577141B1 (fr) * | 1985-02-13 | 1993-11-12 | Elf France | Protection des hydrocarbures contre l'action de microorganismes |
| US4755325A (en) * | 1986-09-08 | 1988-07-05 | Columbia Chase Corporation | Process for emulsifying oil and water mixture |
| GB8717836D0 (en) * | 1987-07-28 | 1987-09-03 | British Petroleum Co Plc | Preparation & combustion of fuel oil emulsions |
| GB2217229B (en) * | 1988-04-25 | 1992-07-29 | Enersolve Chemical Company Lim | Solubilising composition |
| CH678283A5 (en) * | 1989-07-11 | 1991-08-30 | Zugol Ag | Low-viscosity water-in-oil emulsions with submicron droplet size - esp. useful as fuels, contain water insol. substance |
| DE69310901T2 (de) * | 1992-03-09 | 1998-01-22 | Ecotec France S A R L | "Treibstoffe in Emulsionsform" |
| US5411558A (en) * | 1992-09-08 | 1995-05-02 | Kao Corporation | Heavy oil emulsion fuel and process for production thereof |
-
1996
- 1996-03-15 FR FR9603547A patent/FR2746106B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1997
- 1997-03-17 PL PL97328827A patent/PL188448B1/pl not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1997-03-17 TR TR1998/01826T patent/TR199801826T2/xx unknown
- 1997-03-17 NZ NZ331828A patent/NZ331828A/en unknown
- 1997-03-17 BR BR9708074-8A patent/BR9708074A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1997-03-17 ES ES97915509T patent/ES2140968T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-03-17 CA CA002248631A patent/CA2248631C/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1997-03-17 EP EP97915509A patent/EP0888421B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-03-17 US US09/147,031 patent/US6068670A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1997-03-17 WO PCT/FR1997/000475 patent/WO1997034969A1/fr active IP Right Grant
- 1997-03-17 UA UA98094738A patent/UA56158C2/uk unknown
- 1997-03-17 KR KR10-1998-0707259A patent/KR100416119B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1997-03-17 JP JP53320297A patent/JP3236024B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1997-03-17 AT AT97915509T patent/ATE184639T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1997-03-17 DE DE69700529T patent/DE69700529T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1997-03-17 CN CN97193961A patent/CN1089364C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1997-03-17 RU RU98118775/04A patent/RU2167920C2/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1997-03-17 AU AU22963/97A patent/AU711348B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1997-03-17 CZ CZ19982914A patent/CZ294200B6/cs unknown
-
1998
- 1998-09-14 NO NO19984254A patent/NO317504B1/no unknown
-
1999
- 1999-10-25 HK HK99104745A patent/HK1019614A1/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1999-12-14 GR GR990403203T patent/GR3032123T3/el unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1216571A (zh) | 1999-05-12 |
| EP0888421B1 (fr) | 1999-09-15 |
| GR3032123T3 (en) | 2000-04-27 |
| UA56158C2 (uk) | 2003-05-15 |
| JP3236024B2 (ja) | 2001-12-04 |
| CA2248631A1 (fr) | 1997-09-25 |
| KR100416119B1 (ko) | 2004-05-07 |
| FR2746106B1 (fr) | 1998-08-28 |
| BR9708074A (pt) | 2000-01-04 |
| NO984254L (no) | 1998-11-16 |
| US6068670A (en) | 2000-05-30 |
| NZ331828A (en) | 2000-02-28 |
| PL328827A1 (en) | 1999-02-15 |
| WO1997034969A1 (fr) | 1997-09-25 |
| JP2000502743A (ja) | 2000-03-07 |
| AU711348B2 (en) | 1999-10-14 |
| CZ294200B6 (cs) | 2004-10-13 |
| EP0888421A1 (fr) | 1999-01-07 |
| AU2296397A (en) | 1997-10-10 |
| ATE184639T1 (de) | 1999-10-15 |
| DE69700529T2 (de) | 2000-03-23 |
| ES2140968T3 (es) | 2000-03-01 |
| NO984254D0 (no) | 1998-09-14 |
| CA2248631C (fr) | 2005-07-26 |
| RU2167920C2 (ru) | 2001-05-27 |
| CZ291498A3 (cs) | 1999-03-17 |
| DE69700529D1 (de) | 1999-10-21 |
| TR199801826T2 (xx) | 1998-12-21 |
| PL188448B1 (pl) | 2005-02-28 |
| FR2746106A1 (fr) | 1997-09-19 |
| CN1089364C (zh) | 2002-08-21 |
| KR20000064594A (ko) | 2000-11-06 |
| HK1019614A1 (en) | 2000-02-18 |
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