KR920011472A - 치석 방지용 경구 조성물 및 그에 의한 치석 억제 방법 - Google Patents
치석 방지용 경구 조성물 및 그에 의한 치석 억제 방법 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- KR920011472A KR920011472A KR1019910023761A KR910023761A KR920011472A KR 920011472 A KR920011472 A KR 920011472A KR 1019910023761 A KR1019910023761 A KR 1019910023761A KR 910023761 A KR910023761 A KR 910023761A KR 920011472 A KR920011472 A KR 920011472A
- Authority
- KR
- South Korea
- Prior art keywords
- oral composition
- amount
- weight
- polyphosphate
- tartar
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims 27
- 208000006558 Dental Calculus Diseases 0.000 title claims 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims 5
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 title claims 4
- 229920000388 Polyphosphate Polymers 0.000 claims 9
- 239000001205 polyphosphate Substances 0.000 claims 9
- 235000011176 polyphosphates Nutrition 0.000 claims 9
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 claims 5
- 239000000546 pharmaceutical excipient Substances 0.000 claims 4
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Fluoride anion Chemical compound [F-] KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims 3
- FQENQNTWSFEDLI-UHFFFAOYSA-J sodium diphosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O FQENQNTWSFEDLI-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 claims 3
- RYCLIXPGLDDLTM-UHFFFAOYSA-J tetrapotassium;phosphonato phosphate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[K+].[K+].[O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O RYCLIXPGLDDLTM-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 claims 3
- 235000019818 tetrasodium diphosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims 3
- 239000002966 varnish Substances 0.000 claims 3
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 claims 3
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 claims 3
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 2
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 claims 2
- 230000007071 enzymatic hydrolysis Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 238000006047 enzymatic hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 229940005740 hexametaphosphate Drugs 0.000 claims 2
- PUZPDOWCWNUUKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium fluoride Chemical group [F-].[Na+] PUZPDOWCWNUUKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims 2
- 235000019832 sodium triphosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims 2
- UNXRWKVEANCORM-UHFFFAOYSA-I triphosphate(5-) Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O UNXRWKVEANCORM-UHFFFAOYSA-I 0.000 claims 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 claims 1
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 241000143980 Satyrinae Species 0.000 claims 1
- 229910001515 alkali metal fluoride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 229910000389 calcium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000001506 calcium phosphate Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 235000011010 calcium phosphates Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000006071 cream Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010779 crude oil Substances 0.000 claims 1
- XPPKVPWEQAFLFU-UHFFFAOYSA-J diphosphate(4-) Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O XPPKVPWEQAFLFU-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 claims 1
- 235000011180 diphosphates Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- -1 fluoride ions Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003349 gelling agent Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 claims 1
- 230000003020 moisturizing effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 claims 1
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 210000003296 saliva Anatomy 0.000 claims 1
- 235000013024 sodium fluoride Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011775 sodium fluoride Substances 0.000 claims 1
- CDVLCTOFEIEUDH-UHFFFAOYSA-K tetrasodium;phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O CDVLCTOFEIEUDH-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims 1
- 229940034610 toothpaste Drugs 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000606 toothpaste Substances 0.000 claims 1
- QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H tricalcium bis(phosphate) Chemical compound [Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 claims 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
- A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
- A61K8/19—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing inorganic ingredients
- A61K8/24—Phosphorous; Compounds thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
- A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
- A61K8/19—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing inorganic ingredients
- A61K8/20—Halogens; Compounds thereof
- A61K8/21—Fluorides; Derivatives thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
- A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
- A61K8/72—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic macromolecular compounds
- A61K8/81—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61Q—SPECIFIC USE OF COSMETICS OR SIMILAR TOILETRY PREPARATIONS
- A61Q11/00—Preparations for care of the teeth, of the oral cavity or of dentures; Dentifrices, e.g. toothpastes; Mouth rinses
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K2800/00—Properties of cosmetic compositions or active ingredients thereof or formulation aids used therein and process related aspects
- A61K2800/80—Process related aspects concerning the preparation of the cosmetic composition or the storage or application thereof
- A61K2800/92—Oral administration
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Birds (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
- Cosmetics (AREA)
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
- Acyclic And Carbocyclic Compounds In Medicinal Compositions (AREA)
- Dental Preparations (AREA)
- Dental Tools And Instruments Or Auxiliary Dental Instruments (AREA)
- Confectionery (AREA)
Abstract
내용 없음
Description
본 내용은 요부공개 건이므로 전문내용을 수록하지 않았음
Claims (21)
- 경구적으로 허용가능한 부형제내에, 필수적인 치석방지제로서 효과적인 치석방지량의 적어도 하나의 선형분자로된 탈수 폴리인산염 및 타액내 상기 시약의 효소적 가수분해에 대한 효과적인 양의 억제제로서, 순환기들：(여기에서, M과 M1은 같거나 다른 것으로 수소, 알칼리 금속 또는 암모늄임)을 갖고 평균 분자량 약 1,000이상인 합성 음이온 폴리포스폰산비닐 약 4% 이하로 구성되는, 보통 치석과 연관된 HAP 결정체 구조로스의 무정형 인산칼슘의 전환을 억제하는 경구 조성물.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 폴리포스폰산비닐이 약 0. 05-4중량%의 양만큼 존재하는 경구 조성물.
- 제1항 또는 제2항에 있어서, 상기 폴리포스폰산비닐의 분자량이 약 1,000-약 1,000,000인 경구 조성물.
- 제1항 또는 제2항에 있어서, 상기 폴리포스폰산비닐의 분자량이 약 6,00-100,000인 경구 조서아물.
- 제3항에 있어서, 상기 폴리포스폰산비닐이 약 0. 05-3중량%의 양만큼 존재하는 경구 조성물.
- 제5항에 있어서, 상기 폴리포스폰산비닐이 약 0. 1-2중량%인 경구 조성물.
- 제1항 또는 제2항에 있어서, 상기 폴리인산염이 약 0. 1-7중량%의 양만큼 존재하는 경구 조성물.
- 제1항 또는 제2항에 있어서, 상기 폴리인산염이 헥사메타인산염, 트리폴리인산염, 피로인산염 및 이들의 혼합물로 구성된 군으로부터 선택되는 경구 조성물.
- 제1항 또는 제2항에 있어서, 상기 폴리인산염이 피로인산사나트륨, 피로인산사칼륨 및 이들의 혼합물로 구성되는 군으로부터 선택되는 경구 조성물.
- 제1항 또는 제2항에 있어서, 상기 폴리인산염이 약 4. 3-7중량%의 양만큼 존재하고, 피로인산사칼륨과 피로인산사나트륨의 혼합물이며, 이때 피로인산사칼륨의 양의 피로인산사나트륨의 양보다 우세한 경구 조성물.
- 제1항 있어서, 상기 폴리인산염이 약 0. 1-2중량%의 피로인산사나트륨인 경구 조성물.
- 제1항 또는 제2항에 있어서, 상기 폴리인산염이 트리폴리 인산염인 경구조성물.
- 제1항 또는 제2항에 있어서, 상기 폴리인산염이 헥사메타인 산염인 경구조성물.
- 제1항 또는 제2항에 있어서, 상기 부형제가 물과 보습제로 구성되는 부형액 약 10-90중량% 및 겔화제 약 0. 1-10중량%로 구성되며, 조성물에 약 10-75중량%의 치아에 허용가능한 수-불용성 광택제가 존재하고, 상기 경구 조성물이 크림치약인 경구 조성물.
- 제14항에 있어서, 상기 광택제가 규산질 광택제인 경구 조성물.
- 제1항 또는 제2항에 있어서, 상기 부형제가 약 70-99. 9중량%의 물-알콜 혼합물이고 이때 물：알콜의 중량비가 약 1：1-약 20：1이며, 상기 경구 조성물이 양치질 약인 경구 조성물.
- 제1항 또는 제2항에 있어서, 불화물 이온 공급원이, 충치 방지제로서 그리고 상기 필수적인 치석방지제의 효소적 가수분해에 대한 다른 억제제로서, 무독성 양의 불화물 이온 약 25-2,000ppm을 공급하기에 충분한 양만큼 존재하는 경구 조성물.
- 제17항에 있어서, 상기 불화물 이온 공급원이, 불화알칼리금속 및 일플루오로 인산알칼리 금속으로 구성된 군으로부터 선택되는 경구 조성물.
- 제18항에 있어서, 상기 불화물-이온 공급원이 불화나트륨인 경구 조성물.
- pH약 4. 5-약 9를 갖는 제1항 또는 제2항의 경구 조성물을 치석-억제량으로 치아에 적용하는 것으로 구성되는 치석억제방법.
- pH약 4.5-약 9를 갖는 제17항의 경구 조성물을 치석-억제량으로 치아에 적용하는 것으로 구성되는 치석억제 방법.※ 참고사항 : 최초출원 내용에 의하여 공개하는 것임.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US631,302 | 1990-12-20 | ||
| US07/631,302 US5094844A (en) | 1990-12-20 | 1990-12-20 | Anticalculus oral composition |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| KR920011472A true KR920011472A (ko) | 1992-07-24 |
| KR100221157B1 KR100221157B1 (ko) | 1999-09-15 |
Family
ID=24530627
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| KR1019910023761A KR100221157B1 (ko) | 1990-12-20 | 1991-12-19 | 치석 방지용 경구 조성물 |
Country Status (29)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US5094844A (ko) |
| EP (1) | EP0492997B1 (ko) |
| JP (1) | JP3643382B2 (ko) |
| KR (1) | KR100221157B1 (ko) |
| CN (1) | CN1062463A (ko) |
| AT (1) | ATE133853T1 (ko) |
| AU (1) | AU649088B2 (ko) |
| BR (1) | BR9105532A (ko) |
| CA (1) | CA2057697C (ko) |
| CZ (1) | CZ284259B6 (ko) |
| DE (1) | DE69117034T2 (ko) |
| DK (1) | DK0492997T3 (ko) |
| FI (1) | FI916053A (ko) |
| GR (1) | GR1001273B (ko) |
| HK (1) | HK71297A (ko) |
| HU (1) | HU212441B (ko) |
| MX (1) | MX9102665A (ko) |
| MY (1) | MY107462A (ko) |
| NO (1) | NO180433C (ko) |
| NZ (1) | NZ240914A (ko) |
| PL (1) | PL167491B1 (ko) |
| PT (1) | PT99817B (ko) |
| RO (1) | RO110674B1 (ko) |
| RU (1) | RU2092162C1 (ko) |
| SG (1) | SG48983A1 (ko) |
| SK (1) | SK279232B6 (ko) |
| TW (1) | TW209835B (ko) |
| YU (1) | YU195791A (ko) |
| ZA (1) | ZA919580B (ko) |
Families Citing this family (31)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5368845A (en) * | 1993-01-07 | 1994-11-29 | Colgate Palmolive Company | Oral composition |
| US5599527A (en) * | 1994-11-14 | 1997-02-04 | Colgate-Palmolive Company | Dentifrice compositions having improved anticalculus properties |
| ATE216217T1 (de) * | 1996-02-08 | 2002-05-15 | Warner Lambert Co | Zahnpflegemittel gegen zahnsteinbildung enthaltend hochlösliche pyrophosphate |
| US6713049B1 (en) | 1999-11-12 | 2004-03-30 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Oral compositions providing optimal surface conditioning |
| US6350436B1 (en) * | 1996-11-21 | 2002-02-26 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Method of reducing staining of stannous in dentifrice compositions |
| US6190644B1 (en) | 1996-11-21 | 2001-02-20 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Dentifrice compositions containing polyphosphate and monofluorophosphate |
| US20060171907A1 (en) * | 1996-11-21 | 2006-08-03 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Oral care compositions providing enhanced whitening and stain prevention |
| US6241974B1 (en) * | 1997-04-22 | 2001-06-05 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Dentifrice compositions containing β-phase calcium pyrophosphate an anticalculus agent, and fluoride |
| DE19740453A1 (de) * | 1997-09-15 | 1999-03-18 | Henkel Kgaa | Zahnreinigungsmittel |
| WO1999032073A1 (en) * | 1997-12-22 | 1999-07-01 | Ciba Specialty Chemicals Holding, Inc. | Use of polyanionic and polyanionically-derivatised natural polysaccharides for inhibiting alkaline phosphatase |
| CA2389174C (en) | 1999-11-12 | 2007-01-23 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Improved stannous oral compositions |
| US20040146466A1 (en) | 1999-11-12 | 2004-07-29 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Method of protecting teeth against erosion |
| US20070025928A1 (en) * | 1999-11-12 | 2007-02-01 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Stannous oral care compositions |
| WO2001034109A1 (en) | 1999-11-12 | 2001-05-17 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Improved dual phase stannous oral compositions |
| US10470985B2 (en) | 1999-11-12 | 2019-11-12 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Method of protecting teeth against erosion |
| KR100382240B1 (ko) * | 2000-12-08 | 2003-04-26 | 주식회사 엘지생활건강 | 치석 및 치간 프라그 제거 효과가 우수한 치약 조성물 |
| AU2002308717A1 (en) | 2001-05-15 | 2002-11-25 | The Procter And Gamble Company | Confectionery compositions |
| WO2002092037A1 (en) | 2001-05-15 | 2002-11-21 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Oral care confectionery compositions |
| DE60215148T2 (de) | 2001-05-15 | 2007-08-16 | The Procter & Gamble Company, Cincinnati | Mundpflegezusammensetzungen |
| US6361762B1 (en) * | 2001-05-21 | 2002-03-26 | Vi-Jon Laboratories, Inc. | Prebrushing liquid oral composition |
| MXPA05008191A (es) * | 2003-02-05 | 2006-02-17 | Fmc Corp | Composiciones de pasta dental con capacidad de abrasion reducida. |
| KR100462465B1 (ko) * | 2003-11-20 | 2004-12-23 | 정천수 | 충방전 겸용잭을 갖는 충전지 케이스구조 및 이에연결되는 방수용 잭플러그 |
| US20050271602A1 (en) * | 2004-06-02 | 2005-12-08 | Nebojsa Milanovich | Method for inhibiting chemical staining of teeth |
| US20050271601A1 (en) * | 2004-06-02 | 2005-12-08 | Nebojsa Milanovich | Anti-staining antibacterial dentifrice |
| US20070041914A1 (en) * | 2005-08-17 | 2007-02-22 | Colgate-Palmolive Company | Inhibition of bacterial deposition on oral surfaces |
| KR100739996B1 (ko) * | 2005-09-30 | 2007-07-16 | 장정만 | 고 순도 규사를 이용한 액체치약 조성물과 제조방법 |
| CA2815640C (en) * | 2010-11-12 | 2016-06-14 | Colgate-Palmolive Company | Oral care product and methods of use and manufacture thereof |
| US10123953B2 (en) | 2012-06-21 | 2018-11-13 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Reduction of tooth staining derived from cationic antimicrobials |
| CA3113836C (en) | 2018-11-07 | 2023-08-29 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Stain removing oral care compositions comprising medium length polyphosphates |
| US11191709B2 (en) | 2019-04-26 | 2021-12-07 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Reduction of tooth staining derived from cationic antimicrobials |
| CN110559211B (zh) * | 2019-10-10 | 2022-05-20 | 重庆登康口腔护理用品股份有限公司 | 一种抑菌防龋组合物及其制备方法和应用 |
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| US3429963A (en) * | 1964-06-09 | 1969-02-25 | Colgate Palmolive Co | Dental preparation containing polymeric polyelectrolyte |
| ZA717486B (en) * | 1970-11-19 | 1973-06-27 | Colgate Palmolive Co | Treatment of teeth |
| US4138477A (en) * | 1976-05-28 | 1979-02-06 | Colgate Palmolive Company | Composition to control mouth odor |
| US4427652A (en) * | 1980-12-31 | 1984-01-24 | Colgate-Palmolive Company | Antigingivitis composition |
| US4816245A (en) * | 1983-12-28 | 1989-03-28 | Colgate-Palmolive Company | Antiplaque/antigingivitis method using certain polyphosphonic acids |
| US4921692A (en) * | 1986-12-08 | 1990-05-01 | Colgate-Palmolive Company | Anticalculus oral composition |
| US4877603A (en) * | 1987-12-18 | 1989-10-31 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Oral compositions |
| US4915937A (en) * | 1988-08-01 | 1990-04-10 | The Bf Goodrich Company | Dental antihydrolysis agent |
| GB2224204B (en) * | 1988-10-25 | 1992-06-03 | Colgate Palmolive Co | Dental composition comprising polyvinyl phosphonic acid |
| SE507731C2 (sv) * | 1988-12-29 | 1998-07-06 | Colgate Palmolive Co | Antibakteriell oral antiplaquekomposition |
-
1990
- 1990-12-20 US US07/631,302 patent/US5094844A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1991
- 1991-12-03 AU AU88814/91A patent/AU649088B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1991-12-04 ZA ZA919580A patent/ZA919580B/xx unknown
- 1991-12-07 MY MYPI91002270A patent/MY107462A/en unknown
- 1991-12-09 NZ NZ240914A patent/NZ240914A/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1991-12-16 CA CA002057697A patent/CA2057697C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1991-12-16 PT PT99817A patent/PT99817B/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1991-12-18 MX MX9102665A patent/MX9102665A/es unknown
- 1991-12-19 NO NO915038A patent/NO180433C/no unknown
- 1991-12-19 YU YU195791A patent/YU195791A/sh unknown
- 1991-12-19 GR GR910100506A patent/GR1001273B/el not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1991-12-19 DK DK91311818.8T patent/DK0492997T3/da active
- 1991-12-19 HU HU914051A patent/HU212441B/hu not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1991-12-19 AT AT91311818T patent/ATE133853T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1991-12-19 PL PL91292865A patent/PL167491B1/pl not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1991-12-19 RU SU5010396/14A patent/RU2092162C1/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1991-12-19 BR BR919105532A patent/BR9105532A/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1991-12-19 SG SG1996004822A patent/SG48983A1/en unknown
- 1991-12-19 EP EP91311818A patent/EP0492997B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-12-19 KR KR1019910023761A patent/KR100221157B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1991-12-19 DE DE69117034T patent/DE69117034T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1991-12-19 RO RO148986A patent/RO110674B1/ro unknown
- 1991-12-20 FI FI916053A patent/FI916053A/fi not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1991-12-20 CZ CS913994A patent/CZ284259B6/cs not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1991-12-20 JP JP33867791A patent/JP3643382B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1991-12-20 CN CN91111742A patent/CN1062463A/zh active Pending
- 1991-12-20 SK SK3994-91A patent/SK279232B6/sk unknown
-
1992
- 1992-01-22 TW TW081100434A patent/TW209835B/zh active
-
1997
- 1997-05-29 HK HK71297A patent/HK71297A/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
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