KR20060085630A - 전기 이중층 커패시터, 그 전극용 활성탄 및 그 제조 방법 - Google Patents
전기 이중층 커패시터, 그 전극용 활성탄 및 그 제조 방법 Download PDFInfo
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- KR20060085630A KR20060085630A KR1020067006524A KR20067006524A KR20060085630A KR 20060085630 A KR20060085630 A KR 20060085630A KR 1020067006524 A KR1020067006524 A KR 1020067006524A KR 20067006524 A KR20067006524 A KR 20067006524A KR 20060085630 A KR20060085630 A KR 20060085630A
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- activated carbon
- double layer
- electric double
- layer capacitor
- carbon
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- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 415
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- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 25
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- -1 triethylmethylammonium tetrafluoroborate Chemical compound 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 claims description 15
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- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 21
- HMUNWXXNJPVALC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-[4-[2-(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-ylamino)pyrimidin-5-yl]piperazin-1-yl]-2-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)ethanone Chemical compound C1C(CC2=CC=CC=C12)NC1=NC=C(C=N1)N1CCN(CC1)C(CN1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2)=O HMUNWXXNJPVALC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 239000012190 activator Substances 0.000 description 14
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 13
- VZSRBBMJRBPUNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-ylamino)-N-[3-oxo-3-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)propyl]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide Chemical compound C1C(CC2=CC=CC=C12)NC1=NC=C(C=N1)C(=O)NCCC(N1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2)=O VZSRBBMJRBPUNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
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- LDXJRKWFNNFDSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)-1-[4-[2-[[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]methylamino]pyrimidin-5-yl]piperazin-1-yl]ethanone Chemical compound C1CN(CC2=NNN=C21)CC(=O)N3CCN(CC3)C4=CN=C(N=C4)NCC5=CC(=CC=C5)OC(F)(F)F LDXJRKWFNNFDSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
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- AFCARXCZXQIEQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-[3-oxo-3-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)propyl]-2-[[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]methylamino]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide Chemical compound O=C(CCNC(=O)C=1C=NC(=NC=1)NCC1=CC(=CC=C1)OC(F)(F)F)N1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2 AFCARXCZXQIEQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 229910000288 alkali metal carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000008041 alkali metal carbonates Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- HUCVOHYBFXVBRW-UHFFFAOYSA-M caesium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Cs+] HUCVOHYBFXVBRW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
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- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 150000003242 quaternary ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
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- CPRMKOQKXYSDML-UHFFFAOYSA-M rubidium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Rb+] CPRMKOQKXYSDML-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001059 synthetic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- ILJSQTXMGCGYMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N triacetic acid Chemical compound CC(=O)CC(=O)CC(O)=O ILJSQTXMGCGYMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YLZOPXRUQYQQID-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)-1-[4-[2-[[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]methylamino]pyrimidin-5-yl]piperazin-1-yl]propan-1-one Chemical compound N1N=NC=2CN(CCC=21)CCC(=O)N1CCN(CC1)C=1C=NC(=NC=1)NCC1=CC(=CC=C1)OC(F)(F)F YLZOPXRUQYQQID-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DEXFNLNNUZKHNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-[3-[4-[2-(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-ylamino)pyrimidin-5-yl]piperidin-1-yl]-3-oxopropyl]-3H-1,3-benzoxazol-2-one Chemical compound C1C(CC2=CC=CC=C12)NC1=NC=C(C=N1)C1CCN(CC1)C(CCC1=CC2=C(NC(O2)=O)C=C1)=O DEXFNLNNUZKHNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
- H01G11/84—Processes for the manufacture of hybrid or EDL capacitors, or components thereof
- H01G11/86—Processes for the manufacture of hybrid or EDL capacitors, or components thereof specially adapted for electrodes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
- H01G11/22—Electrodes
- H01G11/30—Electrodes characterised by their material
- H01G11/32—Carbon-based
- H01G11/34—Carbon-based characterised by carbonisation or activation of carbon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B32/00—Carbon; Compounds thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B32/00—Carbon; Compounds thereof
- C01B32/30—Active carbon
- C01B32/312—Preparation
- C01B32/342—Preparation characterised by non-gaseous activating agents
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
- H01G11/22—Electrodes
- H01G11/30—Electrodes characterised by their material
- H01G11/32—Carbon-based
- H01G11/38—Carbon pastes or blends; Binders or additives therein
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
- H01G11/22—Electrodes
- H01G11/30—Electrodes characterised by their material
- H01G11/32—Carbon-based
- H01G11/44—Raw materials therefor, e.g. resins or coal
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/58—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic compounds other than oxides or hydroxides, e.g. sulfides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides or LiCoFy; of polyanionic structures, e.g. phosphates, silicates or borates
- H01M4/583—Carbonaceous material, e.g. graphite-intercalation compounds or CFx
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/13—Energy storage using capacitors
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Electric Double-Layer Capacitors Or The Like (AREA)
- Carbon And Carbon Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
Description
표면 작용기량(mmol/g) | |||||||||
실시예 | 카르복시기 | 락톤형카르복시기 | 페놀성수산기 | 합계 | A 106강도/g | S m2/g | A×S 1010강도 m2/g2 | 커패시터변형량 με/mg | 커패시터용량F/cm3-카본 |
2-1 | 0.007 | 0.220 | 0.360 | 0.587 | 8.73 | 1890 | 1.65 | 2.82 | 34.9 |
2-2 | 0.074 | 0.167 | 0.749 | 0.990 | 8.64 | 1953 | 1.69 | 2.83 | 30.9 |
2-3 | 0.003 | 0.232 | 0.476 | 0.711 | 12.0 | 1930 | 2.32 | 3.38 | 30.3 |
2-4 | 0.070 | 0.247 | 0.535 | 0.852 | 11.4 | 1925 | 2.19 | 2.99 | 32.2 |
2-5 | 0 | 0.100 | 0.224 | 0.324 | 19.7 | 1383 | 2.72 | 3.99 | 31.6 |
정전용량 저하율 | |
실시예 3-1 | 8.0% |
실시예 3-2 | 6.5% |
실시예 3-3 | 8.2% |
비교예 3-1 | 21.8% |
비교예 3-2 | 17.3% |
비교예 3-3 | 17.0% |
Claims (16)
- 활성탄 원료용 탄소재료에 알칼리 금속 수산화물을 혼합하고, 불활성 가스 분위기 하에서 가열함으로써 활성탄을 제조하는 활성화 공정;상기 활성탄 중의 알칼리 금속을 비활성화시키고, 제거하는 비활성화 제거 공정; 및상기 비활성화 제거 공정을 거친 상기 활성탄을 불활성 가스 분위기 하에서 400℃보다 높고 상기 활성화 공정의 가열 온도 이하인 온도에서 가열하는 열처리 공정을 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 전기 이중층 커패시터 전극용 활성탄의 제조 방법.
- 활성탄 원료용 탄소재료에 알칼리 금속 수산화물을 혼합하고, 불활성 가스 분위기 하에서 가열함으로써 활성탄을 제조하는 활성화 공정;상기 활성탄 중의 알칼리 금속을 비활성화시키고, 제거하는 비활성화 제거 공정; 및상기 비활성화 제거 공정을 거친 상기 활성탄을 불활성 가스 분위기 하에서 400℃보다 높고 750℃보다 낮은 온도에서 가열하는 열처리 공정을 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 전기 이중층 커패시터 전극용 활성탄의 제조 방법.
- 제1항 또는 제2항에 있어서,상기 비활성화 제거 공정에서, 상기 알칼리 금속을 200℃ 이상의 온도에서 이산화탄소 가스와의 반응 및/또는 활성탄의 수세에 의해 상기 알칼리 금속의 비활성화를 수행하는 것을 특징으로 하는 방법.
- 제1항 내지 제3항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,상기 알칼리 금속 수산화물이 수산화칼륨인 것을 특징으로 하는 방법.
- 제1항 내지 제4항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,상기 활성탄 원료용 탄소재료가 흑연화성이 용이한 탄소인 것을 특징으로 하는 방법.
- 제5항에 있어서,상기 흑연화성이 용이한 탄소가 석유 코크스인 것을 특징으로 하는 방법.
- 제5항 또는 제6항에 있어서,상기 활성화 공정에서, 가열 온도를 600℃보다 높고, 800℃보다 낮은 온도로 하는 것을 특징으로 하는 방법.
- 제1항 내지 제7항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,상기 열처리 공정을 거친 상기 활성탄을 수세하는 수세 공정을 더 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 방법.
- 제1항 내지 제8항 중 어느 한 항의 방법에 의해 제조된 전기 이중층 커패시터 전극용 활성탄.
- 알칼리 금속의 함유량이 1OO질량ppm 미만인 전기 이중층 커패시터 전극용 활성탄.
- 제8항의 방법에 의해 제조된, 알칼리 금속의 함유량이 100질량ppm 미만인 전기 이중층 커패시터 전극용 활성탄.
- 전기 이중층 커패시터 전극용 활성탄으로서,전해액인 1mo1/L의 트리에틸메틸암모늄테트라플루오로보레이트를 포함하는 프로필렌카보네이트에 함침되어 있으며, 활성탄 80질량%, 케첸 블랙 10질량% 및 폴리테트라플루오로에틸렌 10질량%로 이루어진, 직경 16mm, 두께 0.5mm의 원형상인 한 쌍의 전극과, 상기 2개의 전극 사이에 두께 50μm의 셀룰로오스 재질의 세퍼레이터를 가지는 전기 이중층 커패시터를 형성하고, 20℃에서 0V를 중심으로 진폭을 10mV로 하고, 주파수를 0.lHz에서 1MHz로 변화시켜서 상기 전기 이중층 커패시터의 교류 임피던스를 측정하여, 상기 임피던스를 복소 평면에 도시할 경우, 실수 성분(ZRe)의 값이 커짐에 따라 음수인 허수 성분의 절대치(-Zlm) 값이 단조롭게 커지고, 극대점 및 극소점을 가지지 않는 것을 특징으로 하는 상기 전기 이중층 커패시터 전극용 활성탄.
- 표면 작용기량이 0.2mmo1/g보다 높고, 2mmo1/g보다 낮으며, 표면 카르복시기량이 O.lmmo1/g 미만인 것을 특징으로 하는 전기 이중층 커패시터 전극용 활성탄.
- 제13항에 있어서,흑연과 유사한 층상 결정구조를 가지는 미세 결정 탄소를 포함하고,활성탄의 단위 질량당으로 환산한, X선 회절법에 의해 구해진 상기 미세 결정 탄소의 (002)면의 피크 면적을 A[강도/g]로 나타내고, 질소 가스 흡착법에 의해 구해진 비표면적을 S[m2/g]로 나타낼 경우, 하기 식(I) 및 식(Ⅱ)의 관계가 성립하는 것을 특징으로 하는 전기 이중층 커패시터 전극용 활성탄:A×S<4.0×1010[(강도/g)·(m2/g)] …(Ⅰ)1300[(m2/g]<S<2400[m2/g] …(Ⅱ).
- 제9항 내지 제14항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,상기 한 쌍의 전극과 상기 전해액을 가지는 상기 전기 이중층 커패시터에 있어서,상기 한 쌍의 전극의 적어도 하나가 상기 활성탄을 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 전기 이중층 커패시터.
- 한 쌍의 전극과 전해액을 가지는 전기 이중층 커패시터에 있어서,20℃에서 0V를 중심으로 진폭을 10mV로 하고, 주파수를 0.1Hz에서 1MHz로 변화시켜서 상기 전기 이중층 커패시터의 교류 임피던스를 측정하여, 상기 임피던스를 복소 평면에 도시할 경우, 실수 성분(ZRe)의 값이 커짐에 따라 음수인 허수 성분의 절대치(-Zlm) 값이 단조롭게 커지고, 극대점 및 극소점을 가지지 않는 것을 특징으로 하는 전기 이중층 커패시터.
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KR100764846B1 (ko) * | 2006-11-24 | 2007-10-09 | 지에스칼텍스 주식회사 | 전극용 활성탄 |
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US7564676B2 (en) | 2009-07-21 |
KR100880829B1 (ko) | 2009-01-30 |
EP1675141A1 (en) | 2006-06-28 |
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