KR20030084898A - 개질막 - Google Patents
개질막 Download PDFInfo
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- KR20030084898A KR20030084898A KR20037006472A KR20037006472A KR20030084898A KR 20030084898 A KR20030084898 A KR 20030084898A KR 20037006472 A KR20037006472 A KR 20037006472A KR 20037006472 A KR20037006472 A KR 20037006472A KR 20030084898 A KR20030084898 A KR 20030084898A
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- South Korea
- Prior art keywords
- membrane
- polymer
- porous
- porous polymer
- reactive modifier
- Prior art date
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- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 133
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 75
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 150000008064 anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N maleic anhydride Chemical compound O=C1OC(=O)C=C1 FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229920002492 poly(sulfone) Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- -1 poly (alkyl vinyl ether Chemical compound 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000001223 reverse osmosis Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 229920000768 polyamine Polymers 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 57
- 229920005597 polymer membrane Polymers 0.000 claims description 41
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 27
- 229920006254 polymer film Polymers 0.000 claims description 22
- LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butanol Chemical compound CCCCO LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000012510 hollow fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- LENZDBCJOHFCAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris Chemical compound OCC(N)(CO)CO LENZDBCJOHFCAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 claims description 15
- FAGUFWYHJQFNRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraethylenepentamine Chemical group NCCNCCNCCNCCN FAGUFWYHJQFNRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium chloride Chemical compound [Li+].[Cl-] KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 12
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 11
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000007385 chemical modification Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- XJRBAMWJDBPFIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl vinyl ether Chemical compound COC=C XJRBAMWJDBPFIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920000036 polyvinylpyrrolidone Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000001267 polyvinylpyrrolidone Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000013855 polyvinylpyrrolidone Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000003457 sulfones Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920000604 Polyethylene Glycol 200 Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000003301 hydrolyzing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000013590 bulk material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000491 Polyphenylsulfone Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000013626 chemical specie Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920006393 polyether sulfone Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- BRDWIEOJOWJCLU-LTGWCKQJSA-N GS-441524 Chemical compound C=1C=C2C(N)=NC=NN2C=1[C@]1(C#N)O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O BRDWIEOJOWJCLU-LTGWCKQJSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 claims 2
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 claims 2
- 239000004695 Polyether sulfone Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 55
- UPBDXRPQPOWRKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N furan-2,5-dione;methoxyethene Chemical compound COC=C.O=C1OC(=O)C=C1 UPBDXRPQPOWRKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 49
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000000499 gel Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000005191 phase separation Methods 0.000 description 7
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000001471 micro-filtration Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000002145 thermally induced phase separation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 4
- STZCRXQWRGQSJD-GEEYTBSJSA-M methyl orange Chemical compound [Na+].C1=CC(N(C)C)=CC=C1\N=N\C1=CC=C(S([O-])(=O)=O)C=C1 STZCRXQWRGQSJD-GEEYTBSJSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 229940012189 methyl orange Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000108 ultra-filtration Methods 0.000 description 4
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 230000009477 glass transition Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920002959 polymer blend Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920005594 polymer fiber Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010626 work up procedure Methods 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 238000002835 absorbance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010894 electron beam technology Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000004451 qualitative analysis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004445 quantitative analysis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 2
- OARRHUQTFTUEOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N safranin Chemical compound [Cl-].C=12C=C(N)C(C)=CC2=NC2=CC(C)=C(N)C=C2[N+]=1C1=CC=CC=C1 OARRHUQTFTUEOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 2
- BQCIDUSAKPWEOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-Difluoroethene Chemical compound FC(F)=C BQCIDUSAKPWEOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AXDJCCTWPBKUKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-[(4-aminophenyl)-(4-imino-3-methylcyclohexa-2,5-dien-1-ylidene)methyl]aniline;hydron;chloride Chemical compound Cl.C1=CC(=N)C(C)=CC1=C(C=1C=CC(N)=CC=1)C1=CC=C(N)C=C1 AXDJCCTWPBKUKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical class CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004566 IR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920006370 Kynar Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001069 Raman spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000700605 Viruses Species 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001299 aldehydes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000001338 aliphatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012736 aqueous medium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004945 aromatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002238 attenuated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001210 attenuated total reflectance infrared spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005102 attenuated total reflection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010923 batch production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910021538 borax Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012512 characterization method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001311 chemical methods and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000701 coagulant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005345 coagulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015271 coagulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010612 desalination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000502 dialysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 1
- ZHNUHDYFZUAESO-UHFFFAOYSA-N formamide Substances NC=O ZHNUHDYFZUAESO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007306 functionalization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000008282 halocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920001519 homopolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000036571 hydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001477 hydrophilic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000005660 hydrophilic surface Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001600 hydrophobic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000005661 hydrophobic surface Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002329 infrared spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013383 initial experiment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003951 lactams Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002609 medium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000036961 partial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005501 phase interface Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002989 phenols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006112 polar polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002432 poly(vinyl methyl ether) polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000012667 polymer degradation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010526 radical polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920006126 semicrystalline polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000001542 size-exclusion chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003384 small molecules Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010339 sodium tetraborate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000000346 sugar Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000005846 sugar alcohols Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000008163 sugars Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- BSVBQGMMJUBVOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N trisodium borate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]B([O-])[O-] BSVBQGMMJUBVOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001845 vibrational spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D69/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by their form, structure or properties; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D69/02—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by their form, structure or properties; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor characterised by their properties
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D67/00—Processes specially adapted for manufacturing semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus
- B01D67/0002—Organic membrane manufacture
- B01D67/0009—Organic membrane manufacture by phase separation, sol-gel transition, evaporation or solvent quenching
- B01D67/0018—Thermally induced processes [TIPS]
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D67/00—Processes specially adapted for manufacturing semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus
- B01D67/0081—After-treatment of organic or inorganic membranes
- B01D67/0093—Chemical modification
- B01D67/00933—Chemical modification by addition of a layer chemically bonded to the membrane
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D69/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by their form, structure or properties; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D69/12—Composite membranes; Ultra-thin membranes
- B01D69/125—In situ manufacturing by polymerisation, polycondensation, cross-linking or chemical reaction
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D71/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by the material; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D71/06—Organic material
- B01D71/30—Polyalkenyl halides
- B01D71/32—Polyalkenyl halides containing fluorine atoms
- B01D71/34—Polyvinylidene fluoride
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D71/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by the material; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D71/06—Organic material
- B01D71/40—Polymers of unsaturated acids or derivatives thereof, e.g. salts, amides, imides, nitriles, anhydrides, esters
- B01D71/403—Polymers based on the polymerisation of maleic acid or derivatives thereof
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D71/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by the material; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D71/06—Organic material
- B01D71/48—Polyesters
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D71/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by the material; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D71/06—Organic material
- B01D71/56—Polyamides, e.g. polyester-amides
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D71/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by the material; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D71/06—Organic material
- B01D71/66—Polymers having sulfur in the main chain, with or without nitrogen, oxygen or carbon only
- B01D71/68—Polysulfones; Polyethersulfones
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2323/00—Details relating to membrane preparation
- B01D2323/02—Hydrophilization
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2323/00—Details relating to membrane preparation
- B01D2323/30—Cross-linking
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2323/00—Details relating to membrane preparation
- B01D2323/36—Introduction of specific chemical groups
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2325/00—Details relating to properties of membranes
- B01D2325/24—Mechanical properties, e.g. strength
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
- Addition Polymer Or Copolymer, Post-Treatments, Or Chemical Modifications (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Porous Articles, And Recovery And Treatment Of Waste Products (AREA)
Abstract
Description
PVDF | 17.1 g (17%) |
LiCl | 3.54 g (3.5%) |
PVP/VA S630 | 2.73 g (2.7%) |
간트레즈 | 3.09 g (3.1%) |
NMP | 74.3 g (73.7%) |
100.76 g | |
PVP/VA S630은 폴리비닐피롤리돈/비닐 아세테이트 공중합체이다.NMP는 N-메틸 피롤리돈이다. |
PVDF | 17.04 g (16.8%) |
간트레즈 (상표명) | 3.44 g (3.4%) |
LiCl | 3.88 g (3.8%) |
NMP | 77.02 g (76%) |
101.38 g |
도핑 용액 1 | 도핑 용액 2 | 도핑 용액 3 | 도핑 용액 4 | |
PVDF | 119.3 (17%) | 103.76 (17.2%) | 102.49 (17%) | 102.61 (17%) |
간트레즈 | 21.44 (3.1%) | 18.43 (3.1%) | 18.35 (3.1%) | |
S630 | 18.62 (2.7%) | 16.05 (2.7%) | 15.93 (2.65%) | 15.66 (2.6%) |
LiCl | 21.09 (3%) | 18.02 (3.0%) | 18.32 (3.05%) | 18.66 (3.1%) |
NMP | 520.6 (74.2%) | 446.49 (74.1%) | 464.6 (77.3%) | 446.61 (74.2%) |
총계 | 701.05 | 602.75 | 601.34 | 601.89 |
도핑 펌프 속도 | 루멘 (Lumen) 펌프 속도 | 윈더 (Winder) 펌프 속도 | |
도핑 용액 1 | 150 | 400 | 300 |
도핑 용액 2 | 350 | 200 | 800 |
도핑 용액 3 | 350 | 200 | 800 |
도핑 용액 4 | 250 | 170 | 645 |
겔을 형성한 도핑 제제 | |||
도핑 용액 3 | 도핑 용액 4 | 도핑 용액 5 | |
PVDF | 122.14 (20.3%) | 121.49 (20.1%) | 100.56 (20%) |
간트레즈 | 18.14 (3%) | 15.24 (3%) | |
S630 | 15.94 (2.6%) | 15.78 (2.6%) | |
당 | |||
LiCl | 18.65 (3.1%) | 19.61 (3.2%) | 15.62 (3.1%) |
NMP | 428.29 (71%) | 449.02 (74.1%) | 371.2 (73.9%) |
물 | |||
총계 | 603.16 | 605.9 | 502.62 |
메틸오렌지처리전 샘플 | 메틸오렌지처리후 샘플 | 사프라닌처리전 샘플 | 사프라닌처리후 샘플 | |
TEP | 4.5 | 3.294 | 3.354 | 3.159 |
TRIS | 4.5 | 3.178 | 3.243 | 3.131 |
PEG-200 | 3.466 | 3.193 | 3.243 | 3.289 |
CaCO3 | 4.5 | 3.275 | 3.216 | 2.582 |
부탄올 | 3.876 | 3.178 | 3.203 | 3.132 |
H2SO4 | 3.165 | 3.224 | 3.392 | 2.943 |
메틸오렌지처리전 샘플 | 염료 처리후막 | pH 7의 완충 정제가 포함된염료 처리후 막 | |
TEP | 0.423 | 0.219 | 0.185 |
TRIS | 0.429 | 0.411 | 0.367 |
PEG-200 | 0.411 | 0.390 | 0.350 |
부탄올 | 0.429 | 0.394 | 0.373 |
H2SO4 | 0.440 | 0.139 | 0.402 |
CaCO3 | 0.427 | 0.369 | 0.362 |
습윤 | 건조 | |
TEP | 32.32±7.65 | 47.20±4.78 |
TRIS | 34.05±7.12 | 50.13±9.51 |
PEG | 60.51±8.69 | 33.62±5.55 |
H2SO4 | 22.57±2.53 | 21.63±1.56 |
CaCO3 | 24.19±8.11 | 26.30±5.11 |
부탄올 | 30.80±6.57 |
간트레즈가 없는 도핑 용액 | 간트레즈 도핑 용액 | 키나르 500 도핑 용액 | |
TEP | 49.46±9.54 | 23.64±5.13 | 58.8±6.13 |
TRIS | 54.46±10.32 | 17.18±2.308 | 77.75±10.78 |
PEG | 90.25±11.60 | 52.75±4.158 | 123.0±9.1 |
H2SO4 | 48.28±7.44 | 6.008±0.868 | 47.18±13.13 |
Na2CO3 | 40.55±13.93 | 18.30±2.41 | 67.74±9.25 |
부탄올 | 60.86±6.60 | 8.338±3.415 | 31.48±3.77 |
물 | 44.85±8.79 | 7.385±2.973 |
유동시간@100 kPa | 유동시간 @400 kPa | 섬유 수 | 길이 (m) | OD (mm) | LMH @100 kPa | LMH @400 kPa | |
TRIS | 39.3 | 15.0 | 4 | 0.6 | 0.85 | 143.005 | 374.672 |
PEG | 36.5 | 10.4 | 4 | 0.6 | 0.85 | 153.975 | 540.393 |
H2SO4 | 128.2 | 33.6 | 4 | 0.5 | 0.85 | 52.606 | 200.717 |
부탄올 | 116.4 | 34.3 | 4 | 0.4 | 0.85 | 72.424 | 245.776 |
CaCO3 | 53.4 | 14.6 | 4 | 0.55 | 0.85 | 114.813 | 419.931 |
간트레즈 부재 | 간트레즈 존재 | 섬유 수 | 길이 (m) | OD (㎛) | 간트레즈 부재경우의 LMH | 간트레즈 존재경우의 LMH | |
TRIS | 127.4 | 379.3 | 6 | 0.45 | 1000 | 33.330 | 11.195 |
PEG | 38.1 | 965.8 | 6 | 0.5 | 1100 | 91.187 | 3.597 |
H2SO4 | 95.3 | 3534.1 | 6 | 0.5 | 1000 | 40.101 | 1.081 |
부탄올 | 70.7 | 6 | 0.5 | 1000 | 54.055 | ||
NaCO3 | 84.7 | 6 | 0.55 | 1000 | 41.018 | ||
TEP | 123.9 | 6 | 0.55 | 1000 | 28.041 | ||
물 | 275.7 | 6 | 0.5 | 1000 | 13.862 |
Claims (69)
- 중합체막 형성 물질과, 상기 중합체막 형성 물질만으로부터 형성된 다공성 중합체막에 비해 다공성 중합체막의 표면 활성 특성을 개질시키기 위해 채택된 중합체 반응성 개질제의 블렌드로부터 형성된 다공성 중합체막.
- 제1항에 있어서, 중합체막 형성 물질이 PVDF인 다공성 중합체막.
- 제1항 또는 제2항에 있어서, 중합체막 형성 물질이 소수성 PVDF인 다공성 중합체막.
- 제1항에 있어서, 중합체막 형성 물질이 폴리술폰인 다공성 중합체막.
- 제4항에 있어서, 중합체막 형성 물질이 폴리술폰, 폴리에테르 술폰, 폴리아릴 술폰, 폴리알킬 술폰 또는 폴리아르알킬 술폰으로부터 선택된 것인 다공성 중합체막.
- 제4항 또는 제5항에 있어서, 폴리술폰이 폴리페닐 술폰인 다공성 중합체막.
- 제1항 내지 제6항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서, 반응성 개질제가 화학물질 종에대한 막 표면의 반응성을 개질시키는 다공성 중합체막.
- 제1항 내지 제7항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서, 반응성 개질제가 막의 친수성/소수성 균형을 개질시키는 다공성 중합체막.
- 제1항 내지 제8항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서, 반응성 개질제가 막의 표면 전하를 개질시키는 다공성 중합체막.
- 제1항 내지 제9항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서, 반응성 개질제가 선형 중합체 무수물인 다공성 중합체막.
- 제1항 내지 제10항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서, 반응성 개질제가 말레산 무수물 공중합체인 다공성 중합체막.
- 제1항 내지 제11항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서, 반응성 개질제가 폴리(알킬 비닐 에테르/말레산 무수물)인 다공성 중합체막.
- 제1항 내지 제12항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서, 반응성 개질제가 하기 화학식 1의 화합물인 다공성 중합체막.<화학식 1>
- 제1항 내지 제13항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서, 반응성 개질제가 분자량 5×104내지 5×107의 폴리(메틸 비닐 에테르/말레산 무수물)인 다공성 중합체막.
- 제1항 내지 제14항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서, 반응성 개질제가 분자량 8.72×105내지 1.25×106의 폴리(메틸 비닐 에테르/말레산 무수물)인 다공성 중합체막.
- 제1항 내지 제15항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서, 반응성 개질제가 분자량 2.13×105내지 1.89×106의 폴리(메틸 비닐 에테르/말레산 무수물)인 다공성 중합체막.
- 제1항 내지 제16항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서, 표면 무수물 부위를 포함하는 다공성 중합체막.
- 제17항에 있어서, 상기 표면 무수물이 반응된 형태인 다공성 중합체막.
- 제18항에 있어서, 상기 표면 무수물이 아민과 반응하여 아미드 결합을 형성한 것인 다공성 중합체막.
- 제19항에 있어서, 상기 표면 무수물이 폴리아민과 반응하여 가교결합된 폴리아미드층을 형성한 것인 다공성 중합체막.
- 제20항에 있어서, 상기 아민이 테트라에틸렌펜트아민 (TEP) 또는 트리스-(히드록시메틸) 아미노메탄 (TRIS)으로부터 선택된 것인 다공성 중합체막.
- 제18항에 있어서, 상기 표면 활성 무수물이 알콜과 반응하여 에스테르 결합을 형성한 것인 다공성 중합체막.
- 제22항에 있어서, 상기 표면 활성 무수물이 부탄올과 반응한 것인 다공성 중합체막.
- 제18항에 있어서, 상기 표면 무수물이 폴리올과 반응하여 가교결합된 폴리에스테르층을 형성한 것인 다공성 중합체막.
- 제24항에 있어서, 상기 폴리올이 폴리에틸렌 글리콜인 다공성 중합체막.
- 제18항에 있어서, 상기 표면 무수물이 황산과 반응한 것인 다공성 중합체막.
- 제18항에 있어서, 상기 표면 무수물이 탄산칼슘과 반응한 것인 다공성 중합체막.
- 제1항 내지 제27항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서, 막의 표면에 (-)전하가 존재하는 다공성 중합체막.
- 제1항 내지 제28항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서, 높은 투과도를 갖는 다공성 중합체막.
- 제1항 내지 제29항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서, 양호한 거시적 일체성을 갖는 다공성 중합체막.
- 제1항 내지 제30항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서, 중공성 섬유인 다공성 중합체막.
- 제1항 내지 제30항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서, 편평한 쉬이트 (sheet)인 다공성 중합체막.
- 제1항 내지 제32항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서, 균일한 벽 두께를 갖는 다공성 중합체막.
- 제1항 내지 제33항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서, 높은 기계적 강도를 갖는 다공성 중합체막.
- 중합체 반응성 개질제를 벌크 물질로의 혼입에 의해 표면 활성 다공성 중합체막에 블렌딩시키는, 다공성 중합체막의 제조 방법.
- 제35항에 있어서, 중합체막 형성 물질을 막 형성 전에 또는 막 형성 중에 중합체 반응성 개질제와 블렌딩시키는 방법.
- 제35항 또는 제36항에 있어서, 반응성 개질제를 막의 캐스팅 전에 중합체막 형성 물질에 첨가하는 방법.
- 제35항 내지 제37항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서, 반응성 개질제를 비반응된 형태로 첨가하는 방법.
- 제35항 내지 제37항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서, 반응성 개질제를 반응된 형태로 첨가하는 방법.
- 제35항 내지 제39항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서, 다공성 중합체막에 혼입된 반응성 개질제가 막으로의 혼입 이후에 화학적 개질을 수행하는 방법.
- 제35항 내지 제40항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서, 화학적 개질이 막을 친수성이 되게 하는 가수분해인 방법.
- 제35항 내지 제41항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서, 화학적 개질이 가교결합인 방법.
- 제35항 내지 제42항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서, 화학적 개질이 테트라에틸렌펜트아민 (TEP), 트리스-(히드록시메틸) 아미노메탄 (TRIS), 황산 (H2SO4), 폴리에틸렌 글리콜 (PEG) 및 탄산칼슘 (CaCO3) 중 하나 이상으로의 처리인 방법.
- 제35항 내지 제43항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서, 화학적 개질이 가교결합성 아민으로의 처리에 의해 아미드 결합을 형성하는 것인 방법.
- 제44항에 있어서, 혼입도 및 가교결합 정도가 막을 역삼투에 적합하게 구성하도록 선택되는, 다공성 중합체막의 제조 방법.
- 제35항 내지 제45항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서, 중합체 반응성 개질제가, 막 형성 전에 또는 막 형성 중에, 표면 활성 다공성 중합체막에 혼합된 전구체가 단일상 혼합물이 되도록 하는 양으로 중합체막 형성 물질에 혼입되는 방법.
- 제35항 내지 제46항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서, 다공성 중합체막이 중공성 섬유막으로 형성되는 방법.
- 제35항 내지 제47항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서, 다공성 중합체막이 편평한 쉬이트막으로 형성되는 방법.
- 제35항 내지 제48항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서, 다공성 중합체막이 PVDF 17 중량%, LiCl 3.5 중량%, 폴리비닐피롤리돈/비닐 아세테이트 공중합체 2.7 중량%, 폴리(메틸 비닐 에테르/말레산 무수물) 3.1 중량% 및 N-메틸 피롤리돈 73.7 중량%를 포함하는 도핑 용액으로부터 형성되는 방법.
- 제35항 내지 제48항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서, 다공성 중합체막이 PVDF 16.8%, 폴리(메틸 비닐 에테르/말레산 무수물) 3.4%, LiCl 3.8% 및 N-메틸 피롤리돈 76%를 포함하는 도핑 용액으로부터 형성되는 방법.
- 제35항 내지 제50항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서, 상기 성분들을, 용융물이 열역학적으로 안정하고 용융물에서 해혼합 (demixing) 과정이 발생하지 않도록 선택하는 방법.
- 제35항 내지 제51항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서, 상기 성분들 및 반응 조건을, 막의 캐스팅시에 겔이 형성되지 않도록 선택하는 방법.
- 제35항 내지 제52항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서, 도핑 용액을 약 50℃에서 밤새 혼합하는 방법.
- 제35항 내지 제53항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서, 도핑 용액이 DIPS 방법에 의해, PEG-200 45%, H2O 45% 및 NMP 10%를 포함하는 침전 반응기 내에 형성되는 방법.
- 제35항 내지 제53항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서, 도핑 용액이 DIPS 방법에 의해 물로 이루어진 침전 반응기 내에 형성되는 방법.
- i) 중합체 반응성 개질제를 중합체막 형성 물질과 블렌딩시키는 단계, 및ii) 개질막을 형성하는 단계를 포함하는, 다공성 중합체막의 표면을 개질시키는 방법.
- 제56항에 있어서, 중합체 반응성 개질제 표면의 일부분 이상을 가수분해하는 단계를 포함하는 방법.
- 제56항 또는 제57항에 있어서, 나트륨 완충액의 존재하에 중합체 반응성 개질제 표면의 일부분 이상을 가수분해하는 단계를 포함하는 방법.
- 제57항 또는 제58항에 있어서, 중합체 반응성 개질제 표면의 일부분을 부분적으로만 가수분해하는 방법.
- 제56항 내지 제59항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서, 중합체 반응성 개질제 표면의 일부분 이상을 적어도 부분적으로 가수분해하고, 그 후에 결과의 가수분해된 기를 다관능성 아민과 반응시키는 단계를 포함하는 방법.
- 제60항에 있어서, 다관능성 아민이 반응하여 결과의 가수분해된 기를 가교결합시키는 방법.
- 제35항 내지 제56항 중 어느 한 항의 방법에 의해 형성된 다공성 중합체막.
- 제1항 내지 제34항 중 어느 한 항에 따른, 또는 제35항 내지 제56항 중 어느 한 항의 방법에 의해 형성된, 또는 제57항 내지 제61항 중 어느 한 항에 따라 개질된, 역삼투막인 다공성 중합체막.
- 막 형성 중합체와, 막 형성 후에 화학적 개질이 가능한 상용성 제2 중합체의 블렌드.
- 제64항에 있어서, 상기 상용성 제2 중합체가 PVDF와 상용성인 블렌드.
- 제64항에 있어서, 상기 상용성 제2 중합체가 폴리술폰과 상용성인 블렌드.
- 제64항에 있어서, 상기 상용성 제2 중합체가 PVDF 및 폴리술폰과 상용성인 블렌드.
- 제67항에 있어서, 상기 막 형성 중합체의 반응성이 낮은 블렌드.
- 제68항에 있어서, 상기 막 형성 중합체가 불활성인 블렌드.
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- 2001-11-09 AU AU1480202A patent/AU1480202A/xx not_active Withdrawn
- 2001-11-09 AT AT01983289T patent/ATE471204T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2001-11-09 JP JP2002540831A patent/JP4355493B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2001-11-09 WO PCT/AU2001/001450 patent/WO2002038256A1/en active Search and Examination
- 2001-11-09 CN CNB018205526A patent/CN100518911C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2001-11-09 KR KR1020037006472A patent/KR100903804B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2001-11-09 DE DE60142408T patent/DE60142408D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-11-09 ES ES01983289T patent/ES2346131T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-11-09 CA CA2428457A patent/CA2428457C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2003
- 2003-05-08 IN IN721DE2003 patent/IN222005B/en unknown
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-
2004
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- 2004-07-29 US US10/903,516 patent/US20050032982A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2004-07-30 US US10/903,950 patent/US7300022B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
KR100581206B1 (ko) * | 2004-09-08 | 2006-05-17 | 케미코아 주식회사 | 폴리불화비닐리덴계 다공성 중공사막과 그 제조방법 |
KR101068437B1 (ko) * | 2008-12-30 | 2011-09-28 | 웅진케미칼 주식회사 | 투수도 및 내약품성이 우수한 다공성 pvdf 막 및 그 제조방법 |
KR101447268B1 (ko) * | 2011-09-20 | 2014-10-07 | 제일모직주식회사 | 박막 복합 분리막 및 그 제조방법 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US7300022B2 (en) | 2007-11-27 |
US6884350B2 (en) | 2005-04-26 |
ES2346131T3 (es) | 2010-10-11 |
DE60142408D1 (de) | 2010-07-29 |
CN100518911C (zh) | 2009-07-29 |
AU1480202A (en) | 2002-05-21 |
WO2002038256A1 (en) | 2002-05-16 |
ATE471204T1 (de) | 2010-07-15 |
JP4355493B2 (ja) | 2009-11-04 |
EP1349644A4 (en) | 2004-02-11 |
CA2428457A1 (en) | 2002-05-16 |
EP1349644A1 (en) | 2003-10-08 |
US20050029186A1 (en) | 2005-02-10 |
JP2004523338A (ja) | 2004-08-05 |
IN222005B (ko) | 2008-08-08 |
IN2003DE00721A (ko) | 2007-02-02 |
CN1633329A (zh) | 2005-06-29 |
KR100903804B1 (ko) | 2009-06-25 |
US7404896B2 (en) | 2008-07-29 |
CA2428457C (en) | 2010-06-22 |
US20040035782A1 (en) | 2004-02-26 |
AUPR143400A0 (en) | 2000-12-07 |
US20050032982A1 (en) | 2005-02-10 |
US20050029185A1 (en) | 2005-02-10 |
EP1349644B1 (en) | 2010-06-16 |
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