KR101821530B1 - 우수한 경도 강도를 갖는 양극 재료 - Google Patents
우수한 경도 강도를 갖는 양극 재료 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Li1+x[Ni1-a-b-cMaM'bM"c]1-xO2-z
를 가지며, 상기 식에서, M은 Mn, Zr 및 Ti 군의 어느 하나 이상의 원소이고, M'은 Al, B 및 Co 군의 어느 하나 이상의 원소이며, M"은 M 및 M'과는 다른 도펀트이고, x, a, b 및 c는 몰(mol)로 나타내고, -0.02≤x≤0.02, 0≤c≤0.05, 0.10≤(a+b)≤0.65 및 0≤z≤0.05이며, 상기 분말형 재료는 BET 값 ≤ 0.37 m2/g, Dmax < 50 ㎛, 및 P = 200 MPa일 때 100%+(1-2a-b)×160% 이하의 경도 강도 지수(hardness strength index; HSI) ΔΓ(P)를 갖는 것을 특징으로 하며, 여기서
이고,
이 때, D10P=O은 비구속 분말(P = 0 MPa)의 D10 값이고, Γ0(D10P=0)은 D10P=0에서의 비구속 분말의 누적 부피 입도 분포이며, ΓP(D10P=0)은 압축성형 샘플의 D10P=0에서의 누적 부피 입도 분포이고, 여기서 P는 MPa로 나타낸 것인 리튬 2차 배터리용 분말형 양극 재료.
Description
도 2: 단축 응력 P, 실시예 1에 대해 P = 0, 100, 200 및 300 MPa의 함수로서의 누적 입도 분포 ГP의 변화 및 ГP(D10P=0)를 결정하기 위한 단계를 보여주는 확대도.
도 3: 4.2 V∼2.7 V로 사이클링할 때의 EX1, EX2 및 CEX1의 실온에서의 풀셀 사이클 수명. 사이클 수(#)의 함수로서의 잔존 용량(초기 방전 용량의 %)의 변화.
도 4: 4.2 V∼2.7 V로 사이클링할 때의 EX1, EX2 및 CEX1의 45℃에서의 풀셀 사이클 수명. 사이클 수의 함수로서의 잔존 용량(초기 방전 용량의 %)의 변화.
도 5: 실시예 1(a), 2(b) 및 반례 1(c)의 2차 입자의 횡단 SEM 및 SEM.
도 6: 4.2 V∼2.7 V로 사이클링할 때의 EX3, EX4 및 CEX2의 실온에서의 풀셀 사이클 수명. 사이클 수(#)의 함수로서의 잔존 용량(초기 방전 용량의 %)의 변화.
도 7: 4.2 V∼2.7 V로 사이클링할 때의 EX3, EX4 및 CEX2의 45℃에서의 풀셀 사이클 수명. 사이클 수(#)의 함수로서의 잔존 용량(초기 방전 용량의 %)의 변화.
도 8: 실시예 3(위쪽) 및 반례 2(아래쪽)의 2차 입자의 SEM.
도 9: 실시예 3(위쪽), 실시예 4(중간) 및 반례 2(아래쪽)의 2차 입자의 횡단 SEM.
도 10: 실시예 5(a), 실시예6(b) 및 반례 7(c)의 2차 입자의 횡단 SEM 및 SEM.
도 11: 4.2 V∼2.7 V로 사이클링할 때의 EX8, EX9 및 EX10의 실온에서의 풀셀 사이클 수명. 사이클 수(#)의 함수로서의 잔존 용량(초기 방전 용량의 %)의 변화.
도 12: 4.2 V∼2.7 V로 사이클링할 때의 EX8, EX9 및 EX10의 45℃에서의 풀셀 사이클 수명. 사이클 수(#)의 함수로서의 잔존 용량(초기 방전 용량의 %)의 변화.
도 13: 실시예 8(a), 9(b) 및 10(c)의 2차 입자의 SEM.
도 14: 2-θ(°)의 함수로서의 회절 강도(카운트)를 보여주는 실시예 1의 XRD 패턴. α-NaFeO2 셀(공간군 R-3m)의 003, 104, 015, 018, 110 및 113 반사의 위치가 표시된다.
도 15: 실시예 1에 대해 63∼70 2-θ 범위에서의 018, 110 및 113 피크의 슈도-보이트(pseudo-Voigt) 분해의 예. o는 K알파2 공제 후의 실험 데이터 Iobs.이고, ━는 3개의 슈도-보이트 함수를 이용하여 피팅한 프로파일 Icalc.이며, …은 (Iobs. - Icalc.) 양을 나타낸다.
Claims (17)
- 리튬 2차 배터리용 분말형 양극 재료로서, 상기 재료는 하기 일반식:
Li1+x[Ni1-a-b-cMaM'bM"c]1-xO2-z
를 가지며, 상기 식에서,
M은 Mn, Zr 및 Ti 군의 어느 하나 이상의 원소이고,
M'은 Al, B 및 Co 군의 어느 하나 이상의 원소이며,
M"은 M 및 M'과는 다른 도펀트이고,
x, a, b 및 c는 몰(mol)로 나타내고, -0.02≤x≤0.02, 0≤c≤0.05, 0.10≤(a+b)≤0.65 및 0≤z≤0.05이며,
상기 분말형 재료는 BET 값 ≤ 0.37 m2/g, Dmax < 50 ㎛, 및 P = 200 MPa일 때 100%+(1-2a-b)×160% 이하의 경도 강도 지수(hardness strength index; HSI) ΔΓ(P)를 갖는 것을 특징으로 하며, 여기서
이고,
이 때, D10P=O은 비구속 분말(P = 0 MPa)의 D10 값이고, Γ0(D10P=0)은 D10P=0에서의 비구속 분말의 누적 부피 입도 분포이며, ΓP(D10P=0)은 압축성형 샘플의 D10P=0에서의 누적 부피 입도 분포이고, 여기서 P는 MPa로 나타내는 것인 분말형 양극 재료. - 제1항에 있어서, M이 Mn이고, M'이 Al 및 Co 중 어느 하나인 분말형 양극 재료.
- 제1항에 있어서, P가 300 MPa일 때 ΔГ(P)≤150%+(1-2a-b)×160%인 분말형 양극 재료.
- 제1항에 있어서, P가 300 MPa일 때 ΔГ(P)≤125%+(1-2a-b)×100%인 분말형 양극 재료.
- 제1항에 있어서, P가 300 MPa일 때 ΔГ(P)≤180%인 분말형 양극 재료.
- 제1항 또는 제2항에 있어서, 1-a-b≥0.5이고, 1+x<1인 분말형 양극 재료.
- 제1항 또는 제2항에 있어서, 세척 후 BET 값이 1 m2/g을 초과하는 분말형 양극 재료.
- 제1항 또는 제2항에 있어서, 압축성형 밀도가 3.0 g/cm3를 초과하는 분말형 양극 재료.
- 제1항 또는 제2항에 있어서, 2 몰% 이하의 W, Mo, Nb, Zr, 또는 희토류 원소를 포함하는 분말형 양극 재료.
- 제1항 또는 제2항에 있어서, 가용성 염기 함량(Li2CO3 + LiOH)이 0.8 중량% 미만인 분말형 양극 재료.
- 제1항 또는 제2항에 있어서, 20 nm보다 큰 다공도를 실질적으로 갖지 않는 2차 입자를 포함하는 분말형 양극 재료.
- 제1항 또는 제2항에 있어서, 20 nm보다 큰 보이드를 20개 미만 함유하는 2차 입자를 포함하는 분말형 양극 재료.
- 제1항 또는 제2항에 있어서, R-3m 공간군을 갖는 위(僞)육방 격자에 의해 정의되는 (104) 피크의 FWHM 값이 0.125 2-θ°보다 큰 것인 분말형 양극 재료.
- 제1항 또는 제2항에 있어서, R-3m 공간군을 갖는 위육방 격자에 의해 정의되는 (015) 피크의 FWHM 값이 0.125 2-θ°보다 큰 것인 분말형 양극 재료.
- 제1항 또는 제2항에 있어서, R-3m 공간군을 갖는 위육방 격자에 의해 정의되는 (113) 피크의 FWHM 값이 0.16 2-θ°보다 큰 것인 분말형 양극 재료.
- 제1항 또는 제2항에 있어서, 제2 상 LiNx'Oy'을 가지며, 여기서, 0<x'<1이고, 0<y'<2이며, N은 W, Mo, Nb, Zr 및 희토류 원소 중 어느 하나 이상인 분말형 양극 재료.
- 일반식: Li1+x[Ni1-a-b-cMaM'bM"c]1-xO2-z를 갖는 제1항 또는 제2항에 따른 분말형 양극 재료의 제조 방법으로서,
- Ni, M, M' 및 M" 중 어느 하나 이상을 포함하는 1종 이상의 전구체 재료와 Li를 포함하는 전구체 재료의 혼합물을 제공하는 단계,
- 상기 혼합물을 (945-(248*(1-2a-b)≤T≤(985-(248*(1-2a-b))를 만족하는 ℃로 나타낸 온도 T에서 소결함으로써, 응집된 입자를 얻는 단계, 및
- 응집된 입자를 분쇄함으로써, BET ≤ 0.37 m2/g 및 Dmax < 50 ㎛인 분말을 얻는 단계
를 포함하는 제조 방법.
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PCT/IB2015/054146 WO2015189740A1 (en) | 2014-06-10 | 2015-06-01 | Positive electrode materials having a superior hardness strength |
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JP6818225B2 (ja) * | 2016-01-27 | 2021-01-20 | 住友金属鉱山株式会社 | 非水系電解質二次電池用正極活物質の製造方法 |
WO2017208703A1 (ja) | 2016-05-30 | 2017-12-07 | 日立金属株式会社 | リチウムイオン二次電池用正極活物質及びそれを含む正極、並びにその正極を備えるリチウムイオン二次電池 |
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EP3155680A1 (en) | 2017-04-19 |
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EP3155680A4 (en) | 2018-02-07 |
US10833328B2 (en) | 2020-11-10 |
TWI559604B (zh) | 2016-11-21 |
US11811061B2 (en) | 2023-11-07 |
PL3155680T3 (pl) | 2020-01-31 |
WO2015189740A1 (en) | 2015-12-17 |
CN106463724A (zh) | 2017-02-22 |
KR20170018405A (ko) | 2017-02-17 |
CN106463724B (zh) | 2019-10-22 |
US20220255075A1 (en) | 2022-08-11 |
KR101821530B9 (ko) | 2023-02-08 |
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