JPWO2015151922A1 - 溶液製膜用支持フィルムおよびそれを用いた電解質膜の製造方法 - Google Patents
溶液製膜用支持フィルムおよびそれを用いた電解質膜の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JPWO2015151922A1 JPWO2015151922A1 JP2015516926A JP2015516926A JPWO2015151922A1 JP WO2015151922 A1 JPWO2015151922 A1 JP WO2015151922A1 JP 2015516926 A JP2015516926 A JP 2015516926A JP 2015516926 A JP2015516926 A JP 2015516926A JP WO2015151922 A1 JPWO2015151922 A1 JP WO2015151922A1
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/1016—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes characterised by the electrolyte material
- H01M8/1018—Polymeric electrolyte materials
- H01M8/1069—Polymeric electrolyte materials characterised by the manufacturing processes
- H01M8/1081—Polymeric electrolyte materials characterised by the manufacturing processes starting from solutions, dispersions or slurries exclusively of polymers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
- C08J5/20—Manufacture of shaped structures of ion-exchange resins
- C08J5/22—Films, membranes or diaphragms
- C08J5/2206—Films, membranes or diaphragms based on organic and/or inorganic macromolecular compounds
- C08J5/2218—Synthetic macromolecular compounds
- C08J5/2256—Synthetic macromolecular compounds based on macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions other than those involving carbon-to-carbon bonds, e.g. obtained by polycondensation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
- C08J5/20—Manufacture of shaped structures of ion-exchange resins
- C08J5/22—Films, membranes or diaphragms
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Abstract
Description
本発明の溶液製膜用支持フィルムのベースとなるベースフィルムは、フッ素原子の導入が可能であり、かつ安価であることから、ポリエチレン、ポリプロピレン、ポリエチレンテレフタレート、ポリブチレンテレフタレート、ポリエチレンナフタレート、ポリフェニレンスルフィド、ポリスルホン、ポリエーテルケトン、ポリエーテルエーテルケトン、ポリイミド、ポリエーテルイミド、ポリアミド、ポリアミドイミド、ポリベンズイミダゾール、ポリカーボネート、ポリアリレート、ポリ塩化ビニルから選択される単独または2種以上のポリマーから形成されるものを用いるとよい。2種以上のポリマーからフィルムを形成する場合には、2種以上のブレンドポリマーからフィルムを形成してもよく、また各ポリマーから形成した層を積層した積層体としてもよい。コストの点からは1種のポリマーからなる単層フィルムを用いることが好ましい。
Eb=hν−Ekin−φsp(式1)
式1のEbは束縛電子の結合エネルギー、hνは軟X線のエネルギー、Ekinは光電子の運動エネルギー、φは分光器の仕事関数となる。ここで束縛電子の結合エネルギー(Eb)は元素固有のものとなる。よって光電子のエネルギースペクトルを解析すれば、物質表面に存在する元素の同定が可能となる。光電子が物質中を進むことができる長さ(平均自由行程)が数nmであることから、本分析手法における検出深さは数nmとなる。すなわち、本発明において、改質表面のフッ素原子数/炭素原子数の比および酸素原子数/炭素原子数の比は表面より数nmの深さの原子数比である。
励起X 線:monochromatic Al Kα1,2 線(1486.6 eV)
X 線径:100μm(分析領域:100μmφ)
光電子脱出角度:45 °(試料表面に対する検出器の傾き)
スムージング:9 points smoothing
横軸補正:C1s ピークメインピークを284.6 eV に合わせた。
本発明の溶液製膜用支持フィルムの製造方法は特に限定されず、公知の様々な方法を用いることができる。例えば、フッ素ガスによる直接フッ素化反応のほか、高原子価金属フッ化物によるフッ素化、ハロゲン交換反応を主体とした間接フッ素化、電解法によるフッ素化などが挙げられる(有機合成化学 第31巻 第6号(1973)441頁〜454頁)。これらの中でも、量産性、導入量の制御性の観点から、ベースフィルムをフッ素ガスと接触させることによる直接フッ素化反応が好ましく適用できる。
以下、本発明の溶液製膜用支持フィルムを用いた電解質膜の製造方法について説明する。本発明の溶液製膜用支持フィルムは、
工程1:電解質ポリマー溶液を支持フィルムの改質表面に塗布する工程;
工程2:工程1で塗布した電解質ポリマー溶液から溶媒を除去し、電解質ポリマー皮膜を改質表面上に形成する工程;
工程3:工程2で得た電解質ポリマー皮膜を、支持フィルムごと酸性溶液、塩基性溶液、水および有機溶媒からなる群より選択される一種以上の液体に接触させる工程;
工程4:支持フィルムから工程3で得た電解質ポリマー皮膜を剥離する工程;
を有する電解質膜の製造方法における支持フィルムとして好適に用いることができる。ここで、「電解質ポリマー」には、後の処理により電解質となる電解質前駆体ポリマーも含まれるものとする。
本発明では、X線光電子分光法で測定した値を採用する。光電子が物質中を進むことができる長さ(平均自由行程)が数nm であることから、本分析手法における検出深さは数nm となり、本発明のフッ素原子数/炭素原子数の比は表面より数nmの深さの原子比であり、炭素原子基準で(C/C=1)表した。X線光電子分光法の測定条件の一例を下記する。なお、酸素原子数/炭素原子数の比(O/C比)も同方法で取得できる。
励起X 線:monochromatic Al Kα1,2 線(1486.6 eV)
X 線径:100μm(分析領域:100μmφ)
光電子脱出角度:45 °(試料表面に対する検出器の傾き)
スムージング:9 points smoothing
横軸補正:C1s ピークメインピークを284.6 eV に合わせた。
水に対する接触角は、JIS−R3257(1999)に準拠した方法で測定した。
20重量%のスルホン化ポリエーテルケトンの前駆体(特開2006−561103号公報等参考)とN−メチル−2−ピロリドン(NMP)からなるポリマー溶液を溶液製膜用支持フィルム上に流延塗布し乾燥前の塗布膜の表面品位を目視観察で評価した。
上記の濡れ性を評価後、100℃で乾燥し、湿潤工程として60℃の10重量%硫酸水溶液に10分間浸漬し、ついで純水に30分浸漬し、溶液製膜用支持フィルム上からポリマー皮膜の剥離の有無を目視観察で評価した。
上記耐早期剥離性を評価後、80℃で水分を乾燥し、溶液製膜用支持フィルム上からポリマー皮膜を手動で剥離し、はぎ取ったポリマー皮膜の皺の状態を目視観察で評価した。
PETフィルム (東レ株式会社製“ルミラー”(登録商標)−T60、厚み125μm)をフッ素ガスおよび空気供給口と排気口を備えた20Lのステンレス製圧力容器に入れ、窒素ガスを流速100ml/minで吹き込んで1時間パージした後、フッ素/ 空気=10/90(体積比)混合ガスを流速10ml/ m i nで吹き込み10分間反応させた。引き続き窒素ガスを流速100ml/minで吹き込んで1時間パージしてから容器を開封し、溶液製膜用支持フィルムAを得た。
実施例1の、フッ素/ 空気混合ガスの比率または吹き込み時間を変えて製造し、溶液製膜用支持フィルムB〜Fを得た。これらのフッ素原子数/炭素原子数の比、酸素原子数/炭素原子数の比と水の接触角および濡れ性、耐早期剥離性、易剥離性を表1にまとめた。
搬送速度制御が可能なロール状のフィルムの巻出し部と、巻き取り部を有し、その間にフッ素および空気ガス供給口と排気口を備えたフッ素ガスとの接触室を有する連続フッ素表面処理装置を用い、搬送速度1m/minでフッ素ガスとの接触室にフッ素/空気=30/70(体積比)混合ガス10ml/minで吹き込みながら連続的にPETフィルム (東レ株式会社製“ルミラー”(登録商標)−T60、厚み125μm)の表面改質を実施し、溶液製膜用支持フィルムGの連続処理膜を得た。溶液製膜用支持フィルムGの処理面のフッ素原子数/炭素原子数の比、酸素原子数/炭素原子数の比と水の接触角および濡れ性、耐早期剥離性、易剥離性を表1にまとめた。
実施例6においてPETフィルム (東レ株式会社製“ルミラー”(登録商標)−T60、厚み125μm)をポリテトラフルオロエチレンフィルムに変更した以外は同様に実施した。フッ素原子数/炭素原子数の比、酸素原子数/炭素原子数の比と水の接触角および濡れ性、耐早期剥離性、易剥離性を表1にまとめた。の比と水の接触角および濡れ性、耐早期剥離性、易剥離性を表1にまとめた。
20重量%のスルホン化ポリエーテルケトンの前駆体(特開2006−561103号公報等参考)とN−メチル−2−ピロリドン(NMP)からなるポリマー溶液をスリットダイコーターで連続的に溶液製膜用支持フィルムGの表面改質面上に流延塗布し、150℃の熱風乾燥炉で溶媒を除去して、厚み12μmのスルホン化ポリエーテルケトンの前駆体の皮膜を溶液製膜用支持フィルムGの上に形成した。このときポリマー溶液の濡れ性は良好ではじき等の欠陥がなく、乾燥時にスルホン化ポリエーテルケトンの前駆体の皮膜の早期剥離も見られなかった。
2 ガス排出口
3 フッ素ガス接触室
4 フィルム巻出し部
5 フィルム巻き取り部
6 フィルム基材
7 支持ロール
Claims (6)
- ポリエチレン、ポリプロピレン、ポリエチレンテレフタレート、ポリブチレンテレフタレート、ポリエチレンナフタレート、ポリフェニレンスルフィド、ポリスルホン、ポリエーテルケトン、ポリエーテルエーテルケトン、ポリイミド、ポリエーテルイミド、ポリアミド、ポリアミドイミド、ポリベンズイミダゾール、ポリカーボネート、ポリアリレート、ポリ塩化ビニルからなる群より選択される1種または2種以上のポリマーから形成されたベースフィルムの少なくとも一方の表面にフッ素原子が導入されてなる溶液製膜用支持フィルムであって、該フッ素原子を導入した表面、すなわち改質表面の、X線光電子分光法で測定したフッ素原子数/炭素原子数の比が、0.02以上、0.8以下である溶液製膜用支持フィルム。
- 前記改質表面における水の接触角が、35°以上、70°以下である、請求項1に記載の溶液製膜用支持フィルム。
- 前記フッ素原子の導入は、前記ベースフィルムをフッ素ガスと接触させることにより行われたものである、請求項1または2に記載の溶液製膜用支持フィルム。
- 前記改質表面の、X線光電子分光法で測定した酸素原子数/炭素原子数の比が、0.10以上、0.60以下である、請求項1〜3のいずれかに記載の溶液製膜用支持フィルム。
- 電解質膜の溶液製膜に用いられる、請求項1〜4のいずれかに記載の溶液製膜用支持フィルム。
- 工程1:電解質ポリマー溶液を支持フィルムの改質表面に塗布する工程;
工程2:工程1で塗布した電解質ポリマー溶液から溶媒を除去し、電解質ポリマー皮膜を前記改質表面上に形成する工程;
工程3:工程2で得た電解質ポリマー皮膜を、前記支持フィルムごと酸性溶液、塩基性溶液、水および有機溶媒からなる群より選択される一種以上の液体に接触させる工程;
工程4:工程3で得た電解質ポリマー皮膜を前記支持フィルムから剥離する工程;
を有する電解質膜の製造方法であって、前記支持フィルムとして請求項1〜4のいずれかに記載の溶液製膜用支持フィルムを用いることを特徴とする電解質膜の製造方法。
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TW201542632A (zh) | 2015-11-16 |
US20170077540A1 (en) | 2017-03-16 |
TWI659984B (zh) | 2019-05-21 |
JP6555124B2 (ja) | 2019-08-07 |
CN106133037A (zh) | 2016-11-16 |
EP3127946A4 (en) | 2017-11-29 |
CA2941573A1 (en) | 2015-10-08 |
WO2015151922A1 (ja) | 2015-10-08 |
KR102308396B1 (ko) | 2021-10-06 |
EP3127946A1 (en) | 2017-02-08 |
CA2941573C (en) | 2021-12-07 |
CN106133037B (zh) | 2019-01-18 |
KR20160140734A (ko) | 2016-12-07 |
EP3127946B1 (en) | 2018-10-03 |
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