JPWO2013157064A1 - はんだ付け装置及び方法並びに製造された基板及び電子部品 - Google Patents
はんだ付け装置及び方法並びに製造された基板及び電子部品 Download PDFInfo
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- JPWO2013157064A1 JPWO2013157064A1 JP2012518679A JP2012518679A JPWO2013157064A1 JP WO2013157064 A1 JPWO2013157064 A1 JP WO2013157064A1 JP 2012518679 A JP2012518679 A JP 2012518679A JP 2012518679 A JP2012518679 A JP 2012518679A JP WO2013157064 A1 JPWO2013157064 A1 JP WO2013157064A1
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- fatty acid
- organic fatty
- containing solution
- molten solder
- processed
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K3/00—Tools, devices, or special appurtenances for soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering, not specially adapted for particular methods
- B23K3/06—Solder feeding devices; Solder melting pans
- B23K3/0607—Solder feeding devices
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- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K1/00—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering
- B23K1/08—Soldering by means of dipping in molten solder
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K1/00—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering
- B23K1/0008—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering specially adapted for particular articles or work
- B23K1/0016—Brazing of electronic components
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- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K1/00—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering
- B23K1/20—Preliminary treatment of work or areas to be soldered, e.g. in respect of a galvanic coating
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Abstract
Description
本発明に係るはんだ付け装置20及び方法は、図1に示すように、有機脂肪酸含有溶液31への浸漬処理(浸漬処理部A)、空間部32に引き上げながら行う溶融はんだ5aの付着処理(付着処理部B)、空間部32から降下させながら行う余剰の溶融はんだ5aの除去処理(除去処理部B)、及び有機脂肪酸含有溶液31への再浸漬処理(再浸漬処理部C)、を連続して行う装置及び方法である。こうしたはんだ付け装置20及び方法により、従来のディッピング処理のような銅電極の銅溶食が起こらず、しかもその後の種々の実装工程での銅溶食を起こさない基板や電子部品を製造することができる。その結果、電気的接続部である銅電極の信頼性が高く、歩留まりのよい基板や電子部品を低コストで製造することができる。
被処理部材10は、はんだ付け装置20及び方法に適用されるものであり、具体的には、プリント基板、ウエハー及びフレキシブル基板等の基板(「実装基板」ともいう。)や、コネクタ、QFP(Quad Flat Package)、SOP(Small Out line Package)、BGA(Ball Grid Array)、半導体チップ、チップ抵抗、チップコンデンサ、ジャンパー配線材等の電子部品を挙げることができる。また、ここに例示したもの以外の公知の基板や電子部品、さらには今後開発される新しい基板や電子部品を含む。
被処理部材10は、図1の投入部21の投入口26から装置20内に投入される。投入された被処理部材10は、浸漬処理部Aで、有機脂肪酸含有溶液槽22に降下して有機脂肪酸含有溶液31に浸漬する。こうした有機脂肪酸含有溶液槽22は、有機脂肪酸含有溶液31を一定量満たしている。有機脂肪酸含有溶液槽22の大きさ及び形状は特に限定されないが、被処理部材10を有機脂肪酸含有溶液31に浸漬できる十分な大きさと形状であり、被処理部材10の連続な搬送に支障のない大きさと形状で構成されていることが好ましい。図1の例では、有機脂肪酸含有溶液槽22は矩形又は円筒形の水槽構造で構成されており、その浸漬処理部Aは有機脂肪酸含有溶液槽22のやや周縁部に位置している。そして、後述する再浸漬処理部Cの対称位置にある。なお、浸漬した被処理部材10は、後述する溶融はんだ付着処理のために引き上げられる箇所まで水平方向に水平移動する。
被処理部材10は、図1に示すように、浸漬処理部Aの有機脂肪酸含有溶液31で処理された後、処理部Bである空間部24に引き上げられる。空間部24は、有機脂肪酸含有溶液31と同じ又は略同じ有機脂肪酸含有溶液31の蒸気雰囲気の加圧された空間部であって、被処理部材10に設けられている銅電極2に向けて溶融はんだ5aの噴流5’を吹き付ける噴射手段33及び余剰の溶融はんだ5aに有機脂肪酸含有溶液31を吹き付けて除去する噴射手段34を水平方向に離して配置している空間部である。
処理部Bである空間部24では、被処理部材10の銅電極2に向けて溶融はんだ5aの噴射処理(付着処理ともいう。)を行う。すなわち、有機脂肪酸含有溶液31から上方の空間部24に被処理部材10を引き上げながら、その被処理部材10に対して溶融はんだ5aの噴流5’を噴射させて、銅電極2上に溶融はんだ5aを付着させる。噴射処理は、溶融はんだ5aの噴流5’を吹き付ける噴射手段33によって行われ、例えば図1に示すように、噴射ノズル33が好ましく用いられる。この噴射ノズル33は、銅電極2が設けられている面の側に配置されていることが好ましいが、通常、被処理部材10の両面側に配置されている。
溶融はんだ5aが盛られた被処理部材10は、図1に示すように、空間部24内に引き上げられた後に空間部24内を水平方向に移動し、その後、余剰の溶融はんだ5aに有機脂肪酸含有溶液31’を吹き付けて除去する工程に移行する。その除去工程は、被処理部材10を有機脂肪酸含有溶液31中に降下させながら、その途中の空間部24内に配置された噴射手段34から有機脂肪酸含有溶液31’を吹き付けて行う工程である。この除去工程により、図4(C)及び図6に示すように、銅電極2上に盛り上がった溶融はんだ5aを除去して、除去しきれない溶融はんだ5aのみを残すことができる。除去しきれない溶融はんだ5aとは、銅電極2上に形成されたCuNiSn金属間化合物層4に付着した溶融はんだ5aのことであり、その付着した溶融はんだ5aがはんだ層5を構成する。
空間部24の下方の有機脂肪酸含有溶液槽22の底部には、図1に示すように、噴射手段33から噴射した溶融はんだ5aや噴射手段34で掻き落とされた溶融はんだ5aが比重差で沈んでいる。図1に示すように、沈んだ溶融はんだ5aを回収して再利用するための循環装置37が設けられていてもよい。この循環装置37は、有機脂肪酸含有溶液槽22の底に貯まった溶融はんだ5aを、溶融はんだ5aを吹き付ける噴射手段33に送っている。
空間部24内を降下させながら余剰の溶融はんだ5aを除去した被処理部材10は、再び有機脂肪酸含有溶液31中に浸漬する。再浸漬処理部Cは、例えば図1に示すように、有機脂肪酸含有溶液槽22と同じ槽内に位置したやや周縁部にあり、処理部Bで処理された被処理部材10が再び有機脂肪酸含有溶液31に投入される領域である。そして、前述した浸漬処理部Aの対称位置にある。
再浸漬処理部Cから引き上げられた後は、図1に示す排出部23の空間で、処理部材11の表面に付着した有機脂肪酸含有溶液31を液切りする。こうした液切りにより、余剰に付着した有機脂肪酸含有溶液31を除去することができる。この液切りは、エアーノズル等の噴射手段39を用いることが好ましい。このときの噴射手段39の噴射圧力は特に限定されず、処理部材11の大きさや形状に応じて任意に設定される。こうして、処理後の処理部材11を得ることができる。
本発明に係る基板10は、図3及び図4(D)に示すように、上記本発明に係るはんだ付け装置20又ははんだ付け方法で製造された基板であって、その基板10が有する銅電極2は、その表面から、銅溶食防止層4、はんだ層5及び有機脂肪酸コーティング層6の順で設けられている。基板10としては、プリント基板、ウエハー及びフレキシブル基板等の各種の基板を挙げることができる。特にウエハーは、電極の幅やピッチが狭いので、本発明に係る装置及び方法を適用することが好ましく、狭ピッチの微細電極に、はんだ層5を精度よく設けることができる。また、大きな電子部品を設けるプリント基板やフレキシブル基板の場合も、そのはんだ層5の表面を清浄化した状態で保持し、又はその後の工程で処理できるので、信頼性がある基板として用いることができる。
一例として、基材1に幅が例えば200μmで厚さが例えば10μmの銅配線パターンが形成された基板10を準備した。この基板10は、銅配線パターンのうち、電子部品の実装部分となる幅が例えば200μmで長さが例えば50μmの銅電極2のみが多数露出し、他の銅配線パターンは絶縁層で覆われている。
実施例1において、はんだ材料として、Ag:3質量%、Cu:0.5質量%、残部がSnからなる3元系鉛フリーはんだを用いた他は、実施例1と同様にして、比較例1の基板を得た。実施例1と同様に、断面の走査型電子顕微鏡写真から、CuNiSn金属間化合物層は存在せず(図11(A)を参照。)、銅電極2上には、CuSn金属間化合物層7が形成されていた。また、図11(B)は、150℃で240時間エージングした後のはんだ層5の断面の走査型電子顕微鏡写真である。ボイド等の不具合が発生していた。
実施例1において、基材1として、幅が約25μmで厚さが約9μmの銅電極をピッチ約55μmで形成した基板10(例えば図13及び図14を参照。)を用いた。それ以外は、実施例1と同じにして、実施例2の基板11を得た。
2 銅電極
3 コーティング層
4 銅溶食防止層
5 はんだ層
5’ 溶融はんだの噴流
5a 溶融はんだ
6 コーティング層
7 CuSn化合物層
11 処理部材(基板又は電子部品)
20 はんだ付け装置
21 投入部
22 有機脂肪酸含有溶液槽
23 排出部
24 空間部
25 密閉カバー
26 投入口
27 排出口
28 搬送手段(ベルトコンベアー)
31 有機脂肪酸含有溶液
31’ 有機脂肪酸含有溶液の噴流
32 有機脂肪酸含有溶液の蒸気雰囲気
33 噴射手段(溶融はんだの噴射ノズル)
34 噴射手段(有機脂肪酸含有溶液の噴射ノズル)
35 溶融はんだの供給経路
36 有機脂肪酸含有溶液の供給経路
37 溶融はんだの循環装置
39 噴射手段(余剰の有機脂肪酸含有溶液の除去手段)
40 電子部品
41 素子
42 電子部品の保持ジグ
51,52 半導体チップ
A 浸漬処理部
B 溶融はんだ付着処理部及び余剰の溶融はんだの除去処理部
C 再浸漬処理部
Claims (11)
- 銅電極を有する被処理部材を有機脂肪酸含有溶液に浸漬し、浸漬した前記被処理部材を前記有機脂肪酸含有溶液中で水平移動する第1処理部と、
該第1処理部で処理した前記被処理部材を上方向の蒸気雰囲気の空間部に引き上げながら、前記被処理部材に向けて溶融はんだの噴流を吹き付ける噴射手段を備えた第2処理部と、
該第2処理部で処理した前記被処理部材を前記空間部中で水平移動した後に前記有機脂肪酸含有溶液中に降下させながら、前記被処理部材上の余剰の溶融はんだに前記有機脂肪酸含有溶液を吹き付けて除去する噴射手段を備えた第3処理部と、
該第3処理部で処理した前記被処理部材を前記有機脂肪酸含有溶液中で水平移動した後に上方向に引き上げて溶液外に取り出す第4処理部と、を備え、
前記被処理部材を前記第1処理部から第4処理部に連続して移動する搬送手段と、前記第1処理部に前記被処理部材を投入する投入口及び前記第4処理部から処理後の前記被処理部材を排出する排出口が設けられており、それ以外は密閉又は略密閉されていることを特徴とするはんだ付け装置。 - 前記有機脂肪酸含有溶液がパルミチン酸含有溶液である、請求項1に記載のはんだ付け装置。
- 前記溶融はんだが前記有機脂肪酸含有溶液で処理された溶融はんだである、請求項1又は2に記載のはんだ付け装置。
- 前記余剰の溶融はんだを除去する液体が前記有機脂肪酸含有溶液である、請求項1〜3のいずれか1項に記載のはんだ付け装置。
- 前記第4処理部で処理した後に前記被処理部材の表面に付着した有機脂肪酸含有溶液を液切りする噴射手段をさらに備える、請求項1〜4のいずれか1項に記載のはんだ付け装置。
- 前記空間部が、前記有機脂肪酸含有溶液の蒸気によって加圧されている、請求項1〜3のいずれか1項に記載のはんだ付け装置。
- 前記空間部の温度と前記有機脂肪酸含有溶液の温度とが同じであり、該空間部内の温度が、該空間部内で吹き付ける溶融はんだの温度と同じ又はその温度よりも高い、請求項1〜6のいずれか1項に記載のはんだ付け装置。
- 前記噴射手段の下方の前記有機脂肪酸含有溶液の底に貯まった溶融はんだを回収して、前記溶融はんだを吹き付ける前記噴射手段に送るための循環装置を備える、請求項1〜7のいずれか1項に記載のはんだ付け装置。
- 銅電極を有する被処理部材を有機脂肪酸含有溶液に浸漬し、浸漬した前記被処理部材を前記有機脂肪酸含有溶液中で水平移動する第1処理工程と、
該第1処理工程で処理した前記被処理部材を上方向の蒸気雰囲気の空間部に引き上げながら、前記被処理部材に向けて溶融はんだの噴流を吹き付ける第2処理工程と、
該第2処理工程で処理した前記被処理部材を前記空間部中で水平移動した後に前記有機脂肪酸含有溶液中に降下させながら、前記被処理部材上の余剰の溶融はんだに液体を吹き付けて除去する第3処理工程と、
該第3処理工程で処理した前記被処理部材を前記有機脂肪酸含有溶液中で水平移動した後に上方向に引き上げて溶液外に取り出す第4処理工程と、を備え、
前記被処理部材を前記第1処理工程から第4処理工程に連続して移動する搬送手段と、前記第1処理工程に前記被処理部材を投入する投入口と、前記第4処理工程から処理後の前記被処理部材を排出する排出口とを有し、該投入口及び該排出口以外は密閉又は略密閉されているはんだ付け装置を使用することを特徴とする。 - 請求項1〜8のいずれか1項に記載のはんだ付け装置又は請求項9に記載のはんだ付け方法で製造された基板であって、該基板が有する銅電極は、その表面から、銅溶食防止層、はんだ層及び有機脂肪酸コーティング層の順で設けられていることに特徴とする基板。
- 請求項1〜8のいずれか1項に記載のはんだ付け装置又は請求項9に記載のはんだ付け方法で製造された電子部品であって、該電子部品が有する銅電極は、その表面から、銅溶食防止層、はんだ層及び有機脂肪酸コーティング層の順で設けられていることに特徴とする電子部品。
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US20140212678A1 (en) | 2014-07-31 |
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