JPH0336420B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPH0336420B2 JPH0336420B2 JP59033034A JP3303484A JPH0336420B2 JP H0336420 B2 JPH0336420 B2 JP H0336420B2 JP 59033034 A JP59033034 A JP 59033034A JP 3303484 A JP3303484 A JP 3303484A JP H0336420 B2 JPH0336420 B2 JP H0336420B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- sulfonic acid
- naphthoquinonediazide
- acid ester
- cresol
- xylenol
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 229920003986 novolac Polymers 0.000 claims description 37
- 239000011342 resin composition Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- RLSSMJSEOOYNOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N m-cresol Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC(O)=C1 RLSSMJSEOOYNOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- IWDCLRJOBJJRNH-UHFFFAOYSA-N p-cresol Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 IWDCLRJOBJJRNH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000002485 formyl group Chemical class [H]C(*)=O 0.000 claims 1
- 125000002256 xylenyl group Chemical class C1(C(C=CC=C1)C)(C)* 0.000 claims 1
- 229920002120 photoresistant polymer Polymers 0.000 description 16
- TUAMRELNJMMDMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,5-xylenol Chemical compound CC1=CC(C)=CC(O)=C1 TUAMRELNJMMDMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- -1 fluorine ions Chemical class 0.000 description 13
- 238000001312 dry etching Methods 0.000 description 12
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 12
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 8
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(O)=O MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- LNTHITQWFMADLM-UHFFFAOYSA-N gallic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC(O)=C(O)C(O)=C1 LNTHITQWFMADLM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 6
- 150000003739 xylenols Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 150000001299 aldehydes Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- UYEMGAFJOZZIFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC(O)=CC(O)=C1 UYEMGAFJOZZIFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 4
- WGTYBPLFGIVFAS-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetramethylammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].C[N+](C)(C)C WGTYBPLFGIVFAS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Butanone Chemical compound CCC(C)=O ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QTWJRLJHJPIABL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylphenol;3-methylphenol;4-methylphenol Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(O)C=C1.CC1=CC=CC(O)=C1.CC1=CC=CC=C1O QTWJRLJHJPIABL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229930003836 cresol Natural products 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 3
- FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCC(O)=O FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- KBPLFHHGFOOTCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Octanol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCO KBPLFHHGFOOTCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QWBBPBRQALCEIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3-dimethylphenol Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC(O)=C1C QWBBPBRQALCEIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PAPNRQCYSFBWDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,5-Dimethyl-1H-pyrrole Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(C)N1 PAPNRQCYSFBWDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OJVAMHKKJGICOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,5-hexanedione Chemical compound CC(=O)CCC(C)=O OJVAMHKKJGICOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NKTOLZVEWDHZMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,5-xylenol Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(C)C(O)=C1 NKTOLZVEWDHZMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NXXYKOUNUYWIHA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,6-Dimethylphenol Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC(C)=C1O NXXYKOUNUYWIHA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZNQVEEAIQZEUHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethoxyethanol Chemical compound CCOCCO ZNQVEEAIQZEUHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SVONRAPFKPVNKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethoxyethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOCCOC(C)=O SVONRAPFKPVNKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XLLIQLLCWZCATF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methoxyethyl acetate Chemical compound COCCOC(C)=O XLLIQLLCWZCATF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YCOXTKKNXUZSKD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,4-xylenol Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(O)C=C1C YCOXTKKNXUZSKD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YEJRWHAVMIAJKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Butyrolactone Chemical compound O=C1CCCO1 YEJRWHAVMIAJKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorane Chemical compound F KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QIGBRXMKCJKVMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydroquinone Chemical compound OC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 QIGBRXMKCJKVMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GLUUGHFHXGJENI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Piperazine Chemical compound C1CNCCN1 GLUUGHFHXGJENI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NQRYJNQNLNOLGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Piperidine Chemical compound C1CCNCC1 NQRYJNQNLNOLGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 2
- KAESVJOAVNADME-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyrrole Chemical compound C=1C=CNC=1 KAESVJOAVNADME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001335 aliphatic alkanes Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- HUMNYLRZRPPJDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzaldehyde Chemical compound O=CC1=CC=CC=C1 HUMNYLRZRPPJDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QUKGYYKBILRGFE-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OCC1=CC=CC=C1 QUKGYYKBILRGFE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- JHIVVAPYMSGYDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexanone Chemical compound O=C1CCCCC1 JHIVVAPYMSGYDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- MTZQAGJQAFMTAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl benzoate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 MTZQAGJQAFMTAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethylene glycol Natural products OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HYBBIBNJHNGZAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N furfural Chemical compound O=CC1=CC=CO1 HYBBIBNJHNGZAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FFUAGWLWBBFQJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexamethyldisilazane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)N[Si](C)(C)C FFUAGWLWBBFQJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 2
- HJOVHMDZYOCNQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N isophorone Chemical compound CC1=CC(=O)CC(C)(C)C1 HJOVHMDZYOCNQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanoic acid Natural products OC=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- ZWRUINPWMLAQRD-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCO ZWRUINPWMLAQRD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IXQGCWUGDFDQMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N o-Hydroxyethylbenzene Natural products CCC1=CC=CC=C1O IXQGCWUGDFDQMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QWVGKYWNOKOFNN-UHFFFAOYSA-N o-cresol Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1O QWVGKYWNOKOFNN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WWZKQHOCKIZLMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N octanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC(O)=O WWZKQHOCKIZLMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000006408 oxalic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229960003742 phenol Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012643 polycondensation polymerization Methods 0.000 description 2
- WGYKZJWCGVVSQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylamine Chemical compound CCCN WGYKZJWCGVVSQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WQGWDDDVZFFDIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrogallol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC(O)=C1O WQGWDDDVZFFDIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GHMLBKRAJCXXBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N resorcinol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC(O)=C1 GHMLBKRAJCXXBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- IMNIMPAHZVJRPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylenediamine Chemical compound C1CN2CCN1CC2 IMNIMPAHZVJRPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BJTXPZYDJTYEBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,13-bis(2,3,4-trihydroxyphenyl)tridecan-7-one Chemical compound OC1=C(O)C(O)=CC=C1CCCCCCC(=O)CCCCCCC1=CC=C(O)C(O)=C1O BJTXPZYDJTYEBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BPIUIOXAFBGMNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-hexoxyhexane Chemical compound CCCCCCOCCCCCC BPIUIOXAFBGMNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HTQNYBBTZSBWKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3,4-trihydroxbenzophenone Chemical compound OC1=C(O)C(O)=CC=C1C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 HTQNYBBTZSBWKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KUFFULVDNCHOFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4-xylenol Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(O)C(C)=C1 KUFFULVDNCHOFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SBASXUCJHJRPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxyethoxy)ethanol Chemical compound COCCOCCO SBASXUCJHJRPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XNWFRZJHXBZDAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-METHOXYETHANOL Chemical compound COCCO XNWFRZJHXBZDAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QCDWFXQBSFUVSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-phenoxyethanol Chemical compound OCCOC1=CC=CC=C1 QCDWFXQBSFUVSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WJQOZHYUIDYNHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-tert-Butylphenol Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=CC=CC=C1O WJQOZHYUIDYNHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ITQTTZVARXURQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-methylpyridine Chemical compound CC1=CC=CN=C1 ITQTTZVARXURQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3-methoxyphenyl)aniline Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC(N)=CC=2)=C1 OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UNDXPKDBFOOQFC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-[2-nitro-4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]morpholine Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)C1=CC(C(F)(F)F)=CC=C1N1CCOCC1 UNDXPKDBFOOQFC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WTQZSMDDRMKJRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-diazoniophenolate Chemical class [O-]C1=CC=C([N+]#N)C=C1 WTQZSMDDRMKJRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DKPFZGUDAPQIHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butyl acetate Natural products CCCCOC(C)=O DKPFZGUDAPQIHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005635 Caprylic acid (CAS 124-07-2) Substances 0.000 description 1
- IEPRKVQEAMIZSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Di-Et ester-Fumaric acid Natural products CCOC(=O)C=CC(=O)OCC IEPRKVQEAMIZSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IEPRKVQEAMIZSS-WAYWQWQTSA-N Diethyl maleate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)\C=C/C(=O)OCC IEPRKVQEAMIZSS-WAYWQWQTSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001174 Diethylhydroxylamine Polymers 0.000 description 1
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene carbonate Chemical compound O=C1OCCO1 KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UEEJHVSXFDXPFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-dimethylaminoethanol Chemical compound CN(C)CCO UEEJHVSXFDXPFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930040373 Paraformaldehyde Natural products 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethanolamine Chemical compound OCCN(CCO)CCO GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IKHGUXGNUITLKF-XPULMUKRSA-N acetaldehyde Chemical compound [14CH]([14CH3])=O IKHGUXGNUITLKF-XPULMUKRSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940022663 acetate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000011054 acetic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonia Natural products N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003863 ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- HOPRXXXSABQWAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N anhydrous collidine Natural products CC1=CC=NC(C)=C1C HOPRXXXSABQWAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000004945 aromatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229940007550 benzyl acetate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- HQABUPZFAYXKJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N butan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCN HQABUPZFAYXKJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- AZFVLHQDIIJLJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloromethylsilane Chemical compound [SiH3]CCl AZFVLHQDIIJLJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UTBIMNXEDGNJFE-UHFFFAOYSA-N collidine Natural products CC1=CC=C(C)C(C)=N1 UTBIMNXEDGNJFE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229960002887 deanol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- WYACBZDAHNBPPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethyl oxalate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C(=O)OCC WYACBZDAHNBPPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XXJWXESWEXIICW-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylene glycol monoethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCCOCCO XXJWXESWEXIICW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940075557 diethylene glycol monoethyl ether Drugs 0.000 description 1
- FVCOIAYSJZGECG-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylhydroxylamine Chemical compound CCN(O)CC FVCOIAYSJZGECG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012972 dimethylethanolamine Substances 0.000 description 1
- WEHWNAOGRSTTBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipropylamine Chemical compound CCCNCCC WEHWNAOGRSTTBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BNIILDVGGAEEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-L disodium hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].OP([O-])([O-])=O BNIILDVGGAEEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910000397 disodium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019800 disodium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019253 formic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000008282 halocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000004356 hydroxy functional group Chemical group O* 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920003049 isoprene rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N methanone Chemical compound O=[14CH2] WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000007522 mineralic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- GNVRJGIVDSQCOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-ethyl-n-methylethanamine Chemical compound CCN(C)CC GNVRJGIVDSQCOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960002446 octanoic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000005985 organic acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QNGNSVIICDLXHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N para-ethylbenzaldehyde Natural products CCC1=CC=C(C=O)C=C1 QNGNSVIICDLXHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002866 paraformaldehyde Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000000059 patterning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- WVDDGKGOMKODPV-ZQBYOMGUSA-N phenyl(114C)methanol Chemical compound O[14CH2]C1=CC=CC=C1 WVDDGKGOMKODPV-ZQBYOMGUSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011118 potassium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene carbonate Chemical compound CC1COC(=O)O1 RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003242 quaternary ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000007261 regionalization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-M salicylate Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1C([O-])=O YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000017550 sodium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000011121 sodium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000019795 sodium metasilicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001488 sodium phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019794 sodium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003459 sulfonic acid esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- GFYHSKONPJXCDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N sym-collidine Natural products CC1=CN=C(C)C(C)=C1 GFYHSKONPJXCDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940073455 tetraethylammonium hydroxide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- LRGJRHZIDJQFCL-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetraethylazanium;hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].CC[N+](CC)(CC)CC LRGJRHZIDJQFCL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- TXEYQDLBPFQVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrafluoromethane Chemical compound FC(F)(F)F TXEYQDLBPFQVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K trisodium phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 229910000406 trisodium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019801 trisodium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001039 wet etching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/004—Photosensitive materials
- G03F7/022—Quinonediazides
- G03F7/023—Macromolecular quinonediazides; Macromolecular additives, e.g. binders
- G03F7/0233—Macromolecular quinonediazides; Macromolecular additives, e.g. binders characterised by the polymeric binders or the macromolecular additives other than the macromolecular quinonediazides
- G03F7/0236—Condensation products of carbonyl compounds and phenolic compounds, e.g. novolak resins
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Non-Silver Salt Photosensitive Materials And Non-Silver Salt Photography (AREA)
- Phenolic Resins Or Amino Resins (AREA)
Description
æ¬çºæã¯ããžåæå
æ§æš¹èçµæç©ã«é¢ããã
åŸæ¥ãéç©åè·¯ãäœè£œããããã®ããã¬ãžã¹ã
ãšããŠã¯ãç°åã€ãœãã¬ã³ãŽã ã«ãã¹ã¢ãžãåå
ç©ãé åãããã¬åããã¬ãžã¹ããç¥ãããŠã
ããããããã®ãã¬åããã¬ãžã¹ãã¯è§£å床ã«é
çããããããéç©åè·¯ã®é«éç©åã«åå察å¿ã§
ããªãæ¬ ç¹ãæãããäžæ¹ããã®ãã¬åããã¬ãž
ã¹ãã«æ¯ã¹ãããžåããã¬ãžã¹ãã¯ã解å床ãåª
ããŠãããããéç©åè·¯ã®é«éç©åã«åå察å¿ã
ãããã®ãšæåŸ ãããŠããã çŸåšãéç©åè·¯äœè£œã®ããã«äœ¿çšãããŠããã
ãžåããã¬ãžã¹ãã®å€§éšåã¯ãã¢ã«ã«ãªå¯æº¶æ§ã
ãã©ãã¯æš¹èã«ïŒïŒïŒâããã³ãžã¢ãžãååç©ã
æ·»å ããçŸå液ã§ããã¢ã«ã«ãªæ§æ°Žæº¶æ¶²ã«å¯Ÿãã
溶解æ§ãäœäžããã該ïŒïŒïŒâããã³ã¢ãžãåå
ç©ãå ã«ãã€ãŠåå¿ããã¢ã«ã«ãªå¯æº¶æ§ãšãªãæ§
質ãå©çšãããã®ã§ããããã®ããã©ãã¯æš¹èç³»
ããžåããã¬ãžã¹ãã¯ãïŒïŒïŒâããã³ãžã¢ãžã
ååç©ãå€éã«é åããããåŸãªãããã«ç°åãŽ
ã ç³»ãã¬åããã¬ãžã¹ãããäœæ床ã§ããã ããã©ãã¯æš¹èç³»ããžåããã¬ãžã¹ãã®æ床ã
åäžãããããã«ãïŒïŒïŒâããã³ãžã¢ãžãåå
ç©ã®æ·»å éãäžãããšé²å åã®ã¬ãžã¹ãå¡èã®ã¢
ã«ã«ãªæ§æ°Žæº¶æ¶²ã«å¯Ÿãã溶解æ§ã幟åé«ãŸããã
ããã¹ã¯ãéããŠé²å ããåŸã®çŸåæ§ãèŠæãäž
åäžããæ床ãé«ããªã€ãããã«ã¿ããããã
ããã¬ãžã¹ããã¿ãŒã³ãšããŠæ®ãã¹ãæªé²å éšå
ããé²å éšåã»ã©ã§ã¯ãªãããïŒïŒïŒâããã³ãž
ã¢ãžãååç©ã®æ·»å éãå°ãªãããã«å¹Ÿå溶解
ãããã¿ãŒã³ã®é«ããæžããçµæãšãªããã¬ãžã¹
ããã¿ãŒã³ãšããŠæ®ãã¹ãæªé²å éšåã®é²å åãš
çŸååŸã®é«ãã®æ¯ãæ®èçãšããããåŸæ¥ã®ãã
ã©ãã¯æš¹èç³»ããžåããã¬ãžã¹ãã¯ããã®æ®èç
ãäœããã®ã§ãã€ããæ®èçãäœãããã©ãã¯æš¹
èç³»ããžåããã¬ãžã¹ãããè¡šé¢ã«æ®µå·®æ§é ãæ
ããåºæ¿ã«å¡åžããé²å ããçŸåããŠã¬ãžã¹ãã
ã¿ãŒã³ã圢æãããšã段差éšãã¬ãžã¹ããã¿ãŒã³
ãå åã«è¢«èŠã§ããªãã®ã§ãæ£åžžãªéç©åè·¯ãäœ
補ããããšãå°é£ãšãªãã ãŸããéç©åè·¯äœè£œå·¥çšã«ãããã¬ãžã¹ããã¿
ãŒã³åœ¢æåŸã®ãšããã³ã°å·¥çšã«ãããŠãããåæ°Ž
çŽ é žãç¡é žããªã³é žçããšããã€ã³ããšããŠäœ¿çš
ãããŠãšãããšããã³ã°æ¹åŒãçšãããšãåºæ¿ã®
åãæ¹åã®ã¿ããšããã³ã°ããããšãé£ããããµ
ã€ããšããã³ã°ãŸãã¯ã¢ã³ããŒãšããã³ã°ãåæ
ã«èµ·ãããšãé¿ããããªãããã解å床ãäžãã
ããªããšããæ¬ ç¹ãããããã®æ¬ ç¹ãããã»ã¹ç
ã«è§£æ±ºããããã«ã¯ãããã²ã³åçåæ°ŽçŽ çãã
ã©ãºãåããŠãšããã€ã³ããšãããã©ã€ãšããã³
ã°æ¹åŒã®æ¡çšã奜é©ã§ããããããããã®æ¹æ³ã«
ãããšãããçŽ ã€ãªã³ãå¡©çŽ ã€ãªã³çã®åå¿æ§ã€
ãªã³ãã¬ãžã¹ããã¿ãŒã³ããæ»æãããããã¬ãž
ã¹ãã®èãã©ã€ãšããã³ã°æ§ãæªããšãåºæ¿ã®æž©
床ãäžæããããšãšçžä¿ã€ãŠãã¬ãžã¹ããã¿ãŒã³
ã®æå·ã倧ãããåºæ¿ã®å 工粟床ãæªããªããé
ç©åè·¯çç£ã®æ©çããæªåãããããšã«ãªããã
ãã©ãã¯æš¹èç³»ããžåããã¬ãžã¹ãã¯ãèãã©ã€
ãšããã³ã°æ§ãä»ã®ã¬ãžã¹ããšæ¯èŒããŠè¯ããšèš
ãããŠããããåŸæ¥ã®ããã©ãã¯æš¹èç³»ããã¬ãž
ã¹ãã§ã¯ãååæºè¶³ããã¬ãã«ã«ã¯éããŠããª
ãã æ¬çºæè ãã¯ãããæ¬ ç¹ãæ¹è¯ããããã«éæ
ç 究ã®çµæãç¹å®ã®ã¢ã«ã«ãªå¯æº¶æ§ããã©ãã¯æš¹
èã«ïŒïŒïŒâããã³ãžã¢ãžãååç©ãé åãã
ãšãäžèšæ¬ ç¹ã解決ãããããšãèŠåºããæ¬çºæ
ã«å°éããã ããªãã¡ãæ¬çºæã®èŠæšã¯ãã¢ã«ã«ãªå¯æº¶æ§ã
ãã©ãã¯æš¹èãšïŒïŒïŒâããã³ãžã¢ãžãååç©ãš
ãããªãããžåæå æ§æš¹èçµæç©ã«ãããŠã該ã¢
ã«ã«ãªå¯æº¶æ§ããã©ãã¯æš¹èãïœâã¯ã¬ãŸãŒã«ãš
ãã·ã¬ããŒã«ãšãå«æããïœâã¯ã¬ãŸãŒã«ãå«æ
ããªãçž®åã¢ãããŒãã¢ã«ãããé¡ãçšããŠçž®å
ããããã©ãã¯æš¹èã§ããããšãç¹åŸŽãšããããž
åæå æ§æš¹èçµæç©ã«ããã æ¬çºæã§äœ¿çšãããã¢ã«ã«ãªå¯æº¶æ§ããã©ãã¯
æš¹èã¯ãïœâã¯ã¬ãŸãŒã«ãšãã·ã¬ããŒã«ãšãã¢ã«
ãããé¡ãçšããŠçž®åããããã©ãã¯æš¹èã§ã
ããäžèšãã·ã¬ããŒã«ãšããŠã¯ãïŒïŒïŒâãã·ã¬
ããŒã«ãïŒïŒïŒâãã·ã¬ããŒã«ãïŒïŒïŒâãã·ã¬
ããŒã«ãïŒïŒïŒâãã·ã¬ããŒã«ãïŒïŒïŒâãã·ã¬
ããŒã«ãïŒïŒïŒâãã·ã¬ããŒã«çãæããããšã
ã§ããã äžèšã¢ã«ã«ãªå¯æº¶æ§ããã©ãã¯æš¹èã¯ãæ¬çºæ
ã®å¹æãããçºæ®ããããã«ãïœâã¯ã¬ãŸãŒã«ïŒ
ãã·ã¬ããŒã«ã®ã¢ãããŒä»èŸŒã¿çµæã30ã95ïŒïŒ
ã70ïŒã¢ã«æ¯ïŒãç¹ã«50ã95ïŒïŒã50ïŒã¢ã«æ¯ïŒãš
ããŠãã¢ã«ãããé¡ãçšããŠçž®åãããããã©ã
ã¯æš¹èã奜ãŸããã ãŸããæ¬çºæã«ãããã¢ã«ã«ãªå¯æº¶æ§ããã©ã
ã¯æš¹èã«ã¯ãå ±çž®åå¯èœãªã¢ãããŒãäŸãã°ãã
ãšããŒã«ãïœâã¯ã¬ãŸãŒã«ããšãã«ããšããŒã«ã
ïœâããã«ããšããŒã«ãïŒïŒïŒâãžããããã·ã
ã³ãŒã³ãïŒïŒïŒâãžããããã·ãã³ãŒã³ãããªã
ãããã·ãã³ãŒã³çïŒäœãïœâã¯ã¬ãŸãŒã«ãé€
ãïŒããæ¬çºæã®å¹æãéžè±ããªãçšåºŠã«å ±çž®å
ããããšãã§ããã äžèšã¢ã«ã«ãªå¯æº¶æ§ããã©ãã¯æš¹èã¯ãäžèšã¢
ãããŒãé žæ§è§Šåªã®ååšäžãã¢ã«ãããé¡ãšçž®å
ãããŠåæãããã çšããã¢ã«ãããé¡ãšããŠã¯ãäŸãã°ãã«ã ã¢
ã«ãããããã©ãã«ã ã¢ã«ãããããã«ãã©ãŒ
ã«ãã¢ã»ãã¢ã«ãããããã³ãºã¢ã«ãããçãæ
ããããšãã§ãããã奜ãŸããã¯ãã«ã ã¢ã«ãã
ãã§ããã äžèšé žæ§è§ŠåªãšããŠã¯ãå¡©é žãç¡é žãç¡«é žçã®
ç¡æ©é žãã®é žãèé žãé ¢é žçã®ææ©é žã䜿çšãã
ããšãã§ããã äžèšã¢ã«ãããé¡ã®äœ¿çšéã¯ãæå®ã®ã¢ãããŒ
ïŒã¢ã«ã«å¯ŸããŠ0.7ãïŒã¢ã«ãäžèšé žæ§è§Šåªã®äœ¿
çšéã¯ãæå®ã®ã¢ãããŒïŒã¢ã«ã«å¯ŸããŠïŒÃ10-4
ãïŒÃ10-3ã¢ã«ãäžè¬çã§ããããŸãåå¿æž©åºŠ
ã¯ãéåžž70ã130âã§ããã æ¬çºæã§äœ¿çšãããïŒïŒïŒâããã³ãžã¢ãžãå
åç©ã¯ãç¹ã«éå®ããããã®ã§ã¯ãªãããäŸãã°
ïŒïŒïŒâãã³ãŸããã³ãžã¢ãžãâïŒâã¹ã«ãã³é ž
ãšã¹ãã«ãïŒïŒïŒâãããããã³ãžã¢ãžãâïŒâ
ã¹ã«ãã³é žãšã¹ãã«ãïŒïŒïŒâãããããã³ãžã¢
ãžãâïŒâã¹ã«ãã³é žãšã¹ãã«çãæããããšã
ã§ãããå ·äœçã«ã¯ãïœâã¯ã¬ãŸãŒã«âïŒïŒïŒâ
ãã³ãŸããã³ãžã¢ãžãâïŒâã¹ã«ãã³é žãšã¹ã
ã«ãã¬ãŸã«ã·ã³âïŒïŒïŒâãããããã³ãžã¢ãžã
âïŒâã¹ã«ãã³é žãšã¹ãã«ãããã¬ããŒã«âïŒïŒ
ïŒâãããããã³ãžã¢ãžãâïŒâã¹ã«ãã³é žãšã¹
ãã«ããããã°ãªã·ããŒã«âïŒïŒïŒâããããã
ã³ãžã¢ãžãâïŒâã¹ã«ãã³é žãšã¹ãã«çã®ïŒã
ãªïŒããããã·ãã³ãŒã³ã®ïŒïŒïŒâããã³ãžã¢ãž
ãã¹ã«ãã³é žãšã¹ãã«é¡ãïŒïŒïŒâãžããããã·
ããšããŒã«ãããã«ã±ãã³âïŒïŒïŒâãã³ãŸãã
ã³ãžã¢ãžãâïŒâã¹ã«ãã³é žãšã¹ãã«ãïŒïŒïŒâ
ãžããããã·ããšãã«âïœâããã·ã«ã±ãã³â
ïŒïŒïŒâãããããã³ãžã¢ãžãâïŒâã¹ã«ãã³é ž
ãšã¹ãã«ãïŒïŒïŒâãžããããã·ãã³ãŸããšãã³
âïŒïŒïŒâãããããã³ãžã¢ãžãâïŒâã¹ã«ãã³
é žãšã¹ãã«ãïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒâããªããããã·ããšã
ã«âïœâããã·ã«ã±ãã³âïŒïŒïŒâãããããã³
ãžã¢ãžãâïŒâã¹ã«ãã³é žãšã¹ãã«ãïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒ
âããªããããã·ãã³ãŸããšãã³âïŒïŒïŒâãã
ãããã³ãžã¢ãžãâïŒâã¹ã«ãã³é žãšã¹ãã«ã
ïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒâããªããããã·ãã³ãŸããšãã³â
ïŒïŒïŒâãããããã³ãžã¢ãžãâïŒâã¹ã«ãã³é ž
ãšã¹ãã«ãïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒâããªããããã·ãã³ãŸã
ãšãã³âïŒïŒïŒâãããããã³ãžã¢ãžãâïŒâã¹
ã«ãã³é žãšã¹ãã«ãïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒâããªããããã·
ãã³ãŸããšãã³âïŒïŒïŒâãããããã³ãžã¢ãžã
âïŒâã¹ã«ãã³é žãšã¹ãã«çã®ïŒããªïŒãããã
ã·ããšãã«ã¢ã«ãã«ã±ãã³ãŸãã¯ïŒããªïŒããã
ãã·ããšãã«ã¢ãªãŒã«ã±ãã³ã®ïŒïŒïŒâããã³ãž
ã¢ãžãã¹ã«ãã³é žãšã¹ãã«é¡ããã¹ïŒïœâããã
ãã·ããšãã«ïŒã¡ã¿ã³âïŒïŒïŒâãããããã³ãž
ã¢ãžãâïŒâã¹ã«ãã³é žãšã¹ãã«ããã¹ïŒïŒïŒïŒ
âãžããããã·ããšãã«ïŒã¡ã¿ã³âïŒïŒïŒâãã
ãããã³ãžã¢ãžãâïŒâã¹ã«ãã³é žãšã¹ãã«ãã
ã¹ïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒâããªããããã·ããšãã«ïŒã¡ã¿
ã³âïŒïŒïŒâãããããã³ãžã¢ãžãâïŒâã¹ã«ã
ã³é žãšã¹ãã«ãïŒïŒïŒâãã¹ïŒïœâããããã·ã
ãšãã«ïŒãããã³âïŒïŒïŒâãããããã³ãžã¢ãž
ãâïŒâã¹ã«ãã³é žãšã¹ãã«ãïŒïŒïŒâãã¹
ïŒïŒïŒïŒâãžããããã·ããšãã«ïŒãããã³âïŒïŒ
ïŒâãããããã³ãžã¢ãžãâïŒâã¹ã«ãã³é žãšã¹
ãã«ãïŒïŒïŒâãã¹ïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒâããªãããã
ã·ããšãã«ïŒãããã³âïŒïŒïŒâãããããã³ãž
ã¢ãžãâïŒâã¹ã«ãã³é žãšã¹ãã«çã®ãã¹ãïŒã
ãªïŒããããã·ããšãã«ãã¢ã«ã«ã³ã®ïŒïŒïŒâã
ãã³ãžã¢ãžãã¹ã«ãã³é žãšã¹ãã«é¡ãïŒïŒïŒâãž
ããããã·å®æ¯éŠé žã©ãŠãªã«âïŒïŒïŒâãããã
ãã³ãžã¢ãžãâïŒâã¹ã«ãã³é žãšã¹ãã«ãïŒïŒ
ïŒïŒïŒâããªããããã·å®æ¯éŠé žããšãã«âïŒïŒ
ïŒâãããããã³ãžã¢ãžãâïŒâã¹ã«ãã³é žãšã¹
ãã«ãïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒâããªããããã·å®æ¯éŠé žã©ãŠ
ãªã«âïŒïŒïŒâãããããã³ãžã¢ãžãâïŒâã¹ã«
ãã³é žããªãšã¹ãã«ãïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒâããªãããã
ã·å®æ¯éŠé žãããã«âïŒïŒïŒâãããããã³ãžã¢
ãžãâïŒâã¹ã«ãã³é žãšã¹ãã«ãïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒâã
ãªããããã·å®æ¯éŠé žããšãã«âïŒïŒïŒâããã
ããã³ãžã¢ãžãâïŒâã¹ã«ãã³é žãšã¹ãã«çã®
ïŒããªïŒããããã·å®æ¯éŠé žã¢ã«ãã«ãšã¹ãã«ãŸ
ãã¯ïŒããªïŒããããã·å®æ¯éŠé žã¢ãªãŒã«ãšã¹ã
ã«ã®ïŒïŒïŒâããã³ãžã¢ãžãã¹ã«ãã³é žãšã¹ãã«
é¡ããã¹ïŒïŒïŒïŒâãžããããã·ãã³ãŸã€ã«ïŒã¡
ã¿ã³âïŒïŒïŒâãããããã³ãžã¢ãžãâïŒâã¹ã«
ãã³é žãšã¹ãã«ããã¹ïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒâããªããã
ãã·ãã³ãŸã€ã«ïŒã¡ã¿ã³âïŒïŒïŒâãããããã³
ãžã¢ãžãâïŒâã¹ã«ãã³é žãšã¹ãã«ããã¹ïŒïŒïŒ
ïŒïŒïŒâããªããããã·ãã³ãŸã€ã«ïŒã¡ã¿ã³â
ïŒïŒïŒâãããããã³ãžã¢ãžãâïŒâã¹ã«ãã³é ž
ãšã¹ãã«ãïœâãã¹ïŒïŒïŒïŒâãžããããã·ãã³
ãŸã€ã«ïŒãã³ãŒã³âïŒïŒïŒâãããããã³ãžã¢ãž
ãâïŒâã¹ã«ãã³é žãšã¹ãã«ãïœâãã¹ïŒïŒïŒ
ïŒïŒïŒâããªããããã·ãã³ãŸã€ã«ïŒãã³ãŒã³â
ïŒïŒïŒâãããããã³ãžã¢ãžãâïŒâã¹ã«ãã³é ž
ãšã¹ãã«ãïœâãã¹ïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒâããªãããã
ã·ãã³ãŸã€ã«ïŒãã³ãŒã³âïŒïŒïŒâãããããã³
ãžã¢ãžãâïŒâã¹ã«ãã³é žãšã¹ãã«çã®ãã¹
ãïŒããªïŒããããã·ãã³ãŸã€ã«ãã¢ã«ã«ã³ãŸãã¯
ãã¹ãïŒããªïŒããããã·ãã³ãŸã€ã«ããã³ãŒã³
ã®ïŒïŒïŒâããã³ãžã¢ãžãã¹ã«ãã³é žãšã¹ãã«
é¡ããšãã¬ã³ã°ãªã³ãŒã«âãžïŒïŒïŒïŒâãžããã
ãã·ãã³ãŸãšãŒãïŒâïŒïŒïŒâãããããã³ãžã¢
ãžãâïŒâã¹ã«ãã³é žãšã¹ãã«ãããªãšãã¬ã³ã°
ãªã³ãŒã«âãžïŒïŒïŒïŒâãžããããã·ãã³ãŸãšãŒ
ãïŒâïŒïŒïŒâãããããã³ãžã¢ãžãâïŒâã¹ã«
ãã³é žãšã¹ãã«ãããªãšãã¬ã³ã°ãªã³ãŒã«âãž
ïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒâããªããããã·ãã³ãŸãšãŒãïŒâ
ïŒïŒïŒâãããããã³ãžã¢ãžãâïŒâã¹ã«ãã³é ž
ãšã¹ãã«çã®ïŒããªïŒãšãã¬ã³ã°ãªã³ãŒã«ãïŒã
ãªïŒããããã·ãã³ãŸãšãŒããã®ïŒïŒïŒâããã³
ãžã¢ãžãã¹ã«ãã³é žãšã¹ãã«é¡ãæããããšãã§
ããããããäŸç€ºããïŒïŒïŒâããã³ãžã¢ãžãå
åç©ã®ä»ã«J.KosarèâLightâSensitive
Systemsâ339ã352ïŒïŒ1965ïŒïŒJohn WileyïŒ
Sons瀟ïŒNew yorkïŒãW.S.De.Forestè
âPhotoresistâ50ïŒïŒ1975ïŒïŒMc GrawâHill.
Inc.ïŒïŒNew yorkïŒã«èšèŒãããŠããïŒïŒïŒâ
ããã³ãžã¢ãžãååç©ãæããããšãã§ããã ãããïŒïŒïŒâããã³ãžã¢ãžãååç©ã®å«æé
ã¯ãäžèšã¢ã«ã«ãªå¯æº¶æ§ããã©ãã¯æš¹è100éé
éšã«å¯ŸããŠå¥œãŸããã¯ïŒã100éééšã§ãããç¹
ã«å¥œãŸããã¯10ã50éééšã§ãããïŒéééšæªæº
ã§ã¯ãæ·»å éãå°ãªãããã«ïŒïŒïŒâããã³ãžã¢
ãžãååç©ã®ã¢ã«ã«ãªå¯æº¶æ§ããã©ãã¯æš¹èã«å¯Ÿ
ããäžæº¶åå¹æãäžååã§ãããé²å éšãšæªé²å
éšã®ã¢ã«ã«ãªæº¶è§£æ§ã«å·®ãã€ããããšãã§ããªã
ã®ã§ããã¿ãŒãã³ã°ãå°é£ã§ããã100éééšã
è¶ ãããšãçæéã®å ç §å°ã§ã¯ãå ããïŒïŒïŒâ
ããã³ãžã¢ãžãååç©ã®å šãŠãå解ããããšãã§
ãããã¢ã«ã«ãªæ§æ°Žæº¶æ¶²ãããªãçŸå液ã«ããçŸ
åãå°é£ãšãªãã æ¬çºæã®ããžåæå æ§æš¹èçµæç©ã¯ãäžèšã¢ã«
ã«ãªå¯æº¶æ§ããã©ãã¯æš¹èãšïŒïŒïŒâããã³ãžã¢
ãžãååç©ã溶å€ã«æº¶è§£ããŠäœè£œãããã溶å€ãš
ããŠã¯ãäŸãã°ãšãã¬ã³ã°ãªã³ãŒã«ã¢ãã¡ãã«ãš
ãŒãã«ããšãã¬ã³ã°ãªã³ãŒã«ã¢ããšãã«ãšãŒãã«
çã®ã°ãªã³ãŒã«ãšãŒãã«é¡ãã¡ãã«ã»ããœã«ãã¢
ã»ããŒãããšãã«ã»ããœã«ãã¢ã»ããŒãçã®ã»ã
ãœã«ããšã¹ãã«é¡ããã«ãšã³ããã·ã¬ã³çã®è³éŠ
æçåæ°ŽçŽ é¡ãã¡ãã«ãšãã«ã±ãã³ãã·ã¯ããã
ãµãã³çã®ã±ãã³é¡ãé ¢é žãšãã«ãé ¢é žããã«ç
ã®ãšã¹ãã«é¡ãæããããšãã§ããããŸãããã
ã®æº¶å€ãïŒçš®é¡ä»¥äžæ··åããŠäœ¿çšããããšãã§ã
ããããã«ãã³ãžã«ãšãã«ãšãŒãã«ããžããã·ã«
ãšãŒãã«çã®ãšãŒãã«é¡ããžãšãã¬ã³ã°ãªã³ãŒã«
ã¢ãã¡ãã«ãšãŒãã«ããžãšãã¬ã³ã°ãªã³ãŒã«ã¢ã
ãšãã«ãšãŒãã«çã®ã°ãªã³ãŒã«ãšãŒãã«é¡ãã¢ã»
ããã«ã¢ã»ãã³ãã€ãœããã³çã®ã±ãã³é¡ãã«ã
ãã³é žãã«ããªã«é žçã®èèªé žé¡ãïŒâãªã¯ã¿ã
ãŒã«ãïŒâããããŒã«ããã³ãžã«ã¢ã«ã³ãŒã«çã®
ã¢ã«ã³ãŒã«é¡ãé ¢é žãã³ãžã«ãå®æ¯éŠé žãšãã«ã
ã·ãŠãŠé žãžãšãã«ããã¬ã€ã³é žãžãšãã«ãγâã
ããã©ã¯ãã³ãçé žãšãã¬ã³ãçé žãããã¬ã³ã
ããšãã«ã»ããœã«ãã¢ã»ããŒãçã®ãšã¹ãã«é¡ã®
åŠãé«æ²žç¹æº¶å€ãæ·»å ããããšãã§ããã ããã«ãå¿ èŠã«å¿ããŠãæ¬çºæã®ããžåæå æ§
æš¹èçµæç©ã«ãçé¢æŽ»æ§å€ãä¿åå®å®å€ãè²çŽ ã
é¡æçãæ·»å ããããšãå¯èœã§ããã ãŸããæ¬çºæã®ããžåæå æ§æš¹èçµæç©ã®å¡è
ãšã·ãªã³ã³é žåèçã®åºæ¿ãšã®æ¥çåãåäžãã
ãããããããµã¡ãã«ãžã·ã©ã¶ã³ãã¯ããã¡ãã«
ã·ã©ã³çãäºã被å¡åžåºæ¿ã«å¡åžããããšãã§ã
ãã æ¬çºæã®ããžåæå æ§æš¹èçµæç©ã®çŸå液ãšã
ãŠã¯ãäŸãã°æ°Žé žåãããªãŠã ãæ°Žé žåã«ãªãŠ
ã ãçé žãããªãŠã ãã±ã€é žãããªãŠã ãã¡ã¿ã±
ã€é žãããªãŠã ããªã³é žäžãããªãŠã ããªã³é žæ°Ž
çŽ ãããªãŠã çã®ç¡æ©ã¢ã«ã«ãªé¡ã®æ°Žæº¶æ¶²ãïœâ
ãããã«ã¢ãã³ããžâïœâãããã«ã¢ãã³ããžâ
ïœâããã«ã¢ãã³ãã¡ãã«ãžãšãã«ã¢ãã³ããã
ãŒã«ãïŒïŒïŒâãžã¡ãã«ãããŒã«ãβâãã³ãª
ã³ãã³ãªãžã³ããããªãžã³ãããã©ãžã³ãããªãš
ãã¬ã³ãžã¢ãã³çã®ã¢ãã³é¡ã®æ°Žæº¶æ¶²ããžã¡ãã«
ãšã¿ããŒã«ã¢ãã³ãããªãšã¿ããŒã«ã¢ãã³ããžãš
ãã«ããããã·ã«ã¢ãã³çã®ã¢ã«ã³ãŒã«ã¢ãã³é¡
ã®æ°Žæº¶æ¶²ãããã©ã¡ãã«ã¢ã³ã¢ããŠã ããããã·
ããããã©ãšãã«ã¢ã³ã¢ããŠã ããããã·ãçã®
第ïŒçŽã¢ã³ã¢ããŠã å¡©ã®æ°Žæº¶æ¶²ãã¢ã³ã¢ãã¢æ°Žç
ãæããããéå±ãå«æããçŸå液ã®äœ¿çšãåé¡
ãšãªãéç©åè·¯äœè£œæã«ã¯ã第ïŒçŽã¢ã³ã¢ããŠã
å¡©ãç°ç¶ã¢ãã³ã®æ°Žæº¶æ¶²ã䜿çšããã®ã奜ãŸã
ãããŸãäžèšã¢ã«ã«ãªé¡ã®æ°Žæº¶æ¶²ã«ã¡ã¿ããŒã«ã
ãšã¿ããŒã«ã®ãããªã¢ã«ã³ãŒã«é¡çã®æ°Žæº¶æ§ææ©
溶åªãçé¢æŽ»æ§å€ãé©åœéæ·»å ãã氎溶液ãçŸå
液ã«äœ¿çšããããšãã§ããã æ¬çºæã®ããžåæå æ§æš¹èçµæç©ã¯ãé«æ床ã
é«æ®èçãé«èãã©ã€ãšããã³ã°æ§ãæãããã
ã«èç±æ§ãçŸåæ§ã«ãåªããŠãããããã¯ãïœâ
ã¯ã¬ãŸãŒã«ãšãã·ã¬ããŒã«ã䜿çšããããšã«ãã€
ãŠåŸããããã®ã§ããã äžè¬ã«ãããžåæå æ§æš¹èçµæç©ã«ãããŠã¯ã
æ床ãšæ®èçã¯äºåŸèåã®é¢ä¿ã«ãããåæã«äž¡
ç¹æ§ãåäžãããããšã¯éåžžã«å°é£ã§ããããæ¬
çºæã®ããžåæå æ§æš¹èçµæç©ã¯ãæ床ãšæ®èç
ãåæã«æ¹åããããšãã§ãããã®ã§ããã æ¬çºæã®ããžåæå æ§æš¹èçµæç©ã¯ãéç©åè·¯
äœè£œçšããžåããã¬ãžã¹ããšããŠç¹ã«æçšã§ãã
ã°ããã§ãªãããããã¹ã¯äœè£œçšããžåããã¬ãž
ã¹ããšããŠãæçšã§ããã 次ã«ãå®æœäŸããããŠæ¬çºæãããã«å ·äœçã«
説æããããæ¬çºæã¯ãããã®å®æœäŸã«ãã€ãŠäœ
ãå¶çŽããããã®ã§ã¯ãªãã å®æœäŸ ïŒ å 容ç©500mlã®äžã€å£ã»ãã©ãã«ãã©ã¹ã³ã«ïœ
âã¯ã¬ãŸãŒã«105ïœããã³ïŒïŒïŒâãã·ã¬ããŒã«
30ïœãïœâã¯ã¬ãŸãŒã«ïŒïŒïŒïŒâãã·ã¬ããŒã«ïŒ
80ïŒ20ïŒã¢ã«æ¯ïŒããä»èŸŒãã ã®ã¡ã37ééïŒ ãã«
ã ã¢ã«ããã氎溶液92mlãèé ž0.04ïœãæ·»å ã
ããæ¹æããªãããã»ãã©ãã«ãã©ã¹ã³ã油济ã«
浞ãã容åšå 枩床ã100âã«ã³ã³ãããŒã«ããªã
ããïŒæé30åãä»å çž®åéåãè¡ãªã€ããåå¿
åŸã油济ã®æž©åºŠã180âãŸã§äžããåæã«åå¿å®¹
åšå ã®å§åã20mmHgãŸã§æžå§ããŠãæ°Žããã³æª
åå¿ç©ãé€å»ããã次ãã§æº¶èããããã©ãã¯æš¹
èïŒä»¥äžãããã©ãã¯æš¹èãšç¥èšãããïŒã宀
æž©ã«æ»ããŠååããã ããã©ãã¯æš¹èA13ïœãšïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒâããªãã
ããã·ãã³ãŸããšãã³âïŒïŒïŒâãããããã³ãž
ã¢ãžãâïŒâã¹ã«ãã³é žããªãšã¹ãã«ïŒïœããšã
ã«ã»ããœã«ãã¢ã»ããŒã35ïœã«æº¶è§£ããã®ã¡ãå
åŸ0.2ÎŒïœã®ã¡ã³ãã©ã³ãã€ã«ã¿ãŒã§éããããž
åæå æ§æš¹èçµæç©ã®æº¶æ¶²ã調補ããã ã·ãªã³ã³é žåèãæããã·ãªã³ã³ãŠãšããŒäžã«
ã¹ãã³ããŒãçšããŠäžèšæº¶æ¶²ãå¡åžããã®ã¡ã90
âã§30åéããªãŒãã³äžã§ãã¬ããŒã¯ããŠ1ÎŒïœ
åã®ã¬ãžã¹ãèã圢æããã次ã«ãåžçå°å·(æ ª)補
ãããã¹ã¯ãä»ããŠãOptical AssociatesïŒInc.
補Model205玫å€ç·åŒ·åºŠèšã§èŒæ£ãããšãã«ã®ãŒ
ïŒ365nmïŒãã10mJïŒcm2ã®çŽ«å€ç·ãç §å°ãããã
ã©ã¡ãã«ã¢ã³ã¢ããŠã ããããã·ãïŒééïŒ æ°Žæº¶
液ã§ã20âã60ç§éçŸåãããšãããç·å·Ÿ1.0ÎŒïœ
ã®ã¬ãžã¹ããã¿ãŒã³ã解åã§ããããŸãããã®ã¬
ãžã¹ãã®æ®èçã枬å®ãããšãã94ïŒ ãšéåžžã«é«
ãå€ã瀺ããããããã€ãŠããã®ããžåæå æ§æš¹
èçµæç©ã¯ãæ床ãæ®èçãšãã«é«ãããšããã
ã€ãã 以äžã®ããã«ããŠåŸãããã¬ãžã¹ããã¿ãŒã³ã
å¹³è¡å¹³æ¿åãã©ãºããã©ã€ãšããã³ã°è£ 眮ïŒé»æ¥µ
éé40mmïŒã«è£ çããåºå100Wãã¬ã¹å§15Paã®
æ¡ä»¶ã§åããåççŽ ïŒé žçŽ ïŒ95ïŒïŒå®¹éæ¯ïŒãã
ã©ãºãåããŠãã¬ãžã¹ããã¿ãŒã³ã®èãã©ã€ãšã
ãã³ã°æ§ã調ã¹ããäžè¬ã«ãã¬ãžã¹ããã¿ãŒã³ã
ãšããã³ã°ãããé床ãšã·ãªã³ã³é žåèã®ãããš
ã®æ¯ãéžææ¯ãšç§°ããããæ¬å®æœäŸã§ã¯ãéžææ¯
ã3.0ãšéåžžã«é«ãå€ã瀺ããããã©ãã¯æš¹è
ã®èãã©ã€ãšããã³ã°æ§ãåªããŠããããšã確èª
ãããã å®æœäŸ ïŒãïŒ ããã©ãã¯æš¹èãšè¡šâïŒã«ç€ºãïŒïŒïŒâãã
ã³ãžã¢ãžãååç©ã䜿çšããä»ã¯ãå®æœäŸïŒãšå
æ§ãããžåæå æ§æš¹èçµæç©ã®æº¶æ¶²ã調補ãã次
ãã§ã¬ãžã¹ããã¿ãŒã³ã圢æãããšãããè¡šâïŒ
ã«ç€ºãããã«ãããããæ床ãæ®èçãèãã©ã€
ãšããã³ã°æ§ã«åªãããã®ã§ãã€ãã
ãšããŠã¯ãç°åã€ãœãã¬ã³ãŽã ã«ãã¹ã¢ãžãåå
ç©ãé åãããã¬åããã¬ãžã¹ããç¥ãããŠã
ããããããã®ãã¬åããã¬ãžã¹ãã¯è§£å床ã«é
çããããããéç©åè·¯ã®é«éç©åã«åå察å¿ã§
ããªãæ¬ ç¹ãæãããäžæ¹ããã®ãã¬åããã¬ãž
ã¹ãã«æ¯ã¹ãããžåããã¬ãžã¹ãã¯ã解å床ãåª
ããŠãããããéç©åè·¯ã®é«éç©åã«åå察å¿ã
ãããã®ãšæåŸ ãããŠããã çŸåšãéç©åè·¯äœè£œã®ããã«äœ¿çšãããŠããã
ãžåããã¬ãžã¹ãã®å€§éšåã¯ãã¢ã«ã«ãªå¯æº¶æ§ã
ãã©ãã¯æš¹èã«ïŒïŒïŒâããã³ãžã¢ãžãååç©ã
æ·»å ããçŸå液ã§ããã¢ã«ã«ãªæ§æ°Žæº¶æ¶²ã«å¯Ÿãã
溶解æ§ãäœäžããã該ïŒïŒïŒâããã³ã¢ãžãåå
ç©ãå ã«ãã€ãŠåå¿ããã¢ã«ã«ãªå¯æº¶æ§ãšãªãæ§
質ãå©çšãããã®ã§ããããã®ããã©ãã¯æš¹èç³»
ããžåããã¬ãžã¹ãã¯ãïŒïŒïŒâããã³ãžã¢ãžã
ååç©ãå€éã«é åããããåŸãªãããã«ç°åãŽ
ã ç³»ãã¬åããã¬ãžã¹ãããäœæ床ã§ããã ããã©ãã¯æš¹èç³»ããžåããã¬ãžã¹ãã®æ床ã
åäžãããããã«ãïŒïŒïŒâããã³ãžã¢ãžãåå
ç©ã®æ·»å éãäžãããšé²å åã®ã¬ãžã¹ãå¡èã®ã¢
ã«ã«ãªæ§æ°Žæº¶æ¶²ã«å¯Ÿãã溶解æ§ã幟åé«ãŸããã
ããã¹ã¯ãéããŠé²å ããåŸã®çŸåæ§ãèŠæãäž
åäžããæ床ãé«ããªã€ãããã«ã¿ããããã
ããã¬ãžã¹ããã¿ãŒã³ãšããŠæ®ãã¹ãæªé²å éšå
ããé²å éšåã»ã©ã§ã¯ãªãããïŒïŒïŒâããã³ãž
ã¢ãžãååç©ã®æ·»å éãå°ãªãããã«å¹Ÿå溶解
ãããã¿ãŒã³ã®é«ããæžããçµæãšãªããã¬ãžã¹
ããã¿ãŒã³ãšããŠæ®ãã¹ãæªé²å éšåã®é²å åãš
çŸååŸã®é«ãã®æ¯ãæ®èçãšããããåŸæ¥ã®ãã
ã©ãã¯æš¹èç³»ããžåããã¬ãžã¹ãã¯ããã®æ®èç
ãäœããã®ã§ãã€ããæ®èçãäœãããã©ãã¯æš¹
èç³»ããžåããã¬ãžã¹ãããè¡šé¢ã«æ®µå·®æ§é ãæ
ããåºæ¿ã«å¡åžããé²å ããçŸåããŠã¬ãžã¹ãã
ã¿ãŒã³ã圢æãããšã段差éšãã¬ãžã¹ããã¿ãŒã³
ãå åã«è¢«èŠã§ããªãã®ã§ãæ£åžžãªéç©åè·¯ãäœ
補ããããšãå°é£ãšãªãã ãŸããéç©åè·¯äœè£œå·¥çšã«ãããã¬ãžã¹ããã¿
ãŒã³åœ¢æåŸã®ãšããã³ã°å·¥çšã«ãããŠãããåæ°Ž
çŽ é žãç¡é žããªã³é žçããšããã€ã³ããšããŠäœ¿çš
ãããŠãšãããšããã³ã°æ¹åŒãçšãããšãåºæ¿ã®
åãæ¹åã®ã¿ããšããã³ã°ããããšãé£ããããµ
ã€ããšããã³ã°ãŸãã¯ã¢ã³ããŒãšããã³ã°ãåæ
ã«èµ·ãããšãé¿ããããªãããã解å床ãäžãã
ããªããšããæ¬ ç¹ãããããã®æ¬ ç¹ãããã»ã¹ç
ã«è§£æ±ºããããã«ã¯ãããã²ã³åçåæ°ŽçŽ çãã
ã©ãºãåããŠãšããã€ã³ããšãããã©ã€ãšããã³
ã°æ¹åŒã®æ¡çšã奜é©ã§ããããããããã®æ¹æ³ã«
ãããšãããçŽ ã€ãªã³ãå¡©çŽ ã€ãªã³çã®åå¿æ§ã€
ãªã³ãã¬ãžã¹ããã¿ãŒã³ããæ»æãããããã¬ãž
ã¹ãã®èãã©ã€ãšããã³ã°æ§ãæªããšãåºæ¿ã®æž©
床ãäžæããããšãšçžä¿ã€ãŠãã¬ãžã¹ããã¿ãŒã³
ã®æå·ã倧ãããåºæ¿ã®å 工粟床ãæªããªããé
ç©åè·¯çç£ã®æ©çããæªåãããããšã«ãªããã
ãã©ãã¯æš¹èç³»ããžåããã¬ãžã¹ãã¯ãèãã©ã€
ãšããã³ã°æ§ãä»ã®ã¬ãžã¹ããšæ¯èŒããŠè¯ããšèš
ãããŠããããåŸæ¥ã®ããã©ãã¯æš¹èç³»ããã¬ãž
ã¹ãã§ã¯ãååæºè¶³ããã¬ãã«ã«ã¯éããŠããª
ãã æ¬çºæè ãã¯ãããæ¬ ç¹ãæ¹è¯ããããã«éæ
ç 究ã®çµæãç¹å®ã®ã¢ã«ã«ãªå¯æº¶æ§ããã©ãã¯æš¹
èã«ïŒïŒïŒâããã³ãžã¢ãžãååç©ãé åãã
ãšãäžèšæ¬ ç¹ã解決ãããããšãèŠåºããæ¬çºæ
ã«å°éããã ããªãã¡ãæ¬çºæã®èŠæšã¯ãã¢ã«ã«ãªå¯æº¶æ§ã
ãã©ãã¯æš¹èãšïŒïŒïŒâããã³ãžã¢ãžãååç©ãš
ãããªãããžåæå æ§æš¹èçµæç©ã«ãããŠã該ã¢
ã«ã«ãªå¯æº¶æ§ããã©ãã¯æš¹èãïœâã¯ã¬ãŸãŒã«ãš
ãã·ã¬ããŒã«ãšãå«æããïœâã¯ã¬ãŸãŒã«ãå«æ
ããªãçž®åã¢ãããŒãã¢ã«ãããé¡ãçšããŠçž®å
ããããã©ãã¯æš¹èã§ããããšãç¹åŸŽãšããããž
åæå æ§æš¹èçµæç©ã«ããã æ¬çºæã§äœ¿çšãããã¢ã«ã«ãªå¯æº¶æ§ããã©ãã¯
æš¹èã¯ãïœâã¯ã¬ãŸãŒã«ãšãã·ã¬ããŒã«ãšãã¢ã«
ãããé¡ãçšããŠçž®åããããã©ãã¯æš¹èã§ã
ããäžèšãã·ã¬ããŒã«ãšããŠã¯ãïŒïŒïŒâãã·ã¬
ããŒã«ãïŒïŒïŒâãã·ã¬ããŒã«ãïŒïŒïŒâãã·ã¬
ããŒã«ãïŒïŒïŒâãã·ã¬ããŒã«ãïŒïŒïŒâãã·ã¬
ããŒã«ãïŒïŒïŒâãã·ã¬ããŒã«çãæããããšã
ã§ããã äžèšã¢ã«ã«ãªå¯æº¶æ§ããã©ãã¯æš¹èã¯ãæ¬çºæ
ã®å¹æãããçºæ®ããããã«ãïœâã¯ã¬ãŸãŒã«ïŒ
ãã·ã¬ããŒã«ã®ã¢ãããŒä»èŸŒã¿çµæã30ã95ïŒïŒ
ã70ïŒã¢ã«æ¯ïŒãç¹ã«50ã95ïŒïŒã50ïŒã¢ã«æ¯ïŒãš
ããŠãã¢ã«ãããé¡ãçšããŠçž®åãããããã©ã
ã¯æš¹èã奜ãŸããã ãŸããæ¬çºæã«ãããã¢ã«ã«ãªå¯æº¶æ§ããã©ã
ã¯æš¹èã«ã¯ãå ±çž®åå¯èœãªã¢ãããŒãäŸãã°ãã
ãšããŒã«ãïœâã¯ã¬ãŸãŒã«ããšãã«ããšããŒã«ã
ïœâããã«ããšããŒã«ãïŒïŒïŒâãžããããã·ã
ã³ãŒã³ãïŒïŒïŒâãžããããã·ãã³ãŒã³ãããªã
ãããã·ãã³ãŒã³çïŒäœãïœâã¯ã¬ãŸãŒã«ãé€
ãïŒããæ¬çºæã®å¹æãéžè±ããªãçšåºŠã«å ±çž®å
ããããšãã§ããã äžèšã¢ã«ã«ãªå¯æº¶æ§ããã©ãã¯æš¹èã¯ãäžèšã¢
ãããŒãé žæ§è§Šåªã®ååšäžãã¢ã«ãããé¡ãšçž®å
ãããŠåæãããã çšããã¢ã«ãããé¡ãšããŠã¯ãäŸãã°ãã«ã ã¢
ã«ãããããã©ãã«ã ã¢ã«ãããããã«ãã©ãŒ
ã«ãã¢ã»ãã¢ã«ãããããã³ãºã¢ã«ãããçãæ
ããããšãã§ãããã奜ãŸããã¯ãã«ã ã¢ã«ãã
ãã§ããã äžèšé žæ§è§ŠåªãšããŠã¯ãå¡©é žãç¡é žãç¡«é žçã®
ç¡æ©é žãã®é žãèé žãé ¢é žçã®ææ©é žã䜿çšãã
ããšãã§ããã äžèšã¢ã«ãããé¡ã®äœ¿çšéã¯ãæå®ã®ã¢ãããŒ
ïŒã¢ã«ã«å¯ŸããŠ0.7ãïŒã¢ã«ãäžèšé žæ§è§Šåªã®äœ¿
çšéã¯ãæå®ã®ã¢ãããŒïŒã¢ã«ã«å¯ŸããŠïŒÃ10-4
ãïŒÃ10-3ã¢ã«ãäžè¬çã§ããããŸãåå¿æž©åºŠ
ã¯ãéåžž70ã130âã§ããã æ¬çºæã§äœ¿çšãããïŒïŒïŒâããã³ãžã¢ãžãå
åç©ã¯ãç¹ã«éå®ããããã®ã§ã¯ãªãããäŸãã°
ïŒïŒïŒâãã³ãŸããã³ãžã¢ãžãâïŒâã¹ã«ãã³é ž
ãšã¹ãã«ãïŒïŒïŒâãããããã³ãžã¢ãžãâïŒâ
ã¹ã«ãã³é žãšã¹ãã«ãïŒïŒïŒâãããããã³ãžã¢
ãžãâïŒâã¹ã«ãã³é žãšã¹ãã«çãæããããšã
ã§ãããå ·äœçã«ã¯ãïœâã¯ã¬ãŸãŒã«âïŒïŒïŒâ
ãã³ãŸããã³ãžã¢ãžãâïŒâã¹ã«ãã³é žãšã¹ã
ã«ãã¬ãŸã«ã·ã³âïŒïŒïŒâãããããã³ãžã¢ãžã
âïŒâã¹ã«ãã³é žãšã¹ãã«ãããã¬ããŒã«âïŒïŒ
ïŒâãããããã³ãžã¢ãžãâïŒâã¹ã«ãã³é žãšã¹
ãã«ããããã°ãªã·ããŒã«âïŒïŒïŒâããããã
ã³ãžã¢ãžãâïŒâã¹ã«ãã³é žãšã¹ãã«çã®ïŒã
ãªïŒããããã·ãã³ãŒã³ã®ïŒïŒïŒâããã³ãžã¢ãž
ãã¹ã«ãã³é žãšã¹ãã«é¡ãïŒïŒïŒâãžããããã·
ããšããŒã«ãããã«ã±ãã³âïŒïŒïŒâãã³ãŸãã
ã³ãžã¢ãžãâïŒâã¹ã«ãã³é žãšã¹ãã«ãïŒïŒïŒâ
ãžããããã·ããšãã«âïœâããã·ã«ã±ãã³â
ïŒïŒïŒâãããããã³ãžã¢ãžãâïŒâã¹ã«ãã³é ž
ãšã¹ãã«ãïŒïŒïŒâãžããããã·ãã³ãŸããšãã³
âïŒïŒïŒâãããããã³ãžã¢ãžãâïŒâã¹ã«ãã³
é žãšã¹ãã«ãïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒâããªããããã·ããšã
ã«âïœâããã·ã«ã±ãã³âïŒïŒïŒâãããããã³
ãžã¢ãžãâïŒâã¹ã«ãã³é žãšã¹ãã«ãïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒ
âããªããããã·ãã³ãŸããšãã³âïŒïŒïŒâãã
ãããã³ãžã¢ãžãâïŒâã¹ã«ãã³é žãšã¹ãã«ã
ïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒâããªããããã·ãã³ãŸããšãã³â
ïŒïŒïŒâãããããã³ãžã¢ãžãâïŒâã¹ã«ãã³é ž
ãšã¹ãã«ãïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒâããªããããã·ãã³ãŸã
ãšãã³âïŒïŒïŒâãããããã³ãžã¢ãžãâïŒâã¹
ã«ãã³é žãšã¹ãã«ãïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒâããªããããã·
ãã³ãŸããšãã³âïŒïŒïŒâãããããã³ãžã¢ãžã
âïŒâã¹ã«ãã³é žãšã¹ãã«çã®ïŒããªïŒãããã
ã·ããšãã«ã¢ã«ãã«ã±ãã³ãŸãã¯ïŒããªïŒããã
ãã·ããšãã«ã¢ãªãŒã«ã±ãã³ã®ïŒïŒïŒâããã³ãž
ã¢ãžãã¹ã«ãã³é žãšã¹ãã«é¡ããã¹ïŒïœâããã
ãã·ããšãã«ïŒã¡ã¿ã³âïŒïŒïŒâãããããã³ãž
ã¢ãžãâïŒâã¹ã«ãã³é žãšã¹ãã«ããã¹ïŒïŒïŒïŒ
âãžããããã·ããšãã«ïŒã¡ã¿ã³âïŒïŒïŒâãã
ãããã³ãžã¢ãžãâïŒâã¹ã«ãã³é žãšã¹ãã«ãã
ã¹ïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒâããªããããã·ããšãã«ïŒã¡ã¿
ã³âïŒïŒïŒâãããããã³ãžã¢ãžãâïŒâã¹ã«ã
ã³é žãšã¹ãã«ãïŒïŒïŒâãã¹ïŒïœâããããã·ã
ãšãã«ïŒãããã³âïŒïŒïŒâãããããã³ãžã¢ãž
ãâïŒâã¹ã«ãã³é žãšã¹ãã«ãïŒïŒïŒâãã¹
ïŒïŒïŒïŒâãžããããã·ããšãã«ïŒãããã³âïŒïŒ
ïŒâãããããã³ãžã¢ãžãâïŒâã¹ã«ãã³é žãšã¹
ãã«ãïŒïŒïŒâãã¹ïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒâããªãããã
ã·ããšãã«ïŒãããã³âïŒïŒïŒâãããããã³ãž
ã¢ãžãâïŒâã¹ã«ãã³é žãšã¹ãã«çã®ãã¹ãïŒã
ãªïŒããããã·ããšãã«ãã¢ã«ã«ã³ã®ïŒïŒïŒâã
ãã³ãžã¢ãžãã¹ã«ãã³é žãšã¹ãã«é¡ãïŒïŒïŒâãž
ããããã·å®æ¯éŠé žã©ãŠãªã«âïŒïŒïŒâãããã
ãã³ãžã¢ãžãâïŒâã¹ã«ãã³é žãšã¹ãã«ãïŒïŒ
ïŒïŒïŒâããªããããã·å®æ¯éŠé žããšãã«âïŒïŒ
ïŒâãããããã³ãžã¢ãžãâïŒâã¹ã«ãã³é žãšã¹
ãã«ãïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒâããªããããã·å®æ¯éŠé žã©ãŠ
ãªã«âïŒïŒïŒâãããããã³ãžã¢ãžãâïŒâã¹ã«
ãã³é žããªãšã¹ãã«ãïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒâããªãããã
ã·å®æ¯éŠé žãããã«âïŒïŒïŒâãããããã³ãžã¢
ãžãâïŒâã¹ã«ãã³é žãšã¹ãã«ãïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒâã
ãªããããã·å®æ¯éŠé žããšãã«âïŒïŒïŒâããã
ããã³ãžã¢ãžãâïŒâã¹ã«ãã³é žãšã¹ãã«çã®
ïŒããªïŒããããã·å®æ¯éŠé žã¢ã«ãã«ãšã¹ãã«ãŸ
ãã¯ïŒããªïŒããããã·å®æ¯éŠé žã¢ãªãŒã«ãšã¹ã
ã«ã®ïŒïŒïŒâããã³ãžã¢ãžãã¹ã«ãã³é žãšã¹ãã«
é¡ããã¹ïŒïŒïŒïŒâãžããããã·ãã³ãŸã€ã«ïŒã¡
ã¿ã³âïŒïŒïŒâãããããã³ãžã¢ãžãâïŒâã¹ã«
ãã³é žãšã¹ãã«ããã¹ïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒâããªããã
ãã·ãã³ãŸã€ã«ïŒã¡ã¿ã³âïŒïŒïŒâãããããã³
ãžã¢ãžãâïŒâã¹ã«ãã³é žãšã¹ãã«ããã¹ïŒïŒïŒ
ïŒïŒïŒâããªããããã·ãã³ãŸã€ã«ïŒã¡ã¿ã³â
ïŒïŒïŒâãããããã³ãžã¢ãžãâïŒâã¹ã«ãã³é ž
ãšã¹ãã«ãïœâãã¹ïŒïŒïŒïŒâãžããããã·ãã³
ãŸã€ã«ïŒãã³ãŒã³âïŒïŒïŒâãããããã³ãžã¢ãž
ãâïŒâã¹ã«ãã³é žãšã¹ãã«ãïœâãã¹ïŒïŒïŒ
ïŒïŒïŒâããªããããã·ãã³ãŸã€ã«ïŒãã³ãŒã³â
ïŒïŒïŒâãããããã³ãžã¢ãžãâïŒâã¹ã«ãã³é ž
ãšã¹ãã«ãïœâãã¹ïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒâããªãããã
ã·ãã³ãŸã€ã«ïŒãã³ãŒã³âïŒïŒïŒâãããããã³
ãžã¢ãžãâïŒâã¹ã«ãã³é žãšã¹ãã«çã®ãã¹
ãïŒããªïŒããããã·ãã³ãŸã€ã«ãã¢ã«ã«ã³ãŸãã¯
ãã¹ãïŒããªïŒããããã·ãã³ãŸã€ã«ããã³ãŒã³
ã®ïŒïŒïŒâããã³ãžã¢ãžãã¹ã«ãã³é žãšã¹ãã«
é¡ããšãã¬ã³ã°ãªã³ãŒã«âãžïŒïŒïŒïŒâãžããã
ãã·ãã³ãŸãšãŒãïŒâïŒïŒïŒâãããããã³ãžã¢
ãžãâïŒâã¹ã«ãã³é žãšã¹ãã«ãããªãšãã¬ã³ã°
ãªã³ãŒã«âãžïŒïŒïŒïŒâãžããããã·ãã³ãŸãšãŒ
ãïŒâïŒïŒïŒâãããããã³ãžã¢ãžãâïŒâã¹ã«
ãã³é žãšã¹ãã«ãããªãšãã¬ã³ã°ãªã³ãŒã«âãž
ïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒâããªããããã·ãã³ãŸãšãŒãïŒâ
ïŒïŒïŒâãããããã³ãžã¢ãžãâïŒâã¹ã«ãã³é ž
ãšã¹ãã«çã®ïŒããªïŒãšãã¬ã³ã°ãªã³ãŒã«ãïŒã
ãªïŒããããã·ãã³ãŸãšãŒããã®ïŒïŒïŒâããã³
ãžã¢ãžãã¹ã«ãã³é žãšã¹ãã«é¡ãæããããšãã§
ããããããäŸç€ºããïŒïŒïŒâããã³ãžã¢ãžãå
åç©ã®ä»ã«J.KosarèâLightâSensitive
Systemsâ339ã352ïŒïŒ1965ïŒïŒJohn WileyïŒ
Sons瀟ïŒNew yorkïŒãW.S.De.Forestè
âPhotoresistâ50ïŒïŒ1975ïŒïŒMc GrawâHill.
Inc.ïŒïŒNew yorkïŒã«èšèŒãããŠããïŒïŒïŒâ
ããã³ãžã¢ãžãååç©ãæããããšãã§ããã ãããïŒïŒïŒâããã³ãžã¢ãžãååç©ã®å«æé
ã¯ãäžèšã¢ã«ã«ãªå¯æº¶æ§ããã©ãã¯æš¹è100éé
éšã«å¯ŸããŠå¥œãŸããã¯ïŒã100éééšã§ãããç¹
ã«å¥œãŸããã¯10ã50éééšã§ãããïŒéééšæªæº
ã§ã¯ãæ·»å éãå°ãªãããã«ïŒïŒïŒâããã³ãžã¢
ãžãååç©ã®ã¢ã«ã«ãªå¯æº¶æ§ããã©ãã¯æš¹èã«å¯Ÿ
ããäžæº¶åå¹æãäžååã§ãããé²å éšãšæªé²å
éšã®ã¢ã«ã«ãªæº¶è§£æ§ã«å·®ãã€ããããšãã§ããªã
ã®ã§ããã¿ãŒãã³ã°ãå°é£ã§ããã100éééšã
è¶ ãããšãçæéã®å ç §å°ã§ã¯ãå ããïŒïŒïŒâ
ããã³ãžã¢ãžãååç©ã®å šãŠãå解ããããšãã§
ãããã¢ã«ã«ãªæ§æ°Žæº¶æ¶²ãããªãçŸå液ã«ããçŸ
åãå°é£ãšãªãã æ¬çºæã®ããžåæå æ§æš¹èçµæç©ã¯ãäžèšã¢ã«
ã«ãªå¯æº¶æ§ããã©ãã¯æš¹èãšïŒïŒïŒâããã³ãžã¢
ãžãååç©ã溶å€ã«æº¶è§£ããŠäœè£œãããã溶å€ãš
ããŠã¯ãäŸãã°ãšãã¬ã³ã°ãªã³ãŒã«ã¢ãã¡ãã«ãš
ãŒãã«ããšãã¬ã³ã°ãªã³ãŒã«ã¢ããšãã«ãšãŒãã«
çã®ã°ãªã³ãŒã«ãšãŒãã«é¡ãã¡ãã«ã»ããœã«ãã¢
ã»ããŒãããšãã«ã»ããœã«ãã¢ã»ããŒãçã®ã»ã
ãœã«ããšã¹ãã«é¡ããã«ãšã³ããã·ã¬ã³çã®è³éŠ
æçåæ°ŽçŽ é¡ãã¡ãã«ãšãã«ã±ãã³ãã·ã¯ããã
ãµãã³çã®ã±ãã³é¡ãé ¢é žãšãã«ãé ¢é žããã«ç
ã®ãšã¹ãã«é¡ãæããããšãã§ããããŸãããã
ã®æº¶å€ãïŒçš®é¡ä»¥äžæ··åããŠäœ¿çšããããšãã§ã
ããããã«ãã³ãžã«ãšãã«ãšãŒãã«ããžããã·ã«
ãšãŒãã«çã®ãšãŒãã«é¡ããžãšãã¬ã³ã°ãªã³ãŒã«
ã¢ãã¡ãã«ãšãŒãã«ããžãšãã¬ã³ã°ãªã³ãŒã«ã¢ã
ãšãã«ãšãŒãã«çã®ã°ãªã³ãŒã«ãšãŒãã«é¡ãã¢ã»
ããã«ã¢ã»ãã³ãã€ãœããã³çã®ã±ãã³é¡ãã«ã
ãã³é žãã«ããªã«é žçã®èèªé žé¡ãïŒâãªã¯ã¿ã
ãŒã«ãïŒâããããŒã«ããã³ãžã«ã¢ã«ã³ãŒã«çã®
ã¢ã«ã³ãŒã«é¡ãé ¢é žãã³ãžã«ãå®æ¯éŠé žãšãã«ã
ã·ãŠãŠé žãžãšãã«ããã¬ã€ã³é žãžãšãã«ãγâã
ããã©ã¯ãã³ãçé žãšãã¬ã³ãçé žãããã¬ã³ã
ããšãã«ã»ããœã«ãã¢ã»ããŒãçã®ãšã¹ãã«é¡ã®
åŠãé«æ²žç¹æº¶å€ãæ·»å ããããšãã§ããã ããã«ãå¿ èŠã«å¿ããŠãæ¬çºæã®ããžåæå æ§
æš¹èçµæç©ã«ãçé¢æŽ»æ§å€ãä¿åå®å®å€ãè²çŽ ã
é¡æçãæ·»å ããããšãå¯èœã§ããã ãŸããæ¬çºæã®ããžåæå æ§æš¹èçµæç©ã®å¡è
ãšã·ãªã³ã³é žåèçã®åºæ¿ãšã®æ¥çåãåäžãã
ãããããããµã¡ãã«ãžã·ã©ã¶ã³ãã¯ããã¡ãã«
ã·ã©ã³çãäºã被å¡åžåºæ¿ã«å¡åžããããšãã§ã
ãã æ¬çºæã®ããžåæå æ§æš¹èçµæç©ã®çŸå液ãšã
ãŠã¯ãäŸãã°æ°Žé žåãããªãŠã ãæ°Žé žåã«ãªãŠ
ã ãçé žãããªãŠã ãã±ã€é žãããªãŠã ãã¡ã¿ã±
ã€é žãããªãŠã ããªã³é žäžãããªãŠã ããªã³é žæ°Ž
çŽ ãããªãŠã çã®ç¡æ©ã¢ã«ã«ãªé¡ã®æ°Žæº¶æ¶²ãïœâ
ãããã«ã¢ãã³ããžâïœâãããã«ã¢ãã³ããžâ
ïœâããã«ã¢ãã³ãã¡ãã«ãžãšãã«ã¢ãã³ããã
ãŒã«ãïŒïŒïŒâãžã¡ãã«ãããŒã«ãβâãã³ãª
ã³ãã³ãªãžã³ããããªãžã³ãããã©ãžã³ãããªãš
ãã¬ã³ãžã¢ãã³çã®ã¢ãã³é¡ã®æ°Žæº¶æ¶²ããžã¡ãã«
ãšã¿ããŒã«ã¢ãã³ãããªãšã¿ããŒã«ã¢ãã³ããžãš
ãã«ããããã·ã«ã¢ãã³çã®ã¢ã«ã³ãŒã«ã¢ãã³é¡
ã®æ°Žæº¶æ¶²ãããã©ã¡ãã«ã¢ã³ã¢ããŠã ããããã·
ããããã©ãšãã«ã¢ã³ã¢ããŠã ããããã·ãçã®
第ïŒçŽã¢ã³ã¢ããŠã å¡©ã®æ°Žæº¶æ¶²ãã¢ã³ã¢ãã¢æ°Žç
ãæããããéå±ãå«æããçŸå液ã®äœ¿çšãåé¡
ãšãªãéç©åè·¯äœè£œæã«ã¯ã第ïŒçŽã¢ã³ã¢ããŠã
å¡©ãç°ç¶ã¢ãã³ã®æ°Žæº¶æ¶²ã䜿çšããã®ã奜ãŸã
ãããŸãäžèšã¢ã«ã«ãªé¡ã®æ°Žæº¶æ¶²ã«ã¡ã¿ããŒã«ã
ãšã¿ããŒã«ã®ãããªã¢ã«ã³ãŒã«é¡çã®æ°Žæº¶æ§ææ©
溶åªãçé¢æŽ»æ§å€ãé©åœéæ·»å ãã氎溶液ãçŸå
液ã«äœ¿çšããããšãã§ããã æ¬çºæã®ããžåæå æ§æš¹èçµæç©ã¯ãé«æ床ã
é«æ®èçãé«èãã©ã€ãšããã³ã°æ§ãæãããã
ã«èç±æ§ãçŸåæ§ã«ãåªããŠãããããã¯ãïœâ
ã¯ã¬ãŸãŒã«ãšãã·ã¬ããŒã«ã䜿çšããããšã«ãã€
ãŠåŸããããã®ã§ããã äžè¬ã«ãããžåæå æ§æš¹èçµæç©ã«ãããŠã¯ã
æ床ãšæ®èçã¯äºåŸèåã®é¢ä¿ã«ãããåæã«äž¡
ç¹æ§ãåäžãããããšã¯éåžžã«å°é£ã§ããããæ¬
çºæã®ããžåæå æ§æš¹èçµæç©ã¯ãæ床ãšæ®èç
ãåæã«æ¹åããããšãã§ãããã®ã§ããã æ¬çºæã®ããžåæå æ§æš¹èçµæç©ã¯ãéç©åè·¯
äœè£œçšããžåããã¬ãžã¹ããšããŠç¹ã«æçšã§ãã
ã°ããã§ãªãããããã¹ã¯äœè£œçšããžåããã¬ãž
ã¹ããšããŠãæçšã§ããã 次ã«ãå®æœäŸããããŠæ¬çºæãããã«å ·äœçã«
説æããããæ¬çºæã¯ãããã®å®æœäŸã«ãã€ãŠäœ
ãå¶çŽããããã®ã§ã¯ãªãã å®æœäŸ ïŒ å 容ç©500mlã®äžã€å£ã»ãã©ãã«ãã©ã¹ã³ã«ïœ
âã¯ã¬ãŸãŒã«105ïœããã³ïŒïŒïŒâãã·ã¬ããŒã«
30ïœãïœâã¯ã¬ãŸãŒã«ïŒïŒïŒïŒâãã·ã¬ããŒã«ïŒ
80ïŒ20ïŒã¢ã«æ¯ïŒããä»èŸŒãã ã®ã¡ã37ééïŒ ãã«
ã ã¢ã«ããã氎溶液92mlãèé ž0.04ïœãæ·»å ã
ããæ¹æããªãããã»ãã©ãã«ãã©ã¹ã³ã油济ã«
浞ãã容åšå 枩床ã100âã«ã³ã³ãããŒã«ããªã
ããïŒæé30åãä»å çž®åéåãè¡ãªã€ããåå¿
åŸã油济ã®æž©åºŠã180âãŸã§äžããåæã«åå¿å®¹
åšå ã®å§åã20mmHgãŸã§æžå§ããŠãæ°Žããã³æª
åå¿ç©ãé€å»ããã次ãã§æº¶èããããã©ãã¯æš¹
èïŒä»¥äžãããã©ãã¯æš¹èãšç¥èšãããïŒã宀
æž©ã«æ»ããŠååããã ããã©ãã¯æš¹èA13ïœãšïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒâããªãã
ããã·ãã³ãŸããšãã³âïŒïŒïŒâãããããã³ãž
ã¢ãžãâïŒâã¹ã«ãã³é žããªãšã¹ãã«ïŒïœããšã
ã«ã»ããœã«ãã¢ã»ããŒã35ïœã«æº¶è§£ããã®ã¡ãå
åŸ0.2ÎŒïœã®ã¡ã³ãã©ã³ãã€ã«ã¿ãŒã§éããããž
åæå æ§æš¹èçµæç©ã®æº¶æ¶²ã調補ããã ã·ãªã³ã³é žåèãæããã·ãªã³ã³ãŠãšããŒäžã«
ã¹ãã³ããŒãçšããŠäžèšæº¶æ¶²ãå¡åžããã®ã¡ã90
âã§30åéããªãŒãã³äžã§ãã¬ããŒã¯ããŠ1ÎŒïœ
åã®ã¬ãžã¹ãèã圢æããã次ã«ãåžçå°å·(æ ª)補
ãããã¹ã¯ãä»ããŠãOptical AssociatesïŒInc.
補Model205玫å€ç·åŒ·åºŠèšã§èŒæ£ãããšãã«ã®ãŒ
ïŒ365nmïŒãã10mJïŒcm2ã®çŽ«å€ç·ãç §å°ãããã
ã©ã¡ãã«ã¢ã³ã¢ããŠã ããããã·ãïŒééïŒ æ°Žæº¶
液ã§ã20âã60ç§éçŸåãããšãããç·å·Ÿ1.0ÎŒïœ
ã®ã¬ãžã¹ããã¿ãŒã³ã解åã§ããããŸãããã®ã¬
ãžã¹ãã®æ®èçã枬å®ãããšãã94ïŒ ãšéåžžã«é«
ãå€ã瀺ããããããã€ãŠããã®ããžåæå æ§æš¹
èçµæç©ã¯ãæ床ãæ®èçãšãã«é«ãããšããã
ã€ãã 以äžã®ããã«ããŠåŸãããã¬ãžã¹ããã¿ãŒã³ã
å¹³è¡å¹³æ¿åãã©ãºããã©ã€ãšããã³ã°è£ 眮ïŒé»æ¥µ
éé40mmïŒã«è£ çããåºå100Wãã¬ã¹å§15Paã®
æ¡ä»¶ã§åããåççŽ ïŒé žçŽ ïŒ95ïŒïŒå®¹éæ¯ïŒãã
ã©ãºãåããŠãã¬ãžã¹ããã¿ãŒã³ã®èãã©ã€ãšã
ãã³ã°æ§ã調ã¹ããäžè¬ã«ãã¬ãžã¹ããã¿ãŒã³ã
ãšããã³ã°ãããé床ãšã·ãªã³ã³é žåèã®ãããš
ã®æ¯ãéžææ¯ãšç§°ããããæ¬å®æœäŸã§ã¯ãéžææ¯
ã3.0ãšéåžžã«é«ãå€ã瀺ããããã©ãã¯æš¹è
ã®èãã©ã€ãšããã³ã°æ§ãåªããŠããããšã確èª
ãããã å®æœäŸ ïŒãïŒ ããã©ãã¯æš¹èãšè¡šâïŒã«ç€ºãïŒïŒïŒâãã
ã³ãžã¢ãžãååç©ã䜿çšããä»ã¯ãå®æœäŸïŒãšå
æ§ãããžåæå æ§æš¹èçµæç©ã®æº¶æ¶²ã調補ãã次
ãã§ã¬ãžã¹ããã¿ãŒã³ã圢æãããšãããè¡šâïŒ
ã«ç€ºãããã«ãããããæ床ãæ®èçãèãã©ã€
ãšããã³ã°æ§ã«åªãããã®ã§ãã€ãã
ãè¡šã
å®æœäŸ ïŒãïŒ
å®æœäŸïŒã®ããã©ãã¯æš¹èã«ãããïœâã¯ã¬
ãŸãŒã«ããã³ïŒïŒïŒâãã·ã¬ããŒã«ã«ä»£ããŠãè¡š
âïŒã«ç€ºãåã¢ãããŒçµæç©ãçšããä»ã¯ããã©
ãã¯æš¹èã®å Žåãšåæ§ã«ä»å çž®åéåããŠåŸã
ããããã©ãã¯æš¹èã䜿çšããå®æœäŸïŒãšåæ§ã«
ããžåæå æ§æš¹èçµæç©ã®æº¶æ¶²ã調補ãã次ãã§
ã¬ãžã¹ããã¿ãŒã³ã圢æãããã®ç¹æ§ã枬å®ã
ãããã®çµæãè¡šâïŒã«ç€ºãããããããæ床ã
æ®èçãèãã©ã€ãšããã³ã°æ§ã«åªãããã®ã§ã
ã€ãã
ãŸãŒã«ããã³ïŒïŒïŒâãã·ã¬ããŒã«ã«ä»£ããŠãè¡š
âïŒã«ç€ºãåã¢ãããŒçµæç©ãçšããä»ã¯ããã©
ãã¯æš¹èã®å Žåãšåæ§ã«ä»å çž®åéåããŠåŸã
ããããã©ãã¯æš¹èã䜿çšããå®æœäŸïŒãšåæ§ã«
ããžåæå æ§æš¹èçµæç©ã®æº¶æ¶²ã調補ãã次ãã§
ã¬ãžã¹ããã¿ãŒã³ã圢æãããã®ç¹æ§ã枬å®ã
ãããã®çµæãè¡šâïŒã«ç€ºãããããããæ床ã
æ®èçãèãã©ã€ãšããã³ã°æ§ã«åªãããã®ã§ã
ã€ãã
ãè¡šã
å®æœäŸ ïŒ
å®æœäŸïŒã®ã¢ãããŒä»èŸŒã¿éãïœâã¯ã¬ãŸãŒã«
64.8ïœããã³ïŒïŒïŒâãã·ã¬ããŒã«73.2ïœãïœâ
ã¯ã¬ãŸãŒã«ïŒïŒïŒïŒâãã·ã¬ããŒã«ïŒ50ïŒ50ïŒã¢
ã«æ¯ïŒãã«ä»£ããä»ã¯å®æœäŸïŒãšåæ§ã«ããŠãã
ã©ãã¯æš¹èãåæããã ãã®ããã©ãã¯æš¹è13ïœããã³ïŒïŒïŒâããã³
ãžã¢ãžãååç©ãšããŠïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒâããªãããã
ã·ãã³ãŸããšãã³ïŒã¢ã«ãšïŒïŒïŒâãããããã³
ãžã¢ãžãâïŒâã¹ã«ãã³é žã¯ããªãïŒã¢ã«ãšã®çž®
åç©ïŒïœãçšããŠå®æœäŸïŒãšåæ§ã«ããžåæå æ§
æš¹èçµæç©ã®æº¶æ¶²ã調補ãã次ãã§ã¬ãžã¹ããã¿
ãŒã³ã圢æãããšãããæ床15.5mJïŒcm2ãæ®è
ç96ïŒ ãèãã©ã€ãšããã³ã°æ§ïŒéžææ¯ïŒ2.9ãš
åªãããã®ã§ãã€ãã æ¯èŒäŸ ïŒ å®æœäŸïŒã®ã¢ãããŒä»èŸŒéãïœâã¯ã¬ãŸãŒã«
113.4ïœãïœâã¯ã¬ãŸãŒã«16.2ïœãïœâã¯ã¬ãŸãŒ
ã«ïŒïœâã¯ã¬ãŸãŒã«ïŒ87.5ïŒ12.5ïŒã¢ã«æ¯ïŒãã«æ¿
ããä»ã¯å®æœäŸïŒãšåæ§ã«ããŠãããã©ãã¯æš¹è
ãåæããã ãã®ããã©ãã¯æš¹èãçšããŠå®æœäŸïŒãšåæ§ã«
ããžåæå æ§æš¹èçµæç©ã®æº¶æ¶²ã調補ãã次ãã§
ã¬ãžã¹ããã¿ãŒã³ã圢æãããšãããæ床ã¯
15mJïŒcm2ãšæ¯èŒçè¯å¥œã§ãã€ãããæ®èçã80
ïŒ ãšäœããæ床ãšæ®èçã®ãã©ã³ã¹ãåããªãã
ã®ããã€ãããŸããèãã©ã€ãšããã³ã°æ§ãã¹ã
ã«ãããéžææ¯ã¯2.2ãšäœããèãã©ã€ãšããã³
ã°æ§ãæªãçµæãåŸãããã æ¯èŒäŸ ïŒ å®æœäŸïŒã®ã¢ãããŒä»èŸŒã¿ãïŒïŒïŒâãã·ã¬ã
ãŒã«ã®ã¿146.4ïœã«ä»£ããä»ã¯ãå®æœäŸïŒãšåæ§
ã«ããŠããã©ãã¯æš¹èãåæããã ãã®ããã©ãã¯æš¹èãçšããŠå®æœäŸïŒãšåæ§ã«
ããžåæå æ§æš¹èçµæç©ã®æº¶æ¶²ã調補ããã¬ãžã¹
ãèã圢æããã次ã«ã100mJïŒcm2ã®çŽ«å€ç·ãç §
å°ããä»ã¯å®æœäŸïŒãšåæ§ã«çŸåãããšãããç·
å·Ÿ1.0ÎŒïœã®ã¬ãžã¹ããã¿ãŒã³ãã»ãšãã©è§£åã§ã
ãªãã€ãã
64.8ïœããã³ïŒïŒïŒâãã·ã¬ããŒã«73.2ïœãïœâ
ã¯ã¬ãŸãŒã«ïŒïŒïŒïŒâãã·ã¬ããŒã«ïŒ50ïŒ50ïŒã¢
ã«æ¯ïŒãã«ä»£ããä»ã¯å®æœäŸïŒãšåæ§ã«ããŠãã
ã©ãã¯æš¹èãåæããã ãã®ããã©ãã¯æš¹è13ïœããã³ïŒïŒïŒâããã³
ãžã¢ãžãååç©ãšããŠïŒïŒïŒïŒïŒâããªãããã
ã·ãã³ãŸããšãã³ïŒã¢ã«ãšïŒïŒïŒâãããããã³
ãžã¢ãžãâïŒâã¹ã«ãã³é žã¯ããªãïŒã¢ã«ãšã®çž®
åç©ïŒïœãçšããŠå®æœäŸïŒãšåæ§ã«ããžåæå æ§
æš¹èçµæç©ã®æº¶æ¶²ã調補ãã次ãã§ã¬ãžã¹ããã¿
ãŒã³ã圢æãããšãããæ床15.5mJïŒcm2ãæ®è
ç96ïŒ ãèãã©ã€ãšããã³ã°æ§ïŒéžææ¯ïŒ2.9ãš
åªãããã®ã§ãã€ãã æ¯èŒäŸ ïŒ å®æœäŸïŒã®ã¢ãããŒä»èŸŒéãïœâã¯ã¬ãŸãŒã«
113.4ïœãïœâã¯ã¬ãŸãŒã«16.2ïœãïœâã¯ã¬ãŸãŒ
ã«ïŒïœâã¯ã¬ãŸãŒã«ïŒ87.5ïŒ12.5ïŒã¢ã«æ¯ïŒãã«æ¿
ããä»ã¯å®æœäŸïŒãšåæ§ã«ããŠãããã©ãã¯æš¹è
ãåæããã ãã®ããã©ãã¯æš¹èãçšããŠå®æœäŸïŒãšåæ§ã«
ããžåæå æ§æš¹èçµæç©ã®æº¶æ¶²ã調補ãã次ãã§
ã¬ãžã¹ããã¿ãŒã³ã圢æãããšãããæ床ã¯
15mJïŒcm2ãšæ¯èŒçè¯å¥œã§ãã€ãããæ®èçã80
ïŒ ãšäœããæ床ãšæ®èçã®ãã©ã³ã¹ãåããªãã
ã®ããã€ãããŸããèãã©ã€ãšããã³ã°æ§ãã¹ã
ã«ãããéžææ¯ã¯2.2ãšäœããèãã©ã€ãšããã³
ã°æ§ãæªãçµæãåŸãããã æ¯èŒäŸ ïŒ å®æœäŸïŒã®ã¢ãããŒä»èŸŒã¿ãïŒïŒïŒâãã·ã¬ã
ãŒã«ã®ã¿146.4ïœã«ä»£ããä»ã¯ãå®æœäŸïŒãšåæ§
ã«ããŠããã©ãã¯æš¹èãåæããã ãã®ããã©ãã¯æš¹èãçšããŠå®æœäŸïŒãšåæ§ã«
ããžåæå æ§æš¹èçµæç©ã®æº¶æ¶²ã調補ããã¬ãžã¹
ãèã圢æããã次ã«ã100mJïŒcm2ã®çŽ«å€ç·ãç §
å°ããä»ã¯å®æœäŸïŒãšåæ§ã«çŸåãããšãããç·
å·Ÿ1.0ÎŒïœã®ã¬ãžã¹ããã¿ãŒã³ãã»ãšãã©è§£åã§ã
ãªãã€ãã
Claims (1)
- ïŒ ã¢ã«ã«ãªå¯æº¶æ§ããã©ãã¯æš¹èãšïŒïŒïŒâã
ãã³ãžã¢ãžãååç©ãšãããªãããžåæå æ§æš¹è
çµæç©ã«ãããŠã該ã¢ã«ã«ãªå¯æº¶æ§ããã©ãã¯æš¹
èãïœâã¯ã¬ãŸãŒã«ãšãã·ã¬ããŒã«ãšãå«æãã
ïœâã¯ã¬ãŸãŒã«ãå«æããªãçž®åã¢ãããŒãã¢ã«
ãããé¡ãçšããŠçž®åããããã©ãã¯æš¹èã§ãã
ããšãç¹åŸŽãšããããžåæå æ§æš¹èçµæç©ã
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP3303484A JPS60176034A (ja) | 1984-02-23 | 1984-02-23 | ããžåæå æ§æš¹èçµæç© |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP3303484A JPS60176034A (ja) | 1984-02-23 | 1984-02-23 | ããžåæå æ§æš¹èçµæç© |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JPS60176034A JPS60176034A (ja) | 1985-09-10 |
JPH0336420B2 true JPH0336420B2 (ja) | 1991-05-31 |
Family
ID=12375506
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP3303484A Granted JPS60176034A (ja) | 1984-02-23 | 1984-02-23 | ããžåæå æ§æš¹èçµæç© |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JPS60176034A (ja) |
Families Citing this family (17)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS62124557A (ja) * | 1985-11-25 | 1987-06-05 | Konishiroku Photo Ind Co Ltd | æå æ§çµæç©åã³æå æ§å¹³çå°å·çææ |
JPH0654385B2 (ja) * | 1986-01-27 | 1994-07-20 | æ¥æ¬åæãŽã æ ªåŒäŒç€Ÿ | ããžåææŸå°ç·æ§æš¹èçµæç© |
JPS62161146A (ja) * | 1986-01-10 | 1987-07-17 | Mitsubishi Petrochem Co Ltd | ããã¬ãžã¹ãçµæç© |
JPS62163055A (ja) * | 1986-01-14 | 1987-07-18 | Mitsubishi Chem Ind Ltd | ããžåæå æ§å¹³çå°å·ç |
JPH0654388B2 (ja) * | 1986-05-02 | 1994-07-20 | æ±äº¬å¿åå·¥æ¥æ ªåŒäŒç€Ÿ | ããžåããã¬ãžã¹ãçµæç© |
JPH0656487B2 (ja) * | 1986-05-02 | 1994-07-27 | æ±äº¬å¿åå·¥æ¥æ ªåŒäŒç€Ÿ | ããžåããã¬ãžã¹ãçšçµæç© |
JPH0654387B2 (ja) * | 1986-05-02 | 1994-07-20 | æ±äº¬å¿åå·¥æ¥æ ªåŒäŒç€Ÿ | ããžåããã¬ãžã¹ãçµæç© |
JP2693472B2 (ja) * | 1987-11-26 | 1997-12-24 | æ ªåŒäŒç€Ÿæ±è | ã¬ãžã¹ã |
JPH0293651A (ja) * | 1988-09-30 | 1990-04-04 | Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd | ããžåœ¢ããªãã¬ãžã¹ãçµæç© |
JP2623778B2 (ja) * | 1988-10-18 | 1997-06-25 | æ¥æ¬åæãŽã æ ªåŒäŒç€Ÿ | ææŸå°ç·æ§æš¹èçµæç© |
JPH0354565A (ja) * | 1989-07-24 | 1991-03-08 | Japan Synthetic Rubber Co Ltd | ãã¿ãŒã³åœ¢ææ¹æ³ |
DE69032873T2 (de) * | 1989-09-08 | 1999-07-29 | Olin Microelectronic Chemicals, Inc., Norwalk, Conn. | VollstÀndig substituierte Novalak-Polymere enthaltende Strahlungsempfindliche Zusammensetzungen |
US5324620A (en) * | 1989-09-08 | 1994-06-28 | Ocg Microeletronic Materials, Inc. | Radiation-sensitive compositions containing novolak polymers made from four phenolic derivatives and an aldehyde |
US5322757A (en) * | 1989-09-08 | 1994-06-21 | Ocg Microelectronic Materials, Inc. | Positive photoresists comprising a novolak resin made from 2,3-dimethyl phenol,2,3,5-trimethylphenol and aldehyde with no meta-cresol present |
US5346799A (en) * | 1991-12-23 | 1994-09-13 | Ocg Microelectronic Materials, Inc. | Novolak resins and their use in radiation-sensitive compositions wherein the novolak resins are made by condensing 2,6-dimethylphenol, 2,3-dimethylphenol, a para-substituted phenol and an aldehyde |
DE69431570T2 (de) * | 1994-12-28 | 2003-06-12 | Nippon Zeon Co., Ltd. | Positivarbeitende resistzusammensetzung |
JP4841072B2 (ja) * | 2001-08-10 | 2011-12-21 | äžæŽé»æ©æ ªåŒäŒç€Ÿ | 空æ°èª¿åè£ çœ® |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS4924361A (ja) * | 1972-06-27 | 1974-03-04 | ||
JPS5557841A (en) * | 1978-10-20 | 1980-04-30 | Konishiroku Photo Ind Co Ltd | Photosensitive composition |
JPS60158440A (ja) * | 1984-01-26 | 1985-08-19 | Mitsubishi Chem Ind Ltd | ããžåããªãã¬ãžã¹ãçµæç© |
-
1984
- 1984-02-23 JP JP3303484A patent/JPS60176034A/ja active Granted
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS4924361A (ja) * | 1972-06-27 | 1974-03-04 | ||
JPS5557841A (en) * | 1978-10-20 | 1980-04-30 | Konishiroku Photo Ind Co Ltd | Photosensitive composition |
JPS60158440A (ja) * | 1984-01-26 | 1985-08-19 | Mitsubishi Chem Ind Ltd | ããžåããªãã¬ãžã¹ãçµæç© |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JPS60176034A (ja) | 1985-09-10 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
JPH0336420B2 (ja) | ||
JPH0322619B2 (ja) | ||
JPH05232697A (ja) | ããžåã¬ãžã¹ãçµæç© | |
JPH0251499B2 (ja) | ||
JPH0654381B2 (ja) | éç©åè·¯äœè£œçšããžåã¬ãžã¹ã | |
JPH0322618B2 (ja) | ||
JPH03294861A (ja) | ããžåãã©ãã¬ãžã¹ãçµæç© | |
US6905809B2 (en) | Photoresist compositions | |
US5403696A (en) | Radiation-sensitive positive resist composition comprising an alkali-soluble resin made from tert-butyl-methyl phenol | |
JP2623778B2 (ja) | ææŸå°ç·æ§æš¹èçµæç© | |
JPH0148532B2 (ja) | ||
JPH034896B2 (ja) | ||
JP2019203097A (ja) | æå æ§æš¹èçµæç©çšã®ããã©ãã¯åãã§ããŒã«æš¹è | |
JP2555620B2 (ja) | ææŸå°ç·æ§æš¹èçµæç© | |
JPS62280737A (ja) | åå°äœããã€ã¹è£œé çšããžåææŸå°ç·æ§æš¹èçµæç© | |
JPH0260915A (ja) | ããã©ãã¯æš¹èäžã®äœæ žäœã®é€å»æ¹æ³ | |
JPH0588466B2 (ja) | ||
JP3784095B2 (ja) | æå æ§æš¹èçµæç© | |
JP3722538B2 (ja) | ããžåãã©ãã¬ãžã¹ãçµæç© | |
JPH04260B2 (ja) | ||
JPH0654385B2 (ja) | ããžåææŸå°ç·æ§æš¹èçµæç© | |
JPH0656488B2 (ja) | ããžåæå æ§æš¹èçµæç© | |
KR101308267B1 (ko) | ì·ì ê³ ì©ë§€ì ì©íŽì±ì ê°ì§ë ì€ëŠ¬ìœê³ ê³ë©Žíì±ì 륌íšì íë ìì± í¬í ë ì§ì€íž ì¡°ì±ë¬Œ | |
JP2985400B2 (ja) | ææŸå°ç·æ§æš¹èçµæç© | |
JP2623803B2 (ja) | ææŸå°ç·æ§æš¹èçµæç© |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
EXPY | Cancellation because of completion of term |