JP7368923B2 - リサイクル綿から炭素繊維を生産する方法、及びこの方法で得られた繊維の、複合材料から物品を形成するための使用 - Google Patents
リサイクル綿から炭素繊維を生産する方法、及びこの方法で得られた繊維の、複合材料から物品を形成するための使用 Download PDFInfo
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- JP7368923B2 JP7368923B2 JP2020552152A JP2020552152A JP7368923B2 JP 7368923 B2 JP7368923 B2 JP 7368923B2 JP 2020552152 A JP2020552152 A JP 2020552152A JP 2020552152 A JP2020552152 A JP 2020552152A JP 7368923 B2 JP7368923 B2 JP 7368923B2
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Images
Classifications
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- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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- C08J2363/00—Characterised by the use of epoxy resins; Derivatives of epoxy resins
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F1/00—General methods for the manufacture of artificial filaments or the like
- D01F1/02—Addition of substances to the spinning solution or to the melt
- D01F1/10—Other agents for modifying properties
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
Description
a)セルロース系繊維を調製するステップであって:
a1)他のいずれの材料を排除するものではないが特に綿から作製された製造品を回収するステップ;
a2)この製品を機械的に処理して、リサイクル綿繊維と呼ばれる、短く不連続な、特に長さ5mm以下の繊維の形態の綿を抽出するステップ;
a3)上記リサイクル綿繊維を、セルロースを溶解できる溶媒溶液中に溶解させて、いわゆる紡糸用溶液を形成するステップ;
a4)一般にウエット紡糸プロセスとも呼ばれる溶媒紡糸プロセスによって、連続セルロース系繊維を生産するステップ;
a5)任意に、得られた上記連続セルロース系繊維を牽引して、より長い繊維を形成するステップ(このような牽引ステップの使用は、本発明の範囲内において特に好ましい)
を含む、ステップ;及び
b)得られた上記連続セルロース系繊維を炭素化して、炭素繊維を形成するステップ
を含む。
‐個々の連続セルロース系繊維を炭素化することによる炭素繊維の生産を含む、本発明による炭素繊維の生産方法を実装し、これによって得られた複数の炭素繊維から炭素繊維のウェブを形成するステップ;又は連続セルロース系繊維のウェブの形成を含む、本発明による炭素繊維の生産方法を実装し、この繊維のウェブを炭素化して炭素繊維のウェブを形成するステップ;並びに
‐このようにして得られた炭素繊維の複数のウェブから、複合材料製の物品を生産するステップ
を含む。
例えば、本発明による炭素繊維の生産方法は、綿から作製された布地製品、例えば100%綿のズボンを用いて実装される。
20℃から1200℃まで3℃/分の温度勾配を用いて、張力下において、窒素中で静的炭素化ステップに供する。
本発明による炭素繊維の生産方法は、大半が綿であるが、より少量のエラスタン及びポリエステルもベースとして作製されたズボンを用いて実装される。
‐7~10barの圧力下における、メッシュサイズ350×350μmのフィルタを備えたフィルタプレスタイプのデバイス中での第1のろ過ステップ。このステップの終了時には、最も長い合成繊維が溶液から除去され、図1のb)に示すように短い合成繊維が残る;
‐10~50barの圧力下における、メッシュサイズ60×60μm、80×80μm、及び350×350μmのスクリーンを備えた3層フィルタを用いた第2のろ過ステップ。このステップの終了時には、図1のc)に示すように、全ての合成繊維が溶液から除去されていることが観察される。
Claims (11)
- 綿をリサイクルすることによって炭素繊維を生産する方法であって、
前記方法は:
a)セルロース系繊維を調製するステップであって:
a1)綿から作製された製造品を回収するステップ;
a2)前記製品を機械的に処理して、リサイクル綿繊維と呼ばれる、短く不連続な繊維の形態の綿を抽出するステップ;
a3)前記リサイクル綿繊維を、溶媒溶液としてのリン酸溶液中に溶解させて、いわゆる紡糸用溶液を形成するステップ;
a4)溶媒紡糸プロセスによって、連続セルロース系繊維を生産するステップ;
a5)任意に、得られた前記連続セルロース系繊維を牽引するステップ
を含む、ステップ;及び
b)前記連続セルロース系繊維を炭素化して、炭素繊維を形成するステップ
を含む、炭素繊維を生産する方法。 - 前記紡糸用溶液は非イオン性乳化剤を含有する、請求項1に記載の炭素繊維を生産する方法。
- 前記ステップa2)の終了時に得られた前記リサイクル綿繊維と、前記ステップa2)の終了時に混合されている可能性がある不純物を、除去するステップを含む、請求項1又は2に記載の炭素繊維を生産する方法。
- 機械的ろ過によって非セルロース系合成繊維を前記紡糸用溶液から除去するステップを含む、請求項1~3のいずれか1項に記載の炭素繊維を生産する方法。
- 前記ステップa3)において、前記リサイクル綿繊維を精製セルロースと混合する、請求項1~4のいずれか1項に記載の炭素繊維を生産する方法。
- 前記ステップa3)において、前記溶媒溶液中に溶解される前記リサイクル綿繊維の濃度、又は精製セルロースを添加する場合は前記リサイクル綿繊維と精製セルロースとの混合物の濃度は、5~30重量%である、請求項1~5のいずれか1項に記載の炭素繊維を生産する方法。
- 直径がナノメートルサイズの炭素質充填剤を前記紡糸用溶液に添加する、請求項1~6のいずれか1項に記載の炭素繊維を生産する方法。
- 前記ナノメートルサイズの炭素質充填剤は、前記ステップa3)の間に前記溶媒溶液中に溶解される前記リサイクル綿繊維の重量に対して、又は精製セルロースを添加する場合は前記リサイクル綿繊維と精製セルロースとの混合物の重量に対して、1ppm~5重量%の濃度で、前記紡糸用溶液に添加される、請求項7に記載の炭素繊維を生産する方法。
- 前記ステップa4)又はa5)で得られた複数の連続セルロース系繊維から、セルロース系繊維のウェブを形成するステップを含み、
前記連続セルロース系繊維の前記ウェブを炭素化することによって、前記連続セルロース系繊維を炭素化する前記ステップb)を実施し、炭素繊維のウェブを形成する、請求項1~8のいずれか1項に記載の炭素繊維を生産する方法。 - 有機ポリマー樹脂マトリックス中に分散された炭素繊維で作製された複合材料製の物品を生産するための、請求項1~8のいずれか一項に記載の炭素繊維、又は請求項9に記載の炭素繊維のウェブの使用。
- 有機ポリマー樹脂マトリックス中に分散された炭素繊維で作製された複合材料製の物品を生産する方法であって、
前記方法は:
‐請求項1~8のいずれか1項に記載の炭素繊維を生産する方法を実装して、得られた複数の炭素繊維から炭素繊維のウェブを形成するステップ;又は請求項9に記載の炭素繊維を生産する方法を実装して炭素繊維のウェブを形成するステップ;及び
‐前記ステップによって得られた炭素繊維の複数のウェブから、前記複合材料製の物品を生産するステップ
を含む、複合材料製の物品を生産する方法。
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CN112608513B (zh) * | 2020-11-20 | 2022-09-02 | 湖北金环绿色纤维有限公司 | 废旧涤棉混纺织物制备纤维素溶解浆的方法及制品 |
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