JP7366095B2 - 非鉄金属製造の際に生じる改質スラグ - Google Patents
非鉄金属製造の際に生じる改質スラグ Download PDFInfo
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- JP7366095B2 JP7366095B2 JP2021157524A JP2021157524A JP7366095B2 JP 7366095 B2 JP7366095 B2 JP 7366095B2 JP 2021157524 A JP2021157524 A JP 2021157524A JP 2021157524 A JP2021157524 A JP 2021157524A JP 7366095 B2 JP7366095 B2 JP 7366095B2
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- slag
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- metal
- slag according
- Prior art date
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- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 title claims description 449
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 111
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims description 110
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title description 38
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title description 19
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims description 92
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 67
- 239000011133 lead Substances 0.000 claims description 65
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 50
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 50
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 41
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 39
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 37
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 37
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 34
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 34
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 33
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 30
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 28
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000011398 Portland cement Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920000592 inorganic polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000011116 calcium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 105
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 69
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 45
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 44
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 40
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 26
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 25
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 25
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 20
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 19
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 16
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 16
- -1 ferrous metals Chemical class 0.000 description 15
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 15
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 14
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 14
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 14
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 description 13
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 13
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 12
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 12
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 12
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 12
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000009832 plasma treatment Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 11
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 10
- 229920000876 geopolymer Polymers 0.000 description 10
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229910052745 lead Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 8
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 238000010891 electric arc Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 7
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 7
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 6
- HTUMBQDCCIXGCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Pb+2] HTUMBQDCCIXGCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000012190 activator Substances 0.000 description 5
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 230000036961 partial effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000011143 downstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910001338 liquidmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 4
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 235000019738 Limestone Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000002372 labelling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000006028 limestone Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000007885 magnetic separation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 235000019353 potassium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000009853 pyrometallurgy Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Na+].[Na+] KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 3
- WKBPZYKAUNRMKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-[2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)pentyl]1,2,4-triazole Chemical compound C=1C=C(Cl)C=C(Cl)C=1C(CCC)CN1C=NC=N1 WKBPZYKAUNRMKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 description 2
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010923 batch production Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000010216 calcium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010828 elution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 231100001261 hazardous Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002354 inductively-coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910000464 lead oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005272 metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002006 petroleum coke Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001845 yogo sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910000906 Bronze Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000195493 Cryptophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010011906 Death Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000237858 Gastropoda Species 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000760038 Monosis Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000004111 Potassium silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910004283 SiO 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000272 alkali metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012080 ambient air Substances 0.000 description 1
- RHZUVFJBSILHOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N anthracen-1-ylmethanolate Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C=C3C(C[O-])=CC=CC3=CC2=C1 RHZUVFJBSILHOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003830 anthracite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052785 arsenic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N arsenic atom Chemical compound [As] RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000001636 atomic emission spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 239000010974 bronze Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005587 bubbling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium atom Chemical compound [Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 1
- KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper tin Chemical compound [Cu].[Sn] KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000006253 efflorescence Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 230000002452 interceptive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000004898 kneading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003077 lignite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000010309 melting process Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000010450 olivine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052609 olivine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- NNHHDJVEYQHLHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium silicate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NNHHDJVEYQHLHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052913 potassium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005488 sandblasting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 229910001948 sodium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052596 spinel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011029 spinel Substances 0.000 description 1
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- JBQYATWDVHIOAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N tellanylidenegermanium Chemical compound [Te]=[Ge] JBQYATWDVHIOAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B7/00—Hydraulic cements
- C04B7/14—Cements containing slag
- C04B7/147—Metallurgical slag
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B5/00—Treatment of metallurgical slag ; Artificial stone from molten metallurgical slag
- C04B5/06—Ingredients, other than water, added to the molten slag or to the granulating medium or before remelting; Treatment with gases or gas generating compounds, e.g. to obtain porous slag
- C04B5/065—Porous slag
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B7/00—Working up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals and compounds thereof; Methods of a general interest or applied to the winning of more than two metals
- C22B7/04—Working-up slag
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B11/00—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles
- B28B11/24—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles for curing, setting or hardening
- B28B11/243—Setting, e.g. drying, dehydrating or firing ceramic articles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B3/00—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor
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Description
銅溶解炉の操業温度は、通常、特定のその他溶解炉の操業温度よりもはるかに低い。そのような低温でスラグに十分な流動性を持たせるためには、特定の成分が必要とされるか又は望まれる。なぜなら、それら成分は、時に特定の濃度範囲においてスラグ溶融温度を抑える傾向を有し、そのため必要以上の高温をかけることなく溶融方法を実施できるからである。そのことは、エネルギー消費の観点から、したがって操業コストの観点から非常に望ましい。
a)少なくとも7重量%、最大49重量%の鉄(Fe)、
b)最大1.3重量%の銅(Cu)、
c)少なくとも24重量%、最大44重量%の二酸化ケイ素(SiO2)、及び、
d)少なくとも2.0重量%。最大20重量%の酸化カルシウム(CaO)を含み、ここで、この成分は、乾燥基準であり、金属の存在は、存在する金属元素の総量で表され、酸化状態の金属の存在は、好ましくは、その金属自体及び/又はその他の金属との組み合わせでの、金属の酸化物の形態で表され、このスラグは、同一基準で、
e)少なくとも0.10重量%、最大1.00重量%の亜鉛(Zn)、
f)少なくとも0.10重量%、最大2.5重量%の酸化マグネシウム(MgO)、及び、
g)最大0.100重量%の鉛(Pb)、
を含む。
亜鉛、鉛、及びこれらの組み合わせから選択される少なくとも1種の金属を含む、第1のスラグを供給する工程と、
第1のスラグをフューミング炉に投入する工程と、
少なくとも1つのプラズマトーチを用いて、亜鉛、鉛、及びこれらの組み合わせから選択される少なくとも1種の金属を第1のスラグから蒸発させ、第2のスラグを得る工程と、
フューミング炉から第2のスラグを取り出す工程と、
を含む。
本出願人らは更に、Na2Oの存在が、スラグの溶融温度を有意に低下可能であることを見出した。Na2Oが存在するために、スラグは、プラズマ処理実施前にスラグが生成される溶解炉中において、比較的低温でより流動的となる。このことにより、より高濃度の金属相及びより高濃度のスラグ相(2相それぞれにおいて望ましい構成成分を基準とする)を同時に得られるように、スラグ中の構成成分及び液体金属相中の構成成分間における、優れた分離が達成可能であるという利点がもたらされる。このことにより、一方では、金属相における所望金属のより高い回収、金属相における所望金属の更なる高濃度化がもたらされ、また他方では、スラグ相における貴重な金属有価物の更なる低濃度化がもたらされる。Na2Oの存在は、下流プロセス(本発明の場合、最終スラグを製造するためのスラグのプラズマ処理プロセス工程)に必要な条件が緩和されるという利点をもたらす。プラズマ処理工程は、低温で行ってもよく、スラグの優れた流動性(例えば、粘性が低い)により、少なくとも所望のフューミング操作及び相分離速度を有していてもよい。そのため、スラグから亜鉛及び/又は鉛を蒸発させて本発明によるスラグを得るという観点から、少なくとも所望のプロセス速度を達成することができる。したがって、本発明によるスラグ中のNa2O成分は、本発明における更なる関連要素である。
高温のガス流は、スラグ浴中を通り抜けスラグ浴を加熱する。表面へと上がる途中に、ガス流は、Zn及び/又はPbなどの蒸発性金属を捕捉する。あるいは、スラグ浴に、固体炭素又は炭素含有材などの形態の還元剤、好ましくは石油コークスを添加してもよい。この場合、プラズマトーチはエネルギーを生じさせるが、還元を起こすのは浴中の還元剤である。
3メートルトン規模のパイロット試験を実施して、浸漬させたプラズマシステムを用いて第1のスラグから第2のスラグを製造可能であることを実証した。
実施例1の急冷スラグをバインダーとして、また実施例1の徐冷スラグを骨材として用い、無機高分子プレス試料を作製した。バインダー用にスラグの一部を細かく粉砕した。得られたスラグ粉末は、90重量%の粒子が50~70μmの範囲の粒径である粒度分布を有していた。80μmのふるい目を用いた遠心ミル(Retsch(登録商標) ZM100)で、スラグを粉砕した。湿式のレーザー散乱解析(Malvern(登録商標) Mastersizer S)を使用して粒度分布(PSD)を測定し、d90≦70μmを有することを見出した。骨材用にスラグの別の一部を粉砕した。ふるい分け及び混練により作製し得られた混合物は、工業規格EN 196-1による標準砂(Normsand又はNorm Sand)の粒度分布に密接に対応する粒度分布を有していた。CEN標準砂(EN 196-1)に相当する粒径のスラグ骨材を得るために、ディスクミル(Retsch(登録商標) DM 200)を用いて徐冷スラグを徐々に粉砕した。その後、粉砕した粒子を、0.08mm~0.16mm、0.16mm~0.5mm、0.5mm~1mm、1mm~1.6mm、1.6mm~2mmの各部に分級した。分級は、振動式ふるい振とう機(Retsch AS 200 basic)を使い上述したメッシュサイズのふるいカラム(Retsch Type)を用いて行った。所望量の個々の分級部分を有するスラグ骨材のバッチは、EN 196-1で規定された割合で、得られた分級部を混合することにより作製した。ドイツ、カールスルーエのabcr GmbH社から入手した市販の水ガラス(Na2SiO3)を、50/50(重量/重量)比で混合することにより作製した活性溶剤を更に使用した(ケイ酸ナトリウムとしての水ガラスは、ケイ酸塩(39~40%)水溶液に、6N(6モル/リットル)のNaOH水溶液を加えて作製される)。以下の混合比を適用した。
活性溶剤/バインダー 0.48/1.0
骨材/バインダー 4.7/1.0
実施例2のタイルに対する性能試験では、以下の結果となった。
圧縮試験機Schenck(登録商標)-RM100(プレス速度 1mm/分)を用い、試料寸法が最も大きい方向に対する圧縮強度を測定した。4つの試料について試験を行った。28日目の圧縮強度は、102.4±4.4MPaであることが分かった。この圧縮強度は、初日の硬化後に、すでに達成されていたことが判明した。圧縮強度は、硬化期間から更に27日間経過後も同一のまま維持された。
Claims (12)
- スラグの建設産業での使用であって、該スラグは、成分を乾燥基準であり、金属の存在を、金属元素として存在する金属および酸化状態で存在する金属の総量として表わすとき、
a)少なくとも7重量%、最大49重量%の鉄と、
b)最大1.3重量%の銅と、
c)少なくとも24重量%、最大44重量%の二酸化ケイ素SiO2と、
d)少なくとも1.0重量%、最大20重量%の酸化カルシウムCaOと、
e)少なくとも0.10重量%、最大1.50重量%の亜鉛Znと、
f)少なくとも0.10重量%、最大2.5重量%の酸化マグネシウムMgOと、
g)最大0.050重量%の鉛Pbと
を含み、前記使用は、
コンクリート及びセメントから選択される組成物の要素であって、該要素は、フィラー、バインダー、及びこれらの組み合わせである、前記要素、
外装石材として使用される黒色の硬い塊材であって、該黒色の硬い塊材中のスラグの少なくとも30%が結晶化しており、50~200mmの範囲の平均粒径を有する、前記黒色の硬い塊材、および
2900~4000kg/m3の範囲の密度を有する高密度の砂利
のうちの少なくとも1つから選択される、スラグの使用。 - 屋根瓦及び屋根板のうちの少なくとも1つの被覆及び/又はコーティングを提供するための、請求項1に記載のスラグの使用。
- 前記スラグが発泡タイルとして使用される、前記組成物の要素としての請求項1又は請求項2に記載のスラグの使用。
- 前記スラグが黒色顔料として使用される、前記組成物の要素としての請求項1から請求項3までのいずれか1項に記載のスラグの使用。
- 前記組成物の硬化速度の低下を避けるための、コンクリート及びセメントから選択される組成物の要素としての請求項1から請求項4までのいずれか1項に記載のスラグの使用。
- 前記スラグが、骨材のバインダーとして使用される、前記組成物の要素としての請求項1から請求項5までのいずれか1項に記載のスラグの使用。
- 前記スラグが、ポルトランドセメントの代用品として使用される、前記組成物の要素としての請求項1から請求項6までのいずれか1項に記載のスラグの使用。
- 無機高分子組成物中のバインダーとしての、請求項6または請求項7に記載のスラグの使用。
- 前記無機高分子組成物を発泡させる工程を含む、請求項8に記載のスラグの使用。
- 断熱性及び/又は遮音性を向上させるための、請求項9に記載のスラグの使用。
- 前記スラグが、れんが又は耐火れんがの焼成温度の低下、断熱性および/又は遮音性の向上、X線の遮蔽、及びこれらの組み合わせから選択される効果の向上のために使用される、前記組成物の要素としての請求項1から請求項10までのいずれか1項に記載のスラグの使用。
- 前記スラグが、酸化カルシウムCaO、酸化アルミニウムAl2O3、水酸化カルシウムCa(OH)2、炭酸カルシウムCaCO3、硫酸カルシウムCaSO4から選択される少なくとも1つの別の酸化物又はその前駆物質と組み合わされて採用される、前記組成物の要素としての請求項1から請求項11までのいずれか一項に記載のスラグの使用。
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP15248015 | 2015-04-03 | ||
EP15248015.8 | 2015-04-03 | ||
PCT/EP2016/056916 WO2016156394A1 (en) | 2015-04-03 | 2016-03-30 | Improved slag from non-ferrous metal production |
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US10759697B1 (en) | 2019-06-11 | 2020-09-01 | MSB Global, Inc. | Curable formulations for structural and non-structural applications |
EP4062117B1 (en) | 2019-11-22 | 2023-12-06 | Aurubis Beerse | Improved plasma induced fuming furnace |
MX2022005341A (es) | 2019-11-22 | 2022-05-26 | Aurubis Beerse | Proceso mejorado de fundicion de cobre. |
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CN107849637A (zh) | 2018-03-27 |
JP2022008582A (ja) | 2022-01-13 |
RU2017135543A (ru) | 2019-04-08 |
MX2017012477A (es) | 2018-06-18 |
CA2981243A1 (en) | 2016-10-06 |
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CL2017002444A1 (es) | 2018-03-23 |
RS62000B1 (sr) | 2021-07-30 |
RU2020112963A (ru) | 2021-10-06 |
RU2719977C2 (ru) | 2020-04-23 |
EP3277852A1 (en) | 2018-02-07 |
US11685965B2 (en) | 2023-06-27 |
PL3277852T3 (pl) | 2021-10-18 |
KR20230163596A (ko) | 2023-11-30 |
BE1024028A1 (nl) | 2017-10-31 |
US20210222269A1 (en) | 2021-07-22 |
PT3277852T (pt) | 2021-06-21 |
KR20180015118A (ko) | 2018-02-12 |
KR102633480B1 (ko) | 2024-02-02 |
WO2016156394A1 (en) | 2016-10-06 |
ES2877505T3 (es) | 2021-11-17 |
JP7137467B2 (ja) | 2022-09-14 |
US20180057911A1 (en) | 2018-03-01 |
CN113149474A (zh) | 2021-07-23 |
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