JP7080489B2 - 超パラレルdna配列決定装置 - Google Patents
超パラレルdna配列決定装置 Download PDFInfo
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- G01N27/3275—Sensing specific biomolecules, e.g. nucleic acid strands, based on an electrode surface reaction
- G01N27/3278—Sensing specific biomolecules, e.g. nucleic acid strands, based on an electrode surface reaction involving nanosized elements, e.g. nanogaps or nanoparticles
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- C12Q1/68—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions involving nucleic acids
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Description
本出願は、“MASSIVELY PARALLEL DNA SEQUENCING APPARATUS COMPRISING STRONGLY ADHERED CONDUCTOR NANOTIPS AND NANOPILLARS, METHOD OF FABRICATION, AND APPLICATIONS THEREOF”と題する2016年1月28日に出願された米国仮特許出願番号第62/288,364号に基づく優先権を主張しており、その開示は参考として本明細書中に援用される。
本開示は、概して、ナノテクノロジー、ナノ製作、およびナノエレクトロニクスに関し、より具体的には、DNAとタンパク質とを含む、個々の生物分子の電子感知と分析とのためのシステム、デバイス、ならびにプロセスに関する。
DNAの発見以来、構造的な化学的塩基の配列を実際に実験的に測定する手段を開発するための一致団結した努力が存在してきた。DNAを体系的に配列決定する最初の方法は、1978年にSangerによって導入された。
本開示の側面は、ナノ電極システムのための組成物と製造手段とを提供し、電子的DNA配列決定システムにおいて使用可能である。そのようなナノ電極システムはまた、ナノ電極が、生物分子感知標的と相互作用するために官能化される方法に応じて、タンパク質等、他のタイプの生物分子の分析において使用されてもよい。概して、本明細書に開示されるナノ電極システムは、そのような生物分子分析のためのシステムの一部であってもよく、ナノ電極システムは、生物分子に結合され、生物分子標的を感知および特性評価するための具体的な用途、特に、ゲノム全体を構成するDNA分子またはそのような分子の集合の配列決定の用途を有する、分子電子センサを構成する。
本明細書における例示的実施形態の詳細な説明は、添付図面を参照するが、これは、例証としての例示的実施形態とそれらのベストモードを図示するものである。これらの例示的実施形態は、当業者が本発明を実践することを可能にするために十分に詳細に説明されるが、他の実施形態も実現され得、かつ本発明の精神および範囲から逸脱することなく、論理的、化学的、機械的な変更が成され得ることを理解されたい。したがって、本明細書における詳細な説明は、例証の目的のためにのみ提示され、限定するためではない。例えば、他に注記されない限り、方法またはプロセス説明のいずれか内で列挙されるステップは、任意の順序で実行されてもよく、必ずしも提示される方法に限定されない。さらに、1つの実施形態の参照は、複数の実施形態を含み、1つを上回る成分またはステップの任意の参照は、1つの実施形態またはステップを含み得る。また、「付着される」、「固定される」、「接続される」、または同等物の言及は、恒久的、除去可能な、一時的、部分的、完全な、および/または他の任意の付属選択肢を含み得る。加えて、「接点のない(または類似語句)」という任意の言及はまた、低減された接点または最小限の接点も含み得る。
Claims (25)
- DNAまたはゲノム配列決定構造であって、
(a)第1の金属で構成される電極対であって、各電極は、先端形状端部を有し、前記電極は、相互に対向する前記先端形状端部によって画定されるナノギャップによって分離される、電極対と、
(b)各電極の各先端形状端部またはその近傍に配置される、各電極上の第2の金属の少なくとも1つの導電島の堆積物と、
(c)2つの端部を有する生物分子であって、各端部は、1つの生物分子が前記ナノギャップに橋架するように、各電極上の少なくとも1つの導電島に付着される、生物分子と、
を備え、ヌクレオチドの前記生物分子との相互作用は、蛍光発光要素を使用することなく、DNAまたはゲノム配列決定の電子監視を提供し、
前記第1の金属が、前記生物分子に結合する傾向がなく、前記第2の金属が、前記生物分子に結合する傾向がある、構造。 - 前記電極対は、プラチナ(Pt)、パラジウム(Pd)、ロジウム(Rh)、またはチタン(Ti)を含む、請求項1に記載の構造。
- 前記少なくとも1つの導電島は、金(Au)を含む、請求項1に記載の構造。
- 前記少なくとも1つの導電島は、各電極の各先端形状端部またはその近傍での金(Au)の電着によって獲得される、金(Au)系ナノ先端を含む、請求項3に記載の構造。
- 前記少なくとも1つの導電島は、各電極の各先端形状端部またはその近傍での金(Au)の電着と、その後の電着後焼鈍によって、獲得される、金(Au)系ナノ先端を含む、請求項4に記載の構造。
- 前記少なくとも1つの導電島は、柱状物の形状にあり、前記柱状物は、電着プロセスを通して各電極上で成長される、請求項3に記載の構造。
- 前記柱状物は、直径20nm未満、高さ25nm未満の寸法をとる、請求項6に記載の構造。
- 前記柱状物は、直径7nm未満、高さ10nm未満の寸法をとる、請求項6に記載の構造物。
- 前記少なくとも1つの導電島は、電着された、または無電解堆積された金属を含み、20nm未満の露出寸法を有する、ナノ先端形状またはナノ柱状形状の導電島を形成する、請求項1に記載の構造。
- 前記ナノ先端またはナノ柱状物は、分枝状または多孔性の表面を含み、各電極上での電着または無電解堆積後の前記ナノ先端またはナノ柱状構造と比較し、前記ナノ先端またはナノ柱状の露出面の表面積を少なくとも10%増加するように、少なくとも30%の多孔性を有する、請求項9に記載の構造。
- 本構造は、三次元アレイを形成するように、電極対の複数の層を含む、請求項1に記載の構造。
- 前記電極対は、各対の1つの電極が、共通のリード線によってともに一団化され、かつ各対内の他方の電極のそれぞれが、相互に未接続で置かれるように、相互に接続され、各電極対の独立的かつ連続的な照会を可能にする、請求項11に記載の構造。
- 前記生物分子の各端部は、抗体-抗原結合またはストレプトアビジン-ビオチン結合を通して、少なくとも1つの導電島に付着される、請求項1に記載の構造。
- 前記生物分子の各端部は、チオール-金(Au)結合または金結合タンパク質を通して、少なくとも1つの導電島に付着される、請求項3に記載の構造。
- ゲノムまたはDNA配列決定システムであって、
(a)請求項1に記載の前記DNAまたはゲノム配列決定構造と、
(b)前記構造を封入し、かつ生物分子、ヌクレオチド、PBS、または水溶液を電極対に供給するために使用可能なマイクロ流体サブシステムを画定する、チャンバと、
を含む、システム。 - ゲノムまたはDNA配列決定デバイスを作成するための方法であって、前記方法は、
(a)基質上に第1の金属で構成される電極対のアレイを配置するステップであって、所与の電極対内の各電極は、先端形状端部を有し、各対内の前記電極は、相互に対向する先端形状端部によって画定されるナノギャップによって分離される、ステップと、
(b)前記電極対に電圧を印加することによって、金(Au)を含む第2の金属を前記電極の各先端またはその近傍において電着させるステップであって、各電極の各先端またはその近傍の高電流密度は、前記電極の各先端またはその近傍への金(Au)の優先電着を指向し、各電極上に金(Au)ナノ先端を形成する、ステップと、
(c)1つの生物分子が、各電極対内の各ナノギャップに橋架するように、2つの端部を有する生物分子の各端部を、金(Au)ナノ先端に付着させるステップと、
を含み、前記第1の金属が、前記生物分子に結合する傾向がなく、前記第2の金属が、前記生物分子に結合する傾向がある、方法。 - 前記電極対は、プラチナ(Pt)、パラジウム(Pd)、またはロジウム(Rh)を含む、請求項16に記載の方法。
- 前記基質は、SiO2絶縁物表面を伴うシリコン(Si)を含む、請求項16に記載の方法。
- さらに、金(Au)と前記電極との付加的拡散接合を誘発するために、ステップ(b)の後、約200~約800°Cにおいて、電極対の前記アレイを熱処理するステップを含む、請求項16に記載の方法。
- さらに、前記電極の前記先端形状端部以外の場所における、所望されない逸脱金(Au)堆積を被覆するために、ステップ(c)に先立って、電極対の前記アレイにわたり、不動態化層をパターニングするステップを含む、請求項16に記載の方法。
- ゲノムまたはDNA配列決定デバイスを作成するための方法であって、前記方法は、
(a)基質上に第1の金属で構成される電極対のアレイを配置するステップであって、所与の電極の対内の各電極は、端部を有し、各対内の電極は、相互に対向する前記電極の前記端部によって画定されるナノギャップによって分離される、ステップと、
(b)前記電極にわたりマスクレジスト層を配置するステップと、
(c)電極毎に1つの開口部である、開口部を形成するためにマスクレジスト層をナノパターンニングするステップであって、各開口部は、各ナノギャップまたはその近傍にある、ステップと、
(d)金(au)ナノ柱状物を形成するための各開口部を通して、各電極上に金(Au)を含む第2の金属を電着させるステップと、
(e)1つの生物分子が、各電極対内の各ナノギャップに橋架するように、2つの端部を有する生物分子の各端部を、金(Au)ナノ柱状物に付着させるステップと、
を含み、前記第1の金属が、前記生物分子に結合する傾向がなく、前記第2の金属が、前記生物分子に結合する傾向がある、方法。 - 前記電極対は、プラチナ(Pt)、またはパラジウム(Pd)を含む、請求項21に記載の方法。
- 前記基質は、SiO2絶縁物表面を伴うシリコン(Si)を含む、請求項21に記載の方法。
- 前記レジスト層は、PMMAまたは水素シルセスキオキサン(HSQ)を含む、請求項21に記載の方法。
- 前記金(Au)ナノ柱状物は、金(Au)の電着によって充填される各開口部を伴う各開口部内で成長する、請求項21に記載の方法。
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