JP7027629B2 - リチウム二次電池用非水電解液及びこれを含むリチウム二次電池 - Google Patents
リチウム二次電池用非水電解液及びこれを含むリチウム二次電池 Download PDFInfo
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- JP7027629B2 JP7027629B2 JP2020502321A JP2020502321A JP7027629B2 JP 7027629 B2 JP7027629 B2 JP 7027629B2 JP 2020502321 A JP2020502321 A JP 2020502321A JP 2020502321 A JP2020502321 A JP 2020502321A JP 7027629 B2 JP7027629 B2 JP 7027629B2
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- secondary battery
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- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 100
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 99
- 239000011255 nonaqueous electrolyte Substances 0.000 title claims description 31
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 69
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 68
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 claims description 55
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene carbonate Chemical group O=C1OCCO1 KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 30
- UHOPWFKONJYLCF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-sulfanylethyl)isoindole-1,3-dione Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)N(CCS)C(=O)C2=C1 UHOPWFKONJYLCF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000003660 carbonate based solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000003125 aqueous solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910003002 lithium salt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 159000000002 lithium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 10
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- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
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- 125000002883 imidazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
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- 229910000314 transition metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- OQYOVYWFXHQYOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3,2-dioxathiane 2,2-dioxide Chemical compound O=S1(=O)OCCCO1 OQYOVYWFXHQYOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- NJLLQSBAHIKGKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipotassium dioxido(oxo)titanium Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-][Ti]([O-])=O NJLLQSBAHIKGKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- QTHKJEYUQSLYTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Co]=O.[Ni].[Li] Chemical compound [Co]=O.[Ni].[Li] QTHKJEYUQSLYTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RLTFLELMPUMVEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Li+].[O--].[O--].[O--].[V+5] Chemical compound [Li+].[O--].[O--].[O--].[V+5] RLTFLELMPUMVEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XHCLAFWTIXFWPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[V+5].[V+5] Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[V+5].[V+5] XHCLAFWTIXFWPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KXKVLQRXCPHEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid trimethyl ester Natural products COC(C)=O KXKVLQRXCPHEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BTGRAWJCKBQKAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N adiponitrile Chemical compound N#CCCCCC#N BTGRAWJCKBQKAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000005910 alkyl carbonate group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- NDPGDHBNXZOBJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum lithium cobalt(2+) nickel(2+) oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [Li+].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[Al+3].[Co++].[Ni++] NDPGDHBNXZOBJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052785 arsenic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052790 beryllium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910021475 bohrium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019437 butane-1,3-diol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- IAQRGUVFOMOMEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N butene Natural products CC=CC IAQRGUVFOMOMEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KVNRLNFWIYMESJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyronitrile Chemical compound CCCC#N KVNRLNFWIYMESJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052792 caesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011329 calcined coke Substances 0.000 description 1
- CREMABGTGYGIQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon carbon Chemical compound C.C CREMABGTGYGIQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011203 carbon fibre reinforced carbon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052800 carbon group element Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003776 cleavage reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CKFRRHLHAJZIIN-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt lithium Chemical compound [Li].[Co] CKFRRHLHAJZIIN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005536 corrosion prevention Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- VBWIZSYFQSOUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexanecarbonitrile Chemical compound N#CC1CCCCC1 VBWIZSYFQSOUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SVPZJHKVRMRREG-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclopentanecarbonitrile Chemical compound N#CC1CCCC1 SVPZJHKVRMRREG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 210000001787 dendrite Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001993 dienes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- OKVJWADVFPXWQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N difluoroborinic acid Chemical compound OB(F)F OKVJWADVFPXWQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VUPKGFBOKBGHFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipropyl carbonate Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)OCCC VUPKGFBOKBGHFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010494 dissociation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005593 dissociations Effects 0.000 description 1
- AFOSIXZFDONLBT-UHFFFAOYSA-N divinyl sulfone Chemical compound C=CS(=O)(=O)C=C AFOSIXZFDONLBT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007772 electrode material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229940093499 ethyl acetate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- QKBJDEGZZJWPJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl propyl carbonate Chemical compound [CH2]COC(=O)OCCC QKBJDEGZZJWPJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052730 francium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052733 gallium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PVADDRMAFCOOPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N germanium monoxide Inorganic materials [Ge]=O PVADDRMAFCOOPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052735 hafnium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910021473 hassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SDAXRHHPNYTELL-UHFFFAOYSA-N heptanenitrile Chemical compound CCCCCCC#N SDAXRHHPNYTELL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001519 homopolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002354 inductively-coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002687 intercalation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052741 iridium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000625 lithium cobalt oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910002102 lithium manganese oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FRMOHNDAXZZWQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium manganese(2+) nickel(2+) oxygen(2-) Chemical class [O-2].[Mn+2].[Ni+2].[Li+] FRMOHNDAXZZWQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RSNHXDVSISOZOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium nickel Chemical compound [Li].[Ni] RSNHXDVSISOZOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000686 lithium vanadium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- IGILRSKEFZLPKG-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium;difluorophosphinate Chemical compound [Li+].[O-]P(F)(F)=O IGILRSKEFZLPKG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- BFZPBUKRYWOWDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;oxido(oxo)cobalt Chemical compound [Li+].[O-][Co]=O BFZPBUKRYWOWDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VLXXBCXTUVRROQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;oxido-oxo-(oxomanganiooxy)manganese Chemical compound [Li+].[O-][Mn](=O)O[Mn]=O VLXXBCXTUVRROQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006051 mesophase pitch carbide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 229940017219 methyl propionate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- KKQAVHGECIBFRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl propyl carbonate Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)OC KKQAVHGECIBFRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YKYONYBAUNKHLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Propyl acetate Natural products CCCOC(C)=O YKYONYBAUNKHLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052762 osmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000003431 oxalo group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- MHYFEEDKONKGEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxathiane 2,2-dioxide Chemical compound O=S1(=O)CCCCO1 MHYFEEDKONKGEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004430 oxygen atom Chemical group O* 0.000 description 1
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002161 passivation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052699 polonium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002952 polymeric resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- FVSKHRXBFJPNKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N propionitrile Chemical compound CCC#N FVSKHRXBFJPNKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940090181 propyl acetate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229920001384 propylene homopolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- HNJBEVLQSNELDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrrolidin-2-one Chemical compound O=C1CCCN1 HNJBEVLQSNELDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052702 rhenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052701 rubidium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910021481 rutherfordium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052706 scandium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007017 scission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910021477 seaborgium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052711 selenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021384 soft carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- IAHFWCOBPZCAEA-UHFFFAOYSA-N succinonitrile Chemical compound N#CCCC#N IAHFWCOBPZCAEA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003457 sulfones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052713 technetium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052714 tellurium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VOVUARRWDCVURC-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiirane Chemical compound C1CS1 VOVUARRWDCVURC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- FVCJARXRCUNQQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylsilyl dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)OP(O)(O)=O FVCJARXRCUNQQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZMQDTYVODWKHNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl) phosphate Chemical compound FC(F)(F)COP(=O)(OCC(F)(F)F)OCC(F)(F)F ZMQDTYVODWKHNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CBIQXUBDNNXYJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl) phosphite Chemical compound FC(F)(F)COP(OCC(F)(F)F)OCC(F)(F)F CBIQXUBDNNXYJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NQPDZGIKBAWPEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N valeric acid Chemical compound CCCCC(O)=O NQPDZGIKBAWPEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001935 vanadium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000013585 weight reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Images
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- C07D233/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazole or hydrogenated 1,3-diazole rings, not condensed with other rings
- C07D233/54—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazole or hydrogenated 1,3-diazole rings, not condensed with other rings having two double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D233/56—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazole or hydrogenated 1,3-diazole rings, not condensed with other rings having two double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with only hydrogen atoms or radicals containing only hydrogen and carbon atoms, attached to ring carbon atoms
- C07D233/58—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazole or hydrogenated 1,3-diazole rings, not condensed with other rings having two double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with only hydrogen atoms or radicals containing only hydrogen and carbon atoms, attached to ring carbon atoms with only hydrogen atoms or radicals containing only hydrogen and carbon atoms, attached to ring nitrogen atoms
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D233/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazole or hydrogenated 1,3-diazole rings, not condensed with other rings
- C07D233/54—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazole or hydrogenated 1,3-diazole rings, not condensed with other rings having two double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D233/56—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazole or hydrogenated 1,3-diazole rings, not condensed with other rings having two double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with only hydrogen atoms or radicals containing only hydrogen and carbon atoms, attached to ring carbon atoms
- C07D233/60—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazole or hydrogenated 1,3-diazole rings, not condensed with other rings having two double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with only hydrogen atoms or radicals containing only hydrogen and carbon atoms, attached to ring carbon atoms with hydrocarbon radicals, substituted by oxygen or sulfur atoms, attached to ring nitrogen atoms
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
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- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
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- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
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- H01M10/056—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes
- H01M10/0564—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes the electrolyte being constituted of organic materials only
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- H01M10/0564—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes the electrolyte being constituted of organic materials only
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Description
本出願は、2017年11月22日付韓国特許出願第2017-0156345号及び2018年11月22日付韓国特許出願第2018-0145685号に基づいた優先権の利益を主張し、当該韓国特許出願の文献に開示されている全ての内容は本明細書の一部として含まれる。
リチウム塩、
カーボネート系溶媒及びプロピルプロピオネートを含む非水系溶媒、及び
下記化学式1で表される化合物を含む二次電池用非水電解液を提供する。
R1及びR2は、それぞれ独立して水素、又は置換された若しくは非置換の炭素数1から6のアルキル基である。
先ず、本発明によるリチウム二次電池用非水電解液に対して説明する。
本発明のリチウム二次電池用非水電解液は、
リチウム塩、
カーボネート系溶媒及びプロピルプロピオネートを含む非水系溶媒、及び
下記化学式1で表される化合物を含む。
R1及びR2は、それぞれ独立して水素、又は置換された若しくは非置換の炭素数1から6のアルキル基である。
先ず、本発明の一実施形態によるリチウム二次電池用電解質において、前記リチウム塩は、リチウム二次電池用電解質に通常用いられるものが制限なく用いられてよく、例えば、陽イオンとしてLi+を含み、陰イオンとしては、F-、Cl-、Br-、I-、NO3 -、N(CN)2 -、PF6 -、BF4 -、ClO4 -、AlO4 -、AlCl4 -、SbF6 -、AsF6 -、B10Cl10 -、BF2C2O4 -、BC4O8 -、PF4C2O4 -、PF2C4O8 -、(CF3)2PF4 -、(CF3)3PF3 -、(CF3)4PF2 -、(CF3)5PF-、(CF3)6P-、CF3SO3 -、C4F9SO3 -、CF3CF2SO3 -、(CF3SO2)2N-、(FSO2)2N-、CF3CF2(CF3)2CO-、(CF3SO2)2CH-、CH3SO3 -、CF3(CF2)7SO3 -、CF3CO2 -、CH3CO2 -、SCN-及び(CF3CF2SO2)2N-でなる群から選択された少なくとも何れか一つが挙げられる。具体的には、前記リチウム塩は、LiCl、LiBr、LiClO4、LiPF6、LiBF4、LiB10Cl10、LiCF3CO2、LiCH3SO3、LiAlCl4及びLiAlO4でなる群から選択された単一物又は2種以上の混合物を含んでよい。
一方、前記非水系溶媒は、カーボネート系溶媒とプロピルプロピオネートを含んでよい。
一方、本発明の電解質は、下記化学式1で表される化合物を含む。
R1及びR2は、それぞれ独立して水素、又は置換された若しくは非置換の炭素数1から6のアルキル基である。
一方、本発明のリチウム二次電池用電解質は、低温高率放電特性、高温安定性、過充電防止、高温保存時の膨潤改善の効果等をさらに向上させるため、必要に応じて電極の表面により安定したイオン伝導性被膜を形成できる付加的な添加剤をさらに含んでよい。
また、本発明では、前記本発明のリチウム二次電池用非水電解液を含むリチウム二次電池を提供する。
先ず、前記正極は、正極集電体上に正極合剤層を形成して製造してよい。前記正極合剤層は、正極活物質、バインダー、導電材及び溶媒等を含む正極スラリーを正極集電体上にコーティングした後、乾燥及び圧延して形成してよい。
一方、前記負極は、負極集電体上に負極合剤層を形成して製造してよい。前記負極合剤層は、負極集電体上に負極活物質、バインダー、導電材及び溶媒等を含む負極スラリーをコーティングした後、乾燥及び圧延して形成してよい。
また、前記分離膜は、両電極の内部短絡を遮断し電解質を含浸する役割を担うものであって、高分子樹脂、充填剤及び溶媒を混合して分離膜組成物を製造した後、前記分離膜組成物を電極の上部に直接コーティング及び乾燥して分離膜フィルムを形成するか、前記分離膜組成物を支持体上にキャスティング及び乾燥した後、前記支持体から剥離された分離膜フィルムを電極の上部にラミネーションして形成してよい。
(非水電解液の製造)
1.2M LiPF6が溶解された非水系有機溶媒(エチレンカーボネート(EC)及びプロピルプロピオネート(PP)=30:70体積比)98gに、添加剤である前記化学式1aで表される化合物2gを添加し、本発明の非水電解液を製造した。
正極活物質粒子としてリチウムコバルト複合酸化物(LiCoO2)、導電材としてカーボンブラック、及びバインダーとしてポリビニリデンフルオリド(PVDF)を、90:5:5の重量比で溶剤であるN-メチル-2-ピロリドン(NMP)に添加し、正極活物質スラリー(固形分含量45重量%)を製造した。前記正極活物質スラリーを厚さが100μmである正極集電体(Al薄膜)に塗布し、乾燥してロールプレス(roll press)を実施し正極を製造した。
非水電解液の製造時に、添加剤として、前記化学式1aの化合物の代わりに化学式1bの化合物を含むことを除いては、前記実施例1と同様の方法で二次電池用非水電解液及びこれを含むリチウム二次電池を製造した。
非水電解液の製造時に、添加剤として、前記化学式1aの化合物の代わりに化学式1cの化合物を含むことを除いては、前記実施例1と同様の方法で二次電池用非水電解液及びこれを含むリチウム二次電池を製造した。
非水電解液の製造時に、1.2M LiPF6が溶解された非水系有機溶媒(エチレンカーボネート(EC)及びプロピルプロピオネート(PP)=30:70体積比)99.9gに、前記化学式1aの化合物を0.1g含むことを除いては、前記実施例1と同様の方法で二次電池用非水電解液及びこれを含むリチウム二次電池を製造した。
非水電解液の製造時に、1.2M LiPF6が溶解された非水系有機溶媒(エチレンカーボネート(EC)及びプロピルプロピオネート(PP)=30:70体積比)90gに、前記化学式1aの化合物を10g含むことを除いては、前記実施例1と同様の方法で二次電池用非水電解液及びこれを含むリチウム二次電池を製造した。
非水電解液の製造時に、1.2M LiPF6が溶解された非水系有機溶媒(エチレンカーボネート(EC)及びプロピルプロピオネート(PP)=30:70体積比)99.99gに、前記化学式1bの化合物を0.01g含むことを除いては、前記実施例1と同様の方法で二次電池用非水電解液及びこれを含むリチウム二次電池を製造した。
非水電解液の製造時に、1.2M LiPF6が溶解された非水系有機溶媒(EC:プロピレンカーボネート(PC):PP=20:10:70体積比)93gに、化学式1bの化合物を7g含むことを除いては、前記実施例1と同様の方法で二次電池用非水電解液及びこれを含むリチウム二次電池を製造した。
非水電解液の製造時に、1.2M LiPF6が溶解された非水系有機溶媒(EC:PP=20:80体積比)93gに、化学式1aの化合物を7g含むことを除いては、前記実施例1と同様の方法で二次電池用非水電解液及びこれを含むリチウム二次電池を製造した。
非水電解液の製造時に、1.2M LiPF6が溶解された非水系有機溶媒(EC:PP=40:60体積比)93gに、化学式1aの化合物を7g含むことを除いては、前記実施例1と同様の方法で二次電池用非水電解液及びこれを含むリチウム二次電池を製造した。
非水電解液の製造時に、1.2M LiPF6が溶解された非水系有機溶媒(エチレンカーボネート(EC)及びプロピルプロピオネート(PP)=30:70体積比)87gに、前記化学式1aの化合物を13g含むことを除いては、前記実施例1と同様の方法で二次電池用非水電解液及びこれを含むリチウム二次電池を製造した。
非水電解液の製造時に、1.2M LiPF6が溶解された非水系有機溶媒(EC:PC:PP=20:10:70体積比)99.991gに、前記化学式1aで表される化合物0.009gを含むことを除いては、前記実施例1と同様の方法で二次電池用非水電解液及びこれを含むリチウム二次電池を製造した。
非水電解液の製造時に、添加剤として前記化学式1aの化合物を添加しないことを除いては、前記実施例1と同様の方法で二次電池用非水電解液及びこれを含むリチウム二次電池を製造した。
非水電解液の製造時に、添加剤として、化学式1aの化合物の代わりに下記化学式2の化合物を添加することを除いては、前記実施例1と同様の方法で二次電池用非水電解液及びこれを含むリチウム二次電池を製造した。
非水電解液の製造時に、添加剤として、化学式1aの化合物の代わりに下記化学式3の化合物を添加することを除いては、前記実施例1と同様の方法で二次電池用非水電解液及びこれを含むリチウム二次電池を製造した。
非水電解液の製造時に、1.2M LiPF6が溶解された非水系有機溶媒(EC:EMC=30:70体積比)98gに、化学式1aの化合物2gを添加することを除いては、前記実施例1と同様の方法で二次電池用非水電解液及びこれを含むリチウム二次電池を製造した。
実験例1:サイクル寿命特性の評価
前記実施例1から実施例11で製造されたリチウム二次電池と、比較例1から比較例4で製造されたリチウム二次電池とを、それぞれ45℃で1.0C/4.45V定電流/定電圧(CC/CV)条件で4.45V 112mAまで充電し、1.0Cで3.0Vまで放電させた。
式(1):容量維持率(%)=(200回サイクル後の容量/1回サイクル後の容量)×100
前記実施例1から実施例11で製造されたリチウム二次電池と、比較例1から比較例4で製造されたリチウム二次電池とを、それぞれ0.7Cレート(rate)で4.45Vまで定電流/定電圧条件充電及び0.05Cカットオフ(cut off)充電を実施し、0.5C 3.0Vで放電した。初期容量を確認した後、0.7Cレート(rate)で4.45Vまで定電流/定電圧条件充電及び0.05Cカットオフ(cut off)充電を実施し、0.5Cレート(rate)で3V放電した。
また、電池の抵抗増加率(%)は、下記式(3)を用いて計算した。
式(2):厚さ増加率(%)={(高温保存後の厚さ-初期厚さ)/初期厚さ}×100
式(3):抵抗増加率(%)={(高温保存後の抵抗/初期抵抗)×100}-100
実施例1、4、5、10及び11の二次電池と、比較例1から3の二次電池とを、それぞれ25℃で0.33C/4.25Vの定電流/定電圧(CC/CV)条件で4.2V/38mAまで1Cで充電した後、SOC 50%で定電流(CC)条件で2.5Vまで3Cで10秒間放電した。
Claims (9)
- 前記非水系溶媒は、前記カーボネート系溶媒とプロピルプロピオネートを2:8から4:6の重量比で含むものである、請求項1に記載のリチウム二次電池用非水電解液。
- 前記カーボネート系溶媒はエチレンカーボネートである、請求項1又は2に記載のリチウム二次電池用非水電解液。
- 前記非水系溶媒は、エチルプロピオネートをさらに含むものである、請求項1から3の何れか一項に記載のリチウム二次電池用非水電解液。
- 前記化学式1で表される化合物は、前記化学式1b及び化学式1cで表される化合物でなる群から選択されるものである、請求項5に記載のリチウム二次電池用非水電解液。
- 前記化学式1で表される化合物は、非水電解液の全重量を基準に0.01重量%から11.5重量%で含まれる、請求項1から6の何れか一項に記載のリチウム二次電池用非水電解液。
- 前記化学式1で表される化合物は、非水電解液の全重量を基準に0.1重量%から10重量%で含まれる、請求項1から6の何れか一項に記載のリチウム二次電池用非水電解液。
- 請求項1から8の何れか一項に記載のリチウム二次電池用非水電解液を含むリチウム二次電池。
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CN110998956A (zh) | 2020-04-10 |
ES2945471T3 (es) | 2023-07-03 |
KR102167592B1 (ko) | 2020-10-19 |
US11431028B2 (en) | 2022-08-30 |
HUE062081T2 (hu) | 2023-09-28 |
CN110998956B (zh) | 2021-12-10 |
JP2020528640A (ja) | 2020-09-24 |
US20220376303A1 (en) | 2022-11-24 |
PL3648232T3 (pl) | 2023-06-12 |
KR20190059256A (ko) | 2019-05-30 |
EP3648232B1 (en) | 2023-04-12 |
EP3648232A4 (en) | 2020-08-12 |
US20200251777A1 (en) | 2020-08-06 |
EP3648232A1 (en) | 2020-05-06 |
US11799133B2 (en) | 2023-10-24 |
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