JP6644794B2 - リン酸塩処理性及びスポット溶接性に優れた亜鉛合金めっき鋼板及びその製造方法 - Google Patents
リン酸塩処理性及びスポット溶接性に優れた亜鉛合金めっき鋼板及びその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 122
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims description 122
- 229910001297 Zn alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 70
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 14
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims description 123
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 claims description 91
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 47
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 45
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 41
- 229910000765 intermetallic Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 33
- 229910018134 Al-Mg Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 27
- 229910018467 Al—Mg Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 27
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 26
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910017706 MgZn Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000005496 eutectics Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910001335 Galvanized steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000008397 galvanized steel Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009832 plasma treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910007570 Zn-Al Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000013532 laser treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 54
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 50
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 24
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 17
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 17
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 12
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 11
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 9
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 238000001878 scanning electron micrograph Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910003023 Mg-Al Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 5
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 5
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 5
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000002149 energy-dispersive X-ray emission spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000000445 field-emission scanning electron microscopy Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010306 acid treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010960 cold rolled steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005237 degreasing agent Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000013527 degreasing agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010191 image analysis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010587 phase diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000003751 zinc Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- LRXTYHSAJDENHV-UHFFFAOYSA-H zinc phosphate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[Zn+2].[Zn+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O LRXTYHSAJDENHV-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 2
- 229910000165 zinc phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000012935 Averaging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910017813 Cu—Cr Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000905 alloy phase Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005238 degreasing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002542 deteriorative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008520 organization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010731 rolling oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010301 surface-oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004506 ultrasonic cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
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Description
(1)亜鉛合金めっき層の表面部の微細組織としてZn−Al−Mg系金属間化合物を多量確保するとリン酸塩処理性が向上する。
(2)一方、Zn−Al−Mg系金属間化合物は、融点が低いためスポット溶接性を阻害する。
(3)スポット溶接性を向上させるためには、亜鉛合金めっき層の微細組織として融点の高い組織を多量確保する必要があり、そのためには、Zn単相組織を多量確保することが好ましい。
(4)上記(1)及び(3)を両立させるために、亜鉛合金めっき層の断面部の微細組織(断面組織)としてZn単相組織を多量確保し、且つ亜鉛合金めっき層の表層部の微細組織(表面組織)としてZn−Al−Mg系金属間化合物を多量確保することで、リン酸塩処理性及びスポット溶接性にともに優れた亜鉛合金めっき鋼板を提供することができる。
めっき用試験片として厚さ0.8mm、幅100mm、及び長さ200mmの低炭素冷延鋼板(すなわち、素地鋼板)を設けた後、上記素地鋼板をアセトンに浸漬して超音波洗浄し、表面に存在する圧延油などの異物を除去した。次に、めっき用試験片の表面をプラズマ処理して中心線平均粗さ(Ra)を1.0〜1.1μmの範囲で制御した。その後、一般の溶融めっきの環境で鋼板の機械的特性を確保するために、750℃で還元雰囲気熱処理を行った後、下記表1の組成を有するめっき浴に浸漬して亜鉛合金めっき鋼板を製造した。この際、すべての実施例において、めっき浴の温度は450℃、めっき浴に浸漬される素地鋼板の表面温度は460℃となるように一定に設定した。続いて、製造されたそれぞれの亜鉛合金めっき鋼板を窒素(N2)ガスにより50℃でガスワイピングして、めっき付着量を片面当たり70g/m2に調節し、下記表1の条件で冷却を行った。
まず、リン酸塩処理に先立って、製造されたそれぞれの亜鉛合金めっき鋼板を脱脂処理した。この際、脱脂剤としてはアルカリ脱脂剤を使用し、水溶液(3重量%)に入れて45℃で120秒間脱脂処理した。次に、水洗し、表面調整した後、40℃に加熱したリン酸塩処理液に120秒間浸漬して、リン酸亜鉛系皮膜を形成した。その後、形成されたリン酸亜鉛系皮膜に対する結晶サイズ及び皮膜の均一性を評価した。リン酸塩の結晶サイズは、SEM(Scanning Electronic Microscope)を用いて表面を倍率1,000倍で観察し、視野内でサイズが大きい5つの結晶サイズを平均化して、これを5視野で行い、平均化して結晶サイズとした。
先端径6mmのCu−Cr電極を用いて溶接電流7kAを流し、加圧力2.1kNで11 Cycles(ここで、1 Cycleとは1/60秒のことである、下同)の通電時間、及び11 Cyclesの保持時間(Holding Time)の条件で溶接を連続して行った。鋼板の厚さをtとすると、ナゲットの直径が4√tよりも小さくなる打点を基準に、その直前までの打点数を連続打点数とした。ここで、連続打点数が大きいほど、スポット溶接性に優れる。
下記表3には、上記実施例1による亜鉛合金めっき鋼板のZn単相組織に含有された各合金元素の含有量及び耐食性評価の結果が示されている。
Claims (22)
- 素地鋼板及び亜鉛合金めっき層を含む亜鉛合金めっき鋼板であって、
前記亜鉛合金めっき層は、重量%で、Al:0.8〜2.8%、Mg:0.5〜2.8%、残部Zn及び不可避不純物からなり、
前記亜鉛合金めっき層の断面組織は、面積率で、Zn単相組織を50%超過(100%を除く)、及びZn−Al−Mg系金属間化合物を50%未満(0%を除く)含み、
前記亜鉛合金めっき層の表面組織は、面積率で、Zn単相組織を40%以下(0%を除く)、及びZn−Al−Mg系金属間化合物を60%以上(100%を除く)含む、亜鉛合金めっき鋼板。 - 前記亜鉛合金めっき層は、重量%で、Al:0.8〜2.0%、Mg:0.8〜2.0%、残部Zn及び不可避不純物からなる、請求項1に記載の亜鉛合金めっき鋼板。
- 前記断面組織内のZn単相組織の面積率をa、前記表面組織内のZn単相組織の面積率をbとすると、前記aに対するbの比(b/a)は0.8以下である、請求項1に記載の亜鉛合金めっき鋼板。
- 前記Zn−Al−Mg系金属間化合物は、Zn/Al/MgZn2の三元共晶組織、Zn/MgZn2の二元共晶組織、Zn−Alの二元共晶組織及びMgZn2の単相組織からなる群より選択された1種以上である、請求項1に記載の亜鉛合金めっき鋼板。
- 前記Zn−Al−Mg系金属間化合物は、Zn/Al/MgZn2の三元共晶組織、Zn/MgZn2の二元共晶組織、Zn−Alの二元共晶組織及びMgZn2の単相組織からなる群より選択された1種以上である、請求項1に記載の亜鉛合金めっき鋼板。
- 前記Zn単相組織はAlを0.8重量%以上含む、請求項1に記載の亜鉛合金めっき鋼板。
- 前記亜鉛合金めっき層に含有されたAl含有量をc、前記Zn単相組織に含有されたAl含有量をdとすると、前記cに対するdの比(d/c)は0.6以上である、請求項1に記載の亜鉛合金めっき鋼板。
- 前記Zn単相組織はFeを1重量%以上含む、請求項1に記載の亜鉛合金めっき鋼板。
- 前記Zn単相組織に含有されたAl及びFeの含有量の合計は8重量%以下である、請求項1に記載の亜鉛合金めっき鋼板。
- 前記Zn単相組織はMgを0.1重量%以下(0重量%を含む)含む、請求項1に記載の亜鉛合金めっき鋼板。
- 重量%で、Al:0.8〜2.8%、Mg:0.5〜2.8%、残部Zn及び不可避不純物からなる亜鉛合金めっき浴を設ける段階と、
前記亜鉛合金めっき浴に素地鋼板を浸漬し、めっきを行って、亜鉛合金めっき鋼板を得る段階と、
前記亜鉛合金めっき鋼板をガスワイピングする段階と、
前記ガスワイピング後に、前記亜鉛合金めっき鋼板を5℃/sec以下(0℃/secを除く)の1次冷却速度で380℃超過420℃以下の1次冷却終了温度まで1次冷却する段階と、
前記1次冷却後に、前記亜鉛合金めっき鋼板を前記1次冷却終了温度で1秒以上恒温保持する段階と、
前記恒温保持後に、亜鉛合金めっき鋼板を10℃/sec以上の2次冷却速度で320℃以下の二次冷却終了温度まで2次冷却する段階と、を含む、亜鉛合金めっき鋼板の製造方法。 - 亜鉛合金めっき浴に素地鋼板を浸漬する前に、前記素地鋼板の表面を活性化する段階をさらに含む、請求項11に記載の亜鉛合金めっき鋼板の製造方法。
- 前記素地鋼板の表面活性化は、プラズマ処理またはエキシマレーザー処理によって行われる、請求項12に記載の亜鉛合金めっき鋼板の製造方法。
- 前記表面活性化した素地鋼板の中心線平均粗さ(Ra)は0.8〜1.2μmである、請求項12に記載の亜鉛合金めっき鋼板の製造方法。
- 前記亜鉛合金めっき浴の温度は440〜460℃である、請求項11に記載の亜鉛合金めっき鋼板の製造方法。
- 亜鉛合金めっき浴に浸漬される素地鋼板の表面温度は、前記亜鉛合金めっき浴の温度よりも5〜20℃高い、請求項11に記載の亜鉛合金めっき鋼板の製造方法。
- 前記亜鉛合金めっき浴は、重量%で、Al:0.8〜2.0%、Mg:0.8〜2.0%、残部Zn及び不可避不純物からなる、請求項11に記載の亜鉛合金めっき鋼板の製造方法。
- 前記ガスワイピングの際に、ワイピングガスの温度は30℃以上である、請求項11に記載の亜鉛合金めっき鋼板の製造方法。
- 前記1次冷却速度は3℃/sec以下(0℃/secを除く)である、請求項11に記載の亜鉛合金めっき鋼板の製造方法。
- 前記1次冷却終了温度は400℃以上410℃以下である、請求項11に記載の亜鉛合金めっき鋼板の製造方法。
- 前記恒温保持の際に、前記1次冷却終了温度で10秒以上恒温保持する、請求項11に記載の亜鉛合金めっき鋼板の製造方法。
- 前記2次冷却速度は20℃/sec以上である、請求項11に記載の亜鉛合金めっき鋼板の製造方法。
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