JP6348848B2 - 間葉系幹細胞の増殖 - Google Patents
間葉系幹細胞の増殖 Download PDFInfo
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Description
(a)本明細書に記載の方法に従って間葉系幹細胞を培養して、培養間葉系幹細胞の集団を生成する工程と、
(b)培養間葉系幹細胞の集団を、分化剤と接触させることによって、対象への移植にとって有用な細胞を生成する工程と
を含む、方法が提供される。
(a)本明細書に記載の方法に従って間葉系幹細胞を増殖させる工程と、
(b)間葉系幹細胞を、分化剤と接触させることによって、移植にとって有用な細胞を生成する工程と
を含む、方法が提供される。
(a)ニコチンアミドを含む培地中で混合細胞集団を培養する工程と、
(b)混合細胞集団から細胞表面分子の発現に基づいて細胞を選択することによって、混合細胞集団からMSCを選択する工程と
を含む、方法が提供される。
VCAM1明るい細胞;
VCAM1中程度の細胞;
VCAM1薄暗い細胞;
STRO−1明るい細胞;
STRO−1中程度の細胞;
STRO−1薄暗い細胞;
CD105明るい細胞;
CD105中程度の細胞;
CD105薄暗い細胞。
それは、レシピエント成体組織系の再構成に必要とされる血液または他の組織の量を軽減する。
方法および実験手順
間葉系幹細胞の単離:骨髄由来および脂肪組織由来間葉細胞を、0.05mg/mlのゲンタマイシン(Sigma)および2mMのL−グルタミン(Biological Industries、Israel)を添加した高グルコースDMEMおよび10%ウシ胎仔血清(FBS、Hyclone、Logan、UT、USA)を含有する増殖培地中でのそのプラスチック接着能力に基づいて単離した。細胞を3〜4日間接着させ、非接着細胞を培地交換を用いて洗浄除去した。さらに、培地を3〜4日毎に新鮮な培地と交換した。
成長因子の存在下で培養した間葉系幹細胞に関するニコチンアミドの分析
材料および方法
間葉系幹細胞を、3回または4回の継代にわたって、ニコチンアミドの存在下および非存在下で特定の成長因子(塩基性線維芽細胞成長因子−bFGF、ヘパリン結合上皮成長因子−HB−EGF、線維芽細胞成長因子4−FGF4および血小板由来成長因子、ホモ二量体、サブユニットB、PDGF−BB)の存在下で選択および培養し、細胞の数およびサイズを算出した。
群1:Ctrl
群2:10ng/mlの成長因子
群3:50ng/mlの成長因子
群4:5mMのNAM
群5:5mMのNAM+10ng/mlの成長因子
群6:5mMのNAM+50ng/mlの成長因子。
図1は、塩基性FGFが間葉系幹細胞の増殖を増加させるニコチンアミドの能力に対する負の効果を有することを示す。
骨髄由来間葉系幹細胞培養物に対するニコチンアミドの効果
本発明者らは、ニコチンアミドが骨髄由来MSCの播種効率(選択)を増加させることを示した。ニコチンアミド中での1回の継代後のこれらの細胞の表現型キャラクタライゼーションを、図11および図13に示す。図15、図17A〜B、図22および図26は、骨髄由来MSCの増殖速度に対するニコチンアミドの効果を示す。低濃度のニコチンアミド(例えば、0.1mM)は、骨髄由来MSCの増殖速度に対する有意でない効果を有していた(図面は示さない)。図20A〜Cおよび図21A〜Bは、ニコチンアミドの存在下で増殖させた間葉系幹細胞が、同一の条件下でニコチンアミドの非存在下で増殖させた間葉系幹細胞よりも小さく、粒度が低いことを示す。
ニコチンアミドは培養された脂肪組織由来間葉細胞の増殖を増加させる
脂肪組織由来MSCの表現型キャラクタライゼーションを、図12に示す。図14および図16に示されるように、ニコチンアミドは培養物中での脂肪由来間葉系幹細胞増殖を実質的に改善した。
ニコチンアミドは培養間葉細胞の組織ホーミングを増加させる
培養間葉細胞のホーミングに対するニコチンアミドの効果を評価するために、NOD/SCIDマウスに、非培養間葉細胞、またはサイトカインと共に培養した3週間後のその全子孫を、ニコチンアミドと共に、またはそれなしに移植する。移植前に、細胞をCFSEで標識する。移植の24時間後、レシピエントマウスのマウス骨髄にホーミングした全CFSE標識細胞およびCFSE標識間葉細胞を、FACSにより定量する。
ニコチンアミドはケモカイン受容体および接着分子の機能を増加させる
細胞のホーミングおよび生着のニコチンアミド媒介性増強における接着分子および関連分子の役割を決定するために、in vitroでの移動および接着分子の機能に対するニコチンアミドの効果を試験することができる。
ニコチンアミドは培養細胞のSCID再増殖能力を増加させる
ニコチンアミド処理を、NOD/SCIDマウスでの再増殖により移植細胞のホーミングおよび生着を増強する能力について試験する。再増殖能を評価するために、NOD/SCIDマウスに、間葉細胞が準最適の移植となり、かつ、サイトカインによる3週間の増殖後に少数のマウスまたはその子孫において間葉細胞が生着しないことを意図した用量範囲にわたって、非培養間葉細胞を移植する(n=12)。ヒト細胞の生着を、移植4週間後に評価する。レシピエント骨髄細胞の0.5%がヒトCD45抗原(CD45+)を発現した場合、マウスを生着陽性として評価する。培養物中のニコチンアミドの存在が所定の用量範囲でマウス中の間葉細胞の優れた、明確な生着をもたらすが、未処理の細胞が生着できないか、またはあまり生着しない場合においては、移植された間葉細胞の生着およびホーミングの増強にニコチンアミドが有効であると結論付けることができる。
間葉系幹細胞に対するニコチンアミドの効果に関するさらなる分析
材料および方法
間葉系幹細胞を、上記のようにプラスチック接着方法を用いて単離し、ウシ胎仔血清、±NAMと共に数回の継代にわたって培養した。細胞を、NAMの存在下で選択した。
図18では、細胞計数に対するニコチンアミドの効果が大きいバッチの間葉系幹細胞に関して明らかであり、大規模商業バッチのMSCを少ない継代で製造することができることを示す。これにより、短い培養時間およびニコチンアミドによる幹細胞特性の保存のおかげで、治療的細胞のより良好な品質が確保される。
培養間葉系幹細胞における成長因子の発現に対する、ニコチンアミドとFGF4との組合せの効果
ニコチンアミドとFGF4との存在下での間葉系幹細胞の培養は、未分化状態に細胞を維持しながら、間葉系幹細胞の増殖能力を相乗的に増加させる(図3A〜D、図4A〜4B、図5A〜5Dおよび図27を参照されたい)。これらの培養物中で増殖させたMSCをさらに特性解析するために、培養培地中へのサイトカインの分泌をELISAにより測定した。
培養物中の脂肪由来間葉系幹細胞に対するニコチンアミドとFGF4との組合せの効果
追加のFGF4を含む、または含まないニコチンアミドと共に培養された脂肪由来間葉系幹細胞における増殖および細胞サイズ分布を、最大4回の継代の培養物中で評価した。
造血幹細胞分化に対するニコチンアミドとFGF4の効果
間葉系幹細胞に対するニコチンアミドとFGF4との組合せの効果が特異的な、または一般化された現象であるか否かを決定するために、造血幹細胞をFGF4およびニコチンアミドと共に、およびそれらなしに培養し、成分の亜集団の分化の程度を細胞表面マーカーにより評価した。
臍帯血由来CD133+造血幹細胞を単離し、初期作用成長因子およびウシ胎仔血清、ニコチンアミドおよび/またはFGF4を添加した培地中で3週間培養した。培養物中で3週間後、細胞を表面マーカー(CD38、CD133、CD19)について染色し、FACS分析により細胞集団を決定した。3週間での全細胞を計数することにより、細胞増殖を評価した。
FGF4は培養物中の造血幹細胞の分化に影響しない:
2.5または5mMのニコチンアミドの存在下で3週間、造血初期前駆細胞(CD133+)を培養した場合、分化した細胞の割合は有意に低下し、幹細胞および前駆細胞画分の増加が明確に観察される(図35、カラム1、2および3を参照されたい)。他方、10〜200ng/mlのFGF4への細胞の曝露は、CD38およびCD133を発現する細胞の画分により示されるように、3週間の培養で分化の程度に対するいかなる効果もない(図35および図36、カラム1および4〜6を参照されたい)。ニコチンアミドを用いるか、または用いないFGF4の添加も、培養物中の全細胞増殖に対するいかなる認識できる効果もなかった(結果は示さない)。
コミットした造血幹細胞が培養中のFGF4への曝露により影響されたかどうかを決定するために、それぞれ、分化し、コミットした骨髄系列およびリンパ系細胞を表す、CD33およびCD19を発現する細胞の存在量を、3週間の培養において測定した。ニコチンアミドはコミットした細胞画分を一貫して減少させたが(図37および図38、レーン1〜3および7〜12を参照されたい)、FGF4のみ、またはニコチンアミドと組み合わせたFGF4の添加は、コミットした骨髄細胞またはリンパ系細胞の存在量に対するいかなる効果もなかった(図37および図38、レーン1、4〜6および7〜12を参照されたい)。
間葉系幹細胞の選択および増殖のための、ニコチンアミド±FGF4の組み合わせた使用、次いで、VCAM1/CD106、CD105またはSTRO−1を用いる選択
材料および方法
単離:骨髄由来および脂肪組織由来間葉細胞を、高グルコースDMEMおよび10%ウシ胎仔血清(FBS、Hyclone、Logan、UT、USA)、0.05mg/mlのゲンタマイシン(Sigma)および2mMのL−グルタミン(Biological Industries、Israel)を含有する増殖培地中でのそのプラスチック接着能力に基づいて単離する。細胞を、ニコチンアミド±FGF4の存在下で3〜4日間接着させ、非接着細胞を培地交換すると共に洗浄除去した。
間葉系幹細胞の選択のためのVCAM1/CD106、CD105またはSTRO−1を用いる選択の前のニコチンアミド±FGF4の組み合わせた使用
材料および方法
骨髄由来および脂肪組織由来MSCの選択:骨髄由来および脂肪組織由来間葉細胞を、直接または間接コンジュゲート化マウス抗ヒト抗体(Miltenyi Biotec)および磁気細胞選別(MACS)を用いたCD105、CD106またはSTRO−1発現により選択する。選択された細胞を、高グルコースDMEMおよび10%ウシ胎仔血清(FBS、Hyclone、Logan、UT、USA)、0.05mg/mlのゲンタマイシン(Sigma)および2mMのL−グルタミン(Biological Industries、Israel)を含有する増殖培地中に6x103個の細胞/cm2の濃度で播種する。細胞を3〜4日間接着させ、非接着細胞を培地交換すると共に洗浄除去した。
Claims (12)
- 1〜20mMのニコチンアミドと10〜100ng/mlの線維芽細胞成長因子4(FGF4)とを含む培地中で、未分化の間葉系幹細胞(MSC)を含むMSCの集団を培養することによって、増殖された未分化のMSCの集団を生成する工程を含み、
前記培地は追加で添加された塩基性線維芽細胞成長因子(bFGF)、血小板由来成長因子(PDGF)、および内皮成長因子(EGF)を含まない、未分化のMSCを増殖させる方法。 - 前記培地のカルシウム濃度が1.8mMより高い、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記培養が、少なくとも1週間行われる、および/または少なくとも3回の継代にわたって行われる、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記未分化のMCSには、ニコチンアミドとFGF4とを含む前記培地中で前記培養を行う前に、ニコチンアミドを含まない培地中で培養された間葉系幹細胞の播種された集団が存在する、請求項1に記載の方法。
- ニコチンアミドおよびFGF4を含む前記培地中での前記培養が、少なくとも1週間行われる、請求項4に記載の方法。
- ニコチンアミドを含まない前記培地中での前記培養が、少なくとも1日間行われる、請求項4または5に記載の方法。
- ニコチンアミドおよびFGF4を含む前記培地中、またはニコチンアミドを含まない前記培地中での前記培養が、カルシウムを含む培地中で行われ、前記カルシウムの濃度が1.8mMより高い、請求項1〜6のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 分化したMSCを生成する方法であって、
(a)請求項1〜7のいずれか一項に記載の方法に従って間葉系幹細胞を増殖させて、未分化の間葉系幹細胞の増殖された集団を生成する工程と、
(b)未分化間葉系幹細胞の前記増殖された集団を、分化剤と接触させることによって、分化したMSCの増殖された集団を生成する工程と
を含む、方法。 - 請求項1〜7のいずれか一項に記載の方法に従って生成される間葉系幹細胞の単離された増幅された集団であって、
(a)前記単離された増幅された間葉系幹細胞は、同一の条件下であるが、ニコチンアミドの非存在下で生成される間葉系幹細胞よりも粒度が低い、および
(b)前記単離された増幅された間葉系幹細胞は、下記の条件(i)〜(iii)の少なくとも1種によって特徴付けられる:
(i)少なくとも40%の細胞がVCAM1/CD106を発現する、
(ii)少なくとも90%の細胞が20μm未満の直径を有する、または
(iii)30%未満の細胞がCD45を発現し、95%を超える細胞がCD90を発現し、90%を超える細胞がCD105およびCD44を発現する。 - 実質的に均一である、請求項9に記載の間葉系幹細胞の単離された増幅された集団。
- 移植を必要とする対象への移植用の、移植可能な増幅されたMSC集団の製造のための、請求項9または10に記載の単離された増殖細胞集団の使用。
- 移植を必要とする前記対象は、骨または軟骨の疾患、神経変性疾患、心疾患、肝疾患、がん、神経損傷、自己免疫疾患、GvHD、創傷治癒および組織再生からなる群から選択される疾患または障害を患っている、請求項11の使用。
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IL234095A0 (en) | 2014-09-30 |
CN104204193B (zh) | 2016-10-26 |
SG11201404608WA (en) | 2014-09-26 |
WO2013121427A1 (en) | 2013-08-22 |
JP2015507921A (ja) | 2015-03-16 |
WO2013121426A1 (en) | 2013-08-22 |
US10047345B2 (en) | 2018-08-14 |
IN2014MN01680A (ja) | 2015-07-03 |
US20150064273A1 (en) | 2015-03-05 |
HK1202581A1 (en) | 2015-10-02 |
US20150004146A1 (en) | 2015-01-01 |
AU2013219945A1 (en) | 2014-08-28 |
CN104204193A (zh) | 2014-12-10 |
BR112014020119A2 (pt) | 2020-10-27 |
IL234095B (en) | 2018-06-28 |
AU2013219945B2 (en) | 2017-12-07 |
HK1199905A1 (en) | 2015-07-24 |
EP2814951A1 (en) | 2014-12-24 |
EP2814951B1 (en) | 2019-04-03 |
CN104204192A (zh) | 2014-12-10 |
CA2863795A1 (en) | 2013-08-22 |
JP2018064572A (ja) | 2018-04-26 |
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