JP6313781B2 - 合わせガラス用中間膜及び合わせガラス - Google Patents
合わせガラス用中間膜及び合わせガラス Download PDFInfo
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- JP6313781B2 JP6313781B2 JP2015547187A JP2015547187A JP6313781B2 JP 6313781 B2 JP6313781 B2 JP 6313781B2 JP 2015547187 A JP2015547187 A JP 2015547187A JP 2015547187 A JP2015547187 A JP 2015547187A JP 6313781 B2 JP6313781 B2 JP 6313781B2
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- laminated glass
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- interlayer film
- glass
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- 125000003354 benzotriazolyl group Chemical group N1N=NC2=C1C=CC=C2* 0.000 description 9
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- IEQIEDJGQAUEQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phthalocyanine Chemical class N1C(N=C2C3=CC=CC=C3C(N=C3C4=CC=CC=C4C(=N4)N3)=N2)=C(C=CC=C2)C2=C1N=C1C2=CC=CC=C2C4=N1 IEQIEDJGQAUEQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
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- AMIMRNSIRUDHCM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropylaldehyde Chemical compound CC(C)C=O AMIMRNSIRUDHCM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
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- 150000001299 aldehydes Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- OCWYEMOEOGEQAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N bumetrizole Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=CC(C)=CC(N2N=C3C=C(Cl)C=CC3=N2)=C1O OCWYEMOEOGEQAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
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- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 5
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- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical group [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- JEYLQCXBYFQJRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2-[2-(2-ethylbutanoyloxy)ethoxy]ethoxy]ethyl 2-ethylbutanoate Chemical compound CCC(CC)C(=O)OCCOCCOCCOC(=O)C(CC)CC JEYLQCXBYFQJRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical group [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 125000002777 acetyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)=O 0.000 description 4
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- IHTSDBYPAZEUOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(2-butoxyethyl) hexanedioate Chemical group CCCCOCCOC(=O)CCCCC(=O)OCCOCCCC IHTSDBYPAZEUOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000005400 gorilla glass Substances 0.000 description 4
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
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- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011342 resin composition Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 4
- JYEUMXHLPRZUAT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,3-triazine Chemical group C1=CN=NN=C1 JYEUMXHLPRZUAT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920002799 BoPET Polymers 0.000 description 3
- FERIUCNNQQJTOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butyric acid Chemical compound CCCC(O)=O FERIUCNNQQJTOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- IYXGSMUGOJNHAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl malonate Chemical group CCOC(=O)CC(=O)OCC IYXGSMUGOJNHAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- JKIJEFPNVSHHEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol, 2,4-bis(1,1-dimethylethyl)-, phosphite (3:1) Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=CC=C1OP(OC=1C(=CC(=CC=1)C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)OC1=CC=C(C(C)(C)C)C=C1C(C)(C)C JKIJEFPNVSHHEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- IKHGUXGNUITLKF-XPULMUKRSA-N acetaldehyde Chemical compound [14CH]([14CH3])=O IKHGUXGNUITLKF-XPULMUKRSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzoic acid Chemical group OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- RWCCWEUUXYIKHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzophenone Chemical group C=1C=CC=CC=1C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 RWCCWEUUXYIKHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- BXKDSDJJOVIHMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N edrophonium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CC[N+](C)(C)C1=CC=CC(O)=C1 BXKDSDJJOVIHMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000004049 embossing Methods 0.000 description 3
- LKKPNUDVOYAOBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalocyanine Chemical class N1C(N=C2C3=CC4=CC=CC=C4C=C3C(N=C3C4=CC5=CC=CC=C5C=C4C(=N4)N3)=N2)=C(C=C2C(C=CC=C2)=C2)C2=C1N=C1C2=CC3=CC=CC=C3C=C2C4=N1 LKKPNUDVOYAOBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000000962 organic group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 239000002530 phenolic antioxidant Substances 0.000 description 3
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- CXMXRPHRNRROMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N sebacic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O CXMXRPHRNRROMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin dioxide Chemical compound O=[Sn]=O XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910001887 tin oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- OXQGTIUCKGYOAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Ethylbutanoic acid Chemical compound CCC(CC)C(O)=O OXQGTIUCKGYOAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YJGHMLJGPSVSLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2-(2-octanoyloxyethoxy)ethoxy]ethyl octanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCC(=O)OCCOCCOCCOC(=O)CCCCCCC YJGHMLJGPSVSLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PQJZHMCWDKOPQG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-anilino-2-oxoacetic acid Chemical group OC(=O)C(=O)NC1=CC=CC=C1 PQJZHMCWDKOPQG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004925 Acrylic resin Substances 0.000 description 2
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- NLZUEZXRPGMBCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butylhydroxytoluene Chemical compound CC1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=C1 NLZUEZXRPGMBCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PYGXAGIECVVIOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dibutyl decanedioate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)CCCCCCCCC(=O)OCCCC PYGXAGIECVVIOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UWHCKJMYHZGTIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetraethylene glycol, Natural products OCCOCCOCCOCCO UWHCKJMYHZGTIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000001241 acetals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-L adipate(2-) Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)CCCCC([O-])=O WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N adipic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCC(O)=O WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
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- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 2
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- HUMNYLRZRPPJDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzaldehyde Chemical compound O=CC1=CC=CC=C1 HUMNYLRZRPPJDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
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- FKRCODPIKNYEAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl propionate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)CC FKRCODPIKNYEAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- JARKCYVAAOWBJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexanal Chemical compound CCCCCC=O JARKCYVAAOWBJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- BDJRBEYXGGNYIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonanedioic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCCCCC(O)=O BDJRBEYXGGNYIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
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- SCVFZCLFOSHCOH-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium acetate Chemical compound [K+].CC([O-])=O SCVFZCLFOSHCOH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
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- 229910052701 rubidium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
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- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 2
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HVLLSGMXQDNUAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenyl phosphite Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1OP(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 HVLLSGMXQDNUAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KJYSXRBJOSZLEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2,4-ditert-butylphenyl) 3,5-ditert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzoate Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=CC=C1OC(=O)C1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=C1 KJYSXRBJOSZLEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QFMZQPDHXULLKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-bis(diphenylphosphino)ethane Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)CCP(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 QFMZQPDHXULLKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KZVBBTZJMSWGTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-[2-(2-butoxyethoxy)ethoxy]butane Chemical compound CCCCOCCOCCOCCCC KZVBBTZJMSWGTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KNQFGKYCUMPAHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-[3-(benzotriazol-2-yl)-5-pentylphenyl]pentan-2-ol Chemical compound CCCCCC1=CC(CC(O)CCC)=CC(N2N=C3C=CC=CC3=N2)=C1 KNQFGKYCUMPAHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DLZBUNUDESZERL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-o-heptyl 6-o-nonyl hexanedioate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCOC(=O)CCCCC(=O)OCCCCCCC DLZBUNUDESZERL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XCTNDJAFNBCVOM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1h-imidazo[4,5-b]pyridin-2-ylmethanamine Chemical compound C1=CC=C2NC(CN)=NC2=N1 XCTNDJAFNBCVOM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BVUXDWXKPROUDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-ethylphenol Chemical compound CCC1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=C1 BVUXDWXKPROUDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CKQNDABUGIXFCL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-octanoyloxyethoxy)ethyl octanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCC(=O)OCCOCCOC(=O)CCCCCCC CKQNDABUGIXFCL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LHPPDQUVECZQSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(benzotriazol-2-yl)-4,6-ditert-butylphenol Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=CC(N2N=C3C=CC=CC3=N2)=C1O LHPPDQUVECZQSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UNNGUFMVYQJGTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Ethylbutanal Chemical compound CCC(CC)C=O UNNGUFMVYQJGTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GCDUWJFWXVRGSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2-(2-heptanoyloxyethoxy)ethoxy]ethyl heptanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCC(=O)OCCOCCOCCOC(=O)CCCCCC GCDUWJFWXVRGSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LCZVSXRMYJUNFX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2-(2-hydroxypropoxy)propoxy]propan-1-ol Chemical compound CC(O)COC(C)COC(C)CO LCZVSXRMYJUNFX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SSKNCQWPZQCABD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2-[2-(2-heptanoyloxyethoxy)ethoxy]ethoxy]ethyl heptanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCC(=O)OCCOCCOCCOCCOC(=O)CCCCCC SSKNCQWPZQCABD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QSRJVOOOWGXUDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2-[2-[3-(3-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy-5-methylphenyl)propanoyloxy]ethoxy]ethoxy]ethyl 3-(3-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy-5-methylphenyl)propanoate Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=C(O)C(C)=CC(CCC(=O)OCCOCCOCCOC(=O)CCC=2C=C(C(O)=C(C)C=2)C(C)(C)C)=C1 QSRJVOOOWGXUDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VWSWIUTWLQJWQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-butyl-6-[(3-butyl-2-hydroxy-5-methylphenyl)methyl]-4-methylphenol Chemical compound CCCCC1=CC(C)=CC(CC=2C(=C(CCCC)C=C(C)C=2)O)=C1O VWSWIUTWLQJWQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WJQOZHYUIDYNHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-tert-Butylphenol Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=CC=CC=C1O WJQOZHYUIDYNHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Images
Classifications
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- B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
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- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/1055—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer
- B32B17/10761—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer containing vinyl acetal
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- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
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- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
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Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Joining Of Glass To Other Materials (AREA)
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- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
Description
上記第1の層は、熱可塑性樹脂(以下、熱可塑性樹脂(1)と記載することがある)を含む。上記第1の層は、熱可塑性樹脂(1)として、ポリビニルアセタール樹脂(以下、ポリビニルアセタール樹脂(1)と記載することがある)を含むことが好ましい。上記第2の層は、熱可塑性樹脂(以下、熱可塑性樹脂(2)と記載することがある)を含むことが好ましく、熱可塑性樹脂(2)として、ポリビニルアセタール樹脂(以下、ポリビニルアセタール樹脂(2)と記載することがある)を含むことが好ましい。上記第3の層は、熱可塑性樹脂(以下、熱可塑性樹脂(3)と記載することがある)を含むことが好ましく、熱可塑性樹脂(3)として、ポリビニルアセタール樹脂(以下、ポリビニルアセタール樹脂(3)と記載することがある)を含むことが好ましい。上記熱可塑性樹脂(1)と上記熱可塑性樹脂(2)と上記熱可塑性樹脂(3)とは、同一であってもよく、異なっていてもよいが、遮音性がより一層高くなることから、上記熱可塑性樹脂(1)は、上記熱可塑性樹脂(2)及び上記熱可塑性樹脂(3)と異なっていることが好ましい。上記ポリビニルアセタール樹脂(1)と上記ポリビニルアセタール樹脂(2)と上記ポリビニルアセタール樹脂(3)とは、同一であってもよく、異なっていてもよいが、遮音性がより一層高くなることから、上記ポリビニルアセタール樹脂(1)は、上記ポリビニルアセタール樹脂(2)及び上記ポリビニルアセタール樹脂(3)と異なっていることが好ましい。上記熱可塑性樹脂(1)、上記熱可塑性樹脂(2)及び上記熱可塑性樹脂(3)はそれぞれ、1種のみが用いられてもよく、2種以上が併用されてもよい。上記ポリビニルアセタール樹脂(1)、上記ポリビニルアセタール樹脂(2)及び上記ポリビニルアセタール樹脂(3)はそれぞれ、1種のみが用いられてもよく、2種以上が併用されてもよい。
上記第1の層(単層の中間膜を含む)は、可塑剤(以下、可塑剤(1)と記載することがある)を含むことが好ましい。上記第2の層は、可塑剤(以下、可塑剤(2)と記載することがある)を含むことが好ましい。上記第3の層は、可塑剤(以下、可塑剤(3)と記載することがある)を含むことが好ましい。可塑剤の使用により、またポリビニルアセタール樹脂と可塑剤との併用により、ポリビニルアセタール樹脂と可塑剤とを含む層の合わせガラス部材又は他の層に対する接着力が適度に高くなる。上記可塑剤は特に限定されない。上記可塑剤(1)と上記可塑剤(2)と上記可塑剤(3)とは同一であってもよく、異なっていてもよい。上記可塑剤(1)、上記可塑剤(2)及び上記可塑剤(3)はそれぞれ、1種のみが用いられてもよく、2種以上が併用されてもよい。
上記第1の層はシリカ粒子を含むことが好ましい。シリカ粒子の使用により、遮音性を低下させず、曲げ剛性がより一層高くなり、更に各層間接着力も高くなる。上記シリカ粒子は、1種のみが用いられてもよく、2種以上が併用されてもよい。
上記中間膜は、遮熱性化合物を含むことが好ましい。上記第1の層は、遮熱性化合物を含むことが好ましい。上記第2の層は、遮熱性化合物を含むことが好ましい。上記第3の層は、遮熱性化合物を含むことが好ましい。上記遮熱性化合物は、1種のみが用いられてもよく、2種以上が併用されてもよい。
上記中間膜は、フタロシアニン化合物、ナフタロシアニン化合物及びアントラシアニン化合物の内の少なくとも1種の成分Xを含むことが好ましい。上記第1の層は、上記成分Xを含むことが好ましい。上記第2の層は、上記成分Xを含むことが好ましい。上記第3の層は、上記成分Xを含むことが好ましい。上記成分Xは遮熱性化合物である。上記成分Xは、1種のみが用いられてもよく、2種以上が併用されてもよい。
上記中間膜は、遮熱粒子を含むことが好ましい。上記第1の層は、上記遮熱粒子を含むことが好ましい。上記第2の層は、上記遮熱粒子を含むことが好ましい。上記第3の層は、上記遮熱粒子を含むことが好ましい。上記遮熱粒子は遮熱性化合物である。遮熱粒子の使用により、赤外線(熱線)を効果的に遮断できる。上記遮熱粒子は、1種のみが用いられてもよく、2種以上が併用されてもよい。
上記中間膜は、アルカリ金属塩及びアルカリ土類金属塩の内の少なくとも1種の金属塩(以下、金属塩Mと記載することがある)を含むことが好ましい。上記第1の層は、上記金属塩Mを含むことが好ましい。上記第2の層は、上記金属塩Mを含むことが好ましい。上記第3の層は、上記金属塩Mを含むことが好ましい。上記金属塩Mの使用により、中間膜と合わせガラス部材との接着性又は中間膜における各層間の接着性を制御することが容易になる。上記金属塩Mは、1種のみが用いられてもよく、2種以上が併用されてもよい。
上記中間膜は、紫外線遮蔽剤を含むことが好ましい。上記第1の層は、紫外線遮蔽剤を含むことが好ましい。上記第2の層は、紫外線遮蔽剤を含むことが好ましい。上記第3の層は、紫外線遮蔽剤を含むことが好ましい。紫外線遮蔽剤の使用により、中間膜及び合わせガラスが長期間使用されても、可視光線透過率がより一層低下し難くなる。上記紫外線遮蔽剤は、1種のみが用いられてもよく、2種以上が併用されてもよい。
上記中間膜は、酸化防止剤を含むことが好ましい。上記第1の層は、酸化防止剤を含むことが好ましい。上記第2の層は、酸化防止剤を含むことが好ましい。上記第3の層は、酸化防止剤を含むことが好ましい。上記酸化防止剤は、1種のみが用いられてもよく、2種以上が併用されてもよい。
上記第1の層、上記第2の層及び上記第3の層はそれぞれ、必要に応じて、ケイ素、アルミニウム又はチタンを含むカップリング剤、分散剤、界面活性剤、難燃剤、帯電防止剤、顔料、染料、接着力調整剤、耐湿剤、蛍光増白剤及び赤外線吸収剤等の添加剤を含んでいてもよい。これらの添加剤は、1種のみが用いられてもよく、2種以上が併用されてもよい。
合わせガラスの曲げ剛性を高める観点から、中間膜の25℃での等価剛性は2.4MPa以上である。合わせガラスの曲げ剛性をより一層高める観点からは、中間膜の25℃での等価剛性は好ましくは3MPa以上、より好ましくは4MPa以上、更に好ましくは5MPa以上、特に好ましくは9MPa以上である。中間膜の25℃での等価剛性は好ましくは30MPa以下、より好ましくは20MPa以下である。
図3は、図1に示す合わせガラス用中間膜を用いた合わせガラスの一例を模式的に示す断面図である。
下記の表1〜4に示すポリビニルアセタール樹脂を適宜用いた。用いたポリビニルアセタール樹脂では全て、アセタール化に、炭素数4のn−ブチルアルデヒドが用いられている。
トリエチレングリコールジ−2−エチルヘキサノエート(3GO)
ジ−(2−ブトキシエチル)−アジペート(DBEA)
シリカ粒子(a)(日本アエロジル社製「AEROSIL380」、BET法による比表面積380±30m2/g)
シリカ粒子(b)(東ソー・シリカ社製「BZ−400」、BET法による比表面積450m2/g)
シリカ粒子(c)(東ソー・シリカ社製「AZ−204」、BET法による比表面積300m2/g)
シリカ粒子(d)(東ソー・シリカ社製「AZ−201」、BET法による比表面積300m2/g)
Tinuvin326(2−(2’−ヒドロキシ−3’−t−ブチル−5−メチルフェニル)−5−クロロベンゾトリアゾール、BASF社製「Tinuvin326」)
BHT(2,6−ジ−t−ブチル−p−クレゾール)
第1の層を形成するための組成物の作製:
下記の表1に示す種類のポリビニルアセタール樹脂100重量部と、可塑剤(3GO)60重量部と、シリカ粒子(a)20重量部と、紫外線遮蔽剤(Tinuvin326)0.2重量部と、酸化防止剤(BHT)0.2重量部とを混合し、第1の層を形成するための組成物を得た。
下記の表1に示す種類のポリビニルアセタール樹脂100重量部と、可塑剤(3GO)24重量部と、紫外線遮蔽剤(Tinuvin326)0.2重量部と、酸化防止剤(BHT)0.2重量部とを混合し、第2の層及び第3の層を形成するための組成物を得た。
第1の層を形成するための組成物と、第2の層及び第3の層を形成するための組成物とを、共押出機を用いて共押出しすることにより、第2の層(厚み340μm)/第1の層(厚み100μm)/第3の層(厚み340μm)の積層構造を有する中間膜(厚み780μm)を作製した。
洗浄及び乾燥した2つのガラス板(クリアフロートガラス、縦25cm×横10cm×厚み2.5mm)を用意した。この2つのガラス板の間に、得られた中間膜を挟み込み、積層体を得た。得られた積層体をゴムバック内に入れ、2660Pa(20torr)の真空度で20分間脱気した。その後、脱気したままで積層体をオートクレーブ中で更に90℃で30分間保持しつつ、真空プレスした。このようにして予備圧着された積層体を、オートクレーブ中で135℃、圧力1.2MPa(12kg/cm2)の条件で20分間圧着を行い、合わせガラスAを得た。
洗浄及び乾燥した1つのガラス板(クリアフロートガラス、縦25cm×横10cm×厚み2.5mm)を用意した。洗浄及び乾燥した1つのガラス板(ゴリラガラス2、縦25cm×横10cm×厚み0.7mm)を用意した。この2つのガラス板を用いたこと以外は合わせガラスAと同様にして、合わせガラスBを得た。
洗浄及び乾燥した2つのガラス板(ゴリラガラス2、縦25cm×横10cm×厚み0.7mm)を用意した。この2つのガラス板を用いたこと以外は合わせガラスAと同様にして、合わせガラスCを得た。
洗浄及び乾燥した1つのガラス板(クリアフロートガラス、縦25cm×横10cm×厚み1.8mm)を用意した。洗浄及び乾燥した1つのガラス板(クリアフロートガラス、縦25cm×横10cm×厚み1.0mm)を用意した。この2つのガラス板を用いたこと以外は合わせガラスAと同様にして、合わせガラスFを得た。
得られた中間膜を縦30cm×横2.5cmの大きさに切断した。次に、JIS R3208に準拠したグリーンガラス(縦30cm×横2.5cm×厚さ2mm)2枚の間に、中間膜を挟み込み、積層体を得た。この積層体をゴムバック内に入れ、2.6kPaの真空度で20分間脱気した後、脱気したままオーブン内に移し、更に90℃で30分間保持して真空プレスし、積層体を予備圧着した。オートクレーブ中で135℃及び圧力1.2MPaの条件で、予備圧着された積層体を20分間圧着し、合わせガラスDを得た。
得られた中間膜を、縦5cm×横5cmの大きさに切断した。次に、JIS R3208に準拠した2枚のグリーンガラス(縦5cm×横5cm×厚み2mm)を用意した。この2枚のグリーンガラスの間に、得られた中間膜を挟み込み、真空ラミネーターにて90℃で30分間保持し、真空プレスし、積層体を得た。積層体において、ガラス板からはみ出た中間膜部分を切り落とし、合わせガラスEを得た。
第1の層を形成するための組成物と第2の層及び第3の層を形成するための組成物とに用いるポリビニルアセタール樹脂、可塑剤及びシリカ粒子の種類と配合量とを下記の表1〜4に示すように設定したこと、並びに第1の層、第2の層及び第3の層の厚みを下記の表1〜4に示すように設定したこと以外は実施例1と同様にして、中間膜及び合わせガラスを得た。また、実施例2〜38及び比較例1〜3では、実施例1と同じ種類の紫外線遮蔽剤及び酸化防止剤を、実施例1と同様の配合量(ポリビニルアセタール樹脂100重量部に対して0.2重量部)で配合した。
(1)ガラス転移温度
得られた中間膜を、室温23±2℃、湿度25±5%の環境下に12時間保管した直後に、アイティー計測制御社製の粘弾性測定装置「DVA−200」を用いて、粘弾性を測定した。サンプルは縦幅8mm、横幅5mmで切り出し、せん断モードで5℃/分の昇温速度で−30℃から100℃まで温度を上昇させる条件、及び周波数1Hz及び歪0.08%の条件で測定を行った。得られた測定結果において、損失正接のピーク温度をガラス転移温度Tg(℃)とした。第1の層に由来するTgは、第2の層及び第3の層に由来するTgよりも低くなった。
第1の層を形成するための組成物を混合して150℃でプレス成型して、厚み800μmの成形体(第1の層)を得た。得られた成形体をダンベル社製のスーパーダンベルカッター:SDK−600で打ち抜いて、試験片を得た。得られた試験片を23℃及び湿度30%RHで12時間保管した。その後、25℃の恒温室でエー・アンド・デイ社製のテンシロンを用い、200mm/minで、試験片の引張試験を行った。得られた応力−歪み曲線の微小歪み領域における傾きを算出し、ヤング率とした。なお、23℃の環境下にて、中間膜から第2の層及び第3の層を剥離することで得られた第1の層を、厚みが800μmとなるように150℃でプレス成型(加圧しない状態で150℃10分間、加圧した状態で150℃10分間)した後、ダンベル社製のスーパーダンベルカッター:SDK−600で打ち抜いて、試験片を得てもよい。
歪み=(掴み具間距離の増加量/初期の標線間距離)×100
得られた合わせガラスA、合わせガラスB、合わせガラスC及び合わせガラスFを用意した。合わせガラスA、合わせガラスB、合わせガラスC及び合わせガラスFでは、以下のガラス板を用いている。
合わせガラスB:1つのガラス板(クリアフロートガラス、縦25cm×横10cm×厚み2.5mm)と1つのガラス板(ゴリラガラス2、縦25cm×横10cm×厚み0.7mm)
合わせガラスC:2つのガラス板(ゴリラガラス2、縦25cm×横10cm×厚み0.7mm)
合わせガラスF:1つのガラス板(クリアフロートガラス、縦25cm×横10cm×厚み1.8mm)と1つのガラス板(クリアフロートガラス、縦25cm×横10cm×厚み1.0mm)
合わせガラスDをダンピング試験用の振動発生機(振研社製「加振機G21−005D」)により加振し、そこから得られた振動特性を機械インピーダンス測定装置(リオン社製「XG−81」)にて増幅し、振動スペクトルをFFTスペクトラムアナライザー(横河ヒューレッドパッカード社製「FFTアナライザー HP3582A」)により解析した。
○:TL値が35dB以上
×:TL値が35dB未満
分光光度計(日立ハイテク社製「U−4100」)を用いて、JIS R3211(1998)に準拠して、得られた合わせガラスEの波長380〜780nmにおける可視光線透過率(Visible Transmittance)を測定した。可視光線透過率を下記の基準で判定した。
○:可視光線透過率が70%以上
×:可視光線透過率が70%未満
第2の層及び第3の層を形成するための組成物を混合して150℃でプレス成型して、厚み800μmの成形体(第1の層)を得た。得られた成形体をダンベル社製のスーパーダンベルカッター:SDK−600で打ち抜いて、試験片を得た。得られた試験片を23℃及び湿度30%RHで12時間保管した。その後、25℃の恒温室でエー・アンド・デイ社製のテンシロンを用い、200mm/minで、試験片の引張試験を行った。得られた応力−歪み曲線の微小歪み領域における傾きを算出し、ヤング率とした。具体的には、歪みが0〜3%での傾きをヤング率とした以外は、第1の層のヤング率の測定と同様に測定した。
式(X)中のEiはi層目の膜のヤング率を示し、aiはi層目の膜の厚みを示す。Σiはi層の数値の和を計算することを意味する。
1a…第1の表面
1b…第2の表面
2…第2の層
2a…外側の表面
3…第3の層
3a…外側の表面
11…中間膜
11A…中間膜(第1の層)
11a…第1の表面
11b…第2の表面
21…第1の合わせガラス部材
22…第2の合わせガラス部材
31…合わせガラス
31A…合わせガラス
Claims (17)
- 3層以上の構造を有する合わせガラス用中間膜であり、
熱可塑性樹脂を含む第1の層と、熱可塑性樹脂を含む第2の層と、熱可塑性樹脂を含む第3の層とを備え、
前記第2の層が、前記第1の層の第1の表面側に配置されており、
前記第3の層が、前記第1の層の前記第1の表面とは反対の第2の表面側に配置されており、
前記第1の層のガラス転移温度が10℃以下であり、
合わせガラス用中間膜の25℃での等価剛性が2.4MPa以上であり、
合わせガラス用中間膜の厚みをTとしたときに、前記第1の層の厚みが、0.4T以下であり、
前記第1の層の25℃でのヤング率が、前記第2の層及び前記第3の層の25℃でのヤング率よりも小さい、合わせガラス用中間膜。 - 前記第1の層の25℃でのヤング率が0.4MPa以上、6MPa以下である、請求項1に記載の合わせガラス用中間膜。
- 前記第2の層の25℃でのヤング率が3MPa以上、700MPa以下である、請求項1又は2に記載の合わせガラス用中間膜。
- 前記第1の層の25℃でのヤング率が0.4MPa以上、6MPa以下であり、
前記第2の層及び前記第3の層の25℃でのヤング率が10MPa以上である、請求項1に記載の合わせガラス用中間膜。 - 前記第2の層の25℃でのヤング率が700MPa以下である、請求項1、2又は4に記載の合わせガラス用中間膜。
- 前記第1の層のガラス転移温度が5℃以下である、請求項1〜5のいずれか1項に記載の合わせガラス用中間膜。
- 前記第1の層が、シリカ粒子を含む、請求項1〜6のいずれか1項に記載の合わせガラス用中間膜。
- 前記第1の層中の前記熱可塑性樹脂100重量部に対して、前記第1の層中の前記シリカ粒子の含有量が5重量部以上、64重量部以下である、請求項7に記載の合わせガラス用中間膜。
- 前記第1の層中の前記熱可塑性樹脂がポリビニルアセタール樹脂であり、
前記第2の層中の前記熱可塑性樹脂がポリビニルアセタール樹脂である、請求項1〜8のいずれか1項に記載の合わせガラス用中間膜。 - 前記第1の層中の前記ポリビニルアセタール樹脂の水酸基の含有率が、前記第2の層中の前記ポリビニルアセタール樹脂の水酸基の含有率よりも低い、請求項9に記載の合わせガラス用中間膜。
- 前記第1の層のガラス転移温度が、前記第2の層のガラス転移温度よりも低い、請求項1〜10のいずれか1項に記載の合わせガラス用中間膜。
- 前記第1の層のガラス転移温度と、前記第2の層のガラス転移温度との差の絶対値が30℃以上である、請求項11に記載の合わせガラス用中間膜。
- 前記第1の層が可塑剤を含み、
前記第2の層が可塑剤を含み、
前記第3の層が可塑剤を含む、請求項1〜12のいずれか1項に記載の合わせガラス用中間膜。 - JIS R3208に準拠した、厚み2mmの2枚のグリーンガラスの間に合わせガラス用中間膜を挟み込むことにより合わせガラスを得たときに、得られる合わせガラスの可視光線透過率が70%以上である、請求項1〜13のいずれか1項に記載の合わせガラス用中間膜。
- 厚みが1mm以下である第1のガラス板を用いて、前記第1のガラス板と第2のガラス板との間に配置されて、合わせガラスを得るために用いられる、請求項1〜14のいずれか1項に記載の合わせガラス用中間膜。
- 第1の合わせガラス部材と、
第2の合わせガラス部材と、
請求項1〜15のいずれか1項に記載の合わせガラス用中間膜とを備え、
前記第1の合わせガラス部材と前記第2の合わせガラス部材との間に、前記合わせガラス用中間膜が配置されている、合わせガラス。 - 前記第1の合わせガラス部材が第1のガラス板であり、
前記第1のガラス板の厚みが1mm以下である、請求項16に記載の合わせガラス。
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