JP6286061B2 - ガス相発熱反応を開始するための点火器を備える部分酸化改質器又はオートサーマル改質器 - Google Patents
ガス相発熱反応を開始するための点火器を備える部分酸化改質器又はオートサーマル改質器 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6286061B2 JP6286061B2 JP2016553234A JP2016553234A JP6286061B2 JP 6286061 B2 JP6286061 B2 JP 6286061B2 JP 2016553234 A JP2016553234 A JP 2016553234A JP 2016553234 A JP2016553234 A JP 2016553234A JP 6286061 B2 JP6286061 B2 JP 6286061B2
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Description
本願は、2013年11月6日に共に出願された米国特許出願第61/900,510号明細書及び第61/900,543号明細書の利益を享受し、その全体の内容は、参照により本明細書に組み込まれる。
本開示によれば、複数の離間された反応器ユニットであって、各反応器ユニットが、内表面及び外表面を備える壁、一端にインレット及び反対側の端にアウトレットを有する細長い管を備え、前記壁は、少なくとも一部がガス相反応ゾーンを画定するガス流通路を囲む複数の離間された反応器ユニットを備える多管状化学反応器が提供され、当該多管状化学反応器は、反応器ユニットのガス相反応ゾーン内でガス相発熱反応を開始するための少なくとも一つの点火器を含むことができる。前記点火器は、前記ガス相反応ゾーンと熱連通状態で且つ前記ガス相反応ゾーンと近接しているが、前記ガス相反応ゾーンから物理的に隔離状態で配置される放射熱生成要素を含むことができる。
(a)複数の離間された反応器ユニットであって、各反応器ユニットが、内表面及び外表面を備える壁、一端にインレット及び反対の端にアウトレットを有する細長い管を備えること、前記壁は、少なくとも一部がガス相反応ゾーンを画定するガス流通路を囲むこと、隣り合う前記離間された反応器ユニット間の最大距離は、ガス相部分酸化反応が、動作中の反応器ユニットにおけるガス相発熱反応からの熱によって隣の反応器ユニットで開始されることに失敗しない距離であること、及び
(b)前記反応器ユニットの前記ガス相反応ゾーン内でガス相部分酸化反応を開始するための少なくとも一つの点火器であって、前記点火器が反応器ユニットの露出セクションに近接するが露出セクションから物理的に隔離状態で配置された電気抵抗式の放射熱生成要素を含むことを備える多管状化学反応器が提供される。前記反応器ユニットは、チャンバ内に配置されることができる。前記点火器の動作は、前記反応器ユニットの前記ガス相反応ゾーン内でガス相発熱反応を開始するために前記点火器に近接した少なくとも一つの反応器ユニットの露出セクションに放射熱を伝達することができる。前記少なくとも一つの反応器ユニットの前記反応ゾーン内で発生した発熱反応によって生成された放射熱は、次に、そのように、発熱反応が全ての前記反応器ユニット内で開始されるまで、少なくとも一つの他の反応器ユニット内で、任意ではあるが、チャンバ内で、発熱反応を開始することができる。
本記載は、CPOX改質器に適用されるものとして記述されるが、本開示は、全ての発熱改質器及び/又は反応に適用されると理解されるべきである。
Claims (11)
- 多管状の部分酸化改質器又はオートサーマル改質器であって、
(a)複数の離間された反応器ユニットであって、各反応器ユニットが、内表面及び外表面を備える壁、一端にインレット及び反対側の端にアウトレットを有する細長い管を備えること、前記壁は、少なくとも一部がガス相反応ゾーンを画定するガス流通路を囲むこと、隣り合う前記離間された反応器ユニット間の最大距離は、ガス相部分酸化反応が、動作中の反応器ユニットにおけるガス相発熱反応からの熱によって隣の反応器ユニットで開始されることに失敗しない距離であること、及び
(b)前記反応器ユニットの前記ガス相反応ゾーン内でガス相部分酸化反応を開始するための少なくとも一つの点火器であって、前記点火器は、前記ガス相反応ゾーンと熱連通状態で且つ前記ガス相反応ゾーンと近接するが、前記ガス相反応ゾーンから物理的に隔離状態で配置される電気抵抗式の放射熱生成要素を備えることを備える多管状の部分酸化改質器又はオートサーマル改質器。 - 動作の定常状態モード中における隣り合う反応器ユニット間の最大距離は、前記複数の互いに離間された反応器ユニットの温度が所定の最小アレイ温度値未満に降下しない距離であり;隣り合う反応器ユニット間の最小距離は、前記反応器ユニットの前記アウトレットでの温度が所定の最大温度値を越えることがない距離である請求項1に記載の多管状の部分酸化改質器又はオートサーマル改質器。
- 前記複数の離間された反応器ユニットを備えるチャンバ内に配置された少なくとも一つの熱電対を更に備える請求項1又は2のいずれか1項に記載の多管状の部分酸化改質器又はオートサーマル改質器。
- 複数の点火器を備え、少なくとも一つの点火器が、前記複数の離間された反応器ユニットをさらに備えるチャンバの一端に配置され、少なくとも一つの点火器が、前記チャンバの反対側の端に配置される請求項1〜3のいずれか1項に記載の多管状の部分酸化改質器又はオートサーマル改質器。
- 前記複数の離間された反応器ユニットをさらに備えるチャンバ内に配置された複数の点火器及び複数の熱電対を備え、少なくとも一つの点火器及び少なくとも一つの熱電対が、前記チャンバの一端に配置され、少なくとも一つの点火器及び少なくとも一つの熱電対が、前記チャンバの反対の端に配置される請求項1〜3のいずれか1項に記載の多管状の部分酸化改質器又はオートサーマル改質器。
- 前記複数の点火器及び前記複数の熱電対は、前記チャンバの一端における少なくとも一つの点火器が、前記チャンバの反対の端における熱電対の向かい側にあるように前記チャンバ内に配置される請求項5に記載の多管状の部分酸化改質器又はオートサーマル改質器。
- ガス状反応物源を備え、前記ガス状反応物源は、前記反応ユニット(単数又は複数)の前記ガス相反応ゾーン(単数又は複数)と流体連通状態にある請求項1〜6のいずれか1項に記載の多管状の部分酸化改質器又はオートサーマル改質器。
- 当該多管状の部分酸化改質器又はオートサーマル改質器の動作を制御するためのコントローラを備え、前記コントローラは、前記少なくとも一つの点火器、及び、もしあれば、前記少なくとも一つの熱電対及び前記ガス状反応物源の少なくとも一方と動作連通状態にある請求項7に記載の多管状の部分酸化改質器又はオートサーマル改質器。
- 所望の生産物(単数又は複数)を生成するために多管状の部分酸化改質器又はオートサーマル改質器の内部でガス相部分酸化反応を実行するための方法であって、
複数の離間された反応器ユニットの一つである反応器ユニットであって、各反応器ユニットが、内表面及び外表面を備える壁、一端にインレット及び反対の端にアウトレットを有する細長い管を備え、前記壁が、少なくとも一部がガス相反応ゾーンを画定するガス流通路を囲む反応器ユニットにガス状反応物を導入すること、
前記反応器ユニットのガス相反応ゾーン内で前記ガス状反応物の部分酸化反応を電気抵抗式の放射熱生成要素を有する少なくとも一つの点火器によって開始し、それによって所望の生産物(単数又は複数)の生成を開始し、ここで、前記放射熱生成要素は、前記ガス相反応ゾーンと熱連通状態で且つ前記ガス相反応ゾーンに近接するが、前記ガス相反応ゾーンから物理的に隔離状態で配置され、及び
前記反応器ユニットの前記ガス相反応ゾーン内で発生した前記部分酸化反応によって生成された熱を、前記ガス相反応ゾーン又は一つ以上の隣接する反応器ユニットに伝達し、それによって、そのように、部分酸化反応が前記複数の離間された反応器ユニットの夫々において開始されるまで少なくとも一つの隣接する反応器ユニット内で部分酸化反応を開始することを含む方法。 - 前記複数の離間された反応器ユニットにおいて前記部分酸化反応を維持することを含む請求項9に記載の方法。
- 前記部分酸化反応を維持することは、前記複数の離間された反応器ユニットの各反応器ユニットにガス状反応物を導入することを含む請求項10に記載の方法。
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