JP6357242B2 - 化学反応器へのガス状反応媒体の流れの管理のためのマニフォルドを備える燃料触媒部分酸化改質反応器 - Google Patents
化学反応器へのガス状反応媒体の流れの管理のためのマニフォルドを備える燃料触媒部分酸化改質反応器 Download PDFInfo
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Description
本願は、2013年11月6日に共に出願された米国特許出願第61/900,510号明細書及び第61/900,543号明細書の利益を享受し、その全体の内容は、参照により本明細書に組み込まれる。
本教示は、種々のガス相反応を実施するためのあらゆる種類のガス相反応器に大抵適用可能であるが、本明細書では、水素リッチ改質油を生成するための液状及びガス状改質可能燃料のガス相改質のためのガス相改質器及び方法によって具体的に例示される。このような改質油は、様々な目的のために、例えば、化学反応物として及び電気への燃料セル内での変換用燃料として利用されることができる。
本教示の多管状反応器システムは、前記マニフォルドハウジングが前記キャビティを画定し、前記キャビティ内又は当該キャビティに隣接してシールが配置されるキャビティ含むことが出来る。前記シールは、前記化学反応器の前記インレットと係合することができ、それによって、前記マニフォルドハウジングと前記インレットとの間に気密シールを提供する。前記シールはガスケットであることができる。
(a)ガス状反応媒体の流入のためのインレット端及び関連するインレット、ガス状反応媒体が反応生成物(単数又は複数)を生成するためにガス相反応をするガス相反応ゾーン、及びこのような反応生成物(単数又は複数)の流出のためのアウトレット端及び関連するアウトレットを有する少なくとも一つの反応器ユニット;
(b)前記少なくとも一つの反応器の前記インレットとガス流連通状態にあるマニフォルドであって、前記マニフォルドは、肉厚を有するハウジングを備えること、前記ハウジングは、マニフォルドチャンバを画定すること、及び;
(c)前記マニフォルドチャンバ内に配置され、前記マニフォルドチャンバの前記長さの少なくとも大部分に渡って延在するガス状反応媒体分配器であって、前記分配器は、ガス状反応媒体の流れを当該分配器に送給するためのコンジットとガス流連通状態にあり、一つのアウトレット又は複数のアウトレットを有し、最初に前記少なくとも一つの反応器の前記インレットから離れ、次に前記少なくとも一つの反応器の前記インレットに向かう進路で、当該分配器内を流れるガス状反応媒体を前記マニフォルドチャンバ内に排出するように配置されること、を含む。
また、本発明に係る燃料触媒部分酸化改質反応器システムは、
(i)マニフォルドチャンバの温度を、その前記ガス状反応媒体又はコンポーネント(単数又は複数)の濃縮温度より高く維持するための、及び/又は、前記ガス状反応媒体が前記少なくとも一つの反応器の前記インレットに入る前にその中の前記ガス状反応媒体の温度をより均一にするためのヒーター、及び
(ii)前記ハウジングの壁のセクション内に画定されるキャビティ、及び前記キャビティ内に配置されるガスケットであって、前記ガスケットが前記少なくとも一つの反応器ユニットの前記インレット端と係合し、それによって前記ハウジングの前記壁と前記反応器の前記インレット端との間に気密シールを提供すること、
の少なくとも一つを、追加のコンポーネントとして有してもよい。
本明細書での本教示は、記述された特定の手順、材料、及び変更に制限されず、それらが変化され得ることが理解されるべきである。使用される用語は、特定の実施形態を記述する目的のみのためであり、且つ本教示の範囲を制限する意図はなく、それは、添付の特許請求の範囲によってのみ制限されることも理解されるべきである。
Claims (9)
- 燃料触媒部分酸化改質反応器システムであって、
多管状反応器インレットと、複数の管状反応器ユニットと、を有するガス相反応を実行するための多管状反応器、
第一ガス状反応媒体インレット、
前記第一ガス状反応媒体インレットと流体連通する第二ガス状反応媒体インレット、
前記第一及び第二ガス状反応媒体インレットより下流にあり、かつ、前記第一及び第二ガス状反応媒体インレットと流体連通する、とともに、ガス状反応混合物アウトレットを有する混合ゾーン、
及び、
前記多管状反応器の外側にあり、且つ、前記多管状反応器の前記多管状反応器インレットと流体連通するマニフォルドであって、前記マニフォルドは、マニフォルドハウジングを備え、前記マニフォルドハウジングは、マニフォルドチャンバを画定し、且つ
前記マニフォルドチャンバ内に配置され、前記マニフォルドチャンバの長さの少なくとも大部分に渡って延在し、前記混合ゾーンの前記ガス状反応混合物アウトレットより下流に位置し、且つ、前記混合ゾーンの前記ガス状反応混合物アウトレットと流体連通するガス状反応物分配器インレットと、前記多管状反応器の前記多管状反応器インレットに面する上面部と、前記多管状反応器の前記多管状反応器インレットと対向しない方向を向く底部と、を備え、ガス状反応物コンジットと流体連通状態にあり、前記多管状反応器と流体連通する一つ以上のアウトレットを前記底部に備えるガス状反応物分配器を有するマニフォルド、
を備える燃料触媒部分酸化改質反応器システム。 - 前記多管状反応器は、多管状固定床反応器、多管状流動床反応器、多管状マイクロチャネル反応器、多管状シェルアンドチューブ反応器、又はそれらの組み合わせである請求項1に記載の燃料触媒部分酸化改質反応器システム。
- 前記マニフォルドハウジングがキャビティを画定し、シールが当該キャビティ内又は当該キャビティに隣接して配置され、前記シールは前記多管状反応器の前記多管状反応器インレットと係合し、それによって前記マニフォルドハウジングと前記多管状反応器インレットとの間に気密シールを提供し、前記シールはガスケットである請求項1又は2に記載の燃料触媒部分酸化改質反応器システム。
- 前記マニフォルドハウジングは、前記多管状反応器の動作温度で熱的に且つ機械的に安定したままである材料から製造される請求項1〜3のいずれか1項に記載の燃料触媒部分酸化改質反応器システム。
- 前記マニフォルドチャンバ内に配置され、前記マニフォルドチャンバと熱連通状態にある電気抵抗ヒーター及び/又は前記マニフォルド及び多管状反応器の反応ゾーンと熱連通状態にある少なくとも一つの伝熱要素であるヒーターを有する請求項1〜4のいずれか1項に記載の燃料触媒部分酸化改質反応器システム。
- 水素リッチ改質油を生成するために少なくとも一つの改質可能燃料を改質するための改質器システムであって、前記改質器システムは、
改質器反応器ユニットインレットと、複数の管状反応器ユニットと、を有するガス相反応を実行するための改質器反応器ユニット、
第一ガス状反応媒体インレット、
前記第一ガス状反応媒体インレットと流体連通する第二ガス状反応媒体インレット、
前記第一及び第二ガス状反応媒体インレットより下流にあり、かつ、前記第一及び第二ガス状反応媒体インレットと流体連通する、とともに、ガス状反応混合物アウトレットを有する混合ゾーン、
及び
前記複数の管状反応器ユニットの外側にあり、且つ、前記改質器反応器ユニットの前記改質器反応器ユニットインレットと流体連通状態にあるマニフォルドであって、前記マニフォルドはマニフォルドハウジングを備え、前記マニフォルドハウジングはマニフォルドチャンバを画定し、且つ
前記マニフォルドチャンバ内に配置され、前記マニフォルドチャンバの長さの少なくとも大部分に渡って延在し、前記混合ゾーンの前記ガス状反応混合物アウトレットより下流に位置し、かつ、前記混合ゾーンの前記ガス状反応混合物アウトレットと流体連通するガス状改質反応物分配器インレットと、前記複数の管状反応器ユニットの前記管状反応器ユニットインレットに面する上面部と、前記複数の管状反応器ユニットの前記管状反応器ユニットインレットと対向しない方向を向く底部と、を備え、ガス状反応物コンジットと流体連通状態にあり、前記複数の管状反応器ユニットの前記管状反応器ユニットインレットと流体連通する一つ以上のアウトレットを前記底部に備えるガス状改質反応物分配器を有するマニフォルド
を備える改質器システム。 - 前記マニフォルドハウジングは、前記少なくとも一つの改質器反応器ユニットの動作中に当該改質器反応器ユニットの前記改質反応ゾーンの温度で熱的及び機械的に安定したままである材料から製造される請求項6に記載の改質器システム。
- 前記マニフォルドチャンバ内に配置された電気抵抗ヒーター及び/又は前記マニフォルド及び前記改質器反応器ユニットの反応ゾーンと熱連通状態にある少なくとも一つの伝熱要素を含むヒーターを有する請求項6又は7に記載の改質器システム。
- 触媒部分酸化改質器である請求項6〜8のいずれか1項に記載の改質器システム。
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