JP6225200B2 - レドックスフロー電池を使用した燃料システム - Google Patents
レドックスフロー電池を使用した燃料システム Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP6225200B2 JP6225200B2 JP2016020066A JP2016020066A JP6225200B2 JP 6225200 B2 JP6225200 B2 JP 6225200B2 JP 2016020066 A JP2016020066 A JP 2016020066A JP 2016020066 A JP2016020066 A JP 2016020066A JP 6225200 B2 JP6225200 B2 JP 6225200B2
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- current collector
- bipolar
- anode
- cathode
- electrochemical cell
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Links
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- TWQULNDIKKJZPH-UHFFFAOYSA-K trilithium;phosphate Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[Li+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O TWQULNDIKKJZPH-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
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- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/04537—Electric variables
- H01M8/04604—Power, energy, capacity or load
- H01M8/04626—Power, energy, capacity or load of auxiliary devices, e.g. batteries, capacitors
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02B90/10—Applications of fuel cells in buildings
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Description
本出願は、2009年8月21日に出願した米国仮特許出願第61/235,859号(標題「レドックスフロー電池を使用した燃料システム」)および2009年4月6日に出願した第61/166,958号(標題「レドックスフロー電池を使用した燃料システム」)に関連する。これらの出願は、参照によりそれらの全体が本明細書に援用される。
本明細書に記載される本発明の日付の時点で当業者に既知である最先端技術をより完全に説明するために、本明細書に引用される全ての特許、特許出願、および刊行物は、それらの全てが、参照により本明細書に援用される。
複数のフローセルであって、各フローセルは、
正極集電体と、
負極集電体と、
正極集電体と負極集電体とを分離するイオン透過膜と、を備え、
正極集電体およびイオン透過膜は、正極活性物質を収容するための正極電気活性ゾーンを画定し、
負極集電体およびイオン透過膜は、負極活性物質を収容するための負極電気活性ゾーンを画定し、正極および負極活性物質のうちの少なくとも1つは、電気活性ゾーン内に流動性レドックス組成物を含む、複数のフローセルと、
流動性レドックス組成物を正極または負極電気活性ゾーンのうちの1つに分配するための少なくとも1つの分配槽であって、複数のフローセルに接続され、かつ電気活性ゾーンと流体連通し、フローセルに接続および取り外されることが可能である、分配槽と、
正極または負極電気活性ゾーンのうちの1つから流動性レドックス組成物を受容するための少なくとも1つの受容槽であって、フローセルに接続され、かつ電気活性ゾーンと流体連通し、フローセルに接続および取り外されることが可能である、受容槽と、を提供することと、
フローセルに放電させて、デバイスを操作するための電気エネルギーを提供するように、流動性レドックス組成物を分配槽から電気活性ゾーンのうちの少なくとも1つに導入することと、
放電したレドックス組成物を受容槽内に受容することと、を含む、方法が記載される。
使用済みレドックス組成物が受容槽から電気活性ゾーンに流れるように、レドックス組成物の流れの方向を逆転させることと、
放電したレドックス組成物を再充電するために動力システムに逆電圧を印加することと、をさらに含む。
レドックス組成物から残留水を隔離すること、
イオン伝導性を向上させるために追加の塩を加えること、
溶媒または電解質添加剤を加えること、
イオン貯蔵のために使用される活物質、または導電性添加剤を含む、追加の固相を加えること、
液体電解質から固相を分離すること、
凝集助剤を加えること、
液体電解質を交換すること、または
それらの任意の組み合わせ、を含む。
セルの動作中にイオンを取り込むことおよび放出することが可能な流動性の半固体または濃縮液体のイオン貯蔵レドックス組成物を含む電極と、
静止電極と、を備える。
複数のフローセルであって、各フローセルは、
正極集電体と、
負極集電体と、
正極集電体と負極集電体とを分離するイオン透過膜と、を備え、
正極集電体およびイオン透過膜は、正極活性物質を収容するための正極電気活性ゾーンを画定し、
負極集電体およびイオン透過膜は、負極活性物質を収容するための負極電気活性ゾーンを画定し、正極および負極活性物質のうちの少なくとも1つは、電気活性ゾーン内に流動性レドックス組成物を含む、複数のフローセルと、
流動性レドックス組成物を正極または負極電気活性ゾーンのうちの1つに分配するための少なくとも1つの分配槽であって、複数のフローセルに接続され、かつ電気活性ゾーンと流体連通し、フローセルに接続および取り外されることが可能である、分配槽と、
正極または負極電気活性ゾーンのうちの1つから流動性レドックス組成物を受容するための少なくとも1つの受容槽であって、フローセルに接続され、かつ電気活性ゾーンと流体連通し、フローセルに接続および取り外されることが可能である、受容槽と、を提供することと、
フローセルに放電させて、デバイスを操作するための電気エネルギーを提供するように、流動性レドックス組成物を分配槽から電気活性ゾーンのうちの少なくとも1つに導入することと、
放電したレドックス組成物を受容槽内に受容することと、を含む。
使用済みレドックス組成物が受容槽から電気活性ゾーンに流れるように、レドックス組成物の流れの方向を逆転させることと、
放電したレドックス組成物を再充電するために動力システムに逆電圧を印加することと、をさらに含む。
複数のフローセルであって、各フローセルは、
正極集電体と、
負極集電体と、
正極集電体と負極集電体とを分離するイオン透過膜と、を備え、
正極集電体およびイオン透過膜は、正極活性物質を収容するための正極電気活性ゾーンを画定し、
負極集電体およびイオン透過膜は、負極活性物質を収容するための負極電気活性ゾーンを画定し、正極および負極活性物質のうちの少なくとも1つは、電気活性ゾーン内に流動性レドックス組成物を含む、複数のフローセルと、
流動性レドックス組成物を正極または負極電気活性ゾーンのうちの1つに分配するための少なくとも1つの分配槽であって、複数のフローセルに接続され、かつ電気活性ゾーンと流体連通し、フローセルに接続および取り外されることが可能である、分配槽と、
正極または負極電気活性ゾーンのうちの1つから流動性レドックス組成物を受容するための少なくとも1つの受容槽であって、フローセルに接続され、かつ電気活性ゾーンと流体連通し、フローセルに接続および取り外されることが可能である、受容槽と、を備え、分配槽および受容槽は、除去および交換のためのアクセスを提供するように位置する、乗物が記載される。
複数のフローセルであって、各フローセルは、
正極集電体と、
負極集電体と、
正極集電体と負極集電体とを分離するイオン透過膜と、を備え、
正極集電体およびイオン透過膜は、正極を収容するための正極電気活性ゾーンを画定し、
負極集電体およびイオン透過膜は、負極を収容するための負極電気活性ゾーンを画定し、正極および負極のうちの少なくとも1つは、電気活性ゾーン内に、セルの動作中にイオンを取り込むことおよび放出することが可能な流動性の半固体または濃縮液体のイオン貯蔵レドックス組成物を含む、複数のフローセルと、
流動性の半固体または濃縮液体のイオン貯蔵レドックス組成物を、正極または負極電気活性ゾーンのうちの1つに分配するための少なくとも1つの分配貯蔵槽であって、複数のフローセルに接続され、かつ電気活性ゾーンと流体連通し、フローセルに接続および取り外されることが可能である、分配貯蔵槽と、
正極または負極電気活性ゾーンのうちの1つから流動性レドックス組成物を受容するための少なくとも1つの受容貯蔵槽であって、フローセルに接続され、電気活性ゾーンと流体連通し、フローセルに接続および取り外されることが可能である、受容貯蔵槽と、を備える、動力システム。
複数のフローセルであって、各フローセルは、
正極集電体と、
負極集電体と、
正極集電体と負極集電体とを分離するイオン透過膜と、を備え、
正極集電体およびイオン透過膜は、正極を収容するための正極電気活性ゾーンを画定し、
負極集電体およびイオン透過膜は、負極を収容するための負極電気活性ゾーンを画定し、正極および負極のうちの少なくとも1つは、電気活性ゾーン内に、セルの動作中にイオンを取り込むことおよび放出することが可能な流動性の半固体または濃縮液体のイオン貯蔵レドックス組成物を含む、複数のフローセルと、
流動性の半固体または濃縮液体のイオン貯蔵レドックス組成物を正極または負極電気活性ゾーンのうちの1つに分配するための少なくとも1つの分配貯蔵槽であって、複数のフローセルに接続され、かつ電気活性ゾーンと流体連通し、フローセルに接続および取り外されることが可能である、分配貯蔵槽と、
正極または負極電気活性ゾーンのうちの1つから流動性レドックス組成物を受容するための少なくとも1つの受容貯蔵槽であって、フローセルに接続され、かつ電気活性ゾーンと流体連通し、フローセルに接続および取り外されることが可能である、受容貯蔵槽と、を提供することと、
フローセルに放電させて、デバイスを操作するための電気エネルギーを提供するように、流動性レドックス組成物を分配槽から電気活性ゾーンのうちの少なくとも1つに導入することと、
放電したレドックス組成物を受容槽内に受容することと、
分配槽を新鮮な流動性レドックス組成物を含む新しい分配槽と交換することにより、動力システムに燃料を補給することと、を含む、方法が記載される。
使用済みレドックス組成物が受容槽から電気活性ゾーンに流れるように、レドックス組成物の流れの方向を逆転させることと、
放電したレドックス組成物を再充電するために動力システムに逆電圧を印加することと、をさらに含む。
レドックス組成物から残留水を隔離することと、
イオン伝導性を向上させるために追加の塩を加えることと、
溶媒または電解質添加剤を加えることと、
イオン貯蔵のために使用される活物質、または導電性添加剤を含む、追加の固相を加えることと、
液体電解質から固相を分離することと、
凝集助剤を加えることと、
液体電解質を交換することと、または
それらの任意の組み合わせと、を含む。
セルの動作中にイオンを取り込むことおよび放出することが可能な流動性の半固体または濃縮液体のイオン貯蔵レドックス組成物を含む電極と、
静止電極と、を備える。
Claims (23)
- バイポーラ電気化学セルであって、
端部アノード電流コレクタと、
端部アノード電流コレクタから間隔をあけて、少なくとも部分的に第1アノードを形成する第1イオン透過膜と、
アノード電流コレクタとカソード電流コレクタとを含むバイポーラ電極であって、第1イオン透過膜から間隔をあけて、第1イオン透過膜とバイポーラ電流コレクタのカソード電流コレクタとの間に少なくとも部分的に第1カソードを形成するバイポーラ電極と、
バイポーラ電極から間隔をあけて、第2イオン透過膜とバイポーラ電流コレクタのアノード電流コレクタとの間に少なくとも部分的に第2アノードを形成する第2イオン透過膜と、
第2イオン透過膜から間隔をあけて、端部カソード電流コレクタと第2イオン透過膜との間に少なくとも部分的に第2カソードを形成する端部カソード電流コレクタと、を含み、
第1アノード、第2アノード、第1カソード、および第2カソードの少なくとも1つは、液相と固相との混合物であるイオン貯蔵レドックス組成物を含み、
前記固相は、イオンを取り込みまたは放出でき、セルの動作中に実質的に溶けないバイポーラ電気化学セル。 - 前記固相は、活性材料を含む請求項1に記載のバイポーラ電気化学セル。
- 活性材料の体積パーセントは、20%から70%である請求項2に記載のバイポーラ電気化学セル。
- 前記イオン貯蔵レドックス組成物は、導電性添加剤を含む請求項2に記載のバイポーラ電気化学セル。
- バイポーラ電気化学セルは、フローセルである請求項1に記載のバイポーラ電気化学セル。
- 前記液相と固相との混合物であるイオン貯蔵レドックス組成物はスラリーを含む請求項1に記載のバイポーラ電気化学セル。
- 前記液相と固相との混合物であるイオン貯蔵レドックス組成物は粒子懸濁液を含む請求項1に記載のバイポーラ電気化学セル。
- 前記液相と固相との混合物であるイオン貯蔵レドックス組成物はコロイド懸濁液を含む請求項1に記載のバイポーラ電気化学セル。
- 前記液相と固相との混合物であるイオン貯蔵レドックス組成物はエマルジョンを含む請求項1に記載のバイポーラ電気化学セル。
- 前記液相と固相との混合物であるイオン貯蔵レドックス組成物はミセルを含む請求項1に記載のバイポーラ電気化学セル。
- バイポーラ電極は、アノード電流コレクタとカソード電流コレクタとの間に配置された絶縁物を含む請求項1に記載のバイポーラ電気化学セル。
- バイポーラ電気化学セルであって、
端部アノード電流コレクタと、
端部アノード電流コレクタから間隔をあけて、少なくとも部分的に第1アノードを形成する第1イオン透過膜と、
アノード電流コレクタとカソード電流コレクタとを含むバイポーラ電極であって、第1イオン透過膜から間隔をあけて、第1イオン透過膜とバイポーラ電流コレクタのカソード電流コレクタとの間に少なくとも部分的に第1カソードを形成するバイポーラ電極と、
バイポーラ電極から間隔をあけて、第2イオン透過膜とバイポーラ電流コレクタのアノード電流コレクタとの間に少なくとも部分的に第2アノードを形成する第2イオン透過膜と、
第2イオン透過膜から間隔をあけて、端部カソード電流コレクタと第2イオン透過膜との間に少なくとも部分的に第2カソードを形成する端部カソード電流コレクタと、を含み、
第1アノード、第2アノード、第1カソード、および第2カソードの少なくとも1つは、半固体電極を含み、半固体電極は固相のイオン貯蔵電気活性粒子を含み、
固相のイオン貯蔵電気活性粒子は、イオンを取り込みまたは放出でき、セルの動作中に実質的に溶けないバイポーラ電気化学セル。 - 半固体電極は、液相電解質中の固相のイオン貯蔵電気活性粒子の懸濁液である請求項12に記載のバイポーラ電気化学セル。
- 固相のイオン貯蔵電気活性粒子の体積パーセントは、20%から70%である請求項13に記載のバイポーラ電気化学セル。
- 半固体電極は、液相電解質中に導電性添加剤を含む請求項13に記載のバイポーラ電気化学セル。
- 液相電解質は、非水液体電解質である請求項13に記載のバイポーラ電気化学セル。
- バイポーラ電気化学セルは、フローセルである請求項12に記載のバイポーラ電気化学セル。
- バイポーラ電極は、アノード電流コレクタとカソード電流コレクタとの間に配置された絶縁物を含む請求項12に記載のバイポーラ電気化学セル。
- バイポーラ電気化学セルであって、
端部アノード、端部カソード、および端部アノードと端部カソードとの間に配置された少なくとも1つのバイポーラ電極であって、アノード電流コレクタと、アノード電流コレクタに対向するカソード電流コレクタとを含むバイポーラ電極と、
端部アノードと、バイポーラ電極のカソード電流コレクタとの間に配置された第1イオン透過膜と、
端部カソードと、バイポーラ電極のアノード電流コレクタとの間に配置された第2イオン透過膜と、を含み、
端部アノード、端部カソード、および少なくとも1つのバイポーラ電極の少なくとも1つは、電解質中の活性固相材料と導電性添加剤との懸濁液であるイオン貯蔵レドックス組成物を含み、
活性固相材料は、イオンを取り込みまたは放出でき、セルの動作中に実質的に溶けないバイポーラ電気化学セル。 - 活性固相材料の体積パーセントは、20%から70%である請求項19に記載のバイポーラ電気化学セル。
- 電解質は、非水液体電解質である請求項19に記載のバイポーラ電気化学セル。
- バイポーラ電気化学セルは、フローセルである請求項19に記載のバイポーラ電気化学セル。
- バイポーラ電極は、アノード電流コレクタとカソード電流コレクタとの間に配置された絶縁物を含む請求項19に記載のバイポーラ電気化学セル。
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2010
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- 2010-04-06 JP JP2012504790A patent/JP5882888B2/ja active Active
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- 2010-04-06 KR KR1020117026293A patent/KR102046773B1/ko active IP Right Grant
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EP3240078A1 (en) | 2017-11-01 |
CN102576893B (zh) | 2015-10-21 |
WO2010118060A1 (en) | 2010-10-14 |
US9293781B2 (en) | 2016-03-22 |
KR20120028302A (ko) | 2012-03-22 |
CA2757969A1 (en) | 2010-10-14 |
JP2012523103A (ja) | 2012-09-27 |
JP2016146345A (ja) | 2016-08-12 |
CN102576893A (zh) | 2012-07-11 |
KR102046773B1 (ko) | 2019-11-20 |
US9583780B2 (en) | 2017-02-28 |
US20100323264A1 (en) | 2010-12-23 |
US20160013507A1 (en) | 2016-01-14 |
US8778552B2 (en) | 2014-07-15 |
EP2417664B1 (en) | 2017-04-05 |
CN105280937B (zh) | 2018-04-10 |
JP5882888B2 (ja) | 2016-03-09 |
CA2757969C (en) | 2018-01-09 |
CN105280937A (zh) | 2016-01-27 |
US20150129081A1 (en) | 2015-05-14 |
EP2417664A1 (en) | 2012-02-15 |
US20160268621A1 (en) | 2016-09-15 |
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