JP5635531B2 - グルカゴン類似体 - Google Patents
グルカゴン類似体 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5635531B2 JP5635531B2 JP2011540189A JP2011540189A JP5635531B2 JP 5635531 B2 JP5635531 B2 JP 5635531B2 JP 2011540189 A JP2011540189 A JP 2011540189A JP 2011540189 A JP2011540189 A JP 2011540189A JP 5635531 B2 JP5635531 B2 JP 5635531B2
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- Prior art keywords
- glucagon
- seq
- obesity
- glp
- lys
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Images
Classifications
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- C07K14/435—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from animals; from humans
- C07K14/575—Hormones
- C07K14/605—Glucagons
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- A61P1/00—Drugs for disorders of the alimentary tract or the digestive system
- A61P1/16—Drugs for disorders of the alimentary tract or the digestive system for liver or gallbladder disorders, e.g. hepatoprotective agents, cholagogues, litholytics
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P29/00—Non-central analgesic, antipyretic or antiinflammatory agents, e.g. antirheumatic agents; Non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs [NSAID]
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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Description
{式中、
R1が、H、C1‐4アルキル、アセチル、ホルミル、ベンゾイル又はトリフルオロアセチルであり;
Xが、以下の式(I):
His‐Ser‐Gln‐Gly‐Thr‐Phe‐Thr‐Ser‐Asp‐Tyr‐Ser‐Leu‐Tyr‐Leu‐Asp‐Ser‐Arg‐Arg‐Ala‐Lys‐Asp‐Phe‐Ile‐Glu‐Trp‐Leu‐Glu‐Ser‐Ala(配列番号4)
2位の残基が:Aib、D‐Serから選択され;
16位の残基が:Arg、His、Lys、Glu、Gly、Aspから選択され;
18位の残基が:Lys、His、Ala、Ser、Tyrから選択され;
20位の残基が:Gln、His、Arg、Glu、Aspから選択され;
21位の残基が:Gluであり;
23位の残基が:Val、Leuから選択され;
24位の残基が:Gln、Leu、Ala、Lys、Arg、Aspから選択され;
28位の残基が:Asn、Arg、Lys、Glu、Ala、Leu、Aspから選択され;及び
のうちの最大4ヶ所によって式(I)と異なっているペプチドであり;そして
Zが、存在しないか、又はAla、Leu、Ser、Thr、Tyr、Cys、Glu、Lys、Arg、Dbu、Dpr及びOrnから成る群から選択される1〜20個のアミノ酸単位から成るペプチド配列である。}を有する化合物、又は医薬的に許容し得るその塩を提供する。
2位の残基が:Aib、D‐Serから選択され;
16位の残基が:Arg、His、Lys、Glu、Glyから選択され;
17位の残基が:Lys、Leuから選択され;
18位の残基が:Lys、His、Ala、Ser、Tyrから選択され;
23位の残基が:Val、Leuから選択され;
27位の残基が:Met、Cys、Lys、Arg、Leuから選択され;
28位の残基が:Asn、Arg、Lys、Glu、Ala、Leuから選択され;及び
のうちの最大4ヶ所によって式(I)と異なる。
2位の残基が:Aib、D‐Serから選択され;
16位の残基が:Arg、His、Lys、Glu、Glyから選択され;
17位の残基が:Lys、Leuから選択され;
18位の残基が:Lys、His、Ala、Ser、Tyrから選択され;及び
23位の残基が:Val、Leuから選択される;
のうちの最大4ヶ所によって式(I)と異なる。
2位の残基が:Aib、D‐Serから選択され;
23位の残基が:Val、Leuから選択され;
27位の残基が:Met、Cys、Lys、Arg、Leuから選択され;
28位の残基が:Asn、Arg、Lys、Glu、Ala、Leuから選択され;及び
のうちの最大4ヶ所によって式(I)と異なる。
20‐Lys、24‐Glu;
20‐Lys、24‐Glu、29‐Ala;
20‐Lys、23‐Ile、24‐Glu;
27‐Glu、28‐Ser、29‐Ala;
29‐Ala;
20‐Gln;
23‐Val;
24‐Gln;
29‐Thr;
27‐Met、28‐Asn、29‐Thr;
20‐Gln、23‐Val、24‐Gln;
20‐Glu、24‐Lys;若しくは
28‐Arg、
のうちの1つ又は複数を含んでなることが望まれることもある。
HSQGTFTSDYSLYLDSRRAQDFIEWLESA(配列番号5);
HSQGTFTSDYSLYLDSRRAKDFVEWLESA(配列番号6);
HSQGTFTSDYSLYLDSRRAKDFlQWLESA(配列番号7);
HSQGTFTSDYSLYLDSRRAKDFIEWLEST(配列番号8);
HSQGTFTSDYSLYLDSRRAKDFIEWLMNT(配列番号9);
HSQGTFTSDYSLYLDSRRAQDFVQWLESA(配列番号10);
HSQGTFTSDYSLYLDSRRAEDFIKWLESA(配列番号11);又は、
を有していてもよい。
この明細書を通して、天然アミノ酸についての慣習的な一文字表記及び三文字表記、並びにその他のアミノについての一般に認められている三文字表記、例えばAib(α‐アミノイソ酪酸)、Orn(オルニチン)、Dbu(2,4‐ジアミノ酪酸)及びDpr(2,3‐ジアミノプロパン酸)などが使用される。
20‐Glu、24‐Lys;
20‐Asp、24‐Arg;
20‐Glu、24‐Arg;
20‐Lys、24‐Asp;
20‐Arg、24‐Asp;
20‐Lys、24‐Glu;及び
20‐Arg、24‐Glu;
が挙げられる。
本願発明の化合物は、標準的な合成方法、遺伝子組み換え発現系、又はその他の最先端の方法のいずれかによって製造され得る。よって、グルカゴン類似体は、例えば以下の:
GLP‐1又はグルカゴン(Glu)受容体への関連化合物の結合を、アゴニスト活性の指標として使用できるが、一般に、関連受容体へのかかる化合物の結合によって引き起こされる細胞内シグナル伝達を計測する生物学的アッセイを使用することが好ましい。例えば、グルカゴン作動薬によるグルカゴン受容体の活性化は、細胞サイクリックAMP(cAMP)形成を刺激する。同様に、GLP‐1作動薬によるGLP‐1受容体の活性化は、細胞cAMP形成を刺激する。よって、これらの2つの受容体のうちの一方を発現している好適な細胞におけるcAMPの産生は、関連する受容体活性を観察するのに使用できる。従って、それぞれ一方の受容体を発現しているが、もう一方を発現していない細胞型の好適な対の使用は、両タイプの受容体に対するアゴニスト活性を測定するのに使用できる。
相対GLP‐1R選択性[化合物]=(1/EC50[GLP‐1R])x100/(1/EC50[グルカゴンR]+1/EC50[GLP‐1R])
本発明の化合物は、2型糖尿病を含めた肥満及び代謝性疾患のための魅力的な処置選択肢を提供し得る。
本発明の化合物又はその塩は、貯蔵又は投与向けに調製された医薬組成物として処方されてもよく、その医薬組成物は、医薬的に許容し得る担体中に治療上有効な量の本発明の化合物又はその塩を通常含んでなる。
本発明の化合物は、糖尿病、肥満又は高血圧症の処置のための作用物質と共に併用療法の一部として投与することもできる。
グルカゴン類似体の一般的合成
固相ペプチド合成を、ポリスチレン樹脂(TentaGel S Ram)上のNMPにおいて標準的なFmocストラテジーを使用したマイクロ波支援合成装置によるSPPSとして実施した。塩基としてのDIPEAと一緒に、HATUをカップリング試薬として使用した。Piperidlne(NMPの20%)は脱保護基に使用した。
未精製ペプチドを、95/2.5/2.5%(v/v)のTFA/TIS/水を用いて室温にて2時間処理することによって樹脂から切り出した。配列内にメチオニンがあるペプチドについては、95/5%(v/v)のTFA/EDTの混合物を使用した。TFAの大部分を減圧下で取り除き、未精製ペプチドを、沈殿させ、ジエチルエーテルで洗浄し、そして周囲温度にて恒量まで乾燥させた。
未精製ペプチドを、PerSeptive Biosystems VISION Workstationによる標準的な逆相HPLCによって精製した。VISION 3.0ソフトウェアを、測定器制御とデータ取得に使用した。ペプチドを、MSを使用して分析し、且つ、HPLCによって測定した場合に90%超まで精製した。
ペプチド骨格を、それがまだ樹脂に取り付けられているペプチドによってリジン残基の側鎖上でアシル化されること、及びアシル化されるべきリジン上のイプシロン・アミンを除いて、側鎖基上で完全に保護されていることを除いて、グルカゴン類似体の一般的合成について先に記載したとおり合成する。アシル化されるべきリジンを、Fmoc‐Lys(ivDde)‐OHの使用によって組み込む。ペプチドのN末端を、NMP中のBoc2Oを使用してBoc基で保護する。ペプチドがまだ樹脂に取り付けられているうちに、ivDde保護基を、NMP中の2% ヒドラジン水和物を使用して選択的に切り出す。そして、保護されていないリジン側鎖を、最初にFmoc‐Glu‐OtBuのようなスペーサー・アミノ酸に結合させ、それを、ピペリジンで脱保護し、先に記載したとおり標準的なペプチドカップリング法を使用して脂肪酸でアシル化する。あるいは、N末端のヒスチジンを、Boc‐His(Boc)‐OHとして始めから組み込むこともできる。樹脂からの切り出しと精製を、先に記載したとおり実施する。
グルカゴン類似体を、固形の化合物として40℃にてインキュベートし、そして0.1MのHCl水溶液(2mg/ml)中の溶液として溶解した。溶液を40℃にてインキュベートした。残留している完全なグルカゴン類似体を、220nMにおけるUVシグナルの積分によってRP‐HPLCにより計測した。残留率(%)は相対安定性の評価基準である。
ヒト・グルカゴン受容体(グルカゴンR)(一次受入番号P47871)又はヒト・グルカゴン様ペプチド1受容体(GLP‐1R)(一次受入番号P43220)のどちらかをコードするcDNAを、それぞれcDNAクローンBC104854(MGC:132514/IMAGE:8143857)又はBC112126(MGC:138331/IMAGE:8327594)からクローン化した。グルカゴンR又はGLP‐1‐RをコードするDNAを、サブクローニングのために端末の制限部位をコードするプライマーを使用してPCRによって増幅した。5’末端プライマーは、効果的な翻訳を確実にするために近コザック・コンセンサス配列をさらにコードした。グルカゴンRとGLP‐1‐RをコードするDNAの忠実度を、DNA配列決定法によって確認した。グルカゴンR又はGLP‐1‐RをコードするPCR産物を、ネオマイシン(G418)耐性マーカーを含んでいる哺乳動物発現ベクター内にサブクローニングした。
0.01%のポリ‐L‐リジンをコートした96‐ウェルのマイクロタイタープレート内に1ウェルあたり40000個の細胞の割合で、ヒト・グルカゴン‐R又はヒトGLP‐1‐Rを発現するHEK293細胞を播種し、100μlの成長培地中での培養において1日成長させる。分析の日に、成長培地を取り除き、細胞を200μlのTyrode緩衝液で1回洗浄した。漸増濃度の試験ペプチド、100μMのIBMX、及び6mMのグルコースを含有する100μlのTyrode緩衝液中、37℃にて15分間、細胞をインキュベートした。25μlの0.5M HClを添加することによって反応を停止させ、氷上にて60分間インキュベートした。cAMP含有量を、Perkin‐Elmer製のFlashPlate(登録商標)cAMPキットを使用して推定した。基準化合物(グルカゴン及びGLP‐1)と比較したEC50と相対的有効性を、コンピューター支援曲線適合法によって推定した。
脂肪分解に対するグルカゴン類似体の効果を、ラット脂肪細胞の初代培養において評価した。脂肪細胞を、健常な若年成人Sprague-Dawleyラットから摘出した副睾丸脂肪から単離した。脂肪塊を、細かく刻み、4%BSA(KRB‐BSA)含有クレブス‐リンゲル緩衝液中のコラゲナーゼ(1mg/ml)と一緒に37℃にて60分間インキュベート及び振盪(220rpm)した。懸濁液を、ナイロン・フイルター(160μmのポアサイズ)を通して濾過し、そして濾液を200xgにて3分間遠心分離した。脂肪細胞の上部浮動層の下の下部媒質を、毛細管ピペットで取り除いた。脂肪細胞を、再懸濁と遠心分離によってKRB‐BSA緩衝液中で3回洗浄した。脂肪細胞を、KRB‐BSA中に再懸濁し、混合し、インキュベートし、そして96‐ウェルプレート(50000細胞/ウェル)内で1mlの全容積中、試験化合物と一緒に37℃にて60分間振盪した。プレートを、インキュベーション後少なくとも10分間氷上に置き、続いて200xgにて3分間遠心分離した。脂肪細胞層下の緩衝液300μlを、96‐ウェルプレート内に回収した。この過程をもう2回繰り返し、そして各培養物から3回分の抽出物を回収し、それを一緒に貯留した。脂肪細胞培養物における脂肪分解によって形成したグリセロールを、脂肪細胞抽出のアリコート(25μl)に遊離グリセロール試薬(200μl)を加え、室温にて15分間インキュベートし、そして540nmにて吸光度を計測するることによって計測した。
db/dbマウスに、一晩断食させ、そしてビヒクル(PBS)又はZP2653(配列番号4)(PBS中に45nmol/kg)の投与(腹腔内)直前に最初の血液サンプル(空腹時血糖値)を採血した。実験中、動物は断食したままにして、混乱した食餌摂取を予防した。15分後に、経口用量のグルコース(5ml/kg中に1g/kg)を与え、そしてt=30分、t=60分、t=120分、及びt=240分にBGレベルを計測した。
ZP2653(配列番号4)は、糖尿病db/dbマウスにおいてOGTT中に計測された耐糖能を有意に改善した(図1)。ZP2653(配列番号4)(45nmol/kg)は、(濃度曲線下面積(AUC)の減少として計測される)耐糖能を77.1%改善した(図1)。
ZP2653(配列番号4)は、普通食(chow)摂取で観察されたのと同じようなレベルまで体重増加を減少させた(図2)。体重増加は、ビヒクル群に比べて統計的に有意に少なかった。
エキセンジン‐4は非常に強力なGLP‐1R作動薬であるが、GluRに対して効果がなく、また先に記載したラット脂肪細胞の脂肪分解アッセイにおいても効果がなかった。それは、db/dbマウスの耐糖能と正常なマウスの食物摂取には強力な効果があったが、総コレステロール、HDL、LDLの血中濃度又はHDL/LDL比に対して効果がなかった(図3、4)。
Claims (4)
- H-HSQGTFTSDYSLYLDSRRAKDFIEWLESA-NH 2 (配列番号4);
H-HSQGTFTSDYSLYLDSRRAQDFIEWLESA-NH 2 (配列番号5);
H-HSQGTFTSDYSLYLDSRRAKDFVEWLESA-NH 2 (配列番号6);
H-HSQGTFTSDYSLYLDSRRAKDFlQWLESA-NH 2 (配列番号7);
H-HSQGTFTSDYSLYLDSRRAKDFIEWLEST-NH 2 (配列番号8);
H-HSQGTFTSDYSLYLDSRRAKDFIEWLMNT-NH 2 (配列番号9);
H-HSQGTFTSDYSLYLDSRRAQDFVQWLESA-NH 2 (配列番号10);
H-HSQGTFTSDYSLYLDSRRAEDFIKWLESA-NH 2 (配列番号11);又は、
H-HSQGTFTSDYSLYLDSRRAKDFIEWLERA-NH 2 (配列番号12)、
からなる群から選ばれる、化合物。 - 請求項1に記載の化合物を、医薬的に許容し得る担体との混合物の状態で含んでなる医薬組成物。
- 体重増加を予防するためか、体重減少を促進するためか、あるいは病的な肥満、肥満に関係する炎症、肥満に関係する胆嚢疾患及び肥満誘発性睡眠時無呼吸症を含めた過剰体重若しくは肥満により引き起こされた又はそれらに関連する身体状態の処置のためのか、あるいはインスリン抵抗性、耐糖能異常、2型糖尿病、高血圧症、アテローム形成性脂質異常症、アテローム性動脈硬化症、動脈硬化症、冠動脈性心疾患又は脳卒中の処置のための医薬品の調製における、請求項1に記載の化合物の使用。
- 体重増加を予防するか、体重減少を促進するか、あるいは病的な肥満、肥満に関係する炎症、肥満に関係する胆嚢疾患及び肥満誘発性睡眠時無呼吸症を含めた過剰体重若しくは肥満により引き起こされたか又はそれらに関連する身体状態の処置のためか、あるいはインスリン抵抗性、耐糖能異常、2型糖尿病、高血圧症、アテローム形成性脂質異常症、アテローム性動脈硬化症、動脈硬化症、冠動脈性心疾患又は脳卒中の処置のための方法に用いられる、請求項1に記載の化合物を含む医薬組成物。
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JP2014205708A (ja) * | 2014-07-04 | 2014-10-30 | ジーランド ファーマ アクティーゼルスカブ | グルカゴン類似体 |
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US20110293587A1 (en) | 2011-12-01 |
EA201190054A1 (ru) | 2012-02-28 |
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AU2008365557A1 (en) | 2011-07-21 |
EP2370461B1 (en) | 2013-10-02 |
KR20110126591A (ko) | 2011-11-23 |
PL2370461T3 (pl) | 2014-03-31 |
ZA201104592B (en) | 2013-11-27 |
EA020497B1 (ru) | 2014-11-28 |
MX2011006320A (es) | 2011-09-22 |
EP2370461A1 (en) | 2011-10-05 |
WO2010070253A1 (en) | 2010-06-24 |
CN102282166B (zh) | 2015-04-01 |
IL213479A0 (en) | 2011-07-31 |
CA2747155A1 (en) | 2010-06-24 |
BRPI0823379A2 (pt) | 2015-07-14 |
US8642541B2 (en) | 2014-02-04 |
JP2012511901A (ja) | 2012-05-31 |
CN102282166A (zh) | 2011-12-14 |
DK2370461T3 (da) | 2013-12-16 |
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