JP5609644B2 - 難燃性熱可塑性樹脂組成物および成形品 - Google Patents
難燃性熱可塑性樹脂組成物および成形品 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5609644B2 JP5609644B2 JP2010526102A JP2010526102A JP5609644B2 JP 5609644 B2 JP5609644 B2 JP 5609644B2 JP 2010526102 A JP2010526102 A JP 2010526102A JP 2010526102 A JP2010526102 A JP 2010526102A JP 5609644 B2 JP5609644 B2 JP 5609644B2
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- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- ISIJQEHRDSCQIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl 2,7-diazaspiro[4.5]decane-7-carboxylate Chemical compound C1N(C(=O)OC(C)(C)C)CCCC11CNCC1 ISIJQEHRDSCQIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- RWWNQEOPUOCKGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraethyltin Chemical compound CC[Sn](CC)(CC)CC RWWNQEOPUOCKGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002725 thermoplastic elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000000335 thiazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000003568 thioethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000003396 thiol group Chemical group [H]S* 0.000 description 1
- 229960000790 thymol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003609 titanium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- JUWGUJSXVOBPHP-UHFFFAOYSA-B titanium(4+);tetraphosphate Chemical compound [Ti+4].[Ti+4].[Ti+4].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O JUWGUJSXVOBPHP-UHFFFAOYSA-B 0.000 description 1
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BJIOGJUNALELMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-isoeugenol Natural products COC1=CC(C=CC)=CC=C1O BJIOGJUNALELMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LDGFRUUNCRYSQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N triazin-4-ylmethanediamine Chemical compound NC(N)C1=CC=NN=N1 LDGFRUUNCRYSQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TUEKOASUNHSZMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N tricalcium diborate hydrate Chemical compound O.[Ca++].[Ca++].[Ca++].[O-]B([O-])[O-].[O-]B([O-])[O-] TUEKOASUNHSZMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DQWPFSLDHJDLRL-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethyl phosphate Chemical compound CCOP(=O)(OCC)OCC DQWPFSLDHJDLRL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LOAWHQCNQSFKDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethyltin Chemical compound CC[Sn](CC)CC.CC[Sn](CC)CC LOAWHQCNQSFKDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OLBXOAKEHMWSOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethyltin;hydrate Chemical compound O.CC[Sn](CC)CC OLBXOAKEHMWSOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002023 trifluoromethyl group Chemical group FC(F)(F)* 0.000 description 1
- WVLBCYQITXONBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethyl phosphate Chemical compound COP(=O)(OC)OC WVLBCYQITXONBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KQBSGRWMSNFIPG-UHFFFAOYSA-N trioxane Chemical compound C1COOOC1 KQBSGRWMSNFIPG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CAPOZRICGSDRLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris(2,3-dimethylphenyl) phosphate Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC(OP(=O)(OC=2C(=C(C)C=CC=2)C)OC=2C(=C(C)C=CC=2)C)=C1C CAPOZRICGSDRLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DOOPOMANTWCTIB-UHFFFAOYSA-M tris(2-methylpropyl)stannanylium;acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O.CC(C)C[Sn+](CC(C)C)CC(C)C DOOPOMANTWCTIB-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- NSBGJRFJIJFMGW-UHFFFAOYSA-N trisodium;stiborate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-][Sb]([O-])([O-])=O NSBGJRFJIJFMGW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 1
- CMPGARWFYBADJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L tungstic acid Chemical compound O[W](O)(=O)=O CMPGARWFYBADJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000006097 ultraviolet radiation absorber Substances 0.000 description 1
- KLNPWTHGTVSSEU-UHFFFAOYSA-N undecane-1,11-diamine Chemical compound NCCCCCCCCCCCN KLNPWTHGTVSSEU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940116269 uric acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000010455 vermiculite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052902 vermiculite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019354 vermiculite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920006163 vinyl copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001567 vinyl ester resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010456 wollastonite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052882 wollastonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- UGZADUVQMDAIAO-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Zn+2] UGZADUVQMDAIAO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229940007718 zinc hydroxide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910021511 zinc hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GYKKGOMJFMCRIN-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc;ethyl(methyl)phosphinate Chemical compound [Zn+2].CCP(C)([O-])=O.CCP(C)([O-])=O GYKKGOMJFMCRIN-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- BHTBHKFULNTCHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-H zinc;tin(4+);hexahydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Zn+2].[Sn+4] BHTBHKFULNTCHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- 150000003755 zirconium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910000166 zirconium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- LEHFSLREWWMLPU-UHFFFAOYSA-B zirconium(4+);tetraphosphate Chemical compound [Zr+4].[Zr+4].[Zr+4].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O LEHFSLREWWMLPU-UHFFFAOYSA-B 0.000 description 1
- PAPBSGBWRJIAAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N ε-Caprolactone Chemical compound O=C1CCCCCO1 PAPBSGBWRJIAAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/0008—Organic ingredients according to more than one of the "one dot" groups of C08K5/01 - C08K5/59
- C08K5/0066—Flame-proofing or flame-retarding additives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/16—Nitrogen-containing compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/49—Phosphorus-containing compounds
- C08K5/51—Phosphorus bound to oxygen
- C08K5/53—Phosphorus bound to oxygen bound to oxygen and to carbon only
- C08K5/5313—Phosphinic compounds, e.g. R2=P(:O)OR'
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L77/00—Compositions of polyamides obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic amide link in the main chain; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L77/00—Compositions of polyamides obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic amide link in the main chain; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L77/02—Polyamides derived from omega-amino carboxylic acids or from lactams thereof
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
Description
また、ポリエステル樹脂やポリアミド樹脂は、高い融点を持つ結晶性プラスチックスであるため、溶融混練する押出機や射出成形機は高い加工温度が必要とされている。
例えば、特許文献1や特許文献2には、非ハロゲン系難燃剤として、ホスフィン酸塩と窒素含有化合物を配合することが開示されているが、難燃剤のホスフィン酸塩によって、難燃化されたポリエステル樹脂やポリアミド樹脂は、前記難燃剤から発生する腐食性ガスにより、混練装置のスクリュウが腐食、あるいは射出成形の金型が腐食する課題があった。
すなわち、かかる課題を解決するための本発明は、次の構成を特徴とするものである。
(1)(A)熱可塑性樹脂65〜99重量%、(B)ホスフィン酸塩、ジホスフィン酸塩、ホスフィン酸塩のポリマー、または、ジホスフィン酸塩のポリマーから選ばれる少なくとも1種のホスフィン酸塩類1〜35重量%、および(C)下記式(2)で示される構造を有する化合物0.001〜0.70重量%を含有する難燃性熱可塑性樹脂組成物。
(5)さらに、(A)(B)(C)100重量部に対し、(D)酸性リン酸エステル化合物0.001〜1.0重量部を含有してなる(1)〜(4)のいずれかに記載の難燃性熱可塑性樹脂組成物。
(6)(E)リン酸エステル化合物、ホスファゼン化合物、およびフォスファフェナントレン化合物から選ばれる一種以上のリン系化合物、および/または、(F)窒素化合物系難燃剤を含有し、(E)リン酸エステル化合物、ホスファゼン化合物、およびフォスファフェナントレン化合物から選ばれる一種以上のリン系化合物と、(F)窒素化合物系難燃剤の総計が、
(A)熱可塑性樹脂、(B)ホスフィン酸塩、ジホスフィン酸塩、ホスフィン酸塩のポリマー、または、ジホスフィン酸塩のポリマーから選ばれる少なくとも1種のホスフィン酸塩類、(C)前記式(1)で示される構造を有する化合物
の合計を100重量部としたとき、1.0〜25重量部である(1)〜(5)のいずれかに記載の難燃性熱可塑性樹脂組成物。
(7)(1)〜(6)のいずれかに記載の難燃性熱可塑性樹脂組成物を成形した成形品。
本発明は、(A)熱可塑性樹脂を65〜99重量%含有する難燃性熱可塑性樹脂組成物である。
本発明における(A)熱可塑性樹脂とは、ポリオレフィン系樹脂(低密度ポリエチレン樹脂、高密度ポリエチレン樹脂、ポリプロピレン樹脂)、ポリエステル樹脂、ポリアミド樹脂、ポリ乳酸などの脂肪族ポリエステル樹脂、ポリスチレン樹脂、ポリアセタール樹脂、芳香族および脂肪族ポリケトン樹脂、ポリフェニレンサルファイド樹脂、ポリエーテルエーテルケトン樹脂、ポリイミド樹脂、熱可塑性澱粉樹脂、ポリメタクリル酸メチル樹脂等のアクリル樹脂、スチレン系樹脂(ポリスチレン樹脂、アクリロニトリル/スチレン樹脂(AS樹脂)、アクリロニトリル/ブタジエン/スチレン樹脂(ABS樹脂)、アクリロニトリル/エチレン/スチレン樹脂(AES樹脂)、アクリロニトリル/アクリル/スチレン樹脂(AAS樹脂)、塩素化ポリエチレン/アクリロニトリル/スチレン樹脂(ACS樹脂))、ポリ塩化ビニル系樹脂、ポリ塩化ビニリデン樹脂、ビニルエステル系樹脂、メチルメタクリレート/スチレン(MS樹脂)、ポリカーボネート樹脂、ポリアリレート樹脂、ポリスルホン樹脂、ポリエーテルスルホン樹脂、フェノキシ樹脂、ポリフェニレンエーテル樹脂、ポリ−4−メチルペンテン−1、ポリエーテルイミド樹脂、ポリビニルアルコール樹脂および熱可塑性エラストマー(ポリエーテルエステルブロック共重合体やポリエステルエステルブロック共重合体などのポリエステルエラストマー、ポリエーテルエステルアミドブロック共重合体やポリエステルアミドブロック共重合体などのポリアミドエラストマー、ポリオレフィン系エラストマー)などを挙げることができる。ポリマーアロイ樹脂も用いることができ、例えば、ポリカーボネート樹脂とABS樹脂のポリマーアロイ樹脂、ポリエステル樹脂のポリブチレンテレフタレート樹脂とABS樹脂のポリマーアロイ樹脂およびポリアミド樹脂とABS樹脂のポリマーアロイ樹脂などを挙げることができる。
これらポリアミド樹脂の重合度は、試料濃度0.01g/mlの98%濃硫酸溶液中、25℃で測定した相対粘度として、1.5〜7.0の範囲のものが好ましく、特に2.0〜6.0の範囲のポリアミド樹脂が好ましい。
本発明におけるホスフィン酸塩とは、下記式(4)で示される化合物である。
本発明におけるジホスフィン酸塩とは、下記式(5)で示される化合物である。
本発明では、ホスフィン酸塩類として、上記のホスフィン酸塩のポリマー、または、ジホスフィン酸塩のポリマーを使用することができる。機械物性、金属に対する腐食性、溶融滞留安定性、流動性、難燃性などに優れるという点で、金属成分としては、アルミニウムが好ましく、具体的には、エチルメチルホスフィン酸アルミニウムまたはジエチルホスフィン酸アルミニウムが好ましく、ジエチルホスフィン酸アルミニウムがより好ましい。
ホスフィン酸塩類の市販品としては、クラリアントジャパン社の「Exolit」(登録商標)OP1230やOP1240などが挙げられる。また、同社からは、(B)成分と窒素含有化合物および/またはホウ素含有化合物などを含む混合物も市販されており、市販品の例としてはOP1312が挙げられ、いずれも好ましく用いることができる。
好ましくは、下記式(2)で示される化合物である。
Xは、窒素原子を有する複素環基であれば、いずれの複素環基でもよく、環を構成する原子として、窒素原子以外に、炭素原子、酸素原子、または、硫黄原子から選ばれる原子を1種または2種以上有するものである。機械物性、金属に対する腐食性、溶融滞留安定性、流動性、難燃性などに優れるという点で、環を構成する原子の数が、3〜14個であることが好ましく、5〜7個であることがより好ましい。また、飽和環、部分不飽和環、芳香族環基のいずれでもよく、それらを構成する環は、単環または縮合環のいずれでもよい。機械物性、金属に対する腐食性、溶融滞留安定性、流動性、難燃性などに優れるという点で、単環が好ましく、環構造としては、3員環〜14員環であることが好ましく、4員環〜7員環であることがより好ましく、5員環〜6員環であることがさらに好ましく、5員環であることが最も好ましい。
(B)成分のホスフィン酸塩類を含む難燃性熱可塑性樹脂組成物の課題である金属に対する腐食性を大幅に改善することができ、さらに溶融滞留安定性を大幅に改善することもできる。
化学構造式(3)で示される化合物
の市販品としては、(株)ADEKA社のCDA−1が挙げられる。また、同社からは、CDA−1と有機化合物からなるCDA−1Mも市販され、どちらも好ましく用いることができる。化学構造式(6)で示される化合物
の市販品としては、(株)ADEKA社のCDA−6が挙げられる。
本発明において、(C)前記式(1)で示される構造を有する化合物の
含有量は0.001〜0.70重量%であり、0.01〜0.50重量%が好ましく、0.10〜0.30重量%がより好ましい。含有量が、0.001重量%以上の場合は、金属に対する腐食性が大幅に改善され、含有量が、0.70重量%以下では、機械強度に優れ、高度な難燃性を維持した難燃性熱可塑性樹脂が得られる。なお、(A)〜(C)の総計は100重量%である。
本発明における(D)酸性リン酸エステル化合物とは、下記式(7)で示される構造を有する化合物である。すなわち、アルコール類とリン酸との部分エステル化合物の総称であり、リン酸の水素をアルキル基やアリール基などで一部を置換したもので、水酸基を持つ化合物である。また、形状は、低分子量のものは無色液体、高分子量のものは白色ロウ状、フレーク状固体である。
また、後述する(E)成分に含まれるリン酸エステル化合物は、リン酸の水素をアルキル基やアリール基などで置換したもので、水酸基を持たない化合物である。したがって、本発明(D)成分とは化学構造が異なり、その効果についても(D)成分とは区別して用いられる。
また、後述する耐熱エージング性を与える安定剤として好ましく用いられるホスファイト系酸化防止剤は、亜リン酸の水素をアルキル基やアリール基などを置換したもので、水酸基を持たない化合物である。したがって、本発明(D)成分とは化学構造が異なり、その効果についても(D)成分とは区別して用いられる。
前記のシリコーン系難燃剤とフェノール樹脂は、燃焼熱で成形品表面にシリコーン系難燃剤とフェノール樹脂が移動し、成形品表面から燃焼を防止する効果を有し、その配合量は、(A)(B)(C)100重量部に対し、好ましくは、0.05〜2.0重量部、より好ましくは0.1〜1.5重量部、さらにより好ましくは0.15〜1.0重量部であり、0.05重量部以上で良好な難燃性、2.0重量部以下で良好な機械特性が得られる。
前記のフッ素系樹脂とは、物質分子中にフッ素を含有する樹脂であり、具体的には、ポリテトラフルオロエチレン、ポリヘキサフルオロプロピレン、(テトラフルオロエチレン/ヘキサフルオロプロピレン)共重合体、(テトラフルオロエチレン/パーフルオロアルキルビニルエーテル)共重合体、(テトラフルオロエチレン/エチレン)共重合体、(ヘキサフルオロプロピレン/プロピレン)共重合体、ポリビニリデンフルオライド、(ビニリデンフルオライド/エチレン)共重合体などが挙げられるが、中でもポリテトラフルオロエチレン、(テトラフルオロエチレン/パーフルオロアルキルビニルエーテル)共重合体、(テトラフルオロエチレン/ヘキサフルオロプロピレン)共重合体、(テトラフルオロエチレン/エチレン)共重合体、ポリビニリデンフルオライドが好ましく、特にポリテトラフルオロエチレン、(テトラフルオロエチレン/エチレン)共重合体が好ましい。
ビニル系樹脂以外に衝撃強度を改善する樹脂としては、エチレン−プロピレン共重合体、エチレン−プロピレン−非共役ジエン共重合体、エチレン−ブテン−1共重合体、天然ゴム、チオコールゴム、多硫化ゴム、ポリエーテルゴム、エピクロロヒドリンゴムおよびエチレンに無水マレイン酸などの酸無水物、グリシジルメタクリレートおよびエポキシ化剤でエポキシ変性された変性オレフィン系樹脂などが挙げられ、更に、各種の架橋度を有するものや、各種のミクロ構造、例えばシス構造、トランス構造等を有するものなどが挙げられる。前記のエチレンに無水マレイン酸などの酸無水物、グリシジルメタクリレートおよびエポキシ化剤でエポキシ変性された変性オレフィン系樹脂としては、エチレン/グリシジルメタクリレート、エチレン/ブテン−1/無水マレイン酸、エチレン/プロピレン/無水マレイン酸、エチレン/無水マレイン酸およびエチレンに過酸化物などでエポキシ化させたエポキシ化オレフィン系樹脂などが具体例として挙げられ、市販品の例としては、住友化学(株)製“ボンドファースト”E(エチレン/グリシジルメタクリレート)、三井化学(株)製MH−5010やMH−5020(エチレン/ブテン−1/無水マレイン酸)などが挙げられ、ビニル系樹脂を併用配合してもしなくとも良い。特に、エチレン/ブテン−1/無水マレイン酸が衝撃強度を大きく改善するため、好ましく用いられる。
本発明においては、さらに耐加水分解性改良を目的に、オキサゾリン化合物、カルボジイミド変性イソシアネート化合物およびカルボジイミド化合物などを配合でき、単独で用いても良いが、前記のエポキシ化合物を超えない範囲の配合量で、エポキシ化合物と併用して用いることが好ましい。
原料として、以下のものを用いた。
<A−1>ポリブチレンテレフタレート樹脂、東レ(株)社製「トレコン」(登録商標)1401−X31固有粘度が0.80のPBTを用いた(以下、PBT樹脂と略す)。
<A−2>ナイロン6樹脂、東レ(株)社製「アミラン」(登録商標)CM1010を用いた(以下、ポリアミド樹脂と略す)。
<A−3>ポリブチレンテレフタレート/ポリテトラメチレングリコール共重合体、東レ・デュポン(株)社製「ハイトレル」(登録商標)5557(以下、ハイトレルと略す)。
<A−4>ポリカーボネート樹脂、帝人化成(株)社製「パンライト」(登録商標)L−1250Y(以下、PC樹脂と略す)。
<B−1>ジエチルホスフィン酸アルミニウム、クラリアントジャパン製「Exolit」(登録商標)OP1240を用いた(以下、OP−1240と略す)。
<B−2>ジエチルホスフィン酸アルミニウム
撹拌装置付き6L反応容器に水1kgを投入した後、ジエチルホスフィン酸ナトリウム0.55kg(3.82モル)を、撹拌しながら投入し、80℃に加熱した。そこへ、硫酸アルミニウム0.22kg(0.64モル)と水0.88kgの溶液を、激しく撹拌しながら投入し、80℃、 3時間撹拌しつつ反応させた。反応物を吸引濾過した後、熱水2.5Lで洗浄し、120℃で減圧乾燥させ、固化物を粉砕し、白色粉末としてジエチルホスフィン酸アルミニウム450gを得た。元素分析の結果、リン含有量は23.6%(計算値23.8%)、アルミニウム含有量は7.0%(計算値6.9%)であった。
<B−3>エチルメチルホスフィン酸アルミニウム
撹拌装置付き3L反応容器に水1.5kgを投入した後、エチルメチルホスフィン酸520g(4.8モル)を、撹拌しながら投入し溶解させた。水酸化アルミニウム125g(1.6モル)を、激しく撹拌しながら投入し、85℃、60時間撹拌しつつ反応させた。60℃に冷却した反応物を吸引濾過した後、130℃で減圧乾燥させ、固化物を粉砕し、白色粉末としてエチルメチルホスフィン酸アルミニウム520gを得た。元素分析の結果、リン含有量は26.5%(計算値26.7%)、アルミニウム含有量は7.9%(計算値7.8%)であった。
<B−4>エチルメチルホスフィン酸亜鉛
撹拌装置付き1L反応容器に、エチルメチルホスフィン酸270g(2.50モル)、酸化亜鉛102g(1.25mol)および酢酸300gを投入した後、100℃で2時間撹拌し、透明な溶液を得た。続いて、蒸留により酢酸を除去した後、生成した反応混合物を130℃で真空乾燥させ、固化した後、粉砕して白色粉末として、エチルメチルホスフィン酸亜鉛350g(融点205℃)を得た。元素分析の結果、リン含有量は22.0%(計算値22.1%)、亜鉛含有量は23.5%(計算値23.4%)であった。
<D−1>長鎖アルキルアシッドホスフェート化合物、(株)ADEKA社製「アデカスタブ」AX−71を用いた(以下、AX−71と略す)。
<E−1>リン酸エステル化合物、大八化学工業(株)社製トリフェニルホスフェートを用いた(以下、リン酸エステル化合物、トリフェニルホスフェートと略す)。
<E−2>リン酸エステル化合物、大八化学工業(株)社製縮合リン酸エステル化合物“PX−200”を用いた(以下、リン酸エステル化合物、PX−200と略す)。
<E−3>ホスファゼン化合物、(株)伏見製薬所製「ラビトル」(登録商標)FP−110を用いた(以下、ホスファゼン化合物と略す)。
<E−4>フォスファフェナントレン化合物、三光(株)社製M−Esterを用いた(以下、フォスファフェナントレン化合物と略す)。
<F−1>含窒素複素環化合物のトリアジン系化合物とシアヌール酸またはイソシアヌール酸との塩、日産化学工業(株)社製“MC−4000”を用いた(以下、MCAと略す)。
<F−2>含窒素複素環化合物のポリリン酸メラミン、DSM社製「MELAPUR」(登録商標)200を用いた(以下、ポリリン酸メラミンと略す)。
<G−1>3つ以上の官能基を有する多官能性化合物、ポリオキシエチレンペンタエリスリトール、日本乳化剤(株)社製PNT−60U(分子量400、1官能基当たりのアルキレンオキシド(エチレンオキシド)単位数1.5を用いた(以下、多価アルコールと略す)。
<G−2>ビニル系樹脂、スチレン/アクリロニトリル/グリシジルメタクリレート=70/29.5/0.5重量%のエポキシ変性AS樹脂(以下、エポキシ化ASと略す)。
<G−3>ビニル系樹脂以外の樹脂、エチレン/ブテン−1/無水マレイン酸共重合体、三井化学(株)製「タフマー」(登録商標)MH−5020を用いた(以下、MH−5020と略す)。
<G−4>フッ素系樹脂、ポリテトラフルオロエチレン、三井・デュポンフロロケミカル(株)社製「テフロン」(登録商標)6−Jを用いた(以下、フッ素系樹脂と略す)。
<G−5>繊維強化材、繊維径約10μmのチョップドストランド状のガラス繊維、日東紡績(株)社製“CS3J948”を用いた(以下、GFと略す)。
<H−1>ヒンダードフェノール系酸化防止剤、テトラキス[メチレン−3−(3’,5’−ジ−t−ブチル−4’−ヒドロキシフェニル)プロピオネート]メタン、チバ社製「IRGANOX」(登録商標)1010を用いた(以下、IR−1010と略す)。
<H−2>紫外線吸収剤、2−(5−メチル−2−ヒドロキシフェニル)ベンゾトリアゾール、チバ社製「TINUVIN」(登録商標)Pを用いた(以下、TI−Pと略す)。
<H−3>光安定剤、2−(3,5−t−ブチル−4−ヒドロキシベンジル)−2−n−ブチルマロン酸ビス(1,2,2,6,6−ペンタメチル−4−ピペリジル)、チバ社製「TINUVIN」(登録商標)144を用いた(以下、TI−144と略す)。
<H−4>金属不活性剤、N,N’−ビス{3−(3.5−ジ−t−ブチル−4−ヒドロキシフェニル)プロピオニル}ヒドロジン、チバ社製「IRGANOX」 (登録商標)MD1024を用いた(以下、MD1024と略す)。
<H−5>ホスファイト系酸化防止剤、トリス(2,4−ジ−t−ブチルフェニル)ホスファイト、チバ社製「IRGAFOS」 (登録商標)168を用いた(以下、IR−168と略す)。
<H−6>メラミン、和光純薬工業(株)社製試薬を用いた。
<H−7>金属酸化物、酸化マグネシウム、和光純薬工業(株)社製試薬を用いた。
[各特性の測定方法]
本実施例、比較例においては以下に記載する測定方法によって、その特性を評価した。
東芝機械製IS55EPN射出成形機を用いて、成形温度270℃、金型温度80℃の温度条件、射出時間と保圧時間は合わせて10秒、冷却時間10秒の成形サイクル条件で試験片厚み1/8インチ(約3.2mm)厚みのASTM1号ダンベルの引張物性評価用試験片を得た。前記の機械強度評価用試験片を用い、ASTMD638(2005年)に従い、引張強度と伸びを測定し、値は3本の測定値の平均値とした。
東芝機械製IS55EPN射出成形機を用いて、成形温度270℃、金型温度80℃の条件で1/16” (約1.59mm)厚みと1/32インチ(約0.79mm)厚みの燃焼試験片を得た。
前記の燃焼試験片を用い、UL94垂直試験に定められている評価基準に従い、難燃性を評価した。難燃性はV−0>V−1>V−2の順に低下しランク付けされる。また、燃焼性に劣り上記のV−2に達せず、上記の難燃性ランクに該当しなかった材料は規格外とした。
また、燃焼試験時において、第1接炎後と第2接炎後の燃焼試験片が熱で溶融して試験片の一部が落下するか落下しないかを観察し、落下しない材料をノンドリップと評価した。
ガラス製フタ付き60mmφのガラス製シャーレに約10gの難燃性熱可塑性樹脂組成物のペレットを入れ、さらにペレットの上に25mmφのガラス製時計皿を乗せ、さらにガラス製時計皿の上に縦10mm、横20mm、厚み1mmの銅板を乗せ、さらに前記のガラス製フタをした物をサンプルとした。前記のサンプルを270℃に温調されたタバイエスペック(株)製ギヤオーブンGPHH−200に3h投入し、サンプルを室温まで冷却後、サンプル内の銅板の腐食状態を目視で観察を行った。判定方法としては、銅板は腐食されることにより、銅のサビである緑青の発生により緑色に変色するため、緑色の変色が観察される場合は、腐食ありと判断した。
東芝機械製IS55EPN射出成形機を用いて、成形温度270℃、金型温度80℃の条件で1/8インチ(約3.2mm)厚みのアイゾット衝撃試験片の射出成形を行い、ASTM D256−05に従い、ノッチ無しのアイゾット衝撃強度を測定し、値は7本の測定値の平均値とした。アイゾット衝撃強度が大きいほど耐衝撃性に優れる。
東芝機械製IS55EPN射出成形機を用いて、成形温度270℃、金型温度80℃の条件で射出成形された80mm×80mm×厚み3mmの角板を試料とし、IEC Publication112規格に示されている試験方法に従い、電解質液として0.1%塩化アンモニウム水溶液を30±5秒毎に滴下していき、破壊に至るまでの電解質液滴下数と印加電圧をプロットして50滴で破壊する印加電圧をグラフから読みとり、この数値を相対トラッキング指数(V)とした。相対トラッキング指数が大きいほど耐トラッキング性に優れる。
上記1の引張物性において、東芝機械製IS55EPN射出成形機を用いてASTM1号ダンベルを得る際、成形品が金型内で充填される最低下限圧力を求めて比較した。最低下限圧力が低いほど流動性に優れる。
ASTM D1238−00に従い、ペレットを用い、測定温度270℃、荷重21.2N、滞留時間5分(MFR5分)および滞留時間30分(MFR30分)として測定した。MFR30分をMFR5分で割った商をMFR変化率とした。MFR変化率が小さいほど滞留安定性に優れる。
スクリュー径30mm、L/D35の同方向回転ベント付き2軸押出機(日本製鋼所製、TEX−30α)を用いて、(A)熱可塑性樹脂と、(B)ホスフィン酸塩類、および、(C)前記式(1)で示される構造を有する化合物、
および必要に応じて、各種添加剤などを表1〜表6に示した配合組成で混合し、2軸押出機の元込め部から添加した。なお、繊維強化材の<G−5>のガラス繊維は、元込め部とベント部の途中にサイドフィーダーを設置して添加した。さらに、混練温度270℃、スクリュー回転150rpmの押出条件で溶融混合を行い、ストランド状に吐出し、冷却バスを通し、ストランドカッターによりペレット化した。得られたペレットを110℃の熱風乾燥機で6時間乾燥後、東芝機械製IS55EPN射出成形機を用い、各種成形品を得た。さらに、前記の測定方法で種々の値を測定し、表1〜表6にその結果を示した。
を含有することにより、難燃性と物性を維持しながら、金属を腐食させない難燃性熱可塑性樹脂組成物であると言える。 また、(C)の化合物を特定範囲以上に含有した比較例2は、金属を腐食させないものの、引張物性が半減し、物性を大きく損なう難燃性熱可塑性樹脂組成物であると言える。 また、(C)の化合物に替えて、公知の添加剤を配合した表2の比較例4〜10は、いずれも腐食が観察され、公知の添加剤では金属の腐食性が改善されず、(C)の化合物の特異的な効果と言える。
Claims (7)
- (A)熱可塑性樹脂が、ポリエステル樹脂、ポリアミド樹脂、ポリカーボネート樹脂から選ばれる少なくとも一種である請求項1または2に記載の難燃性熱可塑性樹脂組成物。
- 熱処理温度270℃、熱処理時間3時間の熱処理において、金属を腐食させない性質を有する請求項1〜3のいずれかに記載の難燃性熱可塑性樹脂組成物。
- さらに、(A)(B)(C)100重量部に対し、(D)酸性リン酸エステル化合物0.01〜1.0重量部を含有してなる請求項1〜4のいずれかに記載の難燃性熱可塑性樹脂組成物。
- (E)リン酸エステル化合物、ホスファゼン化合物、およびフォスファフェナントレン化合物から選ばれる一種以上のリン系化合物、および/または、(F)窒素化合物系難燃剤を含有し、(E)リン酸エステル化合物、ホスファゼン化合物、およびフォスファフェナントレン化合物から選ばれる一種以上のリン系化合物と、(F)窒素化合物系難燃剤の総計が、(A)熱可塑性樹脂、(B)ホスフィン酸塩、ジホスフィン酸塩、ホスフィン酸塩のポリマー、または、ジホスフィン酸塩のポリマーから選ばれる少なくとも1種のホスフィン酸塩類、(C)前記式(1)で示される構造を有する化合物の合計を100重量部としたとき、1.0〜25重量部である請求項1〜5のいずれかに記載の難燃性熱可塑性樹脂組成物。
- 請求項1〜6のいずれかに記載の難燃性熱可塑性樹脂組成物を成形した成形品。
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KR102600073B1 (ko) * | 2015-11-13 | 2023-11-08 | 이엠에스-패턴트 에이지 | 향상된 성질을 갖는 폴리케톤 성형 조성물, 이로부터 제조되는 성형체 및 이들의 제조방법 |
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JPWO2011007687A1 (ja) | 2012-12-27 |
WO2011007687A1 (ja) | 2011-01-20 |
TWI482809B (zh) | 2015-05-01 |
CN102307947B (zh) | 2014-06-25 |
US8575246B2 (en) | 2013-11-05 |
US20110275743A1 (en) | 2011-11-10 |
EP2455427A1 (en) | 2012-05-23 |
EP2455427B1 (en) | 2013-09-25 |
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