JP5602435B2 - メゾ及びマクロ孔隙率を有する活性炭に基づく吸着剤 - Google Patents
メゾ及びマクロ孔隙率を有する活性炭に基づく吸着剤 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5602435B2 JP5602435B2 JP2009553024A JP2009553024A JP5602435B2 JP 5602435 B2 JP5602435 B2 JP 5602435B2 JP 2009553024 A JP2009553024 A JP 2009553024A JP 2009553024 A JP2009553024 A JP 2009553024A JP 5602435 B2 JP5602435 B2 JP 5602435B2
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- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 128
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 title claims description 117
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 102
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 50
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 claims description 49
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 39
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 25
- 229960000907 methylthioninium chloride Drugs 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7553-56-2 Chemical compound [I] ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011630 iodine Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- RBTBFTRPCNLSDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,7-bis(dimethylamino)phenothiazin-5-ium Chemical compound C1=CC(N(C)C)=CC2=[S+]C3=CC(N(C)C)=CC=C3N=C21 RBTBFTRPCNLSDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 235000013871 bee wax Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 239000012166 beeswax Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000001994 activation Methods 0.000 description 44
- CXKWCBBOMKCUKX-UHFFFAOYSA-M methylene blue Chemical compound [Cl-].C1=CC(N(C)C)=CC2=[S+]C3=CC(N(C)C)=CC=C3N=C21 CXKWCBBOMKCUKX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 24
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 22
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 22
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 21
- 235000013379 molasses Nutrition 0.000 description 16
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 description 13
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 11
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 9
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- MYRTYDVEIRVNKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-Divinylbenzene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1C=C MYRTYDVEIRVNKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000012086 standard solution Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
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- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 5
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 5
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 4
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L sulfate group Chemical group S(=O)(=O)([O-])[O-] QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000004438 BET method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000001273 butane Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004042 decolorization Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 3
- IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-butane Chemical compound CCCC IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-pentane Natural products CCCCC OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 3
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bisulfite Chemical compound OS([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 2
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010426 asphalt Substances 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000001045 blue dye Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003456 ion exchange resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920003303 ion-exchange polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 2
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- HIFJUMGIHIZEPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfuric acid;sulfur trioxide Chemical compound O=S(=O)=O.OS(O)(=O)=O HIFJUMGIHIZEPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten carbide Chemical compound [W+]#[C-] UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QWFMDSOYEQHWMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3-bis(ethenyl)benzenesulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC(C=C)=C1C=C QWFMDSOYEQHWMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical class [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 244000060011 Cocos nucifera Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000013162 Cocos nucifera Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000006057 Non-nutritive feed additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 244000088415 Raphanus sativus Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000006140 Raphanus sativus var sativus Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- CKUAXEQHGKSLHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N [C].[N] Chemical class [C].[N] CKUAXEQHGKSLHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002835 absorbance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007605 air drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002802 bituminous coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004061 bleaching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940026110 carbon dioxide / nitrogen Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910002090 carbon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011294 coal tar pitch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013065 commercial product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000032798 delamination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002274 desiccant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000005442 diisocyanate group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003651 drinking water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020188 drinking water Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000005338 frosted glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005337 ground glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000013067 intermediate product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001678 irradiating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019645 odor Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920000620 organic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003415 peat Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008194 pharmaceutical composition Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011295 pitch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000614 poison Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010561 standard procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)=O BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000006277 sulfonation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000057 synthetic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000012085 test solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003440 toxic substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011800 void material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004580 weight loss Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
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Images
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K33/00—Medicinal preparations containing inorganic active ingredients
- A61K33/44—Elemental carbon, e.g. charcoal, carbon black
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- B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
- B01J20/20—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising free carbon; comprising carbon obtained by carbonising processes
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L9/00—Disinfection, sterilisation or deodorisation of air
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- B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
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- B01J20/28069—Pore volume, e.g. total pore volume, mesopore volume, micropore volume
- B01J20/28076—Pore volume, e.g. total pore volume, mesopore volume, micropore volume being more than 1.0 ml/g
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- B01J20/28078—Pore diameter
- B01J20/28085—Pore diameter being more than 50 nm, i.e. macropores
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B32/00—Carbon; Compounds thereof
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- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
- C02F1/283—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using coal, charred products, or inorganic mixtures containing them
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02C—CAPTURE, STORAGE, SEQUESTRATION OR DISPOSAL OF GREENHOUSE GASES [GHG]
- Y02C20/00—Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases
- Y02C20/40—Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases of CO2
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Nanotechnology (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
- Carbon And Carbon Compounds (AREA)
- Coloring Foods And Improving Nutritive Qualities (AREA)
- General Preparation And Processing Of Foods (AREA)
- Medicinal Preparation (AREA)
- Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
- Water Treatment By Sorption (AREA)
Description
ミクロポア:孔径micropores≧2nm
メゾポア:2nm<孔径mesopores≦50nm
マクロポア: 孔径macropres>50nm
・ 前記高性能吸着剤の総孔隙量の少なくとも55%を有する2nmより大きい孔径を有する孔によって形成される孔隙量分率(例えば、メゾ及びマクロ孔隙量分率)(このパラメータは、総孔隙量に関して外側孔隙量の分率として交換可能に参照される)。
・ 2.5nmより大きい平均孔径の寸法。
・ 少なくとも1250m2/gのBET表面積。
・ 高性能吸着剤の総孔隙量の少なくとも55%からなる2nmより大きい孔径を有する孔によって形成される孔隙量分率、
・ 2.5nmより大きい平均孔径の測定値、
・ 少なくとも1250m2/gのBET表面積、
・ 少なくとも15mlのメチレンブルー値、
・ 少なくとも300の糖蜜数。
Claims (2)
- 0.01〜2.0mmの範囲内に平均粒子径を有する独立した粒形状の活性炭に基づいた吸着剤において、
該吸着剤の総孔隙量の70%〜85%が2nmより大きい孔径を有する孔によって形成されること、
該吸着剤が、2.5〜7.5nmの範囲内に平均孔径を有すること、
該吸着剤が、1250〜2800m2/gの範囲内のBET表面積を有すること、
該吸着剤が、1.0〜3.5cm3/gの範囲内のグルビッチ法によって測定された総孔隙量を有すること、
該吸着剤において、2nmより大きい孔径を有する孔によって形成された細孔表面積のカーボンブラック法による測定結果が、該吸着剤の合計細孔表面積の10〜50%の範囲内であること、
該吸着剤が、1250〜2100mg/gの範囲内のヨウ素価を有すること、
該吸着剤が、15〜60ミリリットルの範囲内のメチレンブルー値を有すること、
該吸着剤が、300〜1400の範囲内の蜜糖数を有すること、
該吸着剤が、5〜50ニュートンの範囲内の活性炭の粒当たりの破裂強度を有すること、且つ、
該吸着剤が、CEFIC法によって測定される時に100%の摩耗抵抗率を有していることを特徴とする吸着剤。 - 請求項1記載の活性炭を製造する方法であって、該方法が、炭素質の開始材料を処理する方法において、
炭素質の開始材料が、スルホン化スチレン−ジビニルベンゼンコポリマーを具備すること、
前記開始材料が、最初に、300〜850℃の範囲内の温度で、0.5〜6時間の間炭化され、それに続いて活性化されること、
この活性化が、炭化された開始材料が水蒸気を具備する雰囲気において実行される第1の活性化段階と、それに続いて二酸化炭素を具備する雰囲気において実行される第2の活性化段階とからなる2つの段階で実行されること、
前記第1の活性化段階は、700〜1300℃の温度で、5〜24時間の間実行されること、
第1の活性化段階の雰囲気は、水蒸気からなり、水蒸気の使用量が、水蒸気の他に活性ガスを含まない純水蒸気の量に基づいて25〜350m3/hであり、且つ、水蒸気の質量ベースの使用量が、水蒸気で活性化される開始材料の質量に基づいて水として換算した場合、0.01〜50リットル/(h・Kg)であること、
前記第2の活性化段階は、700〜1300℃の温度で、1〜10時間の間で実行されること、且つ、
第2の活性化段階の雰囲気は、二酸化炭素からなり、純二酸化炭素の使用量に基づく二酸化炭素の使用量が、10〜250m3/hであり、且つ、二酸化炭素の質量ベースの使用量が、二酸化炭素で活性化される開始材料の質量に基づき且つ活性化条件下で、使用される純気体二酸化炭素の使用量として換算した場合、0.001〜100m3/(h・Kg)であることを特徴とする製造方法。
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PCT/EP2008/000606 WO2008110233A1 (de) | 2007-03-14 | 2008-01-25 | Hochleistungsadsorbentien auf der basis von aktivkohle mit hoher meso- und makroporosität |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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IL200799A0 (en) | 2010-05-17 |
EP2134464B1 (de) | 2014-04-16 |
CN101668587A (zh) | 2010-03-10 |
IL200799A (en) | 2013-06-27 |
WO2008110233A1 (de) | 2008-09-18 |
RU2426591C2 (ru) | 2011-08-20 |
KR20090118063A (ko) | 2009-11-17 |
US20180125886A1 (en) | 2018-05-10 |
EP2134464A1 (de) | 2009-12-23 |
US10532071B2 (en) | 2020-01-14 |
JP2010520806A (ja) | 2010-06-17 |
DE202007014890U1 (de) | 2008-04-17 |
US20120172216A1 (en) | 2012-07-05 |
KR101096545B1 (ko) | 2011-12-20 |
CN101668587B (zh) | 2012-07-18 |
DE102007050971B4 (de) | 2014-12-31 |
DE102007050971A1 (de) | 2008-09-18 |
RU2009137920A (ru) | 2011-04-20 |
ES2470616T3 (es) | 2014-06-24 |
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