JP5584114B2 - ヒドロクロロフルオロオレフィンの発泡剤組成物 - Google Patents
ヒドロクロロフルオロオレフィンの発泡剤組成物 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5584114B2 JP5584114B2 JP2010501242A JP2010501242A JP5584114B2 JP 5584114 B2 JP5584114 B2 JP 5584114B2 JP 2010501242 A JP2010501242 A JP 2010501242A JP 2010501242 A JP2010501242 A JP 2010501242A JP 5584114 B2 JP5584114 B2 JP 5584114B2
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- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 67
- 239000004604 Blowing Agent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- FDMFUZHCIRHGRG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,3,3-trifluoroprop-1-ene Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C=C FDMFUZHCIRHGRG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- LDTMPQQAWUMPKS-OWOJBTEDSA-N (e)-1-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoroprop-1-ene Chemical compound FC(F)(F)\C=C\Cl LDTMPQQAWUMPKS-OWOJBTEDSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000004088 foaming agent Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 claims description 11
- LVGUZGTVOIAKKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane Chemical compound FCC(F)(F)F LVGUZGTVOIAKKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-pentane Natural products CCCCC OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000012815 thermoplastic material Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- FXRLMCRCYDHQFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene Chemical compound FC(=C)C(F)(F)F FXRLMCRCYDHQFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000001335 aliphatic alkanes Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002216 antistatic agent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001273 butane Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-butane Chemical compound CCCC IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 7
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 4
- ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Butanone Chemical compound CCC(C)=O ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 3
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 3
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 3
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical group CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- RGSFGYAAUTVSQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyclopentane Chemical compound C1CCCC1 RGSFGYAAUTVSQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- LCGLNKUTAGEVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethyl ether Chemical group COC LCGLNKUTAGEVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butanol Chemical compound CCCCO LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical group CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- QWTDNUCVQCZILF-UHFFFAOYSA-N isopentane Chemical compound CCC(C)C QWTDNUCVQCZILF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 claims 2
- NMRPBPVERJPACX-UHFFFAOYSA-N (3S)-octan-3-ol Natural products CCCCCC(O)CC NMRPBPVERJPACX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- YIWUKEYIRIRTPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethylhexan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)CO YIWUKEYIRIRTPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229920001503 Glucan Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- XOBKSJJDNFUZPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methoxyethane Chemical compound CCOC XOBKSJJDNFUZPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 claims 1
- AFABGHUZZDYHJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl butane Natural products CCCC(C)C AFABGHUZZDYHJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- DMEGYFMYUHOHGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N heptamethylene Natural products C1CCCCCC1 DMEGYFMYUHOHGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229960004592 isopropanol Drugs 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCO BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004034 viscosity adjusting agent Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 11
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 26
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 17
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 16
- RWRIWBAIICGTTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N difluoromethane Chemical compound FCF RWRIWBAIICGTTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- OQISUJXQFPPARX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoroprop-1-ene Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C(Cl)=C OQISUJXQFPPARX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 9
- NPNPZTNLOVBDOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-difluoroethane Chemical compound CC(F)F NPNPZTNLOVBDOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- DYLIWHYUXAJDOJ-OWOJBTEDSA-N (e)-4-(6-aminopurin-9-yl)but-2-en-1-ol Chemical compound NC1=NC=NC2=C1N=CN2C\C=C\CO DYLIWHYUXAJDOJ-OWOJBTEDSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000002952 polymeric resin Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000011342 resin composition Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- UJPMYEOUBPIPHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1-trifluoroethane Chemical compound CC(F)(F)F UJPMYEOUBPIPHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- BHNZEZWIUMJCGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-chloro-1,1-difluoroethane Chemical compound CC(F)(F)Cl BHNZEZWIUMJCGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ozone Chemical compound [O-][O+]=O CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propene Chemical class CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000010923 batch production Methods 0.000 description 3
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002667 nucleating agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- GTLACDSXYULKMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentafluoroethane Chemical compound FC(F)C(F)(F)F GTLACDSXYULKMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- CDOOAUSHHFGWSA-OWOJBTEDSA-N (e)-1,3,3,3-tetrafluoroprop-1-ene Chemical compound F\C=C\C(F)(F)F CDOOAUSHHFGWSA-OWOJBTEDSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OHMHBGPWCHTMQE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2-dichloro-1,1,1-trifluoroethane Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C(Cl)Cl OHMHBGPWCHTMQE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004594 Masterbatch (MB) Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920005830 Polyurethane Foam Polymers 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 2
- KYKAJFCTULSVSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloro(fluoro)methane Chemical compound F[C]Cl KYKAJFCTULSVSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010924 continuous production Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009778 extrusion testing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 2
- MSSNHSVIGIHOJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentafluoropropane Chemical compound FC(F)CC(F)(F)F MSSNHSVIGIHOJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920005990 polystyrene resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000011496 polyurethane foam Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- GRPTWLLWXYXFLX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,2,2,3,3-hexabromocyclodecane Chemical compound BrC1(Br)CCCCCCCC(Br)(Br)C1(Br)Br GRPTWLLWXYXFLX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LFMIQNJMJJKICW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,2-trichloro-2-fluoroethene Chemical compound FC(Cl)=C(Cl)Cl LFMIQNJMJJKICW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FPBWSPZHCJXUBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-chloro-1-fluoroethene Chemical class FC(Cl)=C FPBWSPZHCJXUBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012935 Averaging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004156 Azodicarbonamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XOZUGNYVDXMRKW-AATRIKPKSA-N azodicarbonamide Chemical compound NC(=O)\N=N\C(N)=O XOZUGNYVDXMRKW-AATRIKPKSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019399 azodicarbonamide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000002902 bimodal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002666 chemical blowing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- UUAGAQFQZIEFAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorotrifluoroethylene Chemical compound FC(F)=C(F)Cl UUAGAQFQZIEFAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000015165 citric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000779 depleting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- QDGONURINHVBEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N dichlorodifluoroethylene Chemical compound FC(F)=C(Cl)Cl QDGONURINHVBEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003292 diminished effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010828 elution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007888 film coating Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009501 film coating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019000 fluorine Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000001153 fluoro group Chemical group F* 0.000 description 1
- 210000000497 foam cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000001030 gas--liquid chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009477 glass transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000008282 halocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004619 high density foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004620 low density foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005056 polyisocyanate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001228 polyisocyanate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- 238000001812 pycnometry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229930195734 saturated hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 238000001878 scanning electron micrograph Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- WXMKPNITSTVMEF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium benzoate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 WXMKPNITSTVMEF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000004299 sodium benzoate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010234 sodium benzoate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000017557 sodium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930195735 unsaturated hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/04—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent
- C08J9/12—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a physical blowing agent
- C08J9/14—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a physical blowing agent organic
- C08J9/143—Halogen containing compounds
- C08J9/144—Halogen containing compounds containing carbon, halogen and hydrogen only
- C08J9/146—Halogen containing compounds containing carbon, halogen and hydrogen only only fluorine as halogen atoms
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/04—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent
- C08J9/12—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a physical blowing agent
- C08J9/14—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a physical blowing agent organic
- C08J9/149—Mixtures of blowing agents covered by more than one of the groups C08J9/141 - C08J9/143
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2203/00—Foams characterized by the expanding agent
- C08J2203/16—Unsaturated hydrocarbons
- C08J2203/162—Halogenated unsaturated hydrocarbons, e.g. H2C=CF2
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2203/00—Foams characterized by the expanding agent
- C08J2203/18—Binary blends of expanding agents
- C08J2203/182—Binary blends of expanding agents of physical blowing agents, e.g. acetone and butane
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2203/00—Foams characterized by the expanding agent
- C08J2203/20—Ternary blends of expanding agents
- C08J2203/202—Ternary blends of expanding agents of physical blowing agents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2205/00—Foams characterised by their properties
- C08J2205/04—Foams characterised by their properties characterised by the foam pores
- C08J2205/05—Open cells, i.e. more than 50% of the pores are open
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/249921—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component
- Y10T428/249953—Composite having voids in a component [e.g., porous, cellular, etc.]
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Porous Articles, And Recovery And Treatment Of Waste Products (AREA)
Description
Hadj Romdhane,Ilyess(1994)「Polymer−Solvent Diffusion and Equilibrium Parameters by Inverse Gas−Liquid Chromatography」PhD Dissertation,Dept.of Chem.Eng.,Penn State University and Hong SU,Albouy A,Duda JL(1999)「Measurement and Prediction of Blowing Agent Solubility in Polystyrene at Supercritical Conditions」Cell Polym 18(5):301−313に記載のように、キャピラリーカラム逆ガスクロマトグラフィー(cc−IGC)を用いて、ポリスチレン樹脂における気体の溶解性および拡散係数を測定した。
バレル内径27mm、バレル長さ40直径を有する逆回転二軸スクリュー押出機を使用して、ポリスチレン押出発泡体を製造した。スクリューデザインは、発泡用途に適していた。押出機バレル内の圧力は歯車ポンプで制御し、押出機内で発泡剤が溶解するように十分に高く設定した。実施例11〜12、14〜16、19〜20、比較例9〜10、13、17〜18の押出ダイは、ギャップ幅6.35mmを有する調節可能なリップスロットダイであった。比較例1では、ダイは、ランド長さ1mmを有する直径2mmのストランドダイであった。2種類のグレードの汎用ポリスチレンを押出し成形試験に使用し、速度2.27または4.54kg/時(5または10lb/時)で押出機に供給した。高圧送達ポンプを使用して、制御速度でポリスチレン樹脂溶融物に発泡剤をポンプで注入した。押出機内で発泡剤を混合し、樹脂溶融物に溶解して、発泡性樹脂組成物を生成する。その発泡性樹脂組成物を適切な発泡温度に冷却し、次いでダイから押出し成形し、そこで圧力の低下により発泡が開始される。核剤としてタルクを使用し、ポリスチレンと予めブレンドし、ポリスチレン中タルク50重量%のマスターバッチを生成した。このマスターバッチのビーズをポリスチレンペレットと混合し、各実験においてタルク0.5重量%を達成した。
Claims (13)
- 1−クロロ−3,3,3−トリフルオロプロペンであるヒドロクロロフルオロオレフィンと、
HFC−134a(1,1,1,2−テトラフルオロエタン)、HFO−1234yf(2,3,3,3−テトラフルオロプロペン)及びHFO−1243zf(3,3,3−トリフルオロプロペン)から選択される共発泡剤と
を含む、熱可塑性材料の発泡のための発泡剤組成物。
- アルカン、二酸化炭素、大気ガス、不活性ガス、およびそれらの混合物から選択された第2の共発泡剤をさらに含む、請求項1に記載の発泡剤組成物。
- 前記1−クロロ−3,3,3−トリフルオロプロペンが、75重量%を超えるトランス異性体を含有する、請求項1に記載の発泡剤組成物。
- 前記アルカンが、プロパン、ブタン、ペンタン、ヘキサン、またはそれらの混合物から選択される、請求項2に記載の発泡剤組成物。
- 前記ペンタンが、n−ペンタン、シクロペンタン、イソ−ペンタンまたはそれらの混合物から選択される、請求項4に記載の発泡剤組成物。
- アルコールをさらに含む、請求項2に記載の発泡剤組成物。
- 前記アルコールが、エタノール、イソ−プロパノール、プロパノール、ブタノール、エチルヘキサノール、メタノール、またはそれらの混合物から選択される、請求項6に記載の発泡剤組成物。
- エーテルをさらに含む、請求項2に記載の発泡剤組成物。
- 前記エーテルが、ジメチルエーテル、ジエチルエーテル、メチルエチルエーテル、またはそれらの混合物から選択される、請求項8に記載の発泡剤組成物。
- ケトンをさらに含む、請求項2に記載の発泡剤組成物。
- 前記ケトンが、アセトン、メチルエチルケトン、およびそれらの混合物から選択される、請求項10に記載の発泡剤組成物。
- 前記熱可塑性材料が、ポリスチレン、ポリエチレン、ポリプロピレン、またはそれらの混合物から選択される、請求項1に記載の熱可塑性材料の発泡のための発泡剤組成物。
- 染料、顔料、気泡制御剤、充填剤、酸化防止剤、押出し成形助剤、安定剤、帯電防止剤、難燃剤、赤外線減衰剤、断熱性添加剤、可塑剤、粘度調整剤、耐衝撃性改良剤、気体遮断樹脂、カーボンブラック、界面活性剤、およびそれらの混合物をさらに含む、請求項1に記載の発泡剤組成物。
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