JP5476402B2 - スタビリンクおよびその製造方法 - Google Patents
スタビリンクおよびその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5476402B2 JP5476402B2 JP2012031492A JP2012031492A JP5476402B2 JP 5476402 B2 JP5476402 B2 JP 5476402B2 JP 2012031492 A JP2012031492 A JP 2012031492A JP 2012031492 A JP2012031492 A JP 2012031492A JP 5476402 B2 JP5476402 B2 JP 5476402B2
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- ball
- ring member
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- ball seat
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 25
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 51
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 50
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002788 crimping Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920006324 polyoxymethylene Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229930182556 Polyacetal Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
- B60G21/00—Interconnection systems for two or more resiliently-suspended wheels, e.g. for stabilising a vehicle body with respect to acceleration, deceleration or centrifugal forces
- B60G21/02—Interconnection systems for two or more resiliently-suspended wheels, e.g. for stabilising a vehicle body with respect to acceleration, deceleration or centrifugal forces permanently interconnected
- B60G21/04—Interconnection systems for two or more resiliently-suspended wheels, e.g. for stabilising a vehicle body with respect to acceleration, deceleration or centrifugal forces permanently interconnected mechanically
- B60G21/05—Interconnection systems for two or more resiliently-suspended wheels, e.g. for stabilising a vehicle body with respect to acceleration, deceleration or centrifugal forces permanently interconnected mechanically between wheels on the same axle but on different sides of the vehicle, i.e. the left and right wheel suspensions being interconnected
- B60G21/055—Stabiliser bars
- B60G21/0551—Mounting means therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
- B60G21/00—Interconnection systems for two or more resiliently-suspended wheels, e.g. for stabilising a vehicle body with respect to acceleration, deceleration or centrifugal forces
- B60G21/02—Interconnection systems for two or more resiliently-suspended wheels, e.g. for stabilising a vehicle body with respect to acceleration, deceleration or centrifugal forces permanently interconnected
- B60G21/04—Interconnection systems for two or more resiliently-suspended wheels, e.g. for stabilising a vehicle body with respect to acceleration, deceleration or centrifugal forces permanently interconnected mechanically
- B60G21/05—Interconnection systems for two or more resiliently-suspended wheels, e.g. for stabilising a vehicle body with respect to acceleration, deceleration or centrifugal forces permanently interconnected mechanically between wheels on the same axle but on different sides of the vehicle, i.e. the left and right wheel suspensions being interconnected
- B60G21/055—Stabiliser bars
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
- B60G7/00—Pivoted suspension arms; Accessories thereof
- B60G7/005—Ball joints
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C11/00—Pivots; Pivotal connections
- F16C11/04—Pivotal connections
- F16C11/06—Ball-joints; Other joints having more than one degree of angular freedom, i.e. universal joints
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C11/00—Pivots; Pivotal connections
- F16C11/04—Pivotal connections
- F16C11/06—Ball-joints; Other joints having more than one degree of angular freedom, i.e. universal joints
- F16C11/0619—Ball-joints; Other joints having more than one degree of angular freedom, i.e. universal joints the female part comprising a blind socket receiving the male part
- F16C11/0623—Construction or details of the socket member
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C11/00—Pivots; Pivotal connections
- F16C11/04—Pivotal connections
- F16C11/06—Ball-joints; Other joints having more than one degree of angular freedom, i.e. universal joints
- F16C11/0619—Ball-joints; Other joints having more than one degree of angular freedom, i.e. universal joints the female part comprising a blind socket receiving the male part
- F16C11/0623—Construction or details of the socket member
- F16C11/0628—Construction or details of the socket member with linings
- F16C11/0633—Construction or details of the socket member with linings the linings being made of plastics
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C11/00—Pivots; Pivotal connections
- F16C11/04—Pivotal connections
- F16C11/06—Ball-joints; Other joints having more than one degree of angular freedom, i.e. universal joints
- F16C11/0685—Manufacture of ball-joints and parts thereof, e.g. assembly of ball-joints
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C11/00—Pivots; Pivotal connections
- F16C11/04—Pivotal connections
- F16C11/06—Ball-joints; Other joints having more than one degree of angular freedom, i.e. universal joints
- F16C11/0695—Mounting of ball-joints, e.g. fixing them to a connecting rod
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
- B60G2204/00—Indexing codes related to suspensions per se or to auxiliary parts
- B60G2204/10—Mounting of suspension elements
- B60G2204/12—Mounting of springs or dampers
- B60G2204/122—Mounting of torsion springs
- B60G2204/1224—End mounts of stabiliser on wheel suspension
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
- B60G2204/00—Indexing codes related to suspensions per se or to auxiliary parts
- B60G2204/40—Auxiliary suspension parts; Adjustment of suspensions
- B60G2204/416—Ball or spherical joints
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
- B60G2204/00—Indexing codes related to suspensions per se or to auxiliary parts
- B60G2204/40—Auxiliary suspension parts; Adjustment of suspensions
- B60G2204/42—Joints with cam surfaces
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
- B60G2204/00—Indexing codes related to suspensions per se or to auxiliary parts
- B60G2204/40—Auxiliary suspension parts; Adjustment of suspensions
- B60G2204/44—Centering or positioning means
- B60G2204/4404—Retainers for holding a fixing element, e.g. bushing, nut, bolt etc., until it is tightly fixed in position
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
- B60G2206/00—Indexing codes related to the manufacturing of suspensions: constructional features, the materials used, procedures or tools
- B60G2206/01—Constructional features of suspension elements, e.g. arms, dampers, springs
- B60G2206/80—Manufacturing procedures
- B60G2206/82—Joining
- B60G2206/8209—Joining by deformation
- B60G2206/82092—Joining by deformation by press-fitting
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C11/00—Pivots; Pivotal connections
- F16C11/04—Pivotal connections
- F16C11/06—Ball-joints; Other joints having more than one degree of angular freedom, i.e. universal joints
- F16C11/0685—Manufacture of ball-joints and parts thereof, e.g. assembly of ball-joints
- F16C11/069—Manufacture of ball-joints and parts thereof, e.g. assembly of ball-joints with at least one separate part to retain the ball member in the socket; Quick-release systems
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C2208/00—Plastics; Synthetic resins, e.g. rubbers
- F16C2208/20—Thermoplastic resins
- F16C2208/66—Acetals, e.g. polyoxymethylene [POM]
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C2226/00—Joining parts; Fastening; Assembling or mounting parts
- F16C2226/50—Positive connections
- F16C2226/52—Positive connections with plastic deformation, e.g. caulking or staking
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C2326/00—Articles relating to transporting
- F16C2326/01—Parts of vehicles in general
- F16C2326/05—Vehicle suspensions, e.g. bearings, pivots or connecting rods used therein
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
- Y10T29/49636—Process for making bearing or component thereof
- Y10T29/49643—Rotary bearing
- Y10T29/49647—Plain bearing
- Y10T29/49648—Self-adjusting or self-aligning, including ball and socket type, bearing and component making
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Pivots And Pivotal Connections (AREA)
- Vehicle Body Suspensions (AREA)
- Steering-Linkage Mechanisms And Four-Wheel Steering (AREA)
Description
Claims (9)
- ボール部を有するボールスタッドと、第1開口部、前記第1開口部側に向かうに従って拡径する第1斜面部、前記第1斜面部側に向かうに従って小径となるオーバーハング部、および、ボール収容部を前記第1開口部側から順に有するボールシートとを準備する工程と、
一端部に第2開口部を有し、かしめ部およびボールシート収容部を前記第2開口部側から順に有するハウジングを準備する工程と、前記ハウジングは、前記かしめ部と前記ボールシート収容部との間に、前記第2開口部側に向かうに従って拡径する第2斜面部を備え、
リング部材を成形する工程と、前記リング部材の成形では、その外周縁部に、軸線方向に向かうに従って小径となる外周縁部テーパ面を形成し、
前記ボールスタッドの前記ボール部を前記ボールシートの前記ボール収容部に挿入することにより、前記ボールスタッドおよび前記ボールシートからなる第1サブ組立体を形成する工程と、
組み立てられた前記第1サブ組立体の前記ボールシートの箇所を前記ハウジングの前記ボールシート収容部に挿入し、前記リング部材を前記ボールシートの前記第1開口部側に配置することにより、第2サブ組立体を形成し、前記リング部材の配置では、前記リング部材の外周部を前記ボールシートの前記第1開口部側端面に当接させる工程と、
押圧部材を用いて、前記第2サブ組立体の前記ハウジングの前記かしめ部を内側に向けてかしめ、前記かしめ部によって、前記リング部材を介して前記ボールシートの前記第1開口部側端面を押圧する工程とを含み、
前記かしめ部は、前記第2斜面部の前記第2開口部側縁部からそのまま前記第2開口部側に円筒状をなして延在し、
前記第2サブ組立体の形成では、前記リング部材の前記外周縁部テーパ面と、前記ハウジングの前記第2斜面部とを当接させることを特徴とするスタビリンクの製造方法。 - 前記リング部材の成形では、その外周部に平坦なストッパベース部を形成するとともに、内周部に、前記軸線方向に向かうに従って小径となるストッパテーパ部を形成し、
前記リング部材の配置では、前記ストッパテーパ部を前記ボールシートの前記第1斜面部に当接させることを特徴とする請求項1に記載のスタビリンクの製造方法。 - 前記外周縁部テーパ面の径方向に対する傾斜角度を60°以下に設定することを特徴とする請求項1または2に記載のスタビリンクの製造方法。
- 前記リング部材の前記ストッパベース部における前記ボールシートの前記第1開口部側端面と接触する部分の径方向長を、前記ストッパベース部の板厚以上に設定することを特徴とする請求項2〜3のいずれかに記載のスタビリンクの製造方法。
- 前記リング部材として、開放端面同士の間に空間部を有するC字状部材あるいは1対の半割部材を成形し、前記空間部の周方向長を全体の周方向長の25%以下に設定することを特徴とする請求項1〜4のいずれかに記載のスタビリンクの製造方法。
- 前記リング部材の前記ストッパテーパ部の軸線方向に対する傾斜角度を30°以上60°以下の範囲内に設定することを特徴とする請求項2〜6のいずれかに記載のスタビリンクの製造方法。
- 請求項2〜7のいずれかに記載のスタビリンクの製造方法により得られ、 前記ボールスタッド、前記ボールシート、前記ハウジング、および、前記リング部材を備えたことを特徴とするスタビリンク。
- 前記リング部材の前記ストッパベース部の前記外周縁部テーパ面の径方向長をL2、前記かしめられたハウジングの前記かしめ部の端面と前記ストッパベース部の外周縁部の開口側との間隔をL3、前記ハウジングの前記かしめ部の前記端面と前記ボールスタッドの前記ボール部の最外径部との間隔をL4、前記外周縁部テーパ面の径方向に対する傾斜角度をθ2、前記ボールスタッドのボール球径をd2、前記ボールスタッドのスタッド抜け荷重をP、前記ハウジングおよび前記リング部材の材質の引張強度のうちの低い方の強度をσBとした場合、前記ストッパベース部の前記径方向長L2は数2の数式を満たすことを特徴とする請求項8に記載のスタビリンク。
Priority Applications (8)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2012031492A JP5476402B2 (ja) | 2012-02-16 | 2012-02-16 | スタビリンクおよびその製造方法 |
EP13748834.2A EP2816245B1 (en) | 2012-02-16 | 2013-01-16 | Stabilizer link and manufacturing method therefor |
CN201380009574.9A CN104114882B (zh) | 2012-02-16 | 2013-01-16 | 稳定连杆及其制造方法 |
ES13748834T ES2822625T3 (es) | 2012-02-16 | 2013-01-16 | Elemento de unión de estabilizador y procedimiento de fabricación para el mismo |
PCT/JP2013/050695 WO2013121820A1 (ja) | 2012-02-16 | 2013-01-16 | スタビリンクおよびその製造方法 |
KR1020147023881A KR101951518B1 (ko) | 2012-02-16 | 2013-01-16 | 스태빌라이저 링크 및 그 제조 방법 |
US14/374,979 US9056538B2 (en) | 2012-02-16 | 2013-01-16 | Stabilizer link and manufacturing method therefor |
MX2014009439A MX353685B (es) | 2012-02-16 | 2013-01-16 | Articulación estabilizadora y método para su fabricación. |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2012031492A JP5476402B2 (ja) | 2012-02-16 | 2012-02-16 | スタビリンクおよびその製造方法 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JP2013167314A JP2013167314A (ja) | 2013-08-29 |
JP5476402B2 true JP5476402B2 (ja) | 2014-04-23 |
Family
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Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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JP2012031492A Active JP5476402B2 (ja) | 2012-02-16 | 2012-02-16 | スタビリンクおよびその製造方法 |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US9056538B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP2816245B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP5476402B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR101951518B1 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN104114882B (ja) |
ES (1) | ES2822625T3 (ja) |
MX (1) | MX353685B (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2013121820A1 (ja) |
Families Citing this family (23)
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JP5189145B2 (ja) * | 2010-08-23 | 2013-04-24 | 日本発條株式会社 | スタビリンクおよびその製造方法 |
JP5468644B2 (ja) * | 2012-06-15 | 2014-04-09 | 日本発條株式会社 | スタビリンク |
JP5923154B2 (ja) * | 2014-10-28 | 2016-05-24 | 日本発條株式会社 | リンクアーム部材 |
BR112017015822B1 (pt) * | 2015-01-28 | 2021-10-26 | Smc Corporation | Método para fabricação de junta flutuante e junta flutuante fabricada pelo referido método |
JP6016979B1 (ja) * | 2015-05-11 | 2016-10-26 | Thk株式会社 | ボールジョイントおよびボールジョイントの製造方法 |
KR101618513B1 (ko) | 2015-05-11 | 2016-05-09 | 주식회사 티앤지 | 볼조인트 조립 장치 |
US9790983B2 (en) * | 2015-05-21 | 2017-10-17 | Federal-Mogul Motorparts Corporation | Movable joint assembly |
JP6521914B2 (ja) * | 2016-07-26 | 2019-05-29 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 製造方法、スタビライザの製造方法およびスタビライザ製造用金型 |
BR112019002658A2 (pt) * | 2016-09-05 | 2019-05-28 | Nhk Spring Co Ltd | método de fabricação de estabilizadores e estrutura de junta para bieleta |
US10605309B2 (en) * | 2017-02-15 | 2020-03-31 | Mevotech Lp | Snap-in bearing for automotive ball joint |
JP6605530B2 (ja) * | 2017-03-31 | 2019-11-13 | ファナック株式会社 | ボールジョイントのシール部材 |
JP6698054B2 (ja) * | 2017-08-22 | 2020-05-27 | 日本発條株式会社 | カシメ方法 |
JP2019190611A (ja) | 2018-04-27 | 2019-10-31 | 日本発條株式会社 | ボールジョイント、スタビリンク、及びボールジョイントの製造方法 |
US11788575B2 (en) | 2018-05-18 | 2023-10-17 | Federal-Mogul Motorparts Llc | Socket assembly with a retention device |
JP2020016325A (ja) * | 2018-07-27 | 2020-01-30 | 日本発條株式会社 | ボールジョイント、スタビリンク、及びボールジョイントの製造方法 |
EP3875793B1 (en) * | 2018-08-29 | 2023-04-19 | Schaublin SA | Ball joint with anti pull-out collar |
CN111742155B (zh) | 2018-10-11 | 2023-01-17 | Nok株式会社 | 球接头和防尘罩 |
JP7228449B2 (ja) * | 2018-10-24 | 2023-02-24 | 日本発條株式会社 | ボールジョイントのボールシート固定構造 |
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CN104114882A (zh) | 2014-10-22 |
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EP2816245A4 (en) | 2015-10-07 |
JP2013167314A (ja) | 2013-08-29 |
MX353685B (es) | 2018-01-23 |
US9056538B2 (en) | 2015-06-16 |
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US20150001824A1 (en) | 2015-01-01 |
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