JP5348750B2 - 焼結体の製造方法および焼結体 - Google Patents
焼結体の製造方法および焼結体 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5348750B2 JP5348750B2 JP2008542525A JP2008542525A JP5348750B2 JP 5348750 B2 JP5348750 B2 JP 5348750B2 JP 2008542525 A JP2008542525 A JP 2008542525A JP 2008542525 A JP2008542525 A JP 2008542525A JP 5348750 B2 JP5348750 B2 JP 5348750B2
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- powder molded
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Images
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J9/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture, installation, removal, maintenance of electric discharge tubes, discharge lamps, or parts thereof; Recovery of material from discharge tubes or lamps
- H01J9/24—Manufacture or joining of vessels, leading-in conductors or bases
- H01J9/245—Manufacture or joining of vessels, leading-in conductors or bases specially adapted for gas discharge tubes or lamps
- H01J9/247—Manufacture or joining of vessels, leading-in conductors or bases specially adapted for gas discharge tubes or lamps specially adapted for gas-discharge lamps
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B1/00—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material
- B28B1/002—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material assembled from preformed elements
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- C04B35/01—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics
- C04B35/10—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on aluminium oxide
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
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Description
Press)にて塊状成形体をいったん成形してから、機械加工により形状付与することが行われている。
無機粉末、反応性官能基を有する有機分散媒およびゲル化剤を含有し、有機分散媒とゲル化剤との化学反応により固化した第一の無機粉末成形体および第二の無機粉末成形体を得る工程;
第一の無機粉末成形体の接合面に、粉末成分と有機分散媒とを含むスラリーを塗布する塗布工程;
第一の無機粉末成形体と第二の無機粉末成形体とを前記スラリーを介在させた状態で接触させて一体の接合体を得る接合工程;および
接合体を焼結させて焼結体を得、前記焼結体において接合界面が微構造的に一体化する焼結工程
を有することを特徴とする。
また、好適な実施形態においては、第二の無機粉末成形体の接合面にもスラリーを塗布する。
例えば図1(a)に示すように、一対の無機粉末成形体1A、1Bを準備する。各成形体1A、1Bは、それぞれ、細管部2と胴部3とからなっている。各成形体は、例えば後述するゲルキャスト法によって成形する。
図6(a)の発光管21は、いわゆるリセスト型のものであり、ハーフ21Aと21Bとからなる。23は接合界面である。
図6(b)の発光管24は、いわゆるセミクローズド型のものであり、ハーフ24Aと24Bとからなる。23は接合界面である。
図7(b)の発光管28は、いわゆるトップハット型のものであり、本体27と、本体27の一端に接合されている端部28とからなる。23は接合界面である。
図7(c)の発光管29は、いわゆるモノリシックトップハット型のものであり、ハーフ29Aと29Bとからなる。23は接合界面である。
Sc2O3も例示できる。
(1)分散媒に無機物粉体を分散してスラリーとした後、ゲル化剤を添加する。
(2)分散媒に無機物粉体及びゲル化剤を同時に添加して分散することによりスラリーを製造する。
成形体30の接合端部30aの外側(図8において左側)には拡張部38が設けられている。成形体30は、接合後に、内側に閉空間を形成可能な形態をしている。接合面30bには凸部33が形成されている。すなわち、接合面30bのエッジには面取り部31A、31Bが形成されており、面取り部31A,31Bの各末端32を結ぶ仮想面から凸部33が突出する。
図8において、aは、接合端部30aの末端(拡張開始部35)における成形体の幅である。bは、接合端部30aにおける最大幅とaとの差であり、拡張部分38の最大幅である。b/aは、拡張部の突出の割合を示す数値である。本発明の観点からは、b/aは、0.05以上であることが好ましく、0.1以上であることが更に好ましい。ただし、b/aが大きくなりすぎると、接合処理時に拡張開始部35にクラックが生じやすくなるので、この観点からは、b/aは0.4以下であることが好ましく、0.3以下であることが更に好ましい。この要件は内側および外側の拡張部にあてはまる。
eは、拡張部38の長さである。e/aは、拡張部の細長さを示す指標である。e/aが大きすぎると、接合時ないし焼成時に接合面にクラックが生じやすくなるので、この観点からは、e/aは2以下であることが好ましく、1.5以下であることが更に好ましい。また、e/aが小さすぎると、接合時の拡大開始部35にクラックが生じやすくなるので、この観点からは、0.2以上が好ましく、0.5以上が更に好ましい。この要件は内側および外側の拡張部にあてはまる。
dは、拡張部のうち幅一定である定幅部36の長さである。定幅部は設けても良いが、設けなくとも良い。定幅部36を設けた場合には、d/aは0.5以下とすることが好ましい。
cは凸状部33の高さである。接合面30aに凸状部33を設けることによって、接合用スラリーが容易に外側面、内側面に展開しやすくなり、接合材の沿面距離を長くしやすい。この観点からは、c/aは、0.01以上とすることが好ましく、0.02以上とすることが更に好ましい。ただし、c/aが大きくなりすぎると、接合用スラリーがかえって広がりにくくなるので、0.5以下が好ましく、0.15以下が更に好ましい。
図1、図2を参照しつつ説明した方法に従い、一体焼結体(発光管)7を作製した。
ただし、各成形体1A、1Bの成形スラリーは以下のようにして作製した。すなわち、原料粉末としてアルミナ粉末(商品名 アルミナAES-11C、住友化学工業株式会社)100重量部、およびマグネシア0.025重量部。分散媒として、マロン酸ジメチル24重量部、ゲル化剤(商品名 バイヒジュール3100、住友バイエルウレタン株式会社)2重量部、分散剤(商品名 マリアリムAKM0531、日本油脂株式会社)1重量部、触媒としてトリエチルアミン0.2重量部を混合したものを用いた。
図1、図2を参照しつつ説明した方法に従い、一体焼結体(発光管)7を作製した。
ただし、各成形体1A、1Bの成形スラリーは以下のようにして作製した。すなわち、原料粉末としてアルミナ粉末(商品名 アルミナAKP-20、住友化学工業株式会社)100重量部、およびマグネシア0.025重量部。分散媒としてケムレツ6080を27重量部(商品名、保土ヶ谷アシュランド株式会社)およびエチレングリコール0.3重量部、ゲル化剤としてSBUイソシアナート0775(商品名、住友バイエルウレタン株式会社)4重量部、分散剤としてマリアリムAKM0531(商品名、日本油脂株式会社)3重量部、触媒(商品名 カオライザーNo25、花王株式会社)0.1重量部を混合したものを用いた。
実施例2と同様の方法によって、成形体1A、1Bを得た。接合スラリーは、前記したゲル化剤を含まないこと以外は、成形スラリーと同じである。
図4、図5を参照しつつ説明した方法に従って、図5(b)に示す3ボディの発光管17を作製した。ただし、成形スラリー、接合スラリー、製法は、実施例2と同じにした。また、接合の際の荷重は、管軸方向に0.075kgf/cm2とした。
実施例2と同様の方法によって、成形体1A、1Bを得た。ただし、実施例2における接合スラリーを、有機分散媒のみ(「ケムレツ6080」27重量部(商品名、保土ヶ谷アシュランド株式会社)およびエチレングリコール0.3重量部のみ)とした。乾燥後、接合界面において、二つの成形体が外れた。
実施例4と同様にして成形体および焼結体を作製した。ただし、胴部11は実施例4と同じ方法にて成形したが、細管部13A、13Bは、化学反応固化ではなく、ドライバックプレス法、すなわちメカニカルプレスおよび機械加工仕上げにより得た。また、細管部13A、13Bの成形に先立ち、PVA(ポリビニルアルコール)を3wt%含む造粒粉を作製し、造粒粉を圧粉成形した。
本実施例では、図8〜図11を参照しつつ説明した方法に従い、焼結体として発光管を作製した。発光管およびそのハーフの形状は、図12(a)に示すものである。焼結体40、40A、40Bを構成する成形体30、30A、30Bは、以下のようにして作製した。すなわち、原料粉末としてアルミナ粉末(商品名アルミナAES-11C、住友化学工業株式会社製)100重量部、及びマグネシア0.025重量部、分散媒としてマロン酸ジメチル24重量部、ゲル化剤として、バイヒジュール3100(商品名、住友バイエルウレタン株式会社製)2重量部、分散剤としてマリアリムAKM0351(商品名、日本油脂株式会社製)1重量部及び触媒としてトリエチルアミン0、2重量部を混合したものを用いた。このスラリーをアルミニウム合金製の型に室温で注型後、室温で1時間放置した。次いで、40℃で30分間放置し、固化を進めてから離型した。さらに、室温、次いで90℃のそれぞれの温度にて2時間放置して、メタルハライドランプ用発光管形状を軸方向に2分割した形状の粉末成形体を得た。接合端面の角取りはR0.05〜0.15mmの範囲で実施した。
接合は、各々のハーフを突合せた後、接合面に対して垂直方向に0.05〜0.2kgf/cm2の範囲で荷重を1分〜10分間かけて行った。その後、大気中で100℃、2時間保持して接合ペーストを硬化させた。
Claims (14)
- 無機粉末、反応性官能基を有する有機分散媒およびゲル化剤を含有し、前記有機分散媒と前記ゲル化剤との化学反応により固化した第一の無機粉末成形体および第二の無機粉末成形体を得る工程;
前記第一の無機粉末成形体の接合面に、粉末成分と有機分散媒とを含むスラリーを塗布する塗布工程;
前記第一の無機粉末成形体と前記第二の無機粉末成形体とを前記スラリーを介在させた状態で接合して一体の接合体を得る接合工程;および
前記接合体を焼結させて焼結体を得、前記焼結体において接合界面が微構造的に一体化する焼結工程
を有することを特徴とする、焼結体の製造方法。 - 前記第一の無機粉末成形体の接合面が、前記第一の無機粉末成形体の中心軸に対して略垂直であることを特徴とする、請求項1記載の方法。
- 前記第一の無機粉末成形体と前記第二の無機粉末成形体とを接触させた段階で、前記接合面と略垂直方向に荷重を印加しながら接合することを特徴とする、請求項1または2記載の方法。
- 前記スラリーを前記接合面に塗布した後、前記接合工程の前に前記スラリーを前記第一の無機粉末成形体の内部に染みこませることを特徴とする、請求項1〜3のいずれか一つの請求項に記載の方法。
- 前記第二の無機粉末成形体の接合面にも前記スラリーを塗布することを特徴とする、請求項1〜4のいずれか一つの請求項に記載の方法。
- 前記接合用のスラリーの前記有機分散媒が反応性官能基を有しており、かつ前記接合用のスラリーがゲル化剤を含有することを特徴とする、請求項1〜5のいずれか一つの請求項に記載の方法。
- 前記第一の無機粉末成形体を構成するスラリーと、前記接合用の前記スラリーとが同種であることを特徴とする、請求項1〜6のいずれか一つの請求項に記載の方法。
- 前記第一の無機粉末成形体の接合端部の少なくとも外側に拡張部が設けられていることを特徴とする、請求項1〜7のいずれか一つの請求項に記載の方法。
- 前記第二の無機粉末成形体の接合端部の少なくとも外側に拡張部が設けられていることを特徴とする、請求項8記載の方法。
- 前記第一の無機粉末成形体と前記第二の無機粉末成形体との少なくとも一方の接合端部の内側に凹部が設けられていることを特徴とする、請求項8記載の方法。
- 前記第一の無機粉末成形体の前記接合面の少なくとも一部が凸状をなしていることを特徴とする、請求項1〜10のいずれか一つの請求項に記載の方法。
- 前記第二の無機粉末成形体の前記接合面の少なくとも一部が凸状をなしていることを特徴とする、請求項11記載の方法。
- 前記第一の無機粉末成形体の前記接合面のエッジに角取り部が設けられていることを特徴とする、請求項1〜12のいずれか一つの請求項に記載の方法。
- 接合用の前記スラリーが非自己硬化性のスラリーであることを特徴とする、請求項1〜13のいずれか一つの請求項に記載の方法。
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EP2305621B1 (en) | 2009-09-09 | 2015-04-22 | NGK Insulators, Ltd. | Translucent polycrystalline sintered body, method for producing the same, and arc tube for high-intensity discharge lamp |
JPWO2012046597A1 (ja) | 2010-10-08 | 2014-02-24 | 日本碍子株式会社 | セラミックチューブの製造方法及びセラミックチューブ |
JPWO2012046598A1 (ja) | 2010-10-08 | 2014-02-24 | 日本碍子株式会社 | セラミックチューブ及びその製造方法 |
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JP3922452B2 (ja) | 2002-05-10 | 2007-05-30 | 日本碍子株式会社 | 接合体、高圧放電灯用組み立て体および高圧放電灯 |
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WO2005047211A1 (en) | 2003-11-04 | 2005-05-26 | University Of Florida Research Foundation Inc. | Joining of ceramic powder pressed components in the green or sintered state with a gelcast joint |
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KR101388838B1 (ko) | 2014-04-23 |
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US8585960B2 (en) | 2013-11-19 |
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