JP5238733B2 - 可撓性電子および光電子素子用の熱安定化されたポリ(エチレンナフタレート)フィルム - Google Patents
可撓性電子および光電子素子用の熱安定化されたポリ(エチレンナフタレート)フィルム Download PDFInfo
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- JP5238733B2 JP5238733B2 JP2010025571A JP2010025571A JP5238733B2 JP 5238733 B2 JP5238733 B2 JP 5238733B2 JP 2010025571 A JP2010025571 A JP 2010025571A JP 2010025571 A JP2010025571 A JP 2010025571A JP 5238733 B2 JP5238733 B2 JP 5238733B2
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- NNHHDJVEYQHLHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium silicate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NNHHDJVEYQHLHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
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- B29C55/04—Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor of plates or sheets uniaxial, e.g. oblique
- B29C55/06—Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor of plates or sheets uniaxial, e.g. oblique parallel with the direction of feed
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
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- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
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- C08J2367/02—Polyesters derived from dicarboxylic acids and dihydroxy compounds
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- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K1/00—Printed circuits
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- H05K1/032—Organic insulating material consisting of one material
- H05K1/0326—Organic insulating material consisting of one material containing O
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- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
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Description
(i)ポリアセチレン類、ポリフェニレン類およびポリ(p−フェニレンビニレン)類のような炭化水素共役ポリマー類;
(ii)ポリチオフェン類、ポリピロール類およびポリアニリン類のような主鎖にヘテロ原子を持つ共役複素環ポリマー類;および、
(iii)少なくとも2つ、好ましくは少なくとも3つ、好ましくは少なくとも4つ、好ましくは少なくとも5つ、より好ましくは6つかそれ以上の繰り返しサブユニットを含むオリゴチオフェン類、オリゴピロール類、オリゴアニリン類、オリゴフェニレン類およびオリゴ(フェニレンビニレン)類のような共役オリゴマー類。
(i)(a)35〜40モル%のアルキルアクリレート、(b)35〜40%のアルキルメタクリレート、(c)10〜15モル%の、イタコン酸のような遊離性カルボキシル基を含む共重合体、および(d)15〜20モル%の、p−スチレンスルホン酸のような芳香族スルホン酸および/またはそれらの塩の共重合体であって、その例が、特許文献9(その開示は参照により本明細書に組み込まれるものとする)に開示されるように、37.5/37.5/10/15モル%の比率でエチルアクリレート/メチルメタクリレート/イタコン酸/p−スチレンスルホン酸および/またはそれらの塩を含む共重合体であるもの、および
(ii)アクリルおよび/またはメタクリルポリマー樹脂であって、その例が、特許文献6(その開示は参照により本明細書に組み込まれるものとする)に開示されるような約35〜60モル%のエチルアクリレート、約30〜55モル%のメチルメタクリレート、および約2〜20モル%のメタクリルアミドを含むポリマーであるもの。
(i) ポリ(エチレンナフタレート)を含む層を形成すること;
(ii) 少なくとも1つの方向に層を延伸すること;
(iii) ポリエステルのガラス転移温度より上の温度であるがその溶融温度よりも下の温度で、フィルム幅に関して約19〜約75kg/mの範囲の張力で、寸法制限下でヒートセットをすること;および
(iv) フィルム幅に関して5kg/m未満の張力の下で、およびポリエステルのガラス転移温度より上であるがその溶融温度よりも下の温度で熱安定化すること。
(i) ポリ(エチレンナフタレート)を含む基板層を形成すること;
(ii) 少なくとも1つの方向に層を延伸すること;
(iii) ポリエステルのガラス転移温度より上であるがその溶融温度よりも下の温度で、フィルム幅に関して約19〜約75kg/m、好ましくは約45〜約50kg/mの範囲の張力で、寸法制限下でヒートセットすること;
(iv) 低い張力の下、すなわちフィルム幅に関して、好ましくは5kg/m未満の張力で、より好ましくは3.5kg/m未満の張力で、より好ましくは1.0〜2.5kg/mの範囲の張力で、典型的には1.5〜2.0kg/mの範囲の張力で、およびポリエステルのガラス転移温度より上であるが溶融温度よりも下の温度で熱安定化すること;および
(v) 素子中の基板として、配向され、ヒートセットされ、次いで熱安定化されたフィルムを提供すること。
(i)フィルムの透明性は、ASTM D−1003−61により、Gardner XL 211透過率計を使用して、フィルムの全厚を通した、全光線透過率(total luminance transmission)(TLT)およびヘイズ(分散され透過された可視光の%)を測定することにより評価できる。
(ii)フィルムの透過光密度(TOD)は、透過方式でMacbeth Densitometer TR927(Dent & Woods Ltd,Basingstoke,UK)を使用して測定できる。
(iii)寸法安定性は、(a)線形熱膨張係数(CLTE)、または(b)所与の軸に沿った長さの残留変化量が、所与の温度までフィルムを加熱し、次いでフィルムを冷却した後に測定される温度循環方法のいずれかによって評価できる。
両測定方法は、温度、変位、力、固有変形、ベースラインおよび炉の温度アライメントについて既知の手順に従って、校正およびチェックされたThermomechanical Analyser PE−TMA−7(Perkin Elmer)を使用して行われた。フィルムは、伸張分析用クランプを使用して試験された。伸張クランプに必要とされるベースラインは、非常に低い膨張係数の試験片(石英)を使用して得られ、CLTE精度および正確性(スキャン後のベースラインの減算に依存する)は、CLTE値がよく知られている標準材料、例えば純アルミ箔を使用して評価された。元のフィルムサンプルの中で既知の配向軸から選択された試験片は、約12mmのクランプ分離を使用する装置に据えられ、5mm幅にわたって、75mNの印加力にさらされた。印加力は、フィルムの厚さの変化に関して調整され、すなわち、均一な張力を保証し、およびフィルムは、分析の軸に沿って曲げられなかった。試験片の長さは、23℃の温度で測定される長さに標準化された。CLTE試験方法では、試験片は、8℃まで冷却され、安定化され、次いで5℃/分で8℃から+240℃まで加熱された。CLTE値(α)は、以下の公式から導き出された。
(iv)固有粘度(IV)は、溶融粘度計により、次の手順を使用して測定された。既知の温度および圧力で、校正されたダイを通る、あらかじめ乾燥された押し出し物を流す速度は、コンピューターに接続される変換器によって測定される。コンピュータープログラムは、溶融粘度値(log10粘度)および実験的に決定された回帰式により等価のIVsを計算する。分の時間に対するIVのプロットは、コンピューターにより作成され、分解速度が計算される。ゼロ時間に対するグラフの推定は、初期のIVおよび等価の溶融粘度を与える。ダイの開口部の直径は、0.020インチであり、284℃の溶融温度でIVが0.80までであり、295℃でIV>0.80である。
(v)所与の温度での収縮率は、所与の時間周期の間、加熱されたオーブン内にサンプルを据えることにより測定される。収縮率%は、加熱の前後で所与の方向でのフィルム寸法の%変化として計算される。
(vi)表面粗さ(粗度)は、当該技術分野では良く知られている従来の非接触、白色光、相シフト干渉技術を使用して測定された。使用される装置は、Wyko NT3300表面プロファイラーであった。その技術を用いて得ることができる有用な特性データは、以下を含む。
自乗平均粗さ(Root Mean Square Roughness)(Rq):測定される表面領域にわたり計算される自乗平均の平均ピーク高さ
最大プロフィルピーク高さ(Maximum Profile Peak Height)(Rp):測定される表面領域中の最も高いピーク高さ
平均最大プロフィルピーク高さ(Average Maximum Profile Peak Height)(Rpm):測定される表面領域の、10個の最も高いピークの平均値
表面プロフィル分析は、一回の測定でスキャンされる領域である、表面プロファイラー機の「視野」内でフィルム表面の別々の範囲をスキャンすることによって行われる。フィルムサンプルは、別々の視野を使用して、または配列を形成するために連続した視野をスキャンすることにより分析されてもよい。本明細書で行われた分析は、それぞれの視野が736×480ピクセルを含むWyko NT3300表面プロファイラーの最大限の分解能を利用した。
RaおよびRqの測定のために、分解能は、50倍の倍率を有する対物レンズを使用して向上された。得られた視野は、0.163μmのピクセルサイズで、90μm×120μmの寸法を有する。
RpおよびRpmの測定のために、便利には、分解能は「0.5倍の視野の倍率器」と組み合わせて、10倍の倍率を有する対物レンズを使用して向上され、5倍の全倍率を与える。得られた視野は、0.163μmのピクセルサイズで、0.9mm×1.2mmの寸法を有する。それぞれの測定について、5回の連続するスキャンの結果を組み合わせて平均値を与える。
測定は、10%の調整閾値(信号:ノイズ比)を使用して行われた。すなわち、閾値未満のデータポイントは無視される。本発明のフィルムは、ここで測定される場合、0.8未満、好ましくは0.7未満、好ましくは0.65、および最も好ましくは0.6nm未満のRa値を有することが好ましい。本発明のフィルムは、ここで測定される場合、1.0nmまたはそれ以下、好ましくは0.9nmまたはそれ以下、好ましくは0.85nmまたはそれ以下、最も好ましくは0.75nmまたはそれ以下のRq値を有することが好ましい。
(vii)ASTM D3985を使用して、酸素透過速度を測定することができる。
(viii)ASTM F1249を使用して、水蒸気透過速度を測定することができる。
(ix)フィルムの外部表面の白色度指数は、ASTM D313に従って、Colorgard System2000、Model/45(Pacific Scientific)を使用して測定される。
Claims (28)
- 基板層およびその表面上にバリアー層を含む複合フィルムの製造方法であって、前記基板が、30分、230℃で0.5%未満の収縮率を有する、ポリ(エチレンナフタレート)を含む熱安定化され、ヒートセットされ、配向されたフィルムであり、前記製造方法が、
(i) ポリ(エチレンナフタレート)を含む層を形成する工程、
(ii) 少なくとも一つの方向にその層を延伸する工程、
(iii) ポリ(エチレンナフタレート)のガラス転移温度より高いが溶融温度よりも低い温度で、フィルム幅に関して19〜75kg/mの範囲内の張力の下で、寸法制限下でヒートセットする工程、
(iv) ポリ(エチレンナフタレート)のガラス転移温度より高いが溶融温度よりも低い、190℃から250℃の範囲内の温度で、フィルム幅に関して5kg/m未満の張力の下、熱安定化する工程、
(v) 基板の表面上にバリアー層を配置する工程、及び
(vi)前記バリアー層の少なくとも一部上に導電性材料を適用する工程
を含むことを特徴とする方法。 - 前記熱安定化工程が、オフラインで行われることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記熱安定化が、フィルム幅に関して1.0〜2.5kg/mの範囲内の張力で実施されることを特徴とする請求項1または2に記載の方法。
- 前記ヒートセットが、フィルム幅に関して45〜50kg/mの範囲内の張力の下で実施されることを特徴とする請求項1〜3のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記熱安定化が、200℃から230℃の範囲内の温度で実施されることを特徴とする請求項1〜4のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記ヒートセットが、235℃から240℃の範囲内の温度で実施されることを特徴とする請求項1〜5のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記導電性材料が、導電性金属酸化物を含むことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記導電性材料が、インジウムスズ酸化物を含むことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の方法。
- 基板層およびその表面上にバリアー層を含む、請求項1記載の製造方法により製造された複合フィルムであって、前記基板が、30分、230℃で0.5%未満の収縮率を有する、ポリ(エチレンナフタレート)を含む熱安定化され、ヒートセットされ、配向されたフィルムであり、さらに前記バリアー層の少なくとも一部上に電極層を含むことを特徴とする複合フィルム。
- 前記電極層が、導電性金属酸化物を含むことを特徴とする請求項9に記載のフィルム。
- 前記電極層が、インジウムスズ酸化物を含むことを特徴とする請求項9に記載のフィルム。
- 導電性共役ポリマーの層をさらに含むことを特徴とする請求項9〜11のいずれかに記載のフィルム。
- 前記ポリ(エチレンナフタレート)が、2,6−ナフタレンジカルボン酸に由来することを特徴とする請求項1〜8のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記ポリ(エチレンナフタレート)が、0.5−1.5の固有粘度を有することを特徴とする請求項1〜8及び13のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記熱安定化されたフィルムが、<1.5%の散乱可視光の%(ヘイズ)を有することを特徴とする請求項1〜8、13及び14のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記熱安定化されたフィルムが、二軸配向であることを特徴とする請求項1〜8及び13〜15のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記基板が、8℃から200℃に加熱され、次いで、8℃まで冷却した前後で、元の寸法の0.75%未満の、25℃で測定された残余寸法変化ΔLTを有することを特徴とする請求項1〜8及び13〜16のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記基板が、−40℃〜+100℃の温度範囲内で、40×10-6/℃未満の線形熱膨張係数(CLTE)を有することを特徴とする請求項1〜8及び13〜17のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記バリアー層が、無機層を含むことを特徴とする請求項1〜8及び13〜18のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記無機層が、SiO2、SiO、GeO、Al2O3、TiNおよびSi3N4からなる群から選択された材料を含むことを特徴とする請求項19に記載の方法。
- 前記ポリ(エチレンナフタレート)が、2,6−ナフタレンジカルボン酸に由来することを特徴とする請求項9〜12のいずれかに記載のフィルム。
- 前記ポリ(エチレンナフタレート)が、0.5−1.5の固有粘度を有することを特徴とする請求項9〜12及び21のいずれかに記載のフィルム。
- 前記熱安定化されたフィルムが、<1.5%の散乱可視光の%(ヘイズ)を有することを特徴とする請求項9〜12、21及び22のいずれかに記載のフィルム。
- 前記熱安定化されたフィルムが、二軸配向であることを特徴とする請求項9〜12及び21〜23のいずれかに記載のフィルム。
- 前記基板が、8℃から200℃に加熱され、次いで、8℃まで冷却した前後で、元の寸法の0.75%未満の、25℃で測定された残余寸法変化ΔL T を有することを特徴とする請求項9〜12及び21〜24のいずれかに記載のフィルム。
- 前記基板が、−40℃〜+100℃の温度範囲内で、40×10 -6 /℃未満の線形熱膨張係数(CLTE)を有することを特徴とする請求項9〜12及び21〜25のいずれかに記載のフィルム。
- 前記バリアー層が、無機層を含むことを特徴とする請求項9〜12及び21〜26のいずれかに記載のフィルム。
- 前記無機層が、SiO 2 、SiO、GeO、Al 2 O 3 、TiNおよびSi 3 N 4 からなる群から選択された材料を含むことを特徴とする請求項27に記載のフィルム。
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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DE60223298D1 (de) | 2007-12-13 |
CN100421926C (zh) | 2008-10-01 |
US7101627B2 (en) | 2006-09-05 |
WO2003022575A1 (en) | 2003-03-20 |
CN1553856A (zh) | 2004-12-08 |
KR100857960B1 (ko) | 2008-09-09 |
CN102785420A (zh) | 2012-11-21 |
HK1065513A1 (en) | 2005-02-25 |
TW583233B (en) | 2004-04-11 |
EP1640154B1 (en) | 2007-10-31 |
DE60208913D1 (de) | 2006-04-13 |
EP1640154A1 (en) | 2006-03-29 |
CN102785420B (zh) | 2014-12-10 |
KR20040033039A (ko) | 2004-04-17 |
JP4623961B2 (ja) | 2011-02-02 |
DE60208913T2 (de) | 2006-09-14 |
CN102785419B (zh) | 2015-01-14 |
JP2010114096A (ja) | 2010-05-20 |
EP1425170B1 (en) | 2006-01-25 |
EP1425170A1 (en) | 2004-06-09 |
US20040247916A1 (en) | 2004-12-09 |
KR100915479B1 (ko) | 2009-09-03 |
KR20070072631A (ko) | 2007-07-04 |
CN102785419A (zh) | 2012-11-21 |
US20060275591A1 (en) | 2006-12-07 |
JP2005521193A (ja) | 2005-07-14 |
US7300703B2 (en) | 2007-11-27 |
DE60223298T2 (de) | 2008-08-14 |
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