JP5201144B2 - R−Fe−B系異方性焼結磁石 - Google Patents
R−Fe−B系異方性焼結磁石 Download PDFInfo
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- H01F1/032—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials
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- H01F1/053—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals
- H01F1/055—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5
- H01F1/057—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5 and IIIa elements, e.g. Nd2Fe14B
- H01F1/0571—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5 and IIIa elements, e.g. Nd2Fe14B in the form of particles, e.g. rapid quenched powders or ribbon flakes
- H01F1/0575—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5 and IIIa elements, e.g. Nd2Fe14B in the form of particles, e.g. rapid quenched powders or ribbon flakes pressed, sintered or bonded together
- H01F1/0577—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5 and IIIa elements, e.g. Nd2Fe14B in the form of particles, e.g. rapid quenched powders or ribbon flakes pressed, sintered or bonded together sintered
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- H01F1/032—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials
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- H01F1/08—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials metals or alloys in the form of particles, e.g. powder pressed, sintered, or bound together
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- H01F41/02—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for manufacturing cores, coils, or magnets
- H01F41/0253—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for manufacturing cores, coils, or magnets for manufacturing permanent magnets
- H01F41/0293—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for manufacturing cores, coils, or magnets for manufacturing permanent magnets diffusion of rare earth elements, e.g. Tb, Dy or Ho, into permanent magnets
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B22F2999/00—Aspects linked to processes or compositions used in powder metallurgy
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Description
4 RHバルク体
6 処理室
8 Nb製の網
MNd+MPr=MRL
MDy+MTb=MRH
MRL+MRH=MR
Lc≧12.05
Lc+(0.18−0.05×MTb/MRH)×MRH/MR−0.03×MPr/MRL≦12.18
(ただし、0<MRH/MR≦0.4)
LC2−LC1≧0.02 (Å)
の関係があることがわかった。
25質量%以上40質量%以下の希土類元素Rと、0.6質量%〜1.6質量%のB(硼素)と、残部Feおよび不可避不純物とを包含する合金を用意する。ここで、Rの一部(10質量%以下)は重希土類元素RHで置換されてもよい。また、Bの一部はC(炭素)によって置換されていてもよいし、Feの一部(50質量%以下)は、他の遷移金属元素(例えば、CoまたはNi)によって置換されていてもよい。この合金は、種々の目的により、Al、Si、Ti、V、Cr、Mn、Ni、Cu、Zn、Ga、Zr、Nb、Mo、Ag、In、Sn、Hf、Ta、W、Pb、およびBiからなる群から選択された少なくとも1種の添加元素Mを0.01〜1.0質量%程度含有していてもよい。
上記のフレーク状に粗く粉砕された合金鋳片を水素炉の内部へ収容する。次に、水素炉の内部で水素脆化処理(以下、「水素粉砕処理」と称する場合がある)工程を行う。水素粉砕後の粗粉砕粉合金粉末を水素炉から取り出す際、粗粉砕粉が大気と接触しないように、不活性雰囲気下で取り出し動作を実行することが好ましい。そうすれば、粗粉砕粉が酸化・発熱することが防止され、磁石の磁気特性の低下が抑制できるからである。
次に、粗粉砕粉に対してジェットミル粉砕装置を用いて微粉砕を実行する。本実施形態で使用するジェットミル粉砕装置にはサイクロン分級機が接続されている。ジェットミル粉砕装置は、粗粉砕工程で粗く粉砕された希土類合金(粗粉砕粉)の供給を受け、粉砕機内で粉砕する。粉砕機内で粉砕された粉末はサイクロン分級機を経て回収タンクに集められる。こうして、0.1〜20μm程度(典型的には平均粒径3〜5μm)の微粉末を得ることができる。このような微粉砕に用いる粉砕装置は、ジェットミルに限定されず、アトライタやボールミルであってもよい。粉砕に際して、ステアリン酸亜鉛などの潤滑剤を粉砕助剤として用いてもよい。
本実施形態では、上記方法で作製された合金粉末に対し、例えばロッキングミキサー内で潤滑剤を例えば0.3wt%添加・混合し、潤滑剤で合金粉末粒子の表面を被覆する。次に、上述の方法で作製した合金粉末を公知のプレス装置を用いて配向磁界中で成形する。印加する磁界の強度は、例えば1.5〜1.7テスラ(T)である。また、成形圧力は、成形体のグリーン密度が例えば4〜4.5g/cm3程度になるように設定される。
上記の粉末成形体に対して、650〜1000℃の範囲内の温度で10〜240分間保持する工程と、その後、上記の保持温度よりも高い温度(例えば、1000〜1200℃)で焼結を更に進める工程とを順次行うことが好ましい。焼結時、特に液相が生成されるとき(温度が650〜1000℃の範囲内にあるとき)、粒界相中のRリッチ相が融け始め、液相が形成される。その後、焼結が進行し、焼結磁石体が形成される。前述の通り、焼結磁石体の表面が酸化された状態でも蒸着拡散処理を施すことができるため、焼結工程の後、時効処理(400℃〜700℃)や寸法調整のための研削を行ってもよい。
次に、こうして作製された焼結磁石体に重希土類元素RHを効率よく拡散させる。具体的には、図6に示す処理室内に重希土類元素RHを含むRHバルク体と焼結磁石体とを配置し、加熱により、RHバルク体から重希土類元素RHを焼結磁石体表面に供給しつつ、焼結磁石体の内部に拡散させる。また、蒸着拡散工程後に必要に応じて時効処理(400〜700℃)を行ってもよい。
まず、表1(単位は質量%)に示すとおり、Dyが0〜10質量%の組成を有する平均厚み0.2〜0.3mmの合金薄片をストリップキャスト法により作製した。
表6に示す組成(単位は質量%)を有するように配合した平均厚み0.2〜0.3mmの合金薄片g〜iをストリップキャスト法により作製した。
Nd:32.0、B:1.00、Co:0.9、Cu:0.1、Al:0.2、残部:Fe(単位は質量%)の組成を有する厚さ0.2〜0.3mmの合金薄片j(ジェイ)をストリップキャスト法により作製した。
Claims (3)
- 軽希土類元素RL(NdおよびPrの少なくとも1種)を主たる希土類元素Rとして含有するR2Fe14B型化合物を主相として有し、重希土類元素RH(DyおよびTbからなる群から選択された少なくとも1種)を含有するR(Yを含む希土類元素)−Fe−B系異方性焼結磁石であって、
前記磁石の磁極面から深さ500μm以内の領域にある前記磁極面に平行な面に対するCuKα線を用いたX線回折測定で2θが60.5〜61.5°の範囲内に少なくとも2つの回折ピークが観察される部分を含み、
Nd、Pr、Dy、Tbの濃度を、それぞれ、M Nd 、M Pr 、M Dy 、M Tb (原子%)とし、
M Nd +M Pr =M RL 、
M Dy +M Tb =M RH 、
M RL +M RH =M R とするとき、
前記2つの回折ピークが観察される部分において、主相のc軸長:Lc(Å)が、
Lc≧12.05、
Lc+(0.18−0.05×M Tb /M RH )×M RH /M R
−0.03×M Pr /M RL ≦12.18
(ただし、0<M RH /M R ≦0.4)
の関係式を満足する、R−Fe−B系異方性焼結磁石。 - X線回折測定で2θが60.5〜61.5°の範囲内に少なくとも2つの回折ピークが観察される前記部分は、前記磁極面に平行な面のうちの一部のみを占めている請求項1に記載のR−Fe−B系異方性焼結磁石。
- X線回折測定で2θが60.5〜61.5°の範囲内に少なくとも2つの回折ピークが観察される前記部分は、前記磁極面に平行な面において、1mm2以上の面積を有している請求項1に記載のR−Fe−B系異方性焼結磁石。
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PCT/JP2008/002399 WO2009031292A1 (ja) | 2007-09-04 | 2008-09-02 | R-Fe-B系異方性焼結磁石 |
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US (1) | US8177922B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP2184747B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP5201144B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR101474947B1 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN101652820B (ja) |
BR (1) | BRPI0816463B1 (ja) |
ES (1) | ES2536189T3 (ja) |
HU (1) | HUE025146T2 (ja) |
PL (1) | PL2184747T3 (ja) |
PT (1) | PT2184747E (ja) |
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Cited By (1)
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JP5626226B2 (ja) * | 2010-02-10 | 2014-11-19 | 日立金属株式会社 | 磁力特性算出方法、磁力特性算出装置及びコンピュータプログラム |
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HUE025146T2 (en) * | 2007-09-04 | 2016-01-28 | Hitachi Metals Ltd | R-Fe-B anisotropic sintered magnet |
EP2455954B1 (en) * | 2009-07-15 | 2019-10-16 | Hitachi Metals, Ltd. | Process for production of r-t-b based sintered magnets |
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KR101474946B1 (ko) * | 2007-07-27 | 2014-12-19 | 히다찌긴조꾸가부시끼가이사 | R-Fe-B계 희토류 소결 자석 |
HUE025146T2 (en) * | 2007-09-04 | 2016-01-28 | Hitachi Metals Ltd | R-Fe-B anisotropic sintered magnet |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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EP2184747A4 (en) | 2011-08-31 |
CN101652820A (zh) | 2010-02-17 |
PT2184747E (pt) | 2015-06-01 |
PL2184747T3 (pl) | 2015-10-30 |
EP2184747B1 (en) | 2015-04-22 |
EP2184747A1 (en) | 2010-05-12 |
KR101474947B1 (ko) | 2014-12-19 |
ES2536189T3 (es) | 2015-05-21 |
US8177922B2 (en) | 2012-05-15 |
CN101652820B (zh) | 2012-06-27 |
BRPI0816463B1 (pt) | 2022-04-05 |
KR20100049503A (ko) | 2010-05-12 |
WO2009031292A1 (ja) | 2009-03-12 |
US20110205006A1 (en) | 2011-08-25 |
BRPI0816463A2 (pt) | 2015-03-24 |
JPWO2009031292A1 (ja) | 2010-12-09 |
HUE025146T2 (en) | 2016-01-28 |
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