JP4986625B2 - 膜の製造方法および当該方法で製造された膜を用いた半導体装置 - Google Patents
膜の製造方法および当該方法で製造された膜を用いた半導体装置 Download PDFInfo
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- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012495 reaction gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- LIVNPJMFVYWSIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon monoxide Chemical compound [Si-]#[O+] LIVNPJMFVYWSIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/22—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the deposition of inorganic material, other than metallic material
- C23C16/30—Deposition of compounds, mixtures or solid solutions, e.g. borides, carbides, nitrides
- C23C16/38—Borides
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/44—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating
- C23C16/50—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating using electric discharges
- C23C16/505—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating using electric discharges using radio frequency discharges
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02104—Forming layers
- H01L21/02107—Forming insulating materials on a substrate
- H01L21/02109—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the type of layer, e.g. type of material, porous/non-porous, pre-cursors, mixtures or laminates
- H01L21/02112—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the type of layer, e.g. type of material, porous/non-porous, pre-cursors, mixtures or laminates characterised by the material of the layer
- H01L21/02123—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the type of layer, e.g. type of material, porous/non-porous, pre-cursors, mixtures or laminates characterised by the material of the layer the material containing silicon
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/04—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer
- H01L21/18—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer the devices having semiconductor bodies comprising elements of Group IV of the Periodic Table or AIIIBV compounds with or without impurities, e.g. doping materials
- H01L21/30—Treatment of semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/26
- H01L21/31—Treatment of semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/26 to form insulating layers thereon, e.g. for masking or by using photolithographic techniques; After treatment of these layers; Selection of materials for these layers
- H01L21/314—Inorganic layers
- H01L21/318—Inorganic layers composed of nitrides
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- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/70—Manufacture or treatment of devices consisting of a plurality of solid state components formed in or on a common substrate or of parts thereof; Manufacture of integrated circuit devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/71—Manufacture of specific parts of devices defined in group H01L21/70
- H01L21/768—Applying interconnections to be used for carrying current between separate components within a device comprising conductors and dielectrics
- H01L21/76801—Applying interconnections to be used for carrying current between separate components within a device comprising conductors and dielectrics characterised by the formation and the after-treatment of the dielectrics, e.g. smoothing
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- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02104—Forming layers
- H01L21/02107—Forming insulating materials on a substrate
- H01L21/02109—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the type of layer, e.g. type of material, porous/non-porous, pre-cursors, mixtures or laminates
- H01L21/02112—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the type of layer, e.g. type of material, porous/non-porous, pre-cursors, mixtures or laminates characterised by the material of the layer
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- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
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- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
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- H01L21/02107—Forming insulating materials on a substrate
- H01L21/02225—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the process for the formation of the insulating layer
- H01L21/0226—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the process for the formation of the insulating layer formation by a deposition process
- H01L21/02263—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the process for the formation of the insulating layer formation by a deposition process deposition from the gas or vapour phase
- H01L21/02271—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the process for the formation of the insulating layer formation by a deposition process deposition from the gas or vapour phase deposition by decomposition or reaction of gaseous or vapour phase compounds, i.e. chemical vapour deposition
- H01L21/02274—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the process for the formation of the insulating layer formation by a deposition process deposition from the gas or vapour phase deposition by decomposition or reaction of gaseous or vapour phase compounds, i.e. chemical vapour deposition in the presence of a plasma [PECVD]
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Description
本発明において、ボラジン骨格を有する化合物としては、ボラジン骨格を有するものであれば、従来公知の適宜の化合物を特に制限なく用いることができるが、特に、誘電率、熱膨張係数、耐熱性、熱伝導性、機械的強度等が向上された膜を製造することができる点から、下記化学式(1)で示される化合物を原料として用いることが好ましい。
本発明の膜の製造方法において、基板上に成膜するために、化学的気相成長法(CVD)を用いる。膜形成にCVD法を用いると、上記原料のガスが順次架橋しながら膜を形成するため架橋密度を高くすることができるので膜の機械強度が増すことが期待できる。
本発明の膜の製造方法は、従来公知の適宜の装置を用いて行なうことができる。上述のように、本発明の膜の製造方法においてCVDの際にプラズマを合わせて用いる場合、特に好適に用いられる装置として、ボラジン骨格を有する化合物を供給する手段と、プラズマを発生させるためのプラズマ発生器と、基板を設置する電極に負電荷を印加する手段とを備えるプラズマCVD装置(PCVD装置)を挙げることができる。当該装置において、たとえば室温のボラジン化合物を加熱するための気化機構を有する装置内に導入して気化させる方法、あるいはボラジン化合物を貯蔵した容器自体を加熱してボラジン化合物を気化させた後、このときボラジン化合物が気化することにより上昇した圧力を利用して、気化したボラジン化合物を装置に導入する方法、あるいはAr、He、窒素その他のガスを気化したボラジン化合物と混合して装置に導入する方法などにより、ボラジン骨格を有する化合物を供給するように実現される。中でも、原料の熱による変性が起こりにくいという観点から、室温のボラジン化合物を加熱する気化機構を装置内に導入して気化させる方法により、ボラジン骨格を有する化合物を供給するように実現されるのが好ましい。
本発明の膜の製造方法によれば、従来のボラジン骨格を有する化合物を原料として用いた膜と比較して、より低誘電率な膜を製造することができる。ここで、「低誘電率」とは、一定の誘電率を長時間にわたり安定して維持できるという意味であり、具体的には、従来の製法による膜では3.0〜1.8程度の誘電率を数日間維持していたのに対し、本発明では前記誘電率を少なくとも数年間維持することができる。なお、この低誘電率は、たとえば、一定期間、保存した膜を成膜直後と同様の方法で誘電率を測定することで確認することができる。
本発明は、上述した本発明の製造方法で得られた膜を用いた半導体装置も提供するものである。図5は、本発明の好ましい一例の半導体装置21を模式的に示す断面図である。図5の半導体装置21は、上述した本発明の膜を、配線間の絶縁材料(層間絶縁膜)として用いた例を示している。
図1に示した例の平行平板型のプラズマCVD装置を用いて以下の成膜を行った。キャリアガスとしてヘリウムを用い、流量を200sccmに設定して反応容器へ投入した。また、原料ガスとしてB,B,B,N,N,N−ヘキサメチルボラジンガスを、流量を10sccmに設定して、加熱されたガス導入口を通じて基板が置かれた反応容器中に導入した。B,B,B,N,N,N−ヘキサメチルボラジンガスの蒸気温度は150℃とした。また、基板温度を100℃に加熱しこの基板を設置している給電電極側から13.56MHzの高周波電流を150Wになるように印加した。なお、反応容器内の圧力を2Paに維持した。これにより、基板上に成膜を行った。
実施例1と同様な方法で原料ガスの種類を替えて作成した膜のTDS測定を行なった。実施例2〜9(給電電極側で成膜を行なった場合)についての結果を表1、比較例2〜9(対向電極側で成膜を行なった場合)についての結果を表2に示す。また、実施例10〜13(給電電極側で成膜を行なった場合)についての結果を表3、比較例10〜13(対向電極側で成膜を行なった場合)についての結果を表4に示す。
図5に示した例の半導体装置21を作製した。まず、シリコン製の半導体基板22上に、図1に示したPCVD装置を用い、実施例2に示したN,N,N−トリメチルボラジンを原料に用い、給電電極側に負の電荷を印加して厚み0.2μmの第1の絶縁層23を形成した。この第1の絶縁層23にレジスト膜をパターン露光した後、現像してレジストパターンを得て、これをエッチングすることで上記第1の導電層24にまで幅0.1μm、深さ0.1μmの凹部(第1の配線形状に相当)を形成した後、この凹部を充填するように銅製の第1の導電層24を形成した。次に、第1の絶縁層23および第1の導電層24上に、図1に示したPCVD装置を用い、実施例2に示したN,N,N−トリメチルボラジンを原料に用い、給電電極側に負の電荷を印加して厚み0.2μmの第2の絶縁層25を形成した。この第2の絶縁層25に、レジスト膜をパターン露光した後、現像してレジストパターンを得て、これをエッチングすることで上記第1の導電層24にまで達するように貫通して直径0.1μmの孔を形成した後、この孔を充填するように銅製の第2の導電層26を形成した。さらに、第2の絶縁層25および第2の導電層26上に、図1に示したPCVD装置を用い、実施例2に示したN,N,N−トリメチルボラジンを原料に用い、給電電極側に負の電荷を印加して厚み0.2μmの第3の絶縁層27を形成し、この第3の絶縁層27にレジスト膜をパターン露光した後、現像してレジストパターンを得て、これをエッチングすることで幅0.1μm、深さ0.2μmの凹部(第2の配線形状に相当)を形成し、この凹部を充填するようにして銅製の第3の導電層28を形成した。さらに、この第3の絶縁層27および第3の導電層上に図1に示したPCVD装置を用い、実施例2に示したN,N,N−トリメチルボラジンを原料に用い、給電電極側に負の電荷を印加して厚み0.05μmの第4の絶縁層を形成し、図5に示した例の半導体装置21を作製した。
図6に示した例の半導体装置41を作製した。シリコン製の半導体基板42にそれぞれゲート電極43、ソース電極44およびドレイン電極45が形成されてなる電界効果型トランジスタに、図1に示したPCVD装置を用い、実施例2に示したN,N,N−トリメチルボラジンを原料に用い、給電電極側に負の電荷を印加して厚み0.05μmの保護膜46を形成し、図6に示した例の半導体装置41を作製した。
Claims (3)
- 下記式(1)で示されるボラジン骨格を有する化合物を原料として用い、化学的気相成長法を用いて基板上に膜を形成する方法において、プラズマにより前記化合物を励起させて原料ガスの陽イオンおよびラジカルを生成し、前記基板が設置される部位に印加された負電荷により前記陽イオンを選択的に前記基板にひきつけ、前記陽イオンを架橋させて、前記基板にボラジン骨格を有する膜を堆積させることを特徴とする、膜の製造方法。
- 請求項1に記載の方法によって製造された膜を用いた半導体装置であって、前記膜を配線間の絶縁材料として用いたものである半導体装置。
- 請求項1に記載の方法によって製造された膜を用いた半導体装置であって、前記膜を素子上の保護膜として用いたものである半導体装置。
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WO2006043432A1 (ja) * | 2004-10-19 | 2006-04-27 | Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha | 膜の製造方法および当該方法で製造された膜を用いた半導体装置 |
JP4497323B2 (ja) * | 2006-03-29 | 2010-07-07 | 三菱電機株式会社 | プラズマcvd装置 |
JP5022116B2 (ja) * | 2007-06-18 | 2012-09-12 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | 半導体装置の製造方法及び製造装置 |
JP2009102234A (ja) * | 2007-10-20 | 2009-05-14 | Nippon Shokubai Co Ltd | 放熱材料形成用化合物 |
FR2923221B1 (fr) * | 2007-11-07 | 2012-06-01 | Air Liquide | Procede de depot par cvd ou pvd de composes de bore |
WO2011127258A1 (en) | 2010-04-07 | 2011-10-13 | Massachusetts Institute Of Technology | Fabrication of large-area hexagonal boron nitride thin films |
RU2482121C1 (ru) * | 2012-03-23 | 2013-05-20 | ФЕДЕРАЛЬНОЕ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННОЕ БЮДЖЕТНОЕ УЧРЕЖДЕНИЕ НАУКИ ИНСТИТУТ ОРГАНИЧЕСКОЙ ХИМИИ им. Н.Д. ЗЕЛИНСКОГО РОССИЙСКОЙ АКАДЕМИИ НАУК (ИОХ РАН) | Способ получения в-триаллилборазола (варианты) |
US10512988B2 (en) * | 2014-03-25 | 2019-12-24 | Sumitomo Metal Mining Co., Ltd. | Coated solder material and method for producing same |
JP6347705B2 (ja) * | 2014-09-17 | 2018-06-27 | 株式会社日立国際電気 | 半導体装置の製造方法、基板処理装置およびプログラム |
KR102084296B1 (ko) * | 2016-12-15 | 2020-03-03 | 도쿄엘렉트론가부시키가이샤 | 성막 방법, 붕소 막 및 성막 장치 |
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WO2006043433A1 (ja) | 2006-04-27 |
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US20080038585A1 (en) | 2008-02-14 |
JPWO2006043432A1 (ja) | 2008-05-22 |
CN100464395C (zh) | 2009-02-25 |
TWI280622B (en) | 2007-05-01 |
CN101044603A (zh) | 2007-09-26 |
US20080029027A1 (en) | 2008-02-07 |
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