JP4789264B2 - ファスジル含有製剤及びその安定性を改善する方法 - Google Patents
ファスジル含有製剤及びその安定性を改善する方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP4789264B2 JP4789264B2 JP2006510927A JP2006510927A JP4789264B2 JP 4789264 B2 JP4789264 B2 JP 4789264B2 JP 2006510927 A JP2006510927 A JP 2006510927A JP 2006510927 A JP2006510927 A JP 2006510927A JP 4789264 B2 JP4789264 B2 JP 4789264B2
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- Prior art keywords
- fasudil
- less
- acid
- aqueous solution
- colorless
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
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- 229960002435 fasudil Drugs 0.000 title claims description 87
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 26
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- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title description 14
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 40
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000007857 degradation product Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000004040 coloring Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- LFVPBERIVUNMGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N fasudil hydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.C=1C=CC2=CN=CC=C2C=1S(=O)(=O)N1CCCNCC1 LFVPBERIVUNMGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 78
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 26
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
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- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
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- -1 fasudil hydrochloride anhydride Chemical class 0.000 description 7
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- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 4
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- CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N Ascorbic acid Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N 0.000 description 3
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N Fumaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C\C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Succinic acid Natural products OC(=O)CCC(O)=O KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- 239000003708 ampul Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N beta-D-glucose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000010338 boric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-NUQCWPJISA-N butanedioic acid Chemical compound O[14C](=O)CC[14C](O)=O KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-NUQCWPJISA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 235000014655 lactic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000004310 lactic acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011975 tartaric acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229960001367 tartaric acid Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 235000002906 tartaric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- PUPZLCDOIYMWBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N (+/-)-1,3-Butanediol Chemical compound CC(O)CCO PUPZLCDOIYMWBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HVBSAKJJOYLTQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-aminobenzenesulfonic acid Chemical compound NC1=CC=C(S(O)(=O)=O)C=C1 HVBSAKJJOYLTQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-KVTDHHQDSA-N D-Mannitol Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-KVTDHHQDSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RGHNJXZEOKUKBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N D-gluconic acid Natural products OCC(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)=O RGHNJXZEOKUKBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZAFNJMIOTHYJRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diisopropyl ether Chemical compound CC(C)OC(C)C ZAFNJMIOTHYJRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethoxyethane Chemical compound COCCOC XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- AEMRFAOFKBGASW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycolic acid Chemical compound OCC(O)=O AEMRFAOFKBGASW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium chloride Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Cl-].[Cl-] TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- AFVFQIVMOAPDHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanesulfonic acid Chemical compound CS(O)(=O)=O AFVFQIVMOAPDHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Naphthalene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 238000002835 absorbance Methods 0.000 description 2
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- OSASVXMJTNOKOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorobutanol Chemical compound CC(C)(O)C(Cl)(Cl)Cl OSASVXMJTNOKOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- DDRJAANPRJIHGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N creatinine Chemical compound CN1CC(=O)NC1=N DDRJAANPRJIHGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 2
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- AACOJGPCMIDLEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N fasudil hydrochloride hydrate Chemical compound O.Cl.Cl.C=1C=CC2=CN=CC=C2C=1S(=O)(=O)N1CCCNCC1.C=1C=CC2=CN=CC=C2C=1S(=O)(=O)N1CCCNCC1 AACOJGPCMIDLEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- JXKPEJDQGNYQSM-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium propionate Chemical compound [Na+].CCC([O-])=O JXKPEJDQGNYQSM-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
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- WYXIGTJNYDDFFH-UHFFFAOYSA-Q triazanium;borate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[NH4+].[O-]B([O-])[O-] WYXIGTJNYDDFFH-UHFFFAOYSA-Q 0.000 description 1
- RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K trisodium phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 229910000406 trisodium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
- A61K9/0012—Galenical forms characterised by the site of application
- A61K9/0019—Injectable compositions; Intramuscular, intravenous, arterial, subcutaneous administration; Compositions to be administered through the skin in an invasive manner
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
- A61K31/55—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having seven-membered rings, e.g. azelastine, pentylenetetrazole
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Description
[1]ファスジル又はその塩類の水溶液のpHを5.5以下にすることを特徴とする無色透明な容器中でのファスジル又はその塩類の光安定性の改善方法。
[2]ファスジル又はその塩類の水溶液のpHを5以下にする[1]に記載の改善方法。
[3]光安定性の改善が、ファスジルの分解物含有率低減、及び/又は着色防止である[1]又は[2]に記載の改善方法。
[4]ファスジル又はその塩類の水溶液が、血管内注射剤である[1]〜[3]のいずれかに記載の改善方法。
[5]無色透明な容器が、無色透明ガラス容器である[1]〜[4]のいずれかに記載の改善方法。
[6]無色透明な容器中でのファスジル又はその塩類の水溶液の保存方法であって、該水溶液のpHを5.5以下にすることを特徴とするファスジル又はその塩類の水溶液の保存方法。
[7]ファスジル又はその塩類の水溶液のpHを5以下にする[6]に記載の保存方法。
[8]ファスジル又はその塩類の水溶液が、血管内注射剤である[6]又は[7]に記載の保存方法。
[9]無色透明な容器が、無色透明ガラス容器である[6]、[7]、[8]のいずれかに記載の保存方法。
[10]ファスジル又はその塩類を有効成分とするpH5.5以下の水溶液を無色透明な容器に無菌充填せしめたことを特徴とする注射液剤。
[11]ファスジル又はその塩類の水溶液のpHが5以下である[10]に記載の注射液剤。
[12]ファスジル又はその塩類の水溶液が、血管内注射剤である[10]、[11]のいずれかに記載の注射液剤。
[13]無色透明な容器が、無色透明ガラス容器である[10]、[11] 、[12]のいずれかに記載の注射液剤。
また、本発明においては、以下の発明も例示することができる。
(1)無色透明容器に塩酸ファスジル水溶液が充填されてなる塩酸ファスジル含有製剤であって、D65ランプによる60万Lux・hr照射後における塩酸ファスジルの残存度が95%以上である塩酸ファスジル含有製剤。
(2)塩酸ファスジル水溶液のpHが7.5以下である上記(1)に記載の塩酸ファスジル含有製剤。
(3)無色透明容器に塩酸ファスジル水溶液が充填されてなる、塩酸ファスジル含有製剤であって、充填された塩酸ファスジル水溶液のpHが7.5以下である塩酸ファスジル含有製剤。
(4)塩酸ファスジルの光に対する安定性を改善する方法であって、塩酸ファスジル水溶液のpHを7.5以下にすることによって、D65ランプによる、60万Lux・hr照射に対する安定性を改善する方法。
(5)無色透明容器における塩酸ファスジル水溶液の保存方法であって、該水溶液のpHを7.5以下にする塩酸ファスジル水溶液の保存方法。
また、褐色容器は無色透明容器と比較するとコスト高であり、また、褐色容器においては、内部の薬液の状態が確認しにくく、カメラの画像処理による内容液の自動検査に際しては、不溶性異物の検出精度が低下することが指摘できるが、本発明によれば、褐色容器の使用を避けることが出来るため、コストが抑えられ、不溶性異物を含む不良製品を確実に排除し、高い品質を保った製剤を安定的に提供できるという利点もある。
本願発明において、無色透明な容器としては、波長450nmの光の透過率が45%以上の容器が好ましい例として挙げられる。好ましくは50%以上、さらに好ましくは55%以上である。波長450nmの光の透過率が45%以上であると、内容物の視認が容易となってくる。視認性が優れるかどうか、すなわち容器内部の内容液を容器の外から観察する場合の観察しやすさは、例えば、容器内に水不溶性微粒子を混入させ、混入を認めるまでに必要な時間を計測する方法により確認することができる。
また、pH緩衝剤としては、製薬上添加可能なpH緩衝作用を有するものが用いられ、例えば酢酸、クエン酸、コハク酸、酒石酸、リン酸、乳酸およびその塩などから適宜選ばれてなる組成が挙げられる。
使用する容器は、透明性を保てるのであれば、コーティング若しくは塗装、フィルム等を被覆することができる。
また、ガラスの内面処理方法は、透明性を有するものであればどのような処理方法でも構わないが、例えば、無処理、シリコン処理、サルファー処理、シリコンおよびサルファー処理等が挙げられる。
また、バイアル、ソフトバック等の容器で使用されるゴム栓の表面処理はシリコン処理、フッ素樹脂コーティングなどを必要に応じて行なってもよい。
尚、ファスジルの投与経路は経口投与、動脈注射、静脈注射、皮下注射、皮内注射、筋肉内注射、点滴注射などが挙げられるが、血管内への注射が好ましく、点滴注射、あるいは静脈注射が好ましい例として挙げられる。剤形としては、血管投与用等を始めとする注射剤が好ましい。
また、本発明の注射剤はpHが低い場合には生体への刺激も想定されるが、その際には、投与時に電解質液又は糖液にて希釈、混合し、pHを上げて使用する形態が好ましい。例えば30mgの注射剤とする場合、これを30mg/1ml又は30mg/2mlの小容量製剤とし、使用時に50ml〜500mlの電解質液又は糖液で希釈し投与する形態が挙げられる。注射剤としての容量の上限は、50ml以下が好ましく、30ml以下が更に好ましく、10ml以下が特に好ましく、2ml以下が最も好ましい。また容量の下限は0.5ml以上が好ましく、0.75ml以上が更に好ましく、1ml以上が特に好ましい。
ホモピペラジン(3.413g)をテトラヒドロフラン(57ml)に加えて撹拌、溶解させた後、−5℃に冷却し、内温を10℃以下に保ちながら5−イソキノリンスルホニルクロリド塩酸塩(3.00g)を加え、5℃以下で4時間撹拌した。ついで反応混合液を室温に戻して、不溶物を濾去し、濾液を減圧濃縮後、酢酸エチル(57ml)、水(17ml)、3規定塩酸(6.4ml)を加えて分液し、水層を取得した。得られた水層を酢酸エチル(7ml)にて洗浄した後、その水層に水(6ml)、酢酸エチル(57ml)、6規定水酸化ナトリウム水溶液(3ml)を加えて分液して有機層を得た。この有機層を減圧濃縮後、減圧乾燥することによりファスジル(1.36g)を得た。この場合の収率は41%であった。このファスジルを、特開平9−71582号公報に記載の方法で処理することにより塩酸ファスジルを得た。
なお、上記の参考製造例で用いたテトラヒドロフランを、以下に示す各溶媒に代えて同様に処理することにより、各溶媒の後に括弧書きされた下記の収率でファスジルを得ることもできる。アセトン(22%)、アセトニトリル(30%)、1,2−ジメトキシエタン(31%)、2−ブタノン(24%)、アニソール(34%)、イソプロピルエーテル(10%)、酢酸エチル(38%)、トルエン(18%)などである。但し、アニソール、イソプロピルエーテル、酢酸エチル、トルエンの各溶媒を使用する場合には濾液の濃縮操作は不要であった。
塩酸ファスジル1/2水和物3.08gおよび塩化ナトリウム0.8g(和光純薬製)を水80mlに溶かし、希釈した塩酸又は水酸化ナトリウム試液を加えてpH1、2、3、4、5、6、7、7.5、8、9に調整した後、水を加えて100mlとした。この塩酸ファスジル水溶液を、無菌ろ過し、無色透明ガラス製アンプル(2ml用(ナミコス))に2ml充填した後、熔閉し、前記pH1〜9のファスジル含有製剤(以下、塩酸ファスジル含有製剤と言う)を得た。
上記で得られたpH1〜9の塩酸ファスジル含有製剤のアンプルを、光安定性試験装置LT−120D3CJ型(ナガノ科学機械製作所製)に入れ、D65ランプで、60万Lux・hr照射した。試験は25℃±2℃の一定条件下で行われた。
光照射後、ファスジル水溶液の着色度合いを評価するために、島津製作所製分光光度計UV−2500PC型を使用し波長400nmでの水溶液の透過率を測定した。肉眼による着色の判断が透過率と一致していることを確認し、着色度合を透過率にて評価することとした。
また、上記ファスジル水溶液について、高速液体クロマトグラフ法(HPLC)による分解物含有率(%)の測定を行なった。
分解物含有率(%)は、高速液体クロマトグラフ法にて測定されたピークの面積比(%)であって、ファスジル由来の分解物等のピーク面積を、ファスジルおよびファスジル由来の分解物等の総ピーク面積で除した値に100を乗じたものである。
また、残存度(%)は、ファスジルのピーク面積を、前記総ピーク面積で除した値に100を乗じたものである。分解物含有率(%)=100−残存度(%)の関係となる。
ただし、総ピーク面積は、ファスジルとは由来の関係ない物質、例えば製剤添加剤等のピークを除いたものである。
なお、本明細書において定義する塩酸ファスジルのピーク面積比(%)は±0.5%の測定誤差範囲を含む値である。それぞれの結果を表1に示す。
[光照射条件]
照射光源:D65ランプ(FLR20S・D−EDL−D65/M NA、TOSHIBA製)
照度:5000Lux
照射量:60万Lux・hr
使用試験機:光安定性試験装置LT−120D3CJ(ナガノ科学機械製作所)
温度:25±2℃
[薬液の透過率測定条件]
測定機械:分光光度計UV−2500PC型(島津製作所)
測定波長:400nm
セル :石英製
対照液 :注射用水
[HPLC測定条件]
カラム:YMC−Pack C8 A−203
検出器:紫外吸光光度計 215nm
移動相:0.3mol/lリン酸アンモニウム緩衝液(pH5.0)/アセトニトリル混液
Claims (7)
- 無色透明な容器中における塩酸ファスジル水溶液の光安定性を改善する方法であって、該水溶液のpHを5以下にすることにより該水溶液の光安定性を改善することを特徴とする方法。
- 塩酸ファスジル水溶液のpHを4以下にする請求項1に記載の改善方法。
- 光安定性の改善が、ファスジルの分解物含有率低減、及び/又は着色防止である請求項1又は2に記載の改善方法。
- 塩酸ファスジル水溶液が、血管内注射剤である請求項1〜3のいずれかに記載の改善方法。
- 無色透明な容器が、無色透明ガラス容器である請求項1〜4のいずれかに記載の改善方法。
- 無色透明な容器中での塩酸ファスジル水溶液の保存方法であって、該水溶液のpHを5以下にして保存することを特徴とする方法。
- 塩酸ファスジルを有効成分とするpH5以下の水溶液を無色透明な容器に無菌充填せしめたことを特徴とする注射液剤。
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WO2019167183A1 (ja) * | 2018-02-28 | 2019-09-06 | 興和株式会社 | 医薬品製剤 |
CN108593831B (zh) * | 2018-05-08 | 2020-05-19 | 山东新华制药股份有限公司 | 盐酸法舒地尔有关物质的hplc检测方法 |
CN110327292A (zh) * | 2019-08-11 | 2019-10-15 | 天津乾丰瑞科技有限公司 | 一种盐酸法舒地尔注射制剂及其制备方法 |
CN113318301A (zh) * | 2021-06-28 | 2021-08-31 | 北京科技大学 | 一种大剂量多孔无针注射器 |
WO2023158789A1 (en) | 2022-02-17 | 2023-08-24 | Woolsey Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | Oral formulations of fasudil with ion exchange resin |
WO2024112610A2 (en) * | 2022-11-22 | 2024-05-30 | Woolsey Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | Preparation method of fasudil hydrochloride hemihydrate |
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JPH0924085A (ja) * | 1995-07-11 | 1997-01-28 | Asahi Chem Ind Co Ltd | 塩酸ファスジル注射剤 |
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2005
- 2005-03-04 CA CA2559630A patent/CA2559630C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-03-04 JP JP2006510927A patent/JP4789264B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-03-04 EP EP05720044.6A patent/EP1726306B1/en not_active Not-in-force
- 2005-03-04 KR KR1020067021308A patent/KR101194123B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2005-03-04 CN CN2005800083018A patent/CN1929847B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
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JPS61227581A (ja) * | 1985-04-02 | 1986-10-09 | Asahi Chem Ind Co Ltd | 血管拡張剤 |
WO1997002260A1 (fr) * | 1995-07-03 | 1997-01-23 | Asahi Kasei Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Hydrochlorates de 1-(5-isoquinoleine sulfonyl)homopiperazine |
JPH0924085A (ja) * | 1995-07-11 | 1997-01-28 | Asahi Chem Ind Co Ltd | 塩酸ファスジル注射剤 |
JPH11292787A (ja) * | 1995-08-15 | 1999-10-26 | Asahi Chem Ind Co Ltd | 生理活性ペプチドを含有する経粘膜投与製剤 |
Also Published As
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EP1726306B1 (en) | 2013-10-30 |
US20080234483A1 (en) | 2008-09-25 |
JPWO2005087237A1 (ja) | 2008-01-24 |
CN1929847B (zh) | 2011-01-19 |
CA2559630C (en) | 2012-04-17 |
EP1726306A1 (en) | 2006-11-29 |
US7718797B2 (en) | 2010-05-18 |
CA2559630A1 (en) | 2005-09-22 |
EP1726306A4 (en) | 2012-11-07 |
CN1929847A (zh) | 2007-03-14 |
HK1101347A1 (en) | 2007-10-18 |
KR101194123B1 (ko) | 2012-10-24 |
WO2005087237A1 (ja) | 2005-09-22 |
KR20070008634A (ko) | 2007-01-17 |
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