JP4762314B2 - 水素発生装置およびその使用方法 - Google Patents
水素発生装置およびその使用方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP4762314B2 JP4762314B2 JP2008531081A JP2008531081A JP4762314B2 JP 4762314 B2 JP4762314 B2 JP 4762314B2 JP 2008531081 A JP2008531081 A JP 2008531081A JP 2008531081 A JP2008531081 A JP 2008531081A JP 4762314 B2 JP4762314 B2 JP 4762314B2
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- hydrogen
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- B01J19/2475—Membrane reactors
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- C01B3/02—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen
- C01B3/32—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air
- C01B3/34—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents
- C01B3/38—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents using catalysts
- C01B3/384—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents using catalysts the catalyst being continuously externally heated
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- C01B3/50—Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification
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- C07C1/04—Preparation of hydrocarbons from one or more compounds, none of them being a hydrocarbon from oxides of a carbon from carbon monoxide with hydrogen
- C07C1/0405—Apparatus
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- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Hydrogen, Water And Hydrids (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Description
本発明は、米国陸軍研究所との契約(契約番号:DAAD19−01−C0015)の下でなされたものであり、米国政府は本発明に一定の権利を有する。
(化1)
2NH3 → N2+2H2
(化2)
CnH(2n+2) → Cn(solid)+(n+1)H2
(化3)
CnH(2n+2)+nO2 → nCO2+(n+1)H2
水蒸気改質は、以下の化学式4で表すことができる。
(化4)
CnH(2n+2)+2nH2O → nCO2+(3n+1)H2
11 メタン化装置
12 水素膜反応器
13a 反応室
13b 燃焼室
14 燃料供給源
15 前改質室
16 酸素供給源
17 メタン化装置ライン
18 水素貯蔵容器
19 貯水槽
20 燃料供給ライン
21 第2燃料供給ライン
22 酸素供給ライン
23 排ガス供給ライン
24 燃焼副生成物ライン
26 反応生成物ライン
28 燃料熱交換器
29 予備燃料供給ライン
30 酸素熱交換器
31 燃料電池
32 頂板
34 底板
36 分離板
37a、37b 対向面
38 水素分離膜
39a、39b 対向面
40 水素排気領域
41 反応領域
42 断熱板
46 断熱板
48 断熱板
50 燃焼チャネル
52 シート
54 第2燃料供給源
55 水供給源
56 シート
58 反応チャネル
59 シート
55 予備燃料供給源
68 第1流体入口
70 第2流体入口
72 第2流体出口
76 中間チャネル
78 空気噴射ポンプ
80 吸着剤供給源
81 吸着剤供給源
82 蓄電池
100 水素発生装置
120 燃料供給ライン
124 燃焼副生成物ライン
125 前処理室
140 タンク
142 タンク
144 ポンプ
148 回収水ライン
149 回収水貯蔵容器
191 水供給ライン
200〜204 弁
210 酸素センサ
281 シェル
282 チャネル
283 チャネル
Claims (7)
- 水素分離膜を備え、そしてさらに、燃焼室と反応室とを有し、前記燃焼室が前記反応室と流体接続すると共に熱交換関係にあり、前記反応室が反応領域と水素排気領域とを有する、反応器と、
少なくとも一つの燃料供給源と、
前記燃料供給源から前記反応室へと燃料を移送するための燃料供給ラインと、
酸素供給源と、
前記酸素供給源から前記燃焼室へと酸素を移送するための酸素供給ラインと、
前記燃料供給源から前記燃焼室へと燃料を移送するための第2燃料供給ラインと、
前記反応室から排ガスを移送するための排ガス供給ラインと、
前記燃焼室から燃焼副生成物を移送するための燃焼副生成物ラインと、
前記反応室から水素を移送するための反応生成物ラインとを具え、
ここで、前記燃焼室が該燃焼室を通る流体通路を形成する複数の燃焼チャネルを備え、
前記反応領域が該反応領域を通る流体通路を形成する複数の反応チャネルを備え、そして
前記水素排気領域が該水素排気領域を通る流体通路を形成する複数の水素排気チャネルを備える水素発生装置であって、
ここで、前記反応器が頂板と、底板と、分離板とを具え、
前記分離板が第1および第2の対向する面を有し、
前記頂板と前記分離板の第1面とが一緒に前記反応室を画成し、
前記底板と前記分離板の第2面とが一緒に前記燃焼室を画成し、
第1および第2の対向する面を有する水素分離膜を前記頂板と前記底板との間に配置し、
前記頂板と前記水素分離膜の前記第1面とが一緒に水素排気領域を画成し、
前記分離板と前記水素分離膜の前記第2面とが一緒に反応領域を画成し、
ここで、前記第1燃料供給ラインが燃料を前記反応領域に移送し、前記第2燃料供給ラインが前記燃焼室と流体接続し、前記排ガス供給ラインが前記反応領域から前記燃焼室へと排ガスを移送するためのものであり、そして、
ここで、前記燃焼室の複数の燃焼チャネルが前記分離板の前記第2面又は前記底板から放射状に延在し、前記反応室の複数の反応チャネルが前記分離板の前記第1面から放射状に延在して前記反応領域を通る流体通路を形成し、そして/または前記複数の水素排気チャネルが前記頂板から放射状に延在する、
水素発生装置。 - 第1燃料供給源と、第2燃料供給源と、前記第1燃料供給源から前記反応室へと第1燃料を移送するための第1燃料供給ラインと、前記第2燃料供給源から前記燃焼室へと第2燃料を移送するための第2燃料供給ラインとを更に具える請求項1に記載の水素発生装置。
- 前記第1燃料と前記第2燃料とが同一である請求項2に記載の水素発生装置。
- 前記第2燃料供給ラインが前記酸素供給ラインと流体接続している請求項2に記載の水
素発生装置。 - 前記排ガス供給ラインが前記反応室から前記燃焼室へと排ガスを移送し、前記第2燃料
供給源が前記排ガス供給ラインと流体接続している請求項2に記載の水素発生装置。 - 前記燃料供給ラインおよび前記反応生成物ラインに操作可能に接続された燃料熱交換器
と、前記酸素供給ラインおよび前記燃焼副生成物ラインに操作可能に接続された酸素熱交換器とを更に具える請求項1に記載の水素発生装置。 - 前記燃料がアンモニアであり、更に前記反応生成物ラインおよび前記燃焼副生成物ラインに流体接続したアンモニア吸着剤供給源を具える請求項1に記載の水素発生装置。
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US11/109,220 US7922781B2 (en) | 2001-03-02 | 2005-04-18 | Hydrogen generation apparatus and method for using same |
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US7922781B2 (en) | 2011-04-12 |
JP2009507755A (ja) | 2009-02-26 |
EP1917329A2 (en) | 2008-05-07 |
WO2008024089A2 (en) | 2008-02-28 |
EP1917329A4 (en) | 2011-08-03 |
US20050281735A1 (en) | 2005-12-22 |
WO2008024089A3 (en) | 2009-03-12 |
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