JP4761356B2 - 風味・物性にすぐれた乳素材およびその製造法 - Google Patents
風味・物性にすぐれた乳素材およびその製造法 Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23C—DAIRY PRODUCTS, e.g. MILK, BUTTER OR CHEESE; MILK OR CHEESE SUBSTITUTES; MAKING THEREOF
- A23C9/00—Milk preparations; Milk powder or milk powder preparations
- A23C9/12—Fermented milk preparations; Treatment using microorganisms or enzymes
- A23C9/13—Fermented milk preparations; Treatment using microorganisms or enzymes using additives
- A23C9/1307—Milk products or derivatives; Fruit or vegetable juices; Sugars, sugar alcohols, sweeteners; Oligosaccharides; Organic acids or salts thereof or acidifying agents; Flavours, dyes or pigments; Inert or aerosol gases; Carbonation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23C—DAIRY PRODUCTS, e.g. MILK, BUTTER OR CHEESE; MILK OR CHEESE SUBSTITUTES; MAKING THEREOF
- A23C9/00—Milk preparations; Milk powder or milk powder preparations
- A23C9/18—Milk in dried and compressed or semi-solid form
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A23C—DAIRY PRODUCTS, e.g. MILK, BUTTER OR CHEESE; MILK OR CHEESE SUBSTITUTES; MAKING THEREOF
- A23C1/00—Concentration, evaporation or drying
- A23C1/04—Concentration, evaporation or drying by spraying into a gas stream
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
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- A23C1/00—Concentration, evaporation or drying
- A23C1/12—Concentration by evaporation
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
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- A23C9/00—Milk preparations; Milk powder or milk powder preparations
- A23C9/14—Milk preparations; Milk powder or milk powder preparations in which the chemical composition of the milk is modified by non-chemical treatment
- A23C9/142—Milk preparations; Milk powder or milk powder preparations in which the chemical composition of the milk is modified by non-chemical treatment by dialysis, reverse osmosis or ultrafiltration
- A23C9/1422—Milk preparations; Milk powder or milk powder preparations in which the chemical composition of the milk is modified by non-chemical treatment by dialysis, reverse osmosis or ultrafiltration by ultrafiltration, microfiltration or diafiltration of milk, e.g. for separating protein and lactose; Treatment of the UF permeate
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23C—DAIRY PRODUCTS, e.g. MILK, BUTTER OR CHEESE; MILK OR CHEESE SUBSTITUTES; MAKING THEREOF
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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Description
(1)乳からイオンを除去する工程と、乳の溶存酸素濃度を低減して加熱処理する工程を含む濃縮乳または粉乳の製造方法。
(2)塩化物イオンの除去率が10〜70%である前記(1)項に記載の濃縮乳または粉乳の製造方法。
(3)1価カチオンの除去率が10〜35%である前記(1)または(2)項に記載の濃縮乳または粉乳の製造方法。
(4)溶存酸素濃度を8ppm以下とする前記(1)〜(3)項いずれかに記載の濃縮乳または粉乳の製造方法。
(5)前記(1)〜(4)項いずれかに記載の製造方法により得られる風味のよい濃縮乳または粉乳。
(6)前記(1)〜(4)項いずれかに記載の製造方法により得られ、食品素材として優れた性質を有する濃縮乳または粉乳。
本発明は、乳からイオンを除去することと乳の溶存酸素濃度を低下させることを組み合わせて加熱殺菌を行うことを特徴とする濃縮乳および粉乳の製造方法、当該方法により、従来の濃縮乳や粉乳にない良好な風味と食品原料としての物性向上効果を奏する濃縮乳および粉乳である。
未殺菌原乳(乳脂肪分3.7%、無脂乳固形分8.6%)250kgを10℃にてNF膜(Dow-Filmtech社製)ろ過処理によりイオンの除去を行った。NF膜処理後の固形分は18%であった。この膜処理乳のうち80kgに窒素ガスをバブリングさせた後、タンクに静置して消泡させた。溶存酸素計(東亜電波工業(株);型式DO−21P)で溶存酸素濃度を測定したところ1.5ppmであった。ただちにUHTプレート式殺菌実験機(岩井機械工業社:VHX-CR2-200)にて100℃・45秒間の加熱殺菌を実施後、5℃まで冷却した。次いでこの脱イオン殺菌乳70kgを、減圧エバポレーターにて減圧濃縮を行い固形分35%の濃縮乳30kgを回収した。次いで、濃縮乳のうち25kgを縦型ドライヤーにより噴霧乾燥して、粉乳約9kgを得た。比較区として上記未殺菌原乳のイオン除去乳80kgをUHTプレート式殺菌実験機にて100℃・45秒間の加熱殺菌を実施後、5℃まで冷却した。次いで、この脱イオン殺菌乳70kgを、減圧エバポレーターにて固形分35%となるまで減圧濃縮を行って30kgの濃縮乳を回収した(比較区:濃縮乳)。濃縮乳のうち25kgを噴霧乾燥して、粉乳約9kgを得た(比較区:粉乳)。対照として上記未殺菌原料乳を膜処理も窒素ガス処理も行わず殺菌、濃縮した濃縮乳(対照:濃縮乳)及びさらに噴霧乾燥した粉乳を調製した(対照:粉乳)。
[実施例2]
原料乳を連続遠心式セパレータに通液し、脂肪層を除去することにより無脂肪牛乳(乳脂肪分0.1%、無脂乳固形分8.9%)400kgを得た、UHT/HTST兼用小型プレート式殺菌実験機(流量150L/hr;岩井機械(株)製)にて125℃・15秒間の加熱殺菌を実施後、5℃まで冷却した。得られた無脂肪牛乳は380kgであった。殺菌無脂肪牛乳を350kg分取し、減圧エバポレーターにて固形分濃度が35%となるまで減圧濃縮を行った。水分蒸発量は263kgであり、最終的に87kgの脱脂濃縮乳を得た(対照:脱脂濃縮乳)。次いで、脱脂濃縮乳を80kg分取し、噴霧乾燥して、脱脂粉乳25kgを得た(対照:脱脂粉乳)。
実施例2で調製した脱脂濃縮乳(対照)、比較例A〜本発明Cを、それぞれ蒸留水で希釈して、無脂乳固形分を8.8%に調整し、UHT/HTST兼用小型プレート式殺菌実験機(流量150L/hr;岩井機械(株)製)にて95℃・15秒間の加熱殺菌を行い、5℃まで冷却した。これらの還元脱脂乳サンプルについて、風味特性を明らかにするために官能評価を実施した。官能評価は、5味(甘味、酸味、塩味、苦味、うま味)の識別訓練を受けた専門パネル10名による2点比較法により実施した。結果を図1に示した。
溶存酸素濃度が風味に与える影響を確認するために、実施例2の調製法に準じて未殺菌無脂肪乳をNF膜によりイオン除去した。続いてこの膜処理乳を窒素封入により、溶存酸素濃度が12ppm(窒素無封入)、8ppm、5ppm、2ppmとしてそれぞれ殺菌処理した後、減圧濃縮して脱脂濃縮乳(対照)、本発明D〜Fを得た。
実施例2で調製した脱脂粉乳(対照)および比較例a〜本発明cの風味特性を明らかにするために、各脱脂粉乳を無脂乳固形分が8.8%となるよう蒸留水で希釈して、小型プレート式殺菌実験機にて95℃・15秒間の加熱殺菌を行い、5℃まで冷却した。これらの還元脱脂乳サンプルについて、風味特性を明らかにするために官能評価を実施した。官能評価は、専門パネル10名による2点比較法により実施した。その結果を図2に示した。
しかし、脱イオン処理後溶存酸素濃度を2ppmまで低下させて殺菌、濃縮、噴霧乾燥した本発明b品から調製したサンプルでは、対照や比較例aのサンプルと比較して、生乳特有の口当たりの良さ、フレッシュ感、のど越しの良さ、後味の良さといった官能特性項目でスコアが高くなった。一方、加熱酸化臭はスコアが低くなった。さらに総合的なおいしさの評価も高くなった。
脱イオン処理後溶存酸素濃度を2ppmまで低下させて殺菌、濃縮、噴霧乾燥した本発明c品から調製したサンプルは、対照や比較例aのサンプルと比較して、生乳特有の口当たりの良さ、フレッシュ感、のど越しの良さ、後味の良さといった官能特性項目でスコアが高くなった。さらに総合的なおいしさの評価も高くなった。
実施例2で調製した脱脂粉乳(対照)および比較例a〜本発明cについて、−SH基含量を測定した。粉乳を蒸留水に分散溶解させて常法(J.Dai.Sci.,51,2,p217-219(1968))に従い、比色定量により−SH基含量を測定した結果を図3に示した。
実施例2で調製した脱脂粉乳(対照)、比較例a、本発明b品を使用して、表7に示した配合によりコーヒー乳飲料を調製した。
実施例2で調製した脱脂粉乳(対照)、比較例a、本発明b品を使用して、表9に示した配合により発酵乳を調製した。
実施例2で調製した脱脂粉乳(対照)、比較例a、本発明b品を使用して、表11に示した配合の食パンを作成した。
実施例2で調製した脱脂粉乳(対照)、比較例a、本発明bを使用して、表15に示した配合のコッペパンを作成した。
Claims (1)
- 乳から塩化物イオン、1価カチオンをそれぞれ10〜70%、10〜35%除去し、溶存酸素濃度を8ppm以下として加熱処理することにより得られる食品素材として優れた性質を有する濃縮乳または粉乳。
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JP2005246908A JP4761356B2 (ja) | 2005-08-29 | 2005-08-29 | 風味・物性にすぐれた乳素材およびその製造法 |
CA2620997A CA2620997C (en) | 2005-08-29 | 2006-08-29 | Milk material with good flavor and physico-chemical properties and process of producing the same |
EP06796952.7A EP1929876B2 (en) | 2005-08-29 | 2006-08-29 | Milk material excelling in flavor and property and process for producing the same |
CN2006800402836A CN101296622B (zh) | 2005-08-29 | 2006-08-29 | 具有良好风味和理化特性的奶原料及其生产方法 |
US12/065,396 US20090017176A1 (en) | 2005-08-29 | 2006-08-29 | Milk material with good flavor and physico-chemical properties and process of producing the same |
NZ566972A NZ566972A (en) | 2005-08-29 | 2006-08-29 | Milk material excelling in flavor and property and process for producing the same |
AT06796952T ATE533360T1 (de) | 2005-08-29 | 2006-08-29 | Milchsubstanz mit ausgezeichnetem geschmack und ausgezeichneten eigenschaften, und verfahren zu ihrer herstellung |
AU2006288405A AU2006288405C1 (en) | 2005-08-29 | 2006-08-29 | Milk material with good flavor and physico-chemical properties and process of producing the same |
PCT/JP2006/316975 WO2007029565A1 (ja) | 2005-08-29 | 2006-08-29 | 風味・物性にすぐれた乳素材およびその製造法 |
DK06796952.7T DK1929876T4 (en) | 2005-08-29 | 2006-08-29 | Milk substance which is distinguished in taste and properties, and method for producing this. |
KR1020087007465A KR101179808B1 (ko) | 2005-08-29 | 2006-08-29 | 풍미ㆍ물성이 우수한 유제품 및 그 제조 방법 |
HK09100497.9A HK1123163A1 (en) | 2005-08-29 | 2009-01-19 | Milk material excelling in flavor and property and process for producing the same |
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WO2005112659A2 (en) * | 2004-05-21 | 2005-12-01 | Cornell Research Foundation, Inc. | Extended shelf life and bulk transport of perishable organic liquids with low pressure carbon dioxide |
CN1960638A (zh) * | 2004-05-28 | 2007-05-09 | 明治乳业株式会社 | 乳饮料的制造方法 |
KR20150041189A (ko) * | 2007-09-26 | 2015-04-15 | 가부시키가이샤 메이지 | 발효유의 제조방법 |
WO2009119646A1 (ja) * | 2008-03-28 | 2009-10-01 | 森永乳業株式会社 | 脱塩ホエイの製造方法 |
JP6002363B2 (ja) * | 2008-08-27 | 2016-10-05 | 株式会社明治 | 濃縮乳およびその製造方法 |
CA2741521C (en) * | 2009-03-30 | 2014-03-04 | Morinaga Milk Industry Co., Ltd. | Method for producing desalted milk, and desalted milk |
US20100310743A1 (en) * | 2009-06-04 | 2010-12-09 | Dean Intellectual Property Services, Inc. | Removing gas additives from raw milk |
US20110076359A1 (en) * | 2009-09-28 | 2011-03-31 | Dean Intellectual Property Services, Inc. | Removing gas additives from raw milk |
CN102711507B (zh) * | 2009-12-25 | 2016-04-13 | 株式会社明治 | 冰淇淋类冷饮及其制造方法 |
CN104284597B (zh) | 2012-03-12 | 2018-05-01 | N·V·努特里奇亚 | 动物脱脂乳的人乳化的方法以及由此获得的产品 |
CN102626136B (zh) * | 2012-04-28 | 2013-09-04 | 光明乳业股份有限公司 | 一种无添加发酵乳及其制备方法 |
CN102907493B (zh) * | 2012-10-23 | 2015-04-22 | 内蒙古蒙牛乳业(集团)股份有限公司 | 一种保持原有风味的液态饮品及其制备方法 |
WO2015041515A1 (en) | 2013-09-19 | 2015-03-26 | N.V. Nutricia | Improved process for the humanization of animal skim milk |
JP6508809B2 (ja) * | 2014-10-30 | 2019-05-08 | 森永乳業株式会社 | 成分調整乳の製造方法 |
WO2017073477A1 (ja) * | 2015-10-26 | 2017-05-04 | 株式会社明治 | 乳含有飲料の製造方法 |
WO2017073476A1 (ja) * | 2015-10-26 | 2017-05-04 | 株式会社明治 | 乳含有飲料の製造方法 |
US11252977B2 (en) * | 2016-07-15 | 2022-02-22 | Arla Foods Amba | Method of producing concentrated or dried acid-gellable whey protein aggregates, and related compositions and food products |
CN107836520A (zh) * | 2017-10-18 | 2018-03-27 | 绿雪生物工程(深圳)有限公司 | 一种最佳饮用时间为餐后一小时内的饮用型发酵乳及其制备方法 |
JPWO2020085518A1 (ja) * | 2018-10-26 | 2021-09-24 | 株式会社明治 | 高タンパク質の乳原料の製造方法 |
JP7350557B2 (ja) * | 2019-08-01 | 2023-09-26 | 株式会社 伊藤園 | 飲料液配合用の乳原料、容器詰飲料および飲料液における凝集抑制方法 |
KR20230090652A (ko) | 2021-12-15 | 2023-06-22 | 박민경 | 농축우유 가공방법 및 이에 의해 가공된 농축우유를 이용한 커피음료 |
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US2708632A (en) † | 1951-07-14 | 1955-05-17 | Nat Dairy Res Lab Inc | Deionization of milk |
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JP3091752B1 (ja) † | 1999-09-09 | 2000-09-25 | 明治乳業株式会社 | 牛乳等の溶存酸素を窒素ガスと置換して殺菌する方法及び窒素ガス置換装置 |
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DK1929876T3 (da) | 2012-01-16 |
EP1929876A4 (en) | 2009-03-18 |
CA2620997A1 (en) | 2007-03-15 |
CN101296622A (zh) | 2008-10-29 |
EP1929876B1 (en) | 2011-11-16 |
KR20080048508A (ko) | 2008-06-02 |
CN101296622B (zh) | 2012-07-18 |
EP1929876B2 (en) | 2015-06-17 |
HK1123163A1 (en) | 2009-06-12 |
CA2620997C (en) | 2012-10-09 |
DK1929876T4 (en) | 2015-07-06 |
KR101179808B1 (ko) | 2012-09-04 |
AU2006288405B2 (en) | 2011-05-19 |
WO2007029565A1 (ja) | 2007-03-15 |
US20090017176A1 (en) | 2009-01-15 |
NZ566972A (en) | 2010-07-30 |
JP2007060901A (ja) | 2007-03-15 |
AU2006288405A1 (en) | 2007-03-15 |
AU2006288405C1 (en) | 2015-03-05 |
EP1929876A1 (en) | 2008-06-11 |
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