JP4751880B2 - 積層抵抗可変メモリ・ディバイスおよびその製造方法 - Google Patents
積層抵抗可変メモリ・ディバイスおよびその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP4751880B2 JP4751880B2 JP2007507347A JP2007507347A JP4751880B2 JP 4751880 B2 JP4751880 B2 JP 4751880B2 JP 2007507347 A JP2007507347 A JP 2007507347A JP 2007507347 A JP2007507347 A JP 2007507347A JP 4751880 B2 JP4751880 B2 JP 4751880B2
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title 1
- 239000005387 chalcogenide glass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 139
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 75
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 74
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 72
- KDSXXMBJKHQCAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N disilver;selenium(2-) Chemical compound [Se-2].[Ag+].[Ag+] KDSXXMBJKHQCAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 70
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 306
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 59
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 59
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000012790 adhesive layer Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- QIHHYQWNYKOHEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-tert-butyl-3-nitrobenzoic acid Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C=C1[N+]([O-])=O QIHHYQWNYKOHEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- -1 silver chalcogenide Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum atom Chemical compound [Ta] GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- MZLGASXMSKOWSE-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum nitride Chemical group [Ta]#N MZLGASXMSKOWSE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000011669 selenium Substances 0.000 description 20
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 16
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 12
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 150000004770 chalcogenides Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 238000005229 chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910052711 selenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 5
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N Selenium Chemical compound [Se] BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005240 physical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 4
- NDVLTYZPCACLMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N silver oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ag+].[Ag+] NDVLTYZPCACLMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002019 doping agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000007740 vapor deposition Methods 0.000 description 3
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YRXWPCFZBSHSAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Ag].[Ag].[Te] Chemical compound [Ag].[Ag].[Te] YRXWPCFZBSHSAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052946 acanthite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000010549 co-Evaporation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009713 electroplating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000623 plasma-assisted chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001923 silver oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XUARKZBEFFVFRG-UHFFFAOYSA-N silver sulfide Chemical compound [S-2].[Ag+].[Ag+] XUARKZBEFFVFRG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229940056910 silver sulfide Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052581 Si3N4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ANYUYUZNKXQRCM-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Ge]=[Se].[Ag] Chemical compound [Ge]=[Se].[Ag] ANYUYUZNKXQRCM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GNWCVDGUVZRYLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Se].[Ag].[Ag] Chemical compound [Se].[Ag].[Ag] GNWCVDGUVZRYLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052785 arsenic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052798 chalcogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001787 chalcogens Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007772 electroless plating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052732 germanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N germanium atom Chemical compound [Ge] GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000059 patterning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920002120 photoresistant polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052699 polonium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HZEBHPIOVYHPMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N polonium atom Chemical compound [Po] HZEBHPIOVYHPMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052594 sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010980 sapphire Substances 0.000 description 1
- KSLZNZZNAHIBHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N selanylidenesilicon Chemical compound [Se]=[Si] KSLZNZZNAHIBHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940082569 selenite Drugs 0.000 description 1
- MCAHWIHFGHIESP-UHFFFAOYSA-L selenite(2-) Chemical compound [O-][Se]([O-])=O MCAHWIHFGHIESP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon nitride Chemical compound N12[Si]34N5[Si]62N3[Si]51N64 HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- VDNSGQQAZRMTCI-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfanylidenegermanium Chemical compound [Ge]=S VDNSGQQAZRMTCI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052714 tellurium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PORWMNRCUJJQNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tellurium atom Chemical compound [Te] PORWMNRCUJJQNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N—ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N70/00—Solid-state devices having no potential barriers, and specially adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching
- H10N70/20—Multistable switching devices, e.g. memristors
- H10N70/24—Multistable switching devices, e.g. memristors based on migration or redistribution of ionic species, e.g. anions, vacancies
- H10N70/245—Multistable switching devices, e.g. memristors based on migration or redistribution of ionic species, e.g. anions, vacancies the species being metal cations, e.g. programmable metallization cells
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N—ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N70/00—Solid-state devices having no potential barriers, and specially adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching
- H10N70/20—Multistable switching devices, e.g. memristors
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
- G11C—STATIC STORES
- G11C13/00—Digital stores characterised by the use of storage elements not covered by groups G11C11/00, G11C23/00, or G11C25/00
- G11C13/0002—Digital stores characterised by the use of storage elements not covered by groups G11C11/00, G11C23/00, or G11C25/00 using resistive RAM [RRAM] elements
- G11C13/0004—Digital stores characterised by the use of storage elements not covered by groups G11C11/00, G11C23/00, or G11C25/00 using resistive RAM [RRAM] elements comprising amorphous/crystalline phase transition cells
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N—ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N70/00—Solid-state devices having no potential barriers, and specially adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching
- H10N70/011—Manufacture or treatment of multistable switching devices
- H10N70/021—Formation of switching materials, e.g. deposition of layers
- H10N70/023—Formation of switching materials, e.g. deposition of layers by chemical vapor deposition, e.g. MOCVD, ALD
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N—ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N70/00—Solid-state devices having no potential barriers, and specially adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching
- H10N70/011—Manufacture or treatment of multistable switching devices
- H10N70/021—Formation of switching materials, e.g. deposition of layers
- H10N70/026—Formation of switching materials, e.g. deposition of layers by physical vapor deposition, e.g. sputtering
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N—ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N70/00—Solid-state devices having no potential barriers, and specially adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching
- H10N70/801—Constructional details of multistable switching devices
- H10N70/821—Device geometry
- H10N70/826—Device geometry adapted for essentially vertical current flow, e.g. sandwich or pillar type devices
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N—ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N70/00—Solid-state devices having no potential barriers, and specially adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching
- H10N70/801—Constructional details of multistable switching devices
- H10N70/881—Switching materials
- H10N70/882—Compounds of sulfur, selenium or tellurium, e.g. chalcogenides
- H10N70/8825—Selenides, e.g. GeSe
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Semiconductor Memories (AREA)
- Glass Compositions (AREA)
Description
Claims (30)
- 第1の電極と,
前記第1の電極に電気的に結合された第1のカルコゲナイド・ガラス層と,
前記第1のカルコゲナイド・ガラス層の上の第2のカルコゲナイド・ガラス層と,
前記第1および第2のカルコゲナイド・ガラス層の間の金属含有層と,
前記第2のカルコゲナイド・ガラス層の上の銀による金属層と,
前記金属層の上のカルコゲナイド・ガラスによって構成される導電性接着層と,
前記導電性接着層に電気的に結合された第2の電極と
を含む抵抗可変メモリ素子。 - 前記金属含有層が銀カルコゲナイド層である,請求項1に記載の抵抗可変メモリ素子。
- 前記金属含有層がセレン化銀である,請求項2に記載の抵抗可変メモリ素子。
- 前記セレン化銀層が式Ag2+/−xSeで表され,xの範囲が1から0である,請求項3に記載の抵抗可変メモリ素子。
- 前記金属含有層の厚さが前記第1および第2のカルコゲナイド・ガラス層の厚さの1から5倍である,請求項1に記載の抵抗可変メモリ素子。
- 前記金属含有層の厚さが470Åである,請求項1に記載の抵抗可変メモリ素子。
- 前記銀層の厚さが200Åである,請求項1に記載の抵抗可変メモリ素子。
- 前記第1のカルコゲナイド・ガラス層および前記第2のカルコゲナイド・ガラス層のそれぞれの厚さが100Åから1000Åである,請求項1に記載の抵抗可変メモリ素子。
- 前記第1のカルコゲナイド・ガラス層および前記第2のカルコゲナイド・ガラス層のそれぞれの厚さが150Åである,請求項1に記載の抵抗可変メモリ素子。
- 前記第1のカルコゲナイド・ガラス層および前記第2のカルコゲナイド・ガラス層が,式GexSe100−x(xは17から43)を有する材料を含む,請求項1に記載の抵抗可変メモリ素子。
- 前記第1のカルコゲナイド・ガラス層および前記第2のカルコゲナイド・ガラス層が,化学量論がGe40Se60であるセレン化ゲルマニウム・ガラスを含む,請求項1に記載の抵抗可変メモリ素子。
- 前記導電性接着層が,化学量論がGe40Se60であるセレン化ゲルマニウム・ガラスである,請求項1に記載の抵抗可変メモリ素子。
- 前記導電性接着層の厚さが100Åである,請求項1に記載の抵抗可変メモリ素子。
- 前記第1および第2の電極が,タングステン,ニッケル,タンタル,アルミニウム,白金,銀および導電性窒化物からなる群から選択される,請求項1に記載の抵抗可変メモリ素子。
- 前記第1の電極がタングステンである,請求項13に記載の抵抗可変メモリ素子。
- 前記第2の電極が窒化タンタルである,請求項13に記載の抵抗可変メモリ素子。
- 第1の電極を形成するステップと,
前記第1の電極に電気的に結合された第1のカルコゲナイド・ガラス層を形成するステップと,
前記第1のカルコゲナイド・ガラス層の上に第2のカルコゲナイド・ガラス層を形成するステップと,
前記第1および第2のカルコゲナイド・ガラス層の間に金属含有層を形成するステップと,
前記第2のカルコゲナイド・ガラス層の上に銀よりなる金属層を形成するステップと,
前記金属層の上にカルコゲナイド・ガラスによって構成される導電性接着層を形成するステップと,
前記導電性接着層に電気的に結合された上部電極を形成するステップとを含む,
抵抗可変メモリ素子の形成方法。 - 前記金属含有層が銀カルコゲナイド層である,請求項17に記載の方法。
- 前記金属含有層がセレン化銀である,請求項18に記載の方法。
- 前記金属含有層の厚さが前記第1および第2カルコゲナイド・ガラス層の厚さの1から5倍である,請求項17に記載の方法。
- 前記金属含有層の厚さが470Åである,請求項18に記載の方法。
- 前記金属層の厚さが200Åである,請求項17に記載の方法。
- 前記第1のカルコゲナイド・ガラス層および前記第2のカルコゲナイド・ガラス層のそれぞれの厚さが100Åから1000Åである,請求項17に記載の方法。
- 前記第1のカルコゲナイド・ガラス層および前記第2のカルコゲナイド・ガラス層のそれぞれの厚さが150Åである,請求項23に記載の方法。
- 前記第1のカルコゲナイド・ガラス層および前記第2のカルコゲナイド・ガラス層が,式GexSe100−x(xは17から43)を有する材料を含む,請求項17に記載の方法。
- 前記第1のカルコゲナイド・ガラス層および前記第2のカルコゲナイド・ガラス層が,化学量論がGe40Se60であるセレン化ゲルマニウム・ガラスを含む,請求項25に記載の方法。
- 前記導電性接着層が,化学量論がGe40Se60であるセレン化ゲルマニウム・ガラスである,請求項17に記載の抵抗可変メモリ素子。
- 前記導電性接着層の厚さが100Åである,請求項17に記載の方法。
- 前記メモリ素子構造の両端にコンディショニング電位を印加するステップをさらに含む,請求項17に記載の方法。
- 前記コンディショニング電位のパルス幅の範囲が100ナノ秒から500ナノ秒である,請求項29に記載の方法。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US10/819,315 | 2004-04-07 | ||
US10/819,315 US7087919B2 (en) | 2002-02-20 | 2004-04-07 | Layered resistance variable memory device and method of fabrication |
PCT/US2005/009957 WO2005101539A1 (en) | 2004-04-07 | 2005-03-24 | Layered resistance variable memory device and method of fabrication |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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JP2007533136A JP2007533136A (ja) | 2007-11-15 |
JP4751880B2 true JP4751880B2 (ja) | 2011-08-17 |
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JP2007507347A Active JP4751880B2 (ja) | 2004-04-07 | 2005-03-24 | 積層抵抗可変メモリ・ディバイスおよびその製造方法 |
Country Status (10)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US7087919B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1738421B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4751880B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR20060132038A (ja) |
CN (1) | CN1965418A (ja) |
AT (1) | ATE424044T1 (ja) |
DE (1) | DE602005012938D1 (ja) |
SG (1) | SG139754A1 (ja) |
TW (1) | TWI303846B (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2005101539A1 (ja) |
Families Citing this family (79)
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US7151273B2 (en) | 2002-02-20 | 2006-12-19 | Micron Technology, Inc. | Silver-selenide/chalcogenide glass stack for resistance variable memory |
KR100706805B1 (ko) | 2006-01-27 | 2007-04-12 | 삼성전자주식회사 | 상변화 메모리 소자 및 그 제조 방법 |
US7425735B2 (en) * | 2003-02-24 | 2008-09-16 | Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. | Multi-layer phase-changeable memory devices |
US7115927B2 (en) | 2003-02-24 | 2006-10-03 | Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. | Phase changeable memory devices |
DE102004020297B4 (de) * | 2004-04-26 | 2007-06-21 | Infineon Technologies Ag | Verfahren zur Herstellung resistiv schaltender Speicherbauelemente |
US20060045974A1 (en) * | 2004-08-25 | 2006-03-02 | Campbell Kristy A | Wet chemical method to form silver-rich silver-selenide |
US7138290B2 (en) * | 2004-12-03 | 2006-11-21 | Micron Technology, Inc. | Methods of depositing silver onto a metal selenide-comprising surface and methods of depositing silver onto a selenium-comprising surface |
DE102004061548A1 (de) * | 2004-12-21 | 2006-06-29 | Infineon Technologies Ag | Integration von 1T1R-CBRAM-Speicherzellen |
FR2880177B1 (fr) * | 2004-12-23 | 2007-05-18 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | Memoire pmc ayant un temps de retention et une vitesse d'ecriture ameliores |
US7767992B2 (en) * | 2005-08-09 | 2010-08-03 | Ovonyx, Inc. | Multi-layer chalcogenide devices |
KR100637235B1 (ko) * | 2005-08-26 | 2006-10-20 | 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 | 플라즈마 디스플레이 패널 |
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US20040192006A1 (en) | 2004-09-30 |
SG139754A1 (en) | 2008-02-29 |
US7087919B2 (en) | 2006-08-08 |
DE602005012938D1 (de) | 2009-04-09 |
KR20060132038A (ko) | 2006-12-20 |
TWI303846B (en) | 2008-12-01 |
CN1965418A (zh) | 2007-05-16 |
TW200616046A (en) | 2006-05-16 |
EP1738421B1 (en) | 2009-02-25 |
JP2007533136A (ja) | 2007-11-15 |
ATE424044T1 (de) | 2009-03-15 |
WO2005101539A1 (en) | 2005-10-27 |
EP1738421A1 (en) | 2007-01-03 |
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