JP4215609B2 - 磁気セル及び磁気メモリ - Google Patents
磁気セル及び磁気メモリ Download PDFInfo
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- 230000005291 magnetic effect Effects 0.000 title claims description 276
- 230000015654 memory Effects 0.000 title claims description 32
- 230000005415 magnetization Effects 0.000 claims description 38
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 230000005294 ferromagnetic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000000696 magnetic material Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000005290 antiferromagnetic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 11
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- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
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- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 268
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 30
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- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 8
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- 229910001030 Iron–nickel alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
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- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 3
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- UGKDIUIOSMUOAW-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron nickel Chemical compound [Fe].[Ni] UGKDIUIOSMUOAW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum atom Chemical compound [Ta] GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910017770 Cu—Ag Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KGWWEXORQXHJJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Fe].[Co].[Ni] Chemical compound [Fe].[Co].[Ni] KGWWEXORQXHJJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- VBJZVLUMGGDVMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N hafnium atom Chemical compound [Hf] VBJZVLUMGGDVMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009616 inductively coupled plasma Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium atom Chemical compound [Nb] GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005546 reactive sputtering Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010948 rhodium Substances 0.000 description 2
- VSZWPYCFIRKVQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N selanylidenegallium;selenium Chemical compound [Se].[Se]=[Ga].[Se]=[Ga] VSZWPYCFIRKVQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241001239379 Calophysus macropterus Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910019236 CoFeB Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910019923 CrOx Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910015136 FeMn Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Fluoride anion Chemical compound [F-] KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910015617 MoNx Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910016024 MoTa Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910004205 SiNX Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910004156 TaNx Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910003070 TaOx Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910010421 TiNx Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910003087 TiOx Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910008328 ZrNx Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910003134 ZrOx Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ZDZZPLGHBXACDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N [B].[Fe].[Co] Chemical compound [B].[Fe].[Co] ZDZZPLGHBXACDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VQYPKWOGIPDGPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N [C].[Ta] Chemical compound [C].[Ta] VQYPKWOGIPDGPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BDVUYXNQWZQBBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Co].[Zr].[Nb] Chemical compound [Co].[Zr].[Nb] BDVUYXNQWZQBBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZGWQKLYPIPNASE-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Co].[Zr].[Ta] Chemical compound [Co].[Zr].[Ta] ZGWQKLYPIPNASE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002885 antiferromagnetic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- ZDVYABSQRRRIOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N boron;iron Chemical compound [Fe]#B ZDVYABSQRRRIOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012790 confirmation Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000003302 ferromagnetic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001291 heusler alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- UCNNJGDEJXIUCC-UHFFFAOYSA-L hydroxy(oxo)iron;iron Chemical compound [Fe].O[Fe]=O.O[Fe]=O UCNNJGDEJXIUCC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010884 ion-beam technique Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DALUDRGQOYMVLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron manganese Chemical compound [Mn].[Fe] DALUDRGQOYMVLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002346 layers by function Substances 0.000 description 1
- IGOJMROYPFZEOR-UHFFFAOYSA-N manganese platinum Chemical compound [Mn].[Pt] IGOJMROYPFZEOR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005121 nitriding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052762 osmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SYQBFIAQOQZEGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N osmium atom Chemical compound [Os] SYQBFIAQOQZEGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JRTYPQGPARWINR-UHFFFAOYSA-N palladium platinum Chemical compound [Pd].[Pt] JRTYPQGPARWINR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002161 passivation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000059 patterning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodium atom Chemical compound [Rh] MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- TXEYQDLBPFQVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrafluoromethane Chemical compound FC(F)(F)F TXEYQDLBPFQVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HLLICFJUWSZHRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tioxidazole Chemical compound CCCOC1=CC=C2N=C(NC(=O)OC)SC2=C1 HLLICFJUWSZHRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
- G11C—STATIC STORES
- G11C11/00—Digital stores characterised by the use of particular electric or magnetic storage elements; Storage elements therefor
- G11C11/02—Digital stores characterised by the use of particular electric or magnetic storage elements; Storage elements therefor using magnetic elements
- G11C11/14—Digital stores characterised by the use of particular electric or magnetic storage elements; Storage elements therefor using magnetic elements using thin-film elements
- G11C11/15—Digital stores characterised by the use of particular electric or magnetic storage elements; Storage elements therefor using magnetic elements using thin-film elements using multiple magnetic layers
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
- Hall/Mr Elements (AREA)
- Mram Or Spin Memory Techniques (AREA)
- Semiconductor Memories (AREA)
Description
F. J. Albert, et al., Appl. Phys. Lett. 77, 3809 (2000) J. Z. Sun, et al., Appl. Phys. Lett. 81, 2202 (2002)
本発明の第1実施形態による磁気セルの構成を図1に示す。この実施形態による磁気セルは、下部電極4と、下部電極4上に形成された導電性ピラー6aと、この導電性ピラー6a上に形成された磁気抵抗効果膜12(以下、MR膜12ともいう)と、MR膜12上に形成された上部電極20と、導電性ピラー6aの側面に形成されたサポート層12Aと、このサポート層12Aと下部電極4との間に形成された電流拡散防止層10とを備えている。
また中間層には、例えば図3に示すように、中間層12bに「ポイントコンタクト」すなわち、接触面積が100nm2以下の微小接点12b1が設けられており、この微小接点12b1を介してソフト磁性層12aと、ハード磁性層12cは、電気的に接続される。微小接点12b1は、ハード磁性層12cと、ソフト磁性層12aの一部が延出したように形成されている場合や、銅(Cu)、銀(Ag)、金(Au)などの貴金属、及びいずれかひとつ以上を含んだ合金で形成されている場合があり、中間層12bにおいて、微小接点12b1の周囲は酸化シリコン(SiOx)、酸化アルミニウム(AlOx)などの絶縁体12b2により覆われている。
次に、本発明の第2実施形態による磁気セルを、図18乃至図20を参照して説明する。図18乃至図20は、本実施形態による磁気セルの製造工程を示す断面図である。本実施形態による磁気セルは、図1に示す第1実施形態による磁気セルにおいて、下部電極4と導電ピラー6aを同じ材料を用いて一体化して形成した構成となっている。この実施形態による磁気セルの構成を図18乃至図20の製造工程断面図を参照して説明する。
次に、本発明の第3実施形態による磁気セルを、図21乃至図26を参照して説明する。図21乃至図26は、本実施形態による磁気セルの製造工程を示す断面図である。
次に、本発明の第4実施形態による磁気セルを、図30乃至図35を参照して説明する。図30乃至図35は、本実施形態による磁気セルの製造工程断面図である。
次に、本発明の第5実施形態による磁気セルを説明する。この実施形態による磁気セルは、第2実施形態と同様に形成した導電性ピラーと電流拡散防止層上に、第5実施形態と同様に下から、膜厚5nmのTa層、膜厚15nmのPtMnからなる反強磁性層、膜厚15nmのCoFeからなる第1ハード層、膜厚6nmのCuからなる中間層、膜厚2.5nmのCoFeからなるソフト磁性層、膜厚3nmのAl2O3からなる非磁性層、膜厚10nmのCoFeからなる第2ハード磁性層、膜厚15nmのPtMnからなる反強磁性層、膜厚5nmのTa層を形成し、中間測定用電極を含んだ電極層までの形成を行った。
2 基板
4 下部電極
6 電極膜
6a 導電性ピラー
8 T型レジストパターン
10 電流拡散防止層
12 MR膜
12a ソフト磁性層
12b 中間層
12b1 ポイントコンタクト
12b2 絶縁体層
12c ハード磁性層
12A サポート層
18 絶縁体層
20 上部電極
Claims (8)
- 下部電極と、前記下部電極上に形成された導電性ピラーと、前記導電性ピラー上に形成され少なくとも二つ以上の強磁性体層とそれら強磁性体層の間に設けられた中間層を有する磁気抵抗効果膜と、前記磁気抵抗効果膜上に形成された上部電極と、前記導電性ピラーの側面を覆うように、前記導電性ピラーの側面に直接あるいは絶縁層を介して少なくとも一つのメタルで形成され前記導電性ピラーの倒壊を防止するサポート層と、前記サポート層と前記下部電極との間に設けられた電流拡散防止層と、
を備え、前記導電性ピラーの高さをh(nm)、前記電流拡散防止層の厚さをt1(nm)、前記サポート層の厚さをt2(nm)、前記導電性ピラーの短辺方向の長さをL(nm)とした場合に
0< L ≦ 200nm
であることを特徴とする磁気セル。 - 前記磁気抵抗効果膜は、磁化方向が固着された強磁性体層を含む参照磁性層と、強磁性体層を含む記録磁性層と、前記参照磁性層と前記記録磁性層とに間に設けられた中間層とを備え、前記参照磁性層と前記記録磁性層との間に、書き込み電流を流すことにより前記記録磁性層にスピン偏極した電子電流が流入し、前記スピン偏極した電子電流により前記記録磁性層の前記強磁性体層の磁化が前記略平行または略反平行な向きに向けられることを特徴とする請求項1記載の磁気セル。
- 前記中間層は、ピンホールを有する絶縁体からなり、前記ピンホールは、銅(Cu)、銀(Ag)、金(Au)等の貴金属の少なくとも一つを含む材料によって充填されてなることを特徴とする請求項1または2記載の磁気セル。
- 前記中間層は、ピンホールを有する絶縁体からなり、前記ピンホールは、前記中間層の両側に隣接する前記強磁性体層の材料によって充填されてなることを特徴とする請求項1または2記載の磁気セル。
- 前記記録磁性層の前記強磁性体層は、前記参照磁性層の前記強磁性体層よりも軟磁性の材料からなることを特徴とする請求項2乃至4いずれかに記載の磁気セル。
- 前記参照磁性層に交換バイアス磁場を印加する反強磁性層をさらに備えたことを特徴とする請求項2乃至5のいずれかに記載の磁気セル。
- 請求項1乃至6のいずれかに記載の磁気セルが複数個アレイ状に配置されたメモリセルアレイと、前記メモリセルアレイの磁気セルを選択して書き込み電流またはセンス電流を流す選択手段と、を備えたことを特徴とする磁気メモリ。
- 前記選択手段は、各磁気セルに対応して設けられ、ドレインが対応する磁気セルの前記下部電極および前記上部電極の一方に接続される選択トランジスタと、同一列に配置された磁気セルに対応する選択トランジスタのゲートに接続されるワード線と、同一行に配置された磁気セルの前記下部電極および前記上部電極の他方に接続されるビット線とを有していることを特徴とする請求項7記載の磁気メモリ。
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JP2003338099A JP4215609B2 (ja) | 2003-09-29 | 2003-09-29 | 磁気セル及び磁気メモリ |
US10/943,835 US7042758B2 (en) | 2003-09-29 | 2004-09-20 | Magnetic cell and magnetic memory |
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JP2003338099A JP4215609B2 (ja) | 2003-09-29 | 2003-09-29 | 磁気セル及び磁気メモリ |
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JP2005109013A JP2005109013A (ja) | 2005-04-21 |
JP4215609B2 true JP4215609B2 (ja) | 2009-01-28 |
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US6937447B2 (en) * | 2001-09-19 | 2005-08-30 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba | Magnetoresistance effect element, its manufacturing method, magnetic reproducing element and magnetic memory |
JP4008420B2 (ja) * | 2004-02-23 | 2007-11-14 | Tdk株式会社 | 磁気記録媒体の製造方法 |
US7749911B2 (en) * | 2004-11-30 | 2010-07-06 | Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Co., Ltd. | Method for forming an improved T-shaped gate structure |
US8540852B2 (en) | 2005-09-13 | 2013-09-24 | Canon Anelva Corporation | Method and apparatus for manufacturing magnetoresistive devices |
JP5193419B2 (ja) * | 2005-10-28 | 2013-05-08 | 株式会社東芝 | スピン注入磁気ランダムアクセスメモリとその書き込み方法 |
US20070253245A1 (en) * | 2006-04-27 | 2007-11-01 | Yadav Technology | High Capacity Low Cost Multi-Stacked Cross-Line Magnetic Memory |
US8363457B2 (en) * | 2006-02-25 | 2013-01-29 | Avalanche Technology, Inc. | Magnetic memory sensing circuit |
US8084835B2 (en) * | 2006-10-20 | 2011-12-27 | Avalanche Technology, Inc. | Non-uniform switching based non-volatile magnetic based memory |
US7732881B2 (en) * | 2006-11-01 | 2010-06-08 | Avalanche Technology, Inc. | Current-confined effect of magnetic nano-current-channel (NCC) for magnetic random access memory (MRAM) |
US8018011B2 (en) * | 2007-02-12 | 2011-09-13 | Avalanche Technology, Inc. | Low cost multi-state magnetic memory |
US8063459B2 (en) * | 2007-02-12 | 2011-11-22 | Avalanche Technologies, Inc. | Non-volatile magnetic memory element with graded layer |
US8535952B2 (en) * | 2006-02-25 | 2013-09-17 | Avalanche Technology, Inc. | Method for manufacturing non-volatile magnetic memory |
US8183652B2 (en) * | 2007-02-12 | 2012-05-22 | Avalanche Technology, Inc. | Non-volatile magnetic memory with low switching current and high thermal stability |
US20080246104A1 (en) * | 2007-02-12 | 2008-10-09 | Yadav Technology | High Capacity Low Cost Multi-State Magnetic Memory |
US8508984B2 (en) * | 2006-02-25 | 2013-08-13 | Avalanche Technology, Inc. | Low resistance high-TMR magnetic tunnel junction and process for fabrication thereof |
US8058696B2 (en) * | 2006-02-25 | 2011-11-15 | Avalanche Technology, Inc. | High capacity low cost multi-state magnetic memory |
US8120949B2 (en) * | 2006-04-27 | 2012-02-21 | Avalanche Technology, Inc. | Low-cost non-volatile flash-RAM memory |
US8542524B2 (en) * | 2007-02-12 | 2013-09-24 | Avalanche Technology, Inc. | Magnetic random access memory (MRAM) manufacturing process for a small magnetic tunnel junction (MTJ) design with a low programming current requirement |
US20090218645A1 (en) * | 2007-02-12 | 2009-09-03 | Yadav Technology Inc. | multi-state spin-torque transfer magnetic random access memory |
US7869266B2 (en) * | 2007-10-31 | 2011-01-11 | Avalanche Technology, Inc. | Low current switching magnetic tunnel junction design for magnetic memory using domain wall motion |
US8802451B2 (en) | 2008-02-29 | 2014-08-12 | Avalanche Technology Inc. | Method for manufacturing high density non-volatile magnetic memory |
KR101774937B1 (ko) * | 2010-12-07 | 2017-09-05 | 삼성전자 주식회사 | 수평 자기 이방성 물질의 자유 자성층을 포함하는 스토리지 노드, 이를 포함하는 자기 메모리 소자 및 그 제조방법 |
KR101854185B1 (ko) * | 2011-10-19 | 2018-06-21 | 삼성전자주식회사 | 수직 자기 이방성 물질의 자유 자성층을 포함하는 스토리지 노드, 이를 포함하는 자기 메모리 소자 및 그 제조방법 |
CN102569642B (zh) * | 2010-12-07 | 2016-08-03 | 三星电子株式会社 | 存储节点、包括该存储节点的磁存储器件及其制造方法 |
KR101684916B1 (ko) * | 2012-11-02 | 2016-12-09 | 삼성전자주식회사 | 반도체 소자 및 그 제조 방법 |
US8981446B2 (en) | 2013-03-22 | 2015-03-17 | Takashi Nakazawa | Magnetic memory and manufacturing method thereof |
KR102138820B1 (ko) | 2014-01-08 | 2020-07-28 | 삼성전자주식회사 | 자기 기억 소자 |
KR102140048B1 (ko) | 2014-02-18 | 2020-07-31 | 삼성전자주식회사 | 자기 메모리 소자를 위한 자기 터널 접합 구조물 형성 방법 |
US10026888B2 (en) * | 2014-08-06 | 2018-07-17 | Toshiba Memory Corporation | Magnetoresistive effect element and magnetic memory |
CN110875421B (zh) * | 2018-09-04 | 2023-05-23 | 联华电子股份有限公司 | 磁阻式存储单元及其制造方法 |
US12004357B2 (en) * | 2019-05-02 | 2024-06-04 | Sandisk Technologies Llc | Cross-point magnetoresistive random memory array and method of making thereof using self-aligned patterning |
US12004356B2 (en) * | 2019-05-02 | 2024-06-04 | Sandisk Technologies Llc | Cross-point magnetoresistive random memory array and method of making thereof using self-aligned patterning |
US12041787B2 (en) * | 2019-05-02 | 2024-07-16 | Sandisk Technologies Llc | Cross-point magnetoresistive random memory array and method of making thereof using self-aligned patterning |
Family Cites Families (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US6847509B2 (en) * | 2001-02-01 | 2005-01-25 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba | Magnetoresistive head and perpendicular magnetic recording-reproducing apparatus |
US6914575B2 (en) * | 2003-08-05 | 2005-07-05 | Harris Corporation | Selectable reflector and sub-reflector system using fluidic dielectrics |
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US20050105325A1 (en) | 2005-05-19 |
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