JP4187653B2 - 非水電解質二次電池 - Google Patents
非水電解質二次電池 Download PDFInfo
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- JP4187653B2 JP4187653B2 JP2003539127A JP2003539127A JP4187653B2 JP 4187653 B2 JP4187653 B2 JP 4187653B2 JP 2003539127 A JP2003539127 A JP 2003539127A JP 2003539127 A JP2003539127 A JP 2003539127A JP 4187653 B2 JP4187653 B2 JP 4187653B2
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- trifluoromethylsulfonyl
- secondary battery
- aqueous electrolyte
- test cell
- negative electrode
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- 239000011255 nonaqueous electrolyte Substances 0.000 title claims description 55
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 22
- 229910003002 lithium salt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- 159000000002 lithium salts Chemical group 0.000 claims description 18
- ZXMGHDIOOHOAAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1-trifluoro-n-(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)methanesulfonamide Chemical compound FC(F)(F)S(=O)(=O)NS(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F ZXMGHDIOOHOAAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- CFYBHDCZEADVJH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,2-trifluoro-n-(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)acetamide Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C(=O)NS(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F CFYBHDCZEADVJH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- GSBKRFGXEJLVMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nervonyl carnitine Chemical compound CCC[N+](C)(C)C GSBKRFGXEJLVMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011889 copper foil Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- HTKPDYSCAPSXIR-UHFFFAOYSA-N octyltrimethylammonium ion Chemical compound CCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)C HTKPDYSCAPSXIR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- XTPRURKTXNFVQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexyl(trimethyl)azanium Chemical compound CCCCCC[N+](C)(C)C XTPRURKTXNFVQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000003949 imides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000003242 quaternary ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910013372 LiC 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- ACFSQHQYDZIPRL-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;bis(1,1,2,2,2-pentafluoroethylsulfonyl)azanide Chemical compound [Li+].FC(F)(F)C(F)(F)S(=O)(=O)[N-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F ACFSQHQYDZIPRL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- CBXCPBUEXACCNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraethylammonium Chemical compound CC[N+](CC)(CC)CC CBXCPBUEXACCNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- YOMFVLRTMZWACQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyltrimethylammonium Chemical compound CC[N+](C)(C)C YOMFVLRTMZWACQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- RCUJOMHFVHMLQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)acetamide Chemical compound NC(=O)CS(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F RCUJOMHFVHMLQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 208000024891 symptom Diseases 0.000 claims 1
- AEXDMFVPDVVSQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N trifluoro(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)methane Chemical group FC(F)(F)S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F AEXDMFVPDVVSQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 29
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910012851 LiCoO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 125000003903 2-propenyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 125000001889 triflyl group Chemical group FC(F)(F)S(*)(=O)=O 0.000 description 4
- NJMWOUFKYKNWDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium Chemical compound CCN1C=C[N+](C)=C1 NJMWOUFKYKNWDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- SEACXNRNJAXIBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethyl(methyl)azanium Chemical compound CC[N+](C)(CC)CC SEACXNRNJAXIBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000007773 negative electrode material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OCC OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene carbonate Chemical compound O=C1OCCO1 KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910013063 LiBF 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910013870 LiPF 6 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021417 amorphous silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001351 cycling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007606 doctor blade method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002641 lithium Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum atom Chemical compound [Ta] GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- -1 trimethylpropyl Chemical group 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/056—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes
- H01M10/0564—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes the electrolyte being constituted of organic materials only
- H01M10/0566—Liquid materials
- H01M10/0568—Liquid materials characterised by the solutes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
- H01M4/134—Electrodes based on metals, Si or alloys
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/38—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of elements or alloys
- H01M4/386—Silicon or alloys based on silicon
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M2004/026—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material characterised by the polarity
- H01M2004/027—Negative electrodes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2300/00—Electrolytes
- H01M2300/0017—Non-aqueous electrolytes
- H01M2300/002—Inorganic electrolyte
- H01M2300/0022—Room temperature molten salts
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
- H01M4/131—Electrodes based on mixed oxides or hydroxides, or on mixtures of oxides or hydroxides, e.g. LiCoOx
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
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- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/38—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of elements or alloys
- H01M4/40—Alloys based on alkali metals
- H01M4/405—Alloys based on lithium
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
- H01M4/52—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron
- H01M4/525—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing iron, cobalt or nickel for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiNiO2, LiCoO2 or LiCoOxFy
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- H01M6/00—Primary cells; Manufacture thereof
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- H01M6/16—Cells with non-aqueous electrolyte with organic electrolyte
- H01M6/162—Cells with non-aqueous electrolyte with organic electrolyte characterised by the electrolyte
- H01M6/166—Cells with non-aqueous electrolyte with organic electrolyte characterised by the electrolyte by the solute
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
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Description
実施例1においては、非水電解質として、室温溶融塩であるトリメチルオクチルアンモニウム・ビス(トリフルオロメチルスルホニル)イミド(CH3)3N+(C8H17)N−(CF3 SO2)2 に、リチウム塩としてLiN(CF3SO2)2 を1mol/lの濃度になるように溶解させた非水電解液を用いた。なお、この非水電解液の導電率を測定したところ、25℃で0.111mS/cmであり、充放電するのに必要な導電率を有していた。
実施例2においては、非水電解質として、室温溶融塩であるトリメチルプロピルアンモニウム・ビス(トリフルオロメチルスルホニル)イミド(CH3)3N+(C3H7)N−(CF3SO2)2に、リチウム塩としてLiN(CF3SO2)2を0.3mol/lの濃度になるように溶解させた非水電解液を用いた。なお、この非水電解液の導電率を測定したところ、25℃で2.75mS/cmであり、充放電するのに必要な導電率を有していた。
実施例3においては、非水電解質として、室温溶融塩であるトリメチルヘキシルアンモニウム・ビス(トリフルオロメチルスルホニル)イミド(CH3)3N+(C6H13)N−(CF3SO2)2 に、リチウム塩としてLiN(CF3SO2)2を0.5mol/lの濃度になるように溶解させた非水電解液を用いた。
実施例4においては、非水電解質として、室温溶融塩であるトリエチルメチルアンモニウム・2,2,2−トリフルオロ−N−(トリフルオロメチルスルホニル)アセトアミド(C2H5)3N+(CH3)(CF3CO)N−(CF3SO2)に、リチウム塩としてLiN(CF3SO2)2を0.5mol/lの濃度になるように溶解させた非水電解液を用いた。
実施例5においては、非水電解質として、室温溶融塩である1−エチル−3−メチルイミダゾリウム・2,2,2−トリフルオロ−N−(トリフルオロメチルスルホニル)アセトアミド(C2H5)(C3H3N2)+(CH3)(CF3CO)N−(CF3SO2)に、リチウム塩としてLiN(CF3SO2)2を0.5mol/lの濃度になるように溶解させた非水電解液を用いた。
実施例6においては、正極の材料にLiCoO2粉末を用い、このLiCoO2粉末と結着剤のポリフッ化ビニリデンとが95:5の重量比になるようにして、LiCoO2粉末にポリフッ化ビニリデンが5重量%のN−メチル−2−ピロリドン溶液を加え、これをらいかい機で30分間らいかいしてスラリーを調製し、このスラリーを厚み20μmのアルミニウム箔の両面にドクターブレード法により塗布し、これを乾燥させて正極を作製した。
実施例7においては、正極にはアルミニウム箔の上にスパッタリングによってLiCoO2の層を形成したものを用いた。
11,11a 負極
12,12a 正極
13 参照極
14 非水電解液
Claims (3)
- 正極と負極と非水電解質とを備えた非水電解質二次電池において、上記負極として表面が粗面化された銅箔にシリコン薄膜が形成されたものを用いると共に、融点が60℃以下の第4級アンモニウム塩からなる室温溶融塩と、LiCF3SO3、LiC4F9SO3、LiN(CF3SO2)2、LiN(C2F5SO2)2、LiN(CF3SO2)(COCF3)から選択される少なくとも1種のリチウム塩とを含む非水電解質を用い、上記の融点が60℃以下の第4級アンモニウム塩からなる室温溶融塩に、トリメチルプロピルアンモニウム・ビス(トリフルオロメチルスルホニル)イミド、トリメチルオクチルアンモニウム・ビス(トリフルオロメチルスルホニル)イミド、トリメチルアリルアンモニウム・ビス(トリフルオロメチルスルホニル)イミド、トリメチルヘキシルアンモニウム・ビス(トリフルオロメチルスルホニル)イミド、トリメチルエチルアンモニウム・2,2,2−トリフルオロ−N−(トリフルオロメチルスルホニル)アセトアミド、トリメチルアリルアンモニウム・2,2,2−トリフルオロ−N−(トリフルオロメチルスルホニル)アセトアミド、トリメチルプロピルアンモニウム・2,2,2−トリフルオロ−N−(トリフルオロメチルスルホニル)アセトアミド、テトラエチルアンモニウム・2,2,2−トリフルオロ−N−(トリフルオロメチルスルホニル)アセトアミド、トリエチルメチルアンモニウム・2,2,2−トリフルオロ−N−(トリフルオロメチルスルホニル)アセトアミドから選択される少なくとも1種を用いたことを特徴とする非水電解質二次電池。
- 請求項1に記載した非水電解質二次電池において、上記の正極にリチウム含有酸化物を用いたことを特徴とする非水電解質二次電池。
- 請求項1又は請求項2に記載した非水電解質二次電池において、上記の銅箔として、電解によって得られた銅箔を用いたことを特徴とする非水電解質二次電池。
Applications Claiming Priority (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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JP2001327418 | 2001-10-25 | ||
JP2001327418 | 2001-10-25 | ||
JP2002125662 | 2002-04-26 | ||
JP2002125662 | 2002-04-26 | ||
PCT/JP2002/010901 WO2003036751A1 (fr) | 2001-10-25 | 2002-10-21 | Element accumulateur a electrolyte non aqueux |
Publications (2)
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JPWO2003036751A1 JPWO2003036751A1 (ja) | 2005-02-17 |
JP4187653B2 true JP4187653B2 (ja) | 2008-11-26 |
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JP2003539127A Expired - Fee Related JP4187653B2 (ja) | 2001-10-25 | 2002-10-21 | 非水電解質二次電池 |
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Country | Link |
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US (1) | US7407725B2 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4187653B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR20040036896A (ja) |
CN (1) | CN1298073C (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2003036751A1 (ja) |
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US20070092801A1 (en) * | 2005-10-25 | 2007-04-26 | Andrew Tipton | Molten Salt Electrolyte for a Battery and Electrochemical Capacitor |
JP5002952B2 (ja) * | 2005-12-06 | 2012-08-15 | ソニー株式会社 | 電池 |
JP2008130229A (ja) * | 2006-11-16 | 2008-06-05 | National Institute Of Advanced Industrial & Technology | リチウム二次電池 |
CN101488568B (zh) * | 2008-01-14 | 2011-05-04 | 中国科学院物理研究所 | 一种用于锂二次电池正极活性材料的表面修饰方法 |
CN101926041B (zh) * | 2008-01-24 | 2013-09-18 | 丰田自动车株式会社 | 锂离子二次电池、组电池、车辆、电池搭载设备、电池系统和锂离子二次电池的劣化检测方法 |
EP2525428B1 (en) * | 2010-01-12 | 2016-04-20 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Battery comprising a liquid hydrophobic phase transition substance |
JP5779050B2 (ja) * | 2010-11-30 | 2015-09-16 | 住友電気工業株式会社 | 溶融塩電池 |
JP5858234B2 (ja) * | 2012-03-21 | 2016-02-10 | 国立研究開発法人産業技術総合研究所 | リチウムイオン電池用電解質 |
US20150132649A1 (en) * | 2013-11-13 | 2015-05-14 | Semiconductor Energy Laboratory Co., Ltd. | Negative electrode for power storage device, power storage device, and electrical device |
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CA1242483A (en) * | 1983-10-26 | 1988-09-27 | Toshikazu Shishikura | Secondary battery |
JP3620559B2 (ja) * | 1997-01-17 | 2005-02-16 | 株式会社ユアサコーポレーション | 非水電解質電池 |
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-
2002
- 2002-10-21 WO PCT/JP2002/010901 patent/WO2003036751A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2002-10-21 CN CNB028197011A patent/CN1298073C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2002-10-21 US US10/487,213 patent/US7407725B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2002-10-21 JP JP2003539127A patent/JP4187653B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2002-10-21 KR KR10-2004-7000210A patent/KR20040036896A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
Also Published As
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WO2003036751A1 (fr) | 2003-05-01 |
JPWO2003036751A1 (ja) | 2005-02-17 |
CN1298073C (zh) | 2007-01-31 |
KR20040036896A (ko) | 2004-05-03 |
CN1650465A (zh) | 2005-08-03 |
US20040241543A1 (en) | 2004-12-02 |
US7407725B2 (en) | 2008-08-05 |
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