JP4150695B2 - より大きな基板にばね接触子を定置させるための接触子担体(タイル) - Google Patents
より大きな基板にばね接触子を定置させるための接触子担体(タイル) Download PDFInfo
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- JP4150695B2 JP4150695B2 JP2004147222A JP2004147222A JP4150695B2 JP 4150695 B2 JP4150695 B2 JP 4150695B2 JP 2004147222 A JP2004147222 A JP 2004147222A JP 2004147222 A JP2004147222 A JP 2004147222A JP 4150695 B2 JP4150695 B2 JP 4150695B2
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Description
本願は又、同一出願人による、以下の米国特許同時係属出願の一部継続出願でもある。すなわち、
1995年9月21日に出願された第08/526,246号(1995年11月13日に出願されたPCT/US95/14843)、
1995年10月18日に出願された第08/533,584号(1995年11月13日に出願されたPCT/US95/14842)、
1995年11月9日に出願された第08/554,902号(1995年11月13日に出願されたPCT/US95/14844)、
1995年11月15日に出願された第08/558,332号(1995年11月15日に出願されたPCT/US95/14885)、
1995年12月18日に出願された第08/573,945号、
1996年1月11日に出願された第08/584,981号、
1996年2月15日に出願された第08/602,179号、
1996年2月21日に出願された第60/012,027号、
1996年2月22日に出願された第60/012,040号、
1996年3月5日に出願された第60/012,878号、
1996年3月11日に出願された第60/013,247号、及び
1996年5月17日に出願された第60/005,189号である。これらの全ては、上述の親事例の一部継続出願であり、それらの全てを、参照として本明細書に取り込む。
本発明の1つの実施例の場合、コアは、比較的低い降伏強度を有する「軟質」材料であり、比較的高い降伏強度を有する「硬質」材料で保護膜生成される。例えば、金ワイヤ等の軟質材料が、半導体素子の接着パッドに、(例えば、ワイヤボンディングにより)取り付けられて、ニッケル及びその合金等の硬質材料で、(例えば、電気化学メッキにより)保護膜生成される。
本発明の1つの態様によれば、相互接続要素は、電子コンポーネントへの後での取り付けのために、予め製造することができる。この目的を達成するための各種の技法が、本明細書に記載されている。本書類では特定的に保護されていないが、複数の個々の相互接続要素の基板への実装、又は代替として、エラストマーにおいて、又は支持基板上で複数の個々の相互接続要素の懸架を扱う機械を製造することも比較的簡単明瞭であると考えられる。
学術的な観点から、結果としての複合相互接続要素のばね作用(スプリング形状)部分に、硬質材料で保護膜生成することが唯一必要である。この観点から、コアの2つの端部の両方に保護膜生成することは一般に本質的でない。しかし、実際問題としては、コア全体に保護膜生成することが好ましい。電子コンポーネントに締結される(取り付けられる)コアの一端に保護膜生成する特定の理由、及びそれで生じる利点を、以下で更に詳細に論じる。
図2Aは、端子214が設けられる電子コンポーネント212に実装された、相互接続要素210の1つの実施例200を示す。この例の場合、軟質(例えば、金)ワイヤコア216が、一端において端子214にボンディングされ(取り付けられ)、端子から延伸してスプリング形状を有するように構成され(図1Bに示す形状に匹敵)て、自由端216bを有するように切断される。このようにワイヤのボンディング、成形、及び切断は、ワイヤボンディング装置を用いて達成される。コアの端部216aにおける接着剤は、端子214の露出表面の比較的小さい部分しか覆わない。
図2Aは、総括的に、本発明の他の重要な特徴、すなわち復元性のある相互接続要素が、電子コンポーネント上の端子に確実に締結できることを示す。相互接続要素の取付端210aは、相互接続要素の自由端210bに加えられる圧縮力(矢印「F」)の結果として、大幅な機械的応力を受ける。
・半導体パッケージを有する必要がなく、シリコンダイに直接実装される相互接続要素と、
・電子コンポーネントを試験するために、基板(以下で更に詳細に説明する)からプローブとして延伸する相互接続要素と、
・介挿物(以下で更に詳細に論じる)の相互接続要素である。
図2Bは、多層を有する複合相互接続要素220を示す。相互接続要素220の最内部(内部の細長い導電要素)222は、上記したように、未被覆コアか、又は既に保護膜生成されているコアのいずれかである。最内部222の先端222bは、適切なマスキング材料(不図示)でマスクされる。誘電体層224が、電気泳動工程等により最内部222にわたって施される。導電材料の外層226が、誘電体層224にわたって施される。
図2Cは、複数(図示では多くのうち6個)の相互接続要素251…256が、プローブカード挿入(慣用的な仕方でプローブカードに実装される副アセンブリ)等の電子コンポーネント260の表面上に実装される実施例250を示す。プローブカード挿入の端子及び導電トレースは、図示の明瞭化のために、この図面から省略されている。相互接続要素251…256の取付端は、0.05−0.10インチといった第1のピッチ(間隔)で始まる。相互接続要素251…256は、それらの自由端(先端)が0.005−0.010インチといった第2の微細なピッチとなるように、成形及び/又は配向される。あるピッチから別のピッチへと相互接続をなす相互接続アセンブリは、通常、「間隔変換器」と呼ばれる。
電子コンポーネントの端子への直接的な相互接続要素の実装を以上に説明した。総括的に言うと、本発明の相互接続要素は、犠牲基板を含む任意の適切な基板の任意の適切な表面に製造、又は実装可能である。
開口内の領域は、犠牲基板274の表面内に延伸する単一の窪みで278と示されるように、1つ以上の窪みを有するように、任意の適切な仕方で模様加工される。
コア(ワイヤステム)280が、開口276内の犠牲基板の表面にボンディングされて、任意の適切な形状を有する。この図示の場合、例示の明瞭化のために、1つの相互接続要素の一端しか示されていない。他端(不図示)は、電子コンポーネントに取り付けられる。ここで容易に見られるのは、コア280が、先端構造258ではなく、犠牲基板274に直接ボンディングされるという点で、技法270が上述した技法250とは異なるということである。例として、金ワイヤコア(280)が、慣用的なワイヤボンディング技法を用いて、アルミニウム基板(274)の表面に容易にボンディングされる。
上記の技法は、複合相互接続要素を製造するための斬新な技法を一般的に説明するものであり、その物理的特性は、所望の度合いの復元性を呈示するように容易に合わせられ、複合相互接続要素は、電子コンポーネントの端子と圧力接続をなすのに十分適した表面模様を有する、先端構造を取り込むこともできる。
以下で説明する図5、5A及び5Bは、本出願人による、米国特許同時係属出願第08/554,902号から直接とったものである。以下で詳細に更に説明するように、本発明は、同第08/554,902号の間隔変換器に関連して非常に実用性があるが、それに関連した使用に限定されない。
ステンレス鋼等の堅固な材料製の背部実装プレート530と、
ステンレス鋼等の堅固な材料製のアクチュエータ実装プレート532と、
ステンレス鋼等の堅固な材料製の前部実装プレート534と、
外部の差動ネジ要素536、及び内部の差動ネジ要素538を含む、複数(図示では多くのうち2つであるが、3つが好適である)の差動ネジと、リン青銅等の弾力のある材料から好適に製作されて、そこから延伸する弾力のあるタブ(不図示)の1つのパターンを有する、実装リング540と、
実装リング540を前部実装プレート534に、それらの間に捕捉された間隔変換器506と共に保持するための複数(図示では多くのうち2つ)のネジ542と、
任意として、製造公差を吸収するために、実装リング540と間隔変換器506の間に配設されるスペーサリング544と、
差動ネジ(例えば、内部の差動ネジ要素538の頂部)の頂部(図で見て)に配設される、複数(図示では多くのうち2つ)の枢軸球546である。
相互接続要素514の先端が、プローブカード502の接触端子510と接触するように、前部実装プレート534の開口552内に介在体504を配置するステップと、
相互接続要素516の先端が、間隔変換器506の接触パッド520と接触するように、介在体504の上部に間隔変換器506を配置するステップと、任意ステップであって、
間隔変換器506の頂部に、スペーサ544を配置するステップと、
スペーサ544にわたって実装リング540を配置するステップと、
実装リング540を介したネジ542を、スペーサ544を介して、前部実装プレート534の穴554内に挿入するステップを含む任意ステップと、
背部実装プレート530及びプローブカード502を介して、前部実装プレート534の下部(図で見て)表面内のねじ切り穴(不図示)内に、ネジ(1つは符号555として部分的に図示される)を挿入することにより、「サブアセンブリ」をプローブカード502に実装するステップである。
上記のように、プローブ要素(例えば、524、526)であるばね接触子は、プローブカード・アセンブリ(例えば、500)の間隔変換器基板(例えば、506、518、574)の表面に直接実装可能である。しかし、この手法は、幾つかの固有の制限を有する。間隔変換器は通常、比較的高価な基板を含む可能性があり、その上にばね(プローブ)要素が製造される。歩留り(成功裡の製造)問題が、表面上に複合相互接続要素を製造する工程において体験され、その結果として、最善でも、間隔変換器構成要素の手直しが困難となる(すなわち、時間を消費し、割高となる)。更に、各々の及び全ての試験用途(すなわち、接触/試験しようとする電子コンポーネント上の接着パッド/端子のレイアウト)に対して、異なる間隔変換器を設計することは、費用のかかる提案である。更に、単一パスで、半導体ウェーハ全体を試験する能力を有することが望ましく、それには、上記したように設計が制限され、歩留り問題が悪化した、相当に大きな間隔変換器が必要となるであろう。
複数(図示では多くのうち2つ)のばね要素612及び614が、それぞれ、端子604及び606に実装され、これらのばね要素は、上記で説明したような複合相互接続要素とすることも、又は上記で説明したようなモノリシックのばね要素とすることもできる。
幾つかの例において、ある種の半導体素子の表面上に直接、ばね要素を製造することは望ましくない場合がある。例えば、能動素子を有する完全定置の「C4」ダイ(半導体素子)上に、本発明の複合相互接続要素を製造することは、素子に損傷を与えるか、もしくは素子の幾つかの機能へのアクセスを妨げる可能性がある。
上記では主に、1つの電子コンポーネントの1つの端子にワイヤ端部を接着し、弾力のある形状を有するワイヤステムとなるようにワイヤを構成し、ワイヤに復元性のある(高い降伏強度)材料で保護膜生成することによって、複合相互接続(復元性のある接触)構造を製造するための技法を説明した。このようにして、復元性のある接触構造が、本発明のタイル等の電子コンポーネントの端子上に直接製造される。
ばね要素の遠位端(先端)が共平面をなすことの利点、及びこれを達成する容易性は、上述の本出願人による特許出願の幾つかに詳細に記載されている。
ろう接(半田付け)ペースト844を省いて、その代わりに、共晶材料(例えば、金−スズ)を復元性のある接触構造上にメッキした後に、それに接触先端(840)を実装することは、本発明の範囲内である。
上記のように、プローブカード・アセンブリの間隔変換器基板といった、比較的大きな基板(例えば、622)には、表面上にばね接触子を有する複数の比較的小さなタイル(例えば、620)を設けることが可能であり、この目的は、半導体ウェーハ全体といった、比較的大きな表面積を有する別の電子コンポーネントに対して、圧力接続をなすのを容易にし、それによって、ウェーハ段階のエージング(Wafer-Level Burn-In:WLBI)等の工程の実施を可能にするためである。
(1)z軸において、ばね要素の先端(遠位の自由端)に対して、規定の高さ(通常は共平面)を維持して、
(2)x及びy軸において、ばね要素の先端間の規定の間隔を維持することによる。
その表面から延伸するばね接触子(モノリシック、又は複合のどちらか)以外を有する複数のタイルを、ウェーハ段階のエージング、その他を実施する目的のために、より大きな基板に組み付け可能なことは、本発明の範囲内であり、それにより上述した利点が生じる。
信号線1012(例えば、マイクロストリップ伝送線)が、皮膜上に形成されて、「パフォーマンス・ボード」(プローブカード)等のより大きな基板(不図示)への電気的な接続のために、タイルフレーム又はタイル基板を介して、任意の適切な仕方で経路指定される。図10Eには1つの例が示され、タイルフレーム1002cは、タイルフレームの上半分1018a(1008aに匹敵)からなり、これには、導電バイア1020(1020a及び1020b)と、半田バンプ(又は、パッド)1024に終端する線1022とが設けられる。図10Eに示すように、結果としてのアセンブリ(この例では、タイルフレームの上半分1018a、タイルフレームの下半分1018b、及び皮膜1006からなる)の最下部の特徴は、半田ボール1024又はその他であり、これを利用して、個々のタイルが、上記の仕方のいずれかで、より大きな基板(不図示)に接続されることになる。
上述のように、より大きな基板に複数のばね接触子担体によりタイルを敷設することの利点は、十分な数のプローブ要素をプローブカード・アセンブリ上に設けることができ、それにより、半導体ウェーハ全体を一挙に(プローブカード・アセンブリと半導体ウェーハの間の単一の圧力接続で)接触させる(試験及び/又はエージングのために)ことが可能となる。本明細書で用いる「ウェーハ段階のエージング」という用語には、上記のようにして、1つの半導体ウェーハ全体上で実施される任意の電気的機能の意味が含まれる。
上記のように、間隔変換器構成要素(例えば、622)等のプローブカード要素には、その表面上に複数のタイル(例えば、600)が定置可能であり、タイルの各々は、複数のばね接触要素(例えば、612、614)を担持し、これらのばね接触要素は、タイル段階で容易に生産され、次いでより大きな基板(例えば、プローブカード要素)の表面にフリップ・チップ接続されて、例えばウェーハ段階のエージングが容易になる。
図面及び以上の説明において、本発明を詳細に例示及び説明してきたが、本発明は、文言における限定としてではなく、例示として見なされるべきである。すなわち、ここで理解されたいのは、好適な実施例のみを図示及び説明したということ、及び本発明の趣旨内に入る全ての変形及び修正も、望ましく保護されるということである。疑うべくもなく、上記の「主題」に関する多数の他の「変形例」も、本発明の最も近くに属する、当該技術で通常の知識を有する者が想到するであろうし、また本明細書に開示されるような変形例は、本発明の範囲内にあることを意図するものである。これら変形例の幾つかは、親事例に記載されている。
Claims (4)
- 半導体ウェーハに接触させるためのアセンブリであって、
前記アセンブリは、
複数のタイル基板であって、前記複数のタイル基板のそれぞれは、2つの対向する表面を有する、複数のタイル基板と、
前記2つの対向する表面のうちの第1の表面から延びている複数の弾性的な接触子と、
前記2つの対向する表面のうちの第2の表面上にある複数の第1の端子であって、前記複数の第1の端子のそれぞれは、前記複数の弾性的な接触子のうちの対応する1つに接続されている、複数の第1の端子と、
第2の基板であって、前記第2の基板の表面上に複数の第2の端子を有する第2の基板と
を備え、
前記複数のタイル基板は、前記複数の第2の端子に接続されている前記複数の第1の端子によって前記第2の基板に固定されており、
前記タイル基板上の前記複数の接触子の先端を、前記第2の基板の前記表面に対して所定の高さに維持するz軸位置合わせ手段をさらに備えている、アセンブリ。 - 前記z軸位置合わせ手段は、前記複数の第1の端子のうち選択されたものと前記複数の第2の端子のうち選択されたものとの間に配置されている複数の従順な接続部であって、前記複数の第1の端子のうち選択されたものと前記複数の第2の端子のうち選択されたものとを接続する複数の従順な接続部を含む、請求項1に記載のアセンブリ。
- 前記z軸位置合わせ手段は、前記タイル基板に実装されている補強材を含む、請求項1に記載のアセンブリ。
- 前記z軸位置合わせ手段は、前記複数の第1の端子のうち選択されたものと前記複数の第2の端子のうち選択されたものとの間に配置されている実質上等しい量の複数の半田であって、前記複数の第1の端子のうち選択されたものと前記複数の第2の端子のうち選択されたものとを接続する実質上等しい量の複数の半田を含む、請求項1に記載のアセンブリ。
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JP53668096A Division JP3608795B2 (ja) | 1995-05-26 | 1996-05-24 | より大きな基板にばね接触子を定置させるための接触子担体(タイル) |
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JP2008125329A Division JP4741626B2 (ja) | 1995-05-26 | 2008-05-12 | より大きな基板にばね接触子を定置させるための接触子担体(タイル) |
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JP2004336062A JP2004336062A (ja) | 2004-11-25 |
JP4150695B2 true JP4150695B2 (ja) | 2008-09-17 |
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JP53668096A Expired - Fee Related JP3608795B2 (ja) | 1995-05-26 | 1996-05-24 | より大きな基板にばね接触子を定置させるための接触子担体(タイル) |
JP2004147222A Expired - Lifetime JP4150695B2 (ja) | 1995-05-26 | 2004-05-18 | より大きな基板にばね接触子を定置させるための接触子担体(タイル) |
JP2008125329A Expired - Fee Related JP4741626B2 (ja) | 1995-05-26 | 2008-05-12 | より大きな基板にばね接触子を定置させるための接触子担体(タイル) |
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EP (2) | EP1610375A3 (ja) |
JP (3) | JP3608795B2 (ja) |
AU (1) | AU6635296A (ja) |
DE (1) | DE69635227T2 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO1996038858A2 (ja) |
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-
1996
- 1996-05-24 EP EP05020769A patent/EP1610375A3/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1996-05-24 EP EP96926049A patent/EP0886894B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-05-24 DE DE69635227T patent/DE69635227T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-05-24 AU AU66352/96A patent/AU6635296A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1996-05-24 JP JP53668096A patent/JP3608795B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1996-05-24 WO PCT/US1996/008117 patent/WO1996038858A2/en active IP Right Grant
-
2004
- 2004-05-18 JP JP2004147222A patent/JP4150695B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2008
- 2008-05-12 JP JP2008125329A patent/JP4741626B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO1996038858A3 (en) | 1997-03-20 |
DE69635227T2 (de) | 2006-06-29 |
JP2008203273A (ja) | 2008-09-04 |
EP0886894B1 (en) | 2005-09-28 |
EP1610375A2 (en) | 2005-12-28 |
WO1996038858A2 (en) | 1996-12-05 |
EP0886894A2 (en) | 1998-12-30 |
JP4741626B2 (ja) | 2011-08-03 |
AU6635296A (en) | 1996-12-18 |
JP2004336062A (ja) | 2004-11-25 |
EP0886894A4 (en) | 1999-06-16 |
JP3608795B2 (ja) | 2005-01-12 |
DE69635227D1 (de) | 2006-02-09 |
EP1610375A3 (en) | 2008-11-05 |
JP2001524258A (ja) | 2001-11-27 |
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