JP3413548B2 - Method for transplanting and cultivating cane shoots - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to transfer of cane shoots of sugar cane.
It relates to a planting method .

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, for the cultivation of sugar cane, (a) a stock cultivation method in which a matured stalk is sprouting from a remaining stump after cutting, and (b) a matured stalk is cut into two upper and lower sections. The so-called two-section seedling new-planting cultivation method, in which the so-called two-section seedlings are newly planted in each season (spring -1 to April, summer -8 to November) and germinated, is well known. .

Recently, (c) until the required number of lateral bud growth stems, that is, expanded leaves, obtained by continuously causing a germination phenomenon in which lateral buds germinate by cutting off the top of the treetop. A side shoot growing stem of a required length obtained by repeatedly cutting off the apical head, which is the upper part of the grown side shoots such as 10th section, is used as a base seedling (side branch seedling), and this is planted in this field. A cultivation method which should be called a cultivation method is disclosed in JP-A-8-280244.

[0004]

In the method for cultivating a stock of (a), since the same stump is used for several years and germination, growth and mowing are repeated, the germination rate becomes poorer as the years pass, and the stalks Aging, sickness, yield and sugar content are also reduced.

The method of (b) two-section seedling new planting and cultivation requires a great deal of labor not only in collecting the two-section seedlings, that is, in planting, but also in the planting itself. Usually affected by maturity, weather conditions or soil conditions
-60%, and even seedlings that have once germinated and grown may die. Further, the sugarcane-growing farmer has to use 10% or more of the harvested amount for each season to collect the 2-section seedlings for the next season, but the yield is substantially reduced.

The side branch seedling transplant cultivation method of (c) is (a)
It is recognized that the above drawbacks of the cultivation method (b) are almost eliminated. However, in the cultivating method of (c), since the shoot heads above the 10th node of the lateral buds that have grown until the required number of developed leaves are repeatedly cut off, the desired lateral bud growth stems are obtained. The number of spores increases while branching and expanding, and the stalks are radially dispersed with respect to the mother stem. Therefore, it takes a lot of time to collect them. Furthermore, the specific conditions for raising and planting seedlings are not always clear only from the description in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 8-280244.

The method for transplanting and cultivating cane and shoots of sugar cane according to the present invention comprises a branch shoot for seedlings , ie, a secondary, tertiary or quaternary shoot, which corresponds to the side branch seedling in the above (c) method for transplanting and cultivating side shoots. A large number of plants are concentrated in the knots of the stems (mother stems), so that the shoots of the seedlings can be collected efficiently without much effort, and in raising the seedlings in the nursery house, The above-mentioned seedling shoots are planted by inserting them into a collective seedling raising device for each seedling shoot having the same number of leaves, and further, a collective raising seedling device accommodating the seedling shoots having the same number of leaves is arranged at a required interval, and , At first, by carrying out management to promote rooting by not applying fertilizer at first, a branch and shoot seedling with almost the same seedling length and extended branch roots necessary for rooting was obtained, and it was transplanted to this field. , By acclimatizing it out of the nursery house, By adapting to the changes, it can be surely settled in the main field, and the seedlings are defoliated so as to have a height of, for example, about 25 to 35 cm so that the automatic transplanting work into the main field can be smoothly performed by the dedicated transplanter. Furthermore, by performing the leaf-scissor treatment as described above, by transplanting only the shoots of the shoots and stems excluding the ones in which the first expanded leaves are almost eliminated, 95% or more of the seedlings can be firmly established and the high yield can be obtained. It is what you expect.

[0008]

[Means for Solving the Problems] Transfer of shoots of cane of the present invention
The planting method has the following constitutions (1) to (10)
It becomes. (1) Cultivation of sugar cane to be used as a mother stalk, and when it has a required stem length, the upper stem containing the apex growth point is cut off, and the remaining lower stem leaves are removed to remove the mother stem a. To do. (2) The primary axillary bud 3 germinated in the node of the mother stem a is the 8th
When the first to seventh expanded leaves 4 to 10 grow from the bud bract to grow, that is, when the primary branches b having at least 7 expanded leaves grow, the primary branch b is
It cuts in the middle of the superposed part of the 4th bud bract and the 5th bud bract and is cut off the primary shoot upper stem b'containing the apical bud growth point located in the superposed part. Only the primary branch stem base b ″ remains in the epiphytic part of the primary axillary bud 3 of each node of the mother stem a. (3) The secondary axillary bud germinated at the node of the primary branch stalk base b ″ is changed to the secondary branch. Growing on the stem c, and concentrating the secondary shoots c on the primary shoot base b ″ to form a secondary shoot mass. (4) establishing the primary shoot base b ″ on the mother shoot a The entire secondary branch shoot mass is cut off from the mother stem a by cutting at the part, and the secondary branch shoot c is cut from the secondary shoot mass with the bud and root tissue parts attached to each of them. Separate and separate the seedling shoots and stems (5) with the same number of leaves and at the required stem length. (6) The fertilizer-free soil is filled in each of the storage parts of the collective seedling raising apparatus formed by forming a large number of storage parts. (7) One seedling branch with the same number of leaves is inserted and planted in each housing of the same one set of seedling raising equipment, and the seedling branch with the same number of leaves is planted by grouping. , In addition, place each of the collective raising equipment in the raising nursery at the required intervals. (8) After the roots of the above-planted seedling shoots are fertilized as required, a so-called root-pot seedling is formed in which the root is formed by extending a large number of branch roots in the main root with soil. To grow to. (9) Before transplanting to this field, the collective seedling raising equipment should be taken out of the seedling raising house to acclimatize the branch and shoot seedlings, and at the same time, the leaves should be cut so that the seedling heights are almost the same. (10) After that, the above-mentioned shoots of branches and stems are continuously planted in the main field between required strains by a dedicated transplanter.

As is apparent from the above, as the above-mentioned collective raising apparatus, (a) a large number of accommodating parts are formed by a large number of paper cylinders, and each of the accommodating parts can be separated. Constitution (manufactured by Nippon Sugar Sugar Co., Ltd., registered trademark "paper pot"), (b) A large number of storage units are integrally molded with paper pulp or synthetic resin, and each of the storage units must be separated. (C) A large number of accommodating parts are integrally molded of paper pulp or synthetic resin, and the accommodating parts cannot be separated from each other. For use, it can be appropriately selected and adopted from these.

The planting by a dedicated transplanter may be carried out by separating each storage section storing the higher-order shoots and seedlings into individual pieces, and carrying out the respective higher-order shoots and seedlings in each storage section, Alternatively,
Without separating each of the above-mentioned storage units into individual ones, each higher-order branch and seedling seedling is extracted from each storage unit as a soil-based seedling forming a so-called root pot with soil at the root, and the extracted higher-order branch It is also good to plant stem seedlings. In that case, if planted with the upper part of the above-mentioned storage part or root pot exposed about 2 cm, branching from the stem part close to the root, that is, the branch bush, increases, and the yield can be further increased. It is possible.

Furthermore, as the sugar cane to be used as the mother stalk a, it is most preferable to plant a 2-node seedling obtained from a mature stalk, and the upper stalk is cut off when the stalk grows to about 300 cm. The use of the lower stem as the mother stem a is suitable for growing and collecting a higher branch shoot seedling h having a high degree of survival in this field, because the mother stem a is appropriately matured. Is. In this case, if the stalk is cut to a stem length of 120 cm, it is suitable for various subsequent operations in view of the average height of the worker.

When the primary shoots b growing from the primary axillary buds 3 of the mother stem a are grown until the number of developed leaves thereof reaches at least 7, the upper shoots b'of the primary shoots containing the apical shoot growth points thereof are formed. By excising and leaving the primary branch stem base b ″ on the mother stem a, secondary axillary buds can be efficiently germinated on the primary branch stem base b ″, and the secondary branch stem c can be grown. .

When the secondary shoots c are grown until the number of developed leaves reaches 5 to 6, the upper shoots c'of the secondary shoots including the apical bud growth point thereof are cut off to obtain the above-mentioned primary shoots. The secondary branch stem base c ″ is left in the base b ″, and the tertiary branch stem d growing from the tertiary axillary bud of the secondary branch stem base c ″ is grown until the number of developed leaves is 5 at maximum. At this time, the upper shoot of the tertiary shoot containing the apical bud growth point is removed, and the tertiary shoot base is left in the secondary shoot base c ″, or in the same manner, the fourth shoot is grown. By so doing, the tertiary branch stem d or the higher branch stem which is the fourth branch stem is formed on the primary branch stem base b ″ remaining on the mother stem a, thereby forming the higher branch stem mass e. It is a thing that can be concentrated in the.

The high-order shoots were cut off at a stem length of 15 to 20 cm, and the high-order shoots were planted by inserting the high-order shoots at a depth of about 3 cm with each interval being at least about 15 cm. By arranging it in the nursery house, it is possible to obtain sufficient sunshine and aeration necessary for rooting.

The temperature in the nursery house is maintained at 25 to 30 ° C., and appropriate irrigation is carried out to inject into higher branch shoots 4 to 7 days after planting in the spring and also in summer. Rooting 3-5 days after planting, and spring planting 1
After 0 days, and after 7 days of summer planting, irrigate the leaves so that the leaves do not shrink, and after rooting, perform the required fertilization at a rate of once a week, and branch the roots into multiple branches. It is preferable to grow the higher branch shoot h with the roots 14 elongated.

[0016] Acclimation of a higher branch shoot h to about 1
It is performed weekly, and the leaf cutting is carried out 3 days before transplanting to this field so that the seedling height is approximately 25 to 35 cm, and the leaf growth allows the seedling height to grow to a height at which the first developed leaves are almost eliminated. For high-order shoots and seedlings that have been clogged, if you remove one collective seedling-growing equipment that includes it without pruning, you can smoothly carry out transplantation of higher-order shoots and seedlings h with a dedicated transplanter. However, they are well rooted in the main field and contribute to the improvement of yield.

[0017]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION In the following, first, cane shoot stalks for sugar cane
The method for cultivating and cultivating the above is described, and then an embodiment of the method for transplanting and cultivating cane and shoots of sugar cane of the present invention will be described.

[Cultivation of cane sugar used as mother stalk] Two-section seedling 1 obtained by cutting a mature stalk into upper and lower two sections,
In a ridge groove 2 formed with a ridge width of about 140 cm and a depth of about 25 cm, it is laid horizontally at intervals of about 50 cm (Fig. 1) and planted with the required soil cover. Cultivate for about 7 months until it grows to about 300 cm (Fig. 2).

The stalk with a stem length of about 300 cm is cut, for example, at a stem length of about 120 cm by taking into consideration the worker's height and the like so that the subsequent work can be performed easily. Up to that, leaving up to
That is, about 180 cm of the upper stem containing the apex growth point of sugar cane is excised. Then, while disinfecting the cut portion,
A so-called defoliation process is performed to remove the vegetative leaves. As a result, a mother stem a is obtained in which pests are prevented from being generated and sunlight is sufficiently irradiated to each node (FIG. 3).

[Growth of primary shoots and secondary shoots] The mother shoot a has the apical bud growth point cut off and the apical dominance is broken. After 2 days, usually 2 to 6 axillary buds are germinated on average.
In the present example, a case was shown in which five primary axillary buds 3 were germinated at each of the fourth, sixth, eighth, tenth and twelfth sections (FIG. 4).

When the primary axillary bud 3 of each node grows from the 8th to 14th shoot bracts until the 1st to 7th expanded leaves 4 to 10 grow, that is, to the primary branch stem b having at least 7 expanded leaves When grown (Fig. 5), the primary shoot b is cut at the fifth node and at the midpoint between the polymerized parts of the fourth and fifth bud bracts, and the apical buds located at the polymerized part are cut. The upper shoot b ′ of the primary shoot containing the growth point is excised, so that only the primary shoot base b ″ consisting of the first to fifth nodes is attached to the primary axillary bud 3 of each node of the mother shoot a. Remain (Fig. 6).

When the number of leaves of the primary branch stalk b is still about 7, the concentric state in which the sixth and subsequent nodes 6, 7, 8 ... Are still included in the fifth node, In other words, they are located in a concentric ring like an annual ring. By the way, the apical bud growth point of the primary shoot b exists at the fifth node part, but it is not covered by the bracts and cannot be visually judged from the outside. However, it has been confirmed empirically that the apical bud growth point can be excised by cutting at the midpoint between the overlapping portions of the fourth bud bract and the fifth bud bract. Further, generally, in the cane shoots, the bud and root tissue parts are present for the first time in the fifth and subsequent sections.

By cutting off the upper stem b'of the primary branch stalk, each of the sixth, seventh, eighth, ... nodes is extended (Fig. 7), and one node is provided for each of the fifth and eighth nodes. Germinates a total of four secondary axillary buds. When the secondary axillary bud of each node grows to 5 to 6 expanded leaves and grows into a secondary branch stem c in the same manner as in the case of the primary axillary bud 3 described above (FIG. 8), the secondary branch Stem c
Was cut at the midpoint between the fifth bud bract and the polymerized part of the fourth bud bract and the fifth bud bract, and the secondary branch stem upper stem c ′ containing the apical bud growth point located at the polymerized part was cut. By excision, by this, in the secondary axillary bud epiphytic part of each node of the primary shoot base b ″,
The secondary branch stem base c ″ consisting of Sections 1 to 5 is left (FIG. 9).

[Cultivation of tertiary shoots] The secondary shoot base c ″ is divided into the sixth, seventh, eighth, ... nodes by excision of the secondary shoot upper stem c ′ including the apical bud growth point. ,
The internodes are elongated and two tertiary axillary buds are germinated at each of the sixth and seventh nodes. The tertiary axillary buds of each node are grown in the same manner as in the case of the primary axillary bud 3 or the secondary axillary buds until the number of developed leaves is 5 at maximum, and the tertiary axils d are grown. From the above, 5 × 4 × 2 = 40 tertiary branch stems d grow in the entire one stem a of this example, and these are the 5th, 6th, 8th, 10th stems of the mother stem a. , 12 sections, more specifically, where 8 tertiary branch stems d are concentrated in clusters on the primary branch stem bases b ″ growing on the respective nodes via the secondary branch stem bases c ″. (Fig. 10).

[Collection of Tertiary Branches] In the present example, the above-mentioned tertiary branches d is used as a target higher branch, and this is sampled by using the above-mentioned primary branch base b ″ as a mother. The whole higher branch shoot mass e having eight tertiary branch shoots d is cut off from the mother stem a by cutting at the epiphytic part of each node of the stem a (Fig. 11). If e is a low temperature of about 8 ° C, it can be stored for about 10 days before being planted in a collective raising apparatus to be described later, but in this example, high temperature after storage at the low temperature is possible. Eight tertiary branch stalks d were individually cut from the next branch stalk mass e. For cutting off the tertiary branch stalk d, for example, the secondary branch stalk base c on which the two tertiary stalks d have grown After splitting "" into two (Fig. 12), the section of the secondary branch base c "(5th
The bud and root tissue parts 11 present in
However, it is important to separate the third branch stem d from the side of the third branch stem base d ″ to be separated (FIG. 1).
3). From the above, one mother stem a to the target tertiary branch stem d
It is possible to collect 5 × 4 × 2, ie, 40 high-order branch stems.

In some cases, for example, 5 × 6 × 4 or 120 branches can be collected from one mother stem, and 5 × 4 × 2 or 40 branches of this example can be collected. It can be said that it is average. Further, in order to increase the number of higher-order branch shoots collected from one mother stem, a fourth-order branch shoot is grown in the same manner as the above-described third-order shoot branch d of this example, and this is collected. It is also possible to do so, in which case 5 × 4 × 2 × 2
For example, 80 or 5 × 6 × 4 × 2 or 240 can be collected.

[Division of tertiary shoots and leaf-scissor treatment for pre-nursing management] A large amount of tertiary shoots d, which are a large number of high-order shoots collected from a large number of mother shoots according to the above-mentioned procedure, are vitalized by transplanting to this field. The seedlings are raised to higher branch shoots with extended roots required for self-sustaining growth. As a pretreatment for raising seedlings, first, for each seedling with the same number of leaves, namely, 1 leaf, 2 leaves, 3 leaves. It is pre-divided into leaves, 4 leaves, and 5 leaves. This is because in the subsequent seedling management, if you try to grow seedlings with the same one collective seedling raising device in which different numbers of leaves are mixed, those with less leaves will be shaded and photosynthesis will not be sufficient. This is because it is possible to avoid withering after a significant delay.

Next, each tertiary branch stem d divided as described above
Is subjected to a leaf-scissor treatment at a stem length of 15 to 20 cm (Fig. 1
4). This is to prevent the leaves from interfering with the ventilation during seedlings and to promote early rooting.
Therefore, this leaf-scissor treatment, especially for those with a large number of leaves, is essential.

[Raising of seedlings] Higher-order shoots, which are roots of higher-order shoots, which are tertiary shoots d collected from mother stalks, and have roots elongated for rooting and growing in this field as described above In order to make a stem seedling, the inventors conducted an experiment using various collective raising equipment. As a result, among the above-mentioned three types of collective seedling raising equipment, a large number of housings are formed by a large number of paper cylinders, and each of the housings can be separated (Japanese sugar beet sugar It is a registered trademark "Paper Pot" manufactured by Co., Ltd., and one is a paper cylinder 12 having a diameter of 3 cm and a height of 10 cm, 12 in a row and 22 in a row, for a total of 264.
It was found that the collective raising apparatus f having a honeycomb arrangement of books is optimal for raising seedlings in this example.

Then, each paper cylinder 1 of the collective raising apparatus f
2 is filled with fertilizer-free soil, that is, fertilizer-free soil, and each of them is filled with the above-mentioned tertiary branch stem d.
To a depth of about 3 cm and planted (Fig. 15). In this case, one collective seedling raising device f has the same number of tertiary leaves d with the same number of leaves.
Was planted by planting so as not to mix different numbers of leaves. Further, when arranging the collective seedling raising equipment f in the seedling raising house g as well, the collective seedling raising apparatuses f into which the same number of leaves of the tertiary branch stems d have been inserted and planted are grouped, and the intervals between the respective collective seedling raising apparatuses f are set. It was arranged at least about 15 cm (FIG. 16).

The temperature inside the nursery house g is maintained at 25 to 30 ° C. to avoid a sudden temperature change, and watering is performed immediately after the arrangement of the collective nursery equipment f in the nursery house is completed, and especially On the day, it was fully performed day and night, and from the second day, it was performed for about 10 minutes every hour only in the daytime, and no watering was performed at night. As a result, the tertiary shoots d started rooting in the spring in 4 to 7 days after the planting and in the summer in the same manner 3 to 5 days after the planting. After 10 days of spring planting and after 7 days of summer planting,
It was sufficient to irrigate the leaves so that they would not shrink.

As described above, the rooting is relatively fast because the soil is not mixed with fertilizer and the fertilization is not carried out after the planting, rather the rooting is promoted. After rooting, the required extension of fertilization was performed once a week to further promote the subsequent elongation of the roots.

4 weeks in spring and 3 in summer
In the seedling raising period of a week, the above-mentioned tertiary branch stem d has one leaf having 4 leaves, 2 leaves having 4 to 5 leaves, and 3 leaves having 3 leaves. There are 5 to 6 leaves, 4 leaves have 5 to 6 leaves, and 5 leaves have 6 leaves.
7 to 7 leaves, and all of them grew into a higher branch shoot seedling h having a so-called root pot in which soil was attached to the root portion obtained by extending a large number of branch roots 14 in the main root 13 (FIG. 17).

[Transplantation] In transplanting to this field, about 1 week before the transplantation (thus, 3 weeks after the transplanting in the spring and 2 weeks in the summer), the collective seedling-growing device f is placed in the seedling-growing house g. And acclimatize the higher order shoots and seedlings h, that is, the higher order shoots and seedlings h are adapted to environmental changes. This facilitates and ensures the survival of each seedling in the main field.

Furthermore, three days before the transplantation to the main field, the seedlings were cut to a height of approximately 25 to 35 cm and aligned (see FIG. 1).
8) As a result, preparations are made so that the automatic transplanting work into the main field by the exclusive transplanter can be smoothly performed. However, when the seedling height is cut to about 25 to 35 cm as described above, the high-order branch shoot seedling h that has grown to a height at which the first developed leaves are almost absent even when transplanted to this field. Since the higher branch shoots h are not killed without removing the leaves, one collective raising apparatus f including them is prepared for use as it is as a supplementary seedling.

The dedicated transplanter is a tractor-pulling type, and is equipped with a seedling row separation mechanism, a seedling individual separation mechanism, a seedling planting mechanism, a grooving mechanism and the like that are automatically driven as the tractor runs. Transplanting is carried out by the above-mentioned seedling separation mechanism f
The paper cylinders 12 are collectively separated row by row, that is, every 22 rows, and they are individually separated by the seedling individual separating mechanism and fed to the seedling planting mechanism.
A groove width of 75 to 80 cm for pre-excavation at 40 to 150 cm,
At the bottom of the ridge 15 having a depth of about 25 cm, the higher-order shoots and seedlings h together with the paper cylinder 12 are continuously arranged at a required plant interval and with the upper portion of the paper cylinder 12 exposed at about 2 cm. This was done by planting (Fig. 19).

The survival rate of the higher branch shoots h thus transplanted was 95% or more. This is a significant improvement in comparison with the conventional germination rate of the new two-section seedling cultivation method which was usually only 50 to 60% due to the maturity of stalks, weather conditions or soil conditions. Yes, it is clear that it can contribute to improving the yield.

As described above, the upper portion of the paper tube 12 is about 2
cm is not exposed in the soil and is in a shallow planting state, and the planting depth is constant, so branching from the stem part near the root, that is, the branch (bunketsu) In comparison with the conventional cultivation method, it was increased by about 10%, which further contributed to the improvement of the yield.

[0039]

As is apparent from the above description,
The present invention has the following effects. (A) Since a large number of shoots are intensively grouped in the node portion of the stalk (mother shoot), the shoots can be efficiently collected without much trouble. (B) When raising seedlings in a seedling raising house, the seedlings of the same number of leaves are planted by inserting them into a collective seedling raising device, and the set of seedling raising devices accommodating the same number of leaves of the stems are installed at a required interval. Moreover , since rooting is managed by not intentionally applying fertilizers at the beginning, it is possible to obtain a shoot with a substantially equal seedling length and a large number of branched roots necessary for rooting. (C) Before transplanting the shoots to the main field, they are taken out from the nursery house to be acclimatized, that is, to adapt to environmental changes, so that each seedling is firmly rooted and grown in the main field. (D) Since the seedling height is adjusted to be approximately 25 to 35 cm by defoliation, it is possible to smoothly perform the automatic transplanting work to the main field by the dedicated transplanter. (E) By performing the leaf-scissing process as described above, only the shoots of the shoots and stems excluding the ones in which the first developed leaves are almost eliminated are transplanted, so that 95% or more can be engrafted and a high yield can be expected.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory view showing a state in which two-section seedlings are planted in order to cultivate cane sugar used as a mother stalk.

FIG. 2 is a front view of a sugar cane grown to the extent that it can be used as a mother stem.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of a mother stalk obtained by removing the required length of the upper stem including the apex growth point of sugar cane, leaving the 12th node and stripping the leaves.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory view showing a state in which a total of five primary branch stems are grown at each of the fourth, sixth, eighth, tenth, and twelfth sections of the above-mentioned mother stem.

[Fig. 5] The primary shoot of the same as above has its apical bud growth point located at the fifth node part and at the overlapping part of the fourth bud bract and the fifth bud bract, and the number of developed leaves is 7 to 8. It is an explanatory view of a state where it has grown up to that point.

[Fig. 6] The primary shoots of the same as above are cut at the midpoint of the overlapping portion of the fourth bud bract and the fifth bud bract, and the upper part of the primary shoot containing the apical bud growth point is excised, and the primary branch shoot base is cut. It is explanatory drawing which shows the state which left only the mother stem.

FIG. 7 is an explanatory view showing a state in which the sixth to eighth nodes, which are the fifth and subsequent nodes of the primary branch stem base, are elongated.

FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing a state in which a total of four secondary branches are grown in each of the fifth to eighth sections of the primary branch stem base of the above.

FIG. 9 shows the same secondary secondary shoots that have grown up to the number of expanded leaves of 5 or 6 leaves, as in the case of the primary shoots, at the midpoint of the overlapping portion between the fourth shoot bract and the fifth shoot bract. FIG. 3 is an explanatory view showing a state in which the upper part of the secondary shoot containing the apical bud growth point is cut off and the base of the secondary shoot is left behind in the base of the primary shoot.

[Fig. 10] Fig. 10 shows four tertiary branch stems at the bases of the above-mentioned four secondary branch stems, one at each of the sixth branch and the seventh branch, with a total of eight tertiary branch stems having the largest number of expanded leaves and growing to five leaves. FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing a state in which a higher-order branch mass has been formed on the mother stem on which the primary branch base has grown.

FIG. 11 is a perspective view of the higher branch stalk mass separated from the mother stalk.

FIG. 12 is an explanatory diagram showing a state in which the above-mentioned higher order shoot mass is cut into individual tertiary shoots (that is, higher order shoots).

FIG. 13 is a front view of a separated tertiary branch, (1) shows a 4-leaf tertiary branch, and (2) shows a 5-leaf tertiary branch.

FIG. 14 is a front view of a tertiary branch shoot cut to a height of 15 to 20 cm, (1) showing a 4-leaf tertiary branch shoot, and (2) showing a 5-leaf tertiary branch shoot.

FIG. 15 is an explanatory view showing a state in which a four-leaf tertiary branch and stalk is inserted and planted in a collective seedling raising device.

FIG. 16 is an explanatory diagram showing an arrangement state of a collective raising apparatus in which tertiary shoots are inserted and planted in a raising seedling house.

FIG. 17 is an explanatory diagram showing a rooting state of a higher-order branch and shoot seedling that has grown to a transplantable state.

FIG. 18 is an explanatory diagram of higher-order shoots and seedlings showing a state in which a predetermined leaf-scissoring treatment is carried out in a state of being planted in a collective raising apparatus immediately before transplantation.

FIG. 19 is an explanatory view showing a state of transplanting a higher-order branch and seedling to the main field.

[Explanation of symbols]

a mother stem b primary branch stem b'primary branch stem upper stem b "primary branch stem base c secondary branch stem c'secondary branch stem upper stem c" secondary branch stem base d tertiary branch stem d "tertiary branch stem base e Higher-order shoot mass f A collective seedling-growing equipment (registered trademark “paper pot” manufactured by Nippon Sugar Beet Sugar Co., Ltd.) in which a large number of paper cylinders that can be separated from each other are arranged in a honeycomb arrangement g House for raising seedlings h High-order shoots and seedlings 1 2 Section seedling 2 Ridge groove 3 Primary axillary bud 4 First expansion leaf 5 Second expansion leaf 6 Third expansion leaf 7 Fourth expansion leaf 8 Fifth expansion leaf 9 Sixth expansion leaf 10 Seventh expansion leaf 11 Bud and root tissue part 12 Paper tube 13 Main root 14 Branch root

Front page continuation (72) Inventor Toshio Yanase 2-3-13 Kyobashi, Chuo-ku, Tokyo Inside Beet Sugar Manufacturing Co., Ltd. of Japan (56) Reference JP-A-8-280244 (JP, A) JP-A-10-271902 (JP, A) (58) Fields surveyed (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) A01G 1/00 A01C 11/02

Claims (15)

(57) [Claims] (1) Cultivation of sugar cane to be used as a mother stalk, and when the stalk length reaches a required stalk length, the upper stalk containing the apical bud growth point is cut off and the remaining lower stalk leaf is removed. (2) The primary axillary bud germinated in the node of the above-mentioned mother stem is 8th to 1st.
When the 1st to 7th expanded leaves are grown from the 4 buds, that is, when they are grown into a primary branch having at least 7 expanded leaves, the primary branch is the fifth node part and Cut in the middle of the overlapping part of 4th bud and 5th bud,
Excising the upper shoot of the primary shoot containing the apical bud growth point located in the overlapping part, thereby leaving only the base of the primary shoot in the epiphytic part of the primary axillary bud of each node of the mother stem, (3) Secondary axillary buds that germinate in the node at the base of the primary shoot
Growing into secondary shoots and concentrating the secondary shoots at the base of the primary shoots to form a mass of secondary shoots, (4) cutting the base of the primary shoot at the epiphytic part of the mother stem By separating the whole secondary branch shoot mass from the mother stem by this, the secondary shoot shoots from the secondary shoot shoot mass are cut off with the bud and root base tissue parts attached to each of them (5) The shoots and stems of the seedlings are divided into groups having the same number of leaves, and the leaves are pruned at a required stem length. (6) Collective seedlings formed by forming a large number of storage sections. Filling each storage part of the device with fertilizer-free soil, (7) Inserting one branch of the same number of leaves into each storage part of the same one seedling raising device, and Group the seedling-growing equipment in which the shoots and stems have been inserted and planted, and then use each of the seedling-growing equipment for the required time. (8) After the roots of the above-planted seedling shoots rooted, fertilization is performed as required, and soil is added to the root part where a large number of branch roots are extended to the main root. To grow the shoots with so-called root pots attached (9) Before transplanting to this field, take out the collective seedling raising equipment from the seedling house to acclimate the shoots, and (10) A method for transplanting and cultivating cane shoots and seedlings of sugar cane, comprising: (10) subsequently planting the above-mentioned shoots and shoots of the above-mentioned shoots in a continuous manner between required strains in this field using a dedicated transplanter. 2. (1) Cultivation of sugar cane used as a mother stalk, and when it reaches a required stem length, the upper stem containing the apical bud growth point is excised and the leaves of the lower stem remaining are removed. (2) The primary axillary bud germinated in the node of the above-mentioned mother stem is 8th to 1st.
When the 1st to 7th expanded leaves are grown from the 4 buds, that is, when they are grown into a primary branch having at least 7 expanded leaves, the primary branch is the fifth node part and Cut in the middle of the overlapping part of 4th bud and 5th bud,
Excising the upper shoot of the primary shoot containing the apical bud growth point located in the overlapping part, thereby leaving only the base of the primary shoot in the epiphytic part of the primary axillary bud of each node of the mother stem, (3) The secondary axillary buds that germinate at the node at the base of the primary branch,
When grown to a secondary branch having 5 to 6 expanded leaves, the secondary branch is cut in the middle of the fifth node portion and the overlapping portion of the fourth shoot bract and the fifth shoot bract, Excising the upper branch of the secondary shoot containing the apical bud growth point located in the overlapping portion, thereby leaving the secondary shoot base at the primary shoot base of each node of the mother stem, (4) Tertiary axillary buds that germinate in the node at the base of the secondary branch,
(3) growing tertiary stalks having a maximum number of expanded leaves of 5 and cultivating the tertiary stalks intensively to the above-mentioned primary stalk bases through the secondary stalk bases to form tertiary stalk masses; While cutting off the entire tertiary shoot mass from the mother stem by cutting the primary shoot base at the epiphytic part of the mother shoot, the tertiary shoots from the tertiary shoot mass, the tertiary shoots, to each of them bud and root tissue part Attaching the seedlings to separate them into seedling shoots, (6) divide the seedling shoots into pieces with the same number of leaves, and prun at the required stem length. (7) Filling each storage part of the collective seedling raising device formed by a large number of storage parts with fertilizer-free soil, (8) Each storage part of the same single seedling raising device is provided with the same number of leaves of shoots and stems. Grouping seedling raising equipment with each one planted and planted with the same number of seedling shoots In addition, each of the collective nursery equipment should be placed in the nursery house at a required interval, (9) After the roots of the above-planted seedling shoots have been fertilized, the main root must be applied. To grow a branch and shoot seedling that forms a so-called root pot in which soil is attached to the root part where a large number of branch roots are extended, (10) Before transplanting to this field, remove the collective seedling raising equipment from the seedling raising house. While acclimatizing the shoots and shoots, pruning the seedlings so that the heights of the shoots are almost uniform. (11) After that, the above-mentioned shoots and shoots are continuously planted in the field between the required strains using a dedicated transplanter. A method for transplanting and cultivating cane shoots of sugar cane. 3. (1) Cultivation of sugar cane used as a mother stalk, and when it reaches a required stalk length, the upper stalk containing the apical bud growth point is excised and the leaves of the lower stalk remaining are removed. (2) The primary axillary bud germinated in the node of the above-mentioned mother stem is 8th to 1st.
When the 1st to 7th expanded leaves are grown from the 4 buds, that is, when they are grown into a primary branch having at least 7 expanded leaves, the primary branch is the fifth node part and Cut in the middle of the overlapping part of 4th bud and 5th bud,
Excising the upper shoot of the primary shoot containing the apical bud growth point located in the overlapping part, thereby leaving only the base of the primary shoot in the epiphytic part of the primary axillary bud of each node of the mother stem, (3) The secondary axillary buds that germinate at the node at the base of the primary branch,
When grown to a secondary branch having 5 to 6 expanded leaves, the secondary branch is cut in the middle of the fifth node portion and the overlapping portion of the fourth shoot bract and the fifth shoot bract, Excising the upper branch of the secondary shoot containing the apical bud growth point located in the overlapping portion, thereby leaving the secondary shoot base at the primary shoot base of each node of the mother stem, (4) Tertiary axillary buds that germinate in the node of the secondary branch stem base,
Growing into tertiary shoots with 5 to 6 developed leaves, cutting the tertiary shoots in the middle of the fifth section and the overlapping section of the fourth bud bract and the fifth bud bract, and polymerizing The upper stem of the tertiary shoot containing the apical bud growth point located in the part is excised, and
Retaining the tertiary branch stem base on the secondary branch stem base (5) A quaternary branch having a maximum of five expanded leaves of quaternary axillary buds germinating in the fifth and subsequent nodes of the tertiary branch stem base. Growing to a stalk and concentrating the quaternary shoots on the above-mentioned primary shoot base through the secondary shoot base and the tertiary shoot base to form a quaternary shoot mass, (6) The above-mentioned primary shoot base The quaternary branch mass is cut off from the mother stalk by cutting at the epiphytic part of the stalk, and the quaternary branch stalk is attached to the quaternary branch mass from each of the quaternary branch masses, and each of them has a bud and root tissue part. (7) Divide the stems for seedlings into groups with the same number of leaves, and prun at the required stem length. (8) Many (9) The same 1 One seedling branch with the same number of leaves is inserted and planted in each accommodating section of each collective seedling raising apparatus, and the seedling branching apparatus with the same number of leaf seedlings inserted and planted is grouped, and then the set Arranging each of the seedling-growing equipment in the seedling-growing house at required intervals, (10) After the roots of the above-planted seedling shoots are fertilized as required, a large number of branch roots are added to the main root. Growing into a branch shoot with a so-called root pot with soil added to the expanded roots, (11) Before transplanting to this field, remove the collective seedling raising equipment from the seedling growing house and order the shoots. (12) Thereafter, the above-mentioned shoots and shoots of the branches and stems are continuously planted in the main field between the required plants by a dedicated transplanter. Method for transplant cultivation of stem and seedlings. 4. When cultivated sugar cane to be used as a mother stalk and when it has a required stem length, the first part to the 12th part are left and its upper part, that is, the upper part including the apical bud growth point. 4. The method for transplanting and cultivating cane shoots of sugar cane according to claim 1, wherein the stems are cut off and the remaining lower stem leaves are removed to obtain mother stems. 5. The cane shoot seedling according to claim 1, 2, 3 or 4, wherein the sugar cane used as a mother stalk is cultivated by planting a two-section seedling obtained from a mature stalk. Transplant cultivation method. 6. The above-mentioned storage units of the collective raising apparatus are separated into individual storage units, and the respective shoots of the branches and stems are continuously planted into the main field between the required strains by a dedicated transplanter, together with the storage units in which they are stored. The method for transplanting and cultivating cane and shoots of sugar cane according to claim 5. 7. The seedling seedlings are extracted from each of the storage parts of the collective raising apparatus without separating the storage parts, and the seedlings are extracted from the storage parts as soil-containing seedlings forming a so-called root pot. The method for transplanting and cultivating cane shoots and seedlings according to claim 5, wherein the extracted shoots and shoots are continuously planted in the main field between required strains by a dedicated transplanter. 8. A collective seedling raising apparatus in which the shoots of the seedlings are pruned at a stem length of 15 to 20 cm, and the shoots of the seedlings are inserted and planted at a depth of about 3 cm, with an interval of at least about 15 cm. The method for transplanting and cultivating cane and shoots of sugar cane according to claim 5, 6 or 7, wherein the method is arranged in a nursery house. 9. The temperature in the nursery house is maintained at 25 to 30 ° C., and water is appropriately applied to the shoots of the seedlings 4 to 7 days after planting in the spring and in the summer. Similarly, rooting is carried out 3 to 5 days after the planting, and the planting in spring 1
After 0 days, and after 7 days of summer planting, irrigate the leaves to such an extent that the leaves do not shrink, and after rooting, perform the required fertilization at a rate of once a week. The method for transplanting and cultivating cane shoots and seedlings of sugar cane according to claim 5, 6, 7 or 8, wherein the seedlings and seedlings are grown. 10. Acclimation of branch shoots is carried out about 1 week before transplantation to this field, and defoliation is carried out 3 days before transplantation to this field so that the plant height is approximately 25 to 35 cm. One feature of the plant is that the stem and seedlings that have grown to such a height that the first expanded leaves are almost completely eliminated by pruning are not shredded, and one collective seedling-growing device containing it is removed. A method for transplanting and cultivating cane and shoots of sugar cane according to claim 5, 6, 7, 8 or 9. 11. The planting of the shoots of the branches and stems in the main field by a dedicated transplanter is performed with the upper part of the accommodating portion or root pot exposed about 2 cm.
8. A method for transplanting and cultivating cane and shoots of sugar cane according to 8, 9, or 10. (1) Claims 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5
The above-mentioned shoots and stems for seedlings are divided into those having the same number of leaves, and the leaves are pruned at a stem length of 15 to 20 cm. Fill the soil with fertilizer-free fertilizer into each of them, and make each of the above-mentioned shoots and stems a depth of about 3 cm.
For each collective seedling raising device, seedling shoots with the same number of leaves are inserted and planted, and the collective seedling raising device is grouped by grouping seedling shoots with the same number of leaves inserted and planted in the nursery house. And arrange each of the collective raising equipment with an interval of at least about 15 cm, (3) Maintaining the temperature in the raising seedling house at 25 to 30 ° C,
In addition, irrigation will be performed immediately after the placement of collective seedling raising equipment in the seedling raising house has been completed, and on the day of the placement, it will be fully performed day and night. The shoots are rooted 4 to 7 days after the planting in spring, and 3 to 5 days after the planting in summer, and after 10 days in the spring and 7 days in the summer. After that, irrigate the leaves to such an extent that they do not wilt. (4) After rooting, the required fertilization is performed once a week, and the shoots for seedlings are kept for 4 weeks in spring and 3 in summer. One leaf has 4 leaves per week, 2 leaves has 4 to 5 leaves, 3 leaves has 5 to 6 leaves, and 4 leaves Has 5 to 6 leaves, and 5 leaves has 6 to 7 leaves. Growing into branch shoots with a large number of branched roots growing on the roots. (5) About one week before transplanting to this field, remove the collective seedling raising equipment from the seedling growing house and acclimatize the branch shoots. Furthermore, 3 days before transplanting to the main field, the seedling height was adjusted to about 25-35.
1 leaves the stems and leaves without cutting the leaves of the stems and leaves that have been grown to a height such that the first developed leaves are almost eliminated by this leaf cutting.
(6) Pruning seedlings other than those that were removed together with the collective seedling raising equipment are made to accompany the running of the tractor-pulling type transplanter, and the grooving mechanism is used to pre-excavate this field. A method for transplanting and cultivating cane and shoots of sugar cane, which comprises continuously planting between required plants at the bottom of the furrow. 13. The above-mentioned storage section of the collective raising apparatus is separated into each storage section, and each branch and shoot seedling is stored in the storage section in which the seedlings are stored, and about 2 cm above the storage section is exposed. The method for transplanting and cultivating cane and shoots of sugar cane according to claim 12, wherein the method is carried out continuously. 14. The seedling seedlings are extracted from each of the storage sections of the collective raising apparatus without separating the storage sections from the storage sections as soil-based seedlings forming a so-called root pot.
13. The method for transplanting and cultivating cane shoots of sugar cane according to claim 12, wherein the extracted shoots of shoots of shoots are continuously planted in the main field with about 2 cm of the upper part of the root pot exposed. 15. A collective seedling raising apparatus, wherein a large number of accommodating portions are formed by arranging a large number of paper cylinders in a honeycomb arrangement and adhering them to each other, and each of the accommodating portions can be separated. 5. The method according to claim 5, 6,
7. A method for transplanting and cultivating cane and shoots of sugar cane according to 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13 or 14.