CN115885753A - Method for improving transplanting survival rate of elaeagnus conferta roxb seedlings - Google Patents
Method for improving transplanting survival rate of elaeagnus conferta roxb seedlings Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for improving transplanting survival rate of elaeagnus conferta roxb seedlings, which comprises the following steps: (1) seedling raising bag selection: adopting a longer seedling raising bag capable of spontaneously degrading to raise seedlings, and obtaining grafted seedlings after grafting; (2) selecting nursery stock: selecting the mature grafted seedling with the scion above two fluffy shoots as a seedling for outplanting; (3) hardening seedlings: spraying foliar fertilizer every 7-10 days one month before transplanting seedlings; opening the sunshade net intermittently 20 days before seedling transplanting; opening a sunshade net 10 days before seedling transplanting; (4) transplanting and field planting along with the bags; (5) field planting management: spraying sufficient root fixing water after field planting, and shading with a small-hole shed; after the buds grow out, irrigating roots with potassium fulvate; after the two new sprouts are drawn out, the sunshade net is half removed, and after the leaf surfaces have no obvious sunburn, the sunshade net is removed, so that the seedlings can grow normally. The method of the invention ensures that the transplanting survival rate of the seedlings of the milk fruit reaches more than 90 percent, the seedlings do not have obvious lag phase in growth, the workload of repeated seedling supplement is greatly reduced, and the purposes of cost reduction and efficiency improvement are achieved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of plant cultivation, and particularly relates to a method for improving transplanting survival rate of elaeagnus conferta roxb seedlings.
Background
Lour fruit (Baccaurea ramiflora Lour.), namely Syzygium divaricatum, asclepiadaceae, lychee, murraya koenigii, huoguo and the like, which belong to evergreen trees of the Euphorbiaceae family. The fruits of the pawpaw are sour and sweet, rich in sugar, vitamin C and various trace elements required by human body, and can be eaten fresh; leaf, root and pericarp can be used as medicinal materials; the tree shape is beautiful, can be dwarfed to be potted plant, can also be used as landscape tree, and is a wild fruit tree which integrates edible, medicinal and ornamental functions and has great development potential.
At present, the growth of the elaeagnus pungens is mainly in a wild state, the planting area introduced into a field and a hillside is small, and large-area popularization is not developed. In recent years, researchers gradually develop artificial domestication and cultivation research on the elaeagnus conferta roxb, and the work of germplasm resource collection, sowing breeding, cuttage breeding, grafting breeding and the like is performed. Wild ficus carica belongs to a negative plant, the natural habitat of the ficus carica belongs to the middle and lower layers of a tropical rain forest, seedlings need to be transplanted to a field from a nursery garden in the process of artificial cultivation, and in the link, because the tolerance of ficus carica seedlings to strong light is extremely poor, sudden transplantation often gradually declines and dies due to incapability of adaptation; meanwhile, the root system of the prunus humilis bunge is fragile, the bare-rooted seedling can generate higher death rate if the root system is damaged during transplanting, and even if the seedlings are transplanted with soil, if the soil mass is greatly loosened, the matrix is separated from the root system, the seedlings are difficult to recover, and the seedling hardening phenomenon occurs. Under the conventional planting method, the transplanting survival rate of the elaeagnus conferta roxb even reaches less than 40%, which is also an important factor for restricting the planting and popularization of elaeagnus conferta roxb.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a method for improving the transplanting survival rate of the seedlings of the Elaeagnus umbellata, the seedling is cultivated by adopting the degradable seedling-cultivating bags with longer length and thinner thickness, the problem of root penetration is solved, the procedure of bag picking during field planting is reduced, and the damage to the root system during the seedling lifting and field planting process is reduced; and by combining operation methods of hardening off seedlings in a greenhouse and irrigating roots after field planting, gradually removing a sunshade net and the like, the transplanting survival rate of the milk fruit seedlings reaches over 90 percent, the seedlings do not have obvious lag phase in growth, the workload of repeated seedling supplement is greatly reduced, and the purposes of cost reduction and efficiency improvement are achieved.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a method for improving transplanting survival rate of elaeagnus conferta roxb seedlings comprises the following steps:
(1) Seedling raising with a seedling bag: selecting a seedling bag with a long length and capable of being automatically degraded to carry out seedling raising of the seedlings of the milk fruit, and grafting when the height of the seedlings is 60-70cm and the ground diameter is 0.6-0.8 cm; selecting semi-lignified or lignified mature branches with robust growth, full bud eyes and thickness of 0.6-0.8cm on a healthy mother tree as scions for grafting to obtain grafted seedlings;
(2) Selecting nursery stock: selecting strong grafted seedlings, wherein the scion is required to be pulled out more than two fluffy tips, the last fluffy tip is required to be pulled out for more than 45 days, and the grafted seedlings are fully aged to meet the requirements of outplanting and seedling selection;
(3) Seedling hardening: spraying a mixed solution of monopotassium phosphate and brassinolide to the leaf surfaces every 7 to 10 days one month before transplanting seedlings; starting 20 days before seedling transplanting, keeping shading in 11-00 periods of each day, and opening a shading net in the seedling shed in other periods of each day; starting from 10 days before seedling transplanting, opening a sunshade net all day long to enable the seedlings to adapt to light;
(4) Transplanting and field planting along with bags: when the seedlings are transplanted to a field, the seedling bags do not need to be removed from the grafted seedlings, only a plurality of knives need to be cut at the bag bottoms and the bag walls, and then the grafted seedlings are fixedly planted in the planting pits together with the bags;
(5) Planting management:
(1) after field planting, pouring enough root fixing water, and then independently erecting a small-hole shed for shading each plant of the milk fruit seedlings;
(2) after about 5-7 days when the young seedlings of the Elaeagnus conferta L.have sprout, beginning to irrigate the roots with about 3-5kg of fulvic acid potassium diluent once every 20-25 days for 3-4 times continuously.
(3) After 2-3 months, the seedling is taken out a new tip, the sunshade net on the small-hole shed is firstly removed by a half, after 1 month, the seedling gradually adapts to the strong light (namely obvious sunburn does not appear on the leaf surface), the sunshade net can be completely removed, and the seedling is subjected to conventional management.
Further, in the step (1), the non-woven bag which is capable of spontaneously degrading within 2-3 years and has the diameter of 20cm, the height of 30cm and the thickness of 0.2mm is selected as the seedling raising bag.
Further, in the step (3), the concentration of the potassium dihydrogen phosphate in the mixed solution is 1g/L, and the concentration of the brassinolide is 0.2mg/L; the spraying standard is that the leaves are just watered.
Further, in the step (4), the row spacing of the planted plants is 4m × 5m.
Further, in the step (5), the concentration of the potassium fulvate is 100-150mg/L.
Further, in the step (5), the height of the small hole shed is 80-100cm, and the shading rate is 70% -80%.
The milk fruit tree has the characteristics that the milk fruit tree grows slowly, seeds are directly sown in seedling bags, the grafting standard can be reached after the seeds grow for more than 1 year, and the grafting standard can be reached after the seeds grow for 10-12 months.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. common woody fruit tree seedlings can be directly transplanted to a field with bare roots, but the transplanting survival rate of the tree milk fruit seedlings with bare roots is low, so that the key point is to ensure the root system to be planted with soil. At present, traditional seedlings such as liana and herbaceous plants are mainly grown and planted by seedling raising bags, a plurality of seedling raising bags are difficult to degrade in a short period due to the fact that manufacturing raw materials or thickness and the like are difficult to degrade, therefore, the bags need to be removed when seedlings are transplanted and fixed, the seedlings of a long root system are often attached to the seedling raising bags tightly or even the root penetrating phenomenon occurs, so that loose soil masses are easily caused in the process of removing the seedling raising bags, the survival rate is reduced, and especially the seedlings of the long root system such as ficus carica are planted. According to the invention, the seedling raising bags which are long in length and thin in thickness and can be automatically degraded are directly selected for seedling raising, the seedlings can be directly planted in the field in the later stage of seedling transplanting, the seedling raising bags do not need to be removed, the loosening of soil masses is avoided, the transplanting survival of the milk fruit is facilitated, and the operation is more time-saving and convenient.
2. In the seedling hardening process, the mixed solution of monopotassium phosphate and brassinolide is sprayed, and the monopotassium phosphate can promote root growth, photosynthesis and tree vigor enhancement; brassinolide is called 'stress relaxation hormone', and can promote the accumulation of proline and polyamine substances in plants, and improve the activity of antioxidant related enzymes such as superoxide dismutase and peroxidase, thereby improving the stress resistance of plants. The monopotassium phosphate and the brassinolide are matched for use, are complementary and coordinated with each other, can enable roots of the pawpaw milk fruits to be developed and leaves to be thick, improve the quality and stress resistance of seedlings, and are beneficial to the following field transplanting. And starting 20 days before transplanting, carrying out sun-shading-free seedling hardening in partial time period, starting 10 days before transplanting, carrying out sun-shading-free seedling hardening throughout the day, enabling the seedlings to adapt to light in advance, improving adaptability and laying a foundation for survival of subsequent field transplanting.
3. After field planting, before plants are not completely adapted to the field environment, a small-hole shed is arranged for each seedling to shade, so that the seedling growth stop caused by direct high-intensity light is avoided, and the condition of seedling supplement at the later stage is reduced. After new buds grow, the fulvic acid potassium is applied to stimulate the root system to grow, the stress resistance of the plants is enhanced, the fulvic acid potassium is quickly adapted to new environment, and the absorption of nutrition is accelerated. After the two new canopy shoots are pulled out, the sunshade net is gradually removed, and the seedlings are made to fully adapt to light.
4. The method of the invention can not only ensure that the transplanting survival rate of the milk fruit seedlings reaches more than 90 percent, but also ensure that the seedlings do not have obvious lag phase in growth, thereby greatly reducing the workload of repeated seedling supplement and achieving the purposes of cost reduction and efficiency improvement.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a wooden milk fruit seedling raising shed equipped with a sunshade net.
FIG. 2 shows the grafted seedlings of the Mourera caerulea with one and two popped tips extracted. The left is a grafting seedling with one fluffy tip, and the right is a grafting seedling with two fluffy tips.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of a root system of a nursery stock of a elaeagnus conferta roxb.
FIG. 4 is a diagram of the effect of the root penetration of the milk fruit in the seedling raising bags with different lengths. The left part is a seedling raising bag with the length of 20cm, and the right part is a seedling raising bag with the length of 30 cm.
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing the automatic degradation capability of different seedling raising bags after being placed for 2 years. The left side is a traditional non-woven fabric seedling raising bag, and the right side is a degradable seedling raising bag adopted by the invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a small-hole shed covered on a field of the elaeagnus conferta roxb after field planting.
FIG. 7 is a graph showing the growth effect of the method of the present invention and comparative example 2 after planting of Mourera fasciata seedlings for 4 months. The left is the seedlings for the same purpose as the comparative example 2, and the right is the seedlings for the same purpose as the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to specific examples, without limiting the scope of protection and the scope of application of the invention.
Example 1
A method for improving transplanting survival rate of elaeagnus conferta roxb seedlings comprises the following steps:
(1) Selecting a seedling raising bag: a non-woven cloth bag which is 20cm in diameter, 30cm in height and 0.2mm in thickness and can be spontaneously degraded within 2-3 years is selected as a seedling bag to carry out the seedling raising of the milk fruit seedlings. The seedlings were grown in a seedling-raising shed equipped with a sunshade net, as shown in FIG. 1. The seedlings can be grafted when growing to the height of 70cm and the ground diameter of about 0.8 cm. Selecting an aged branch (8-10 cm in length) which grows robustly and has plump bud eyes and is semi-lignified or lignified with the thickness of about 0.8cm from a healthy milk fruit tree as a scion for grafting, wherein a cutting method or a cleft grafting method is adopted, and conventional grafting operation and management are adopted for grafting, so that a grafted seedling can be obtained;
(2) Selecting nursery stock: selecting strong grafted seedlings growing in a seedling shed, wherein the scion is required to be pulled out more than two fluffy tips, the last fluffy tip is required to be pulled out for more than 45 days, and the grafted seedlings which are fully aged are selected to meet the requirements of outplanting and seedling selection, as shown in figure 2;
(3) Hardening seedlings: spraying a mixed solution of monopotassium phosphate with the concentration of 1g/L and brassinolide with the concentration of 0.2mg/L to the leaf surfaces every 7 to 10 days one month before transplanting seedlings, wherein the spraying standard is that the leaf surfaces are just watered. Starting 20 days before seedling transplanting, keeping shading in 11-00 periods of each day, and opening a shading net in the seedling shed in other periods of each day; and starting from 10 days before seedling transplanting, opening the sunshade net all day to allow the seedlings to adapt to light.
(4) Transplanting and field planting along with bags: when the seedlings are transplanted to a field, the seedling-raising bags do not need to be removed from the grafted seedlings, only a few knives need to be cut at the bag bottom and the bag wall, and then the grafted seedlings are fixedly planted in the planting pits together with the bags; the plant-row spacing for field planting of the milk berry grafted seedlings is 4m multiplied by 5m.
(5) Planting management:
(1) after field planting, pouring enough root fixing water, and then independently erecting a small-hole shed for shading each plant of the milk fruit seedlings, as shown in fig. 6. The height of the small hole shed is 80-100cm, and the shading rate is 70-80%.
(2) After about 5-7 days when the young seedlings of the milk fruits sprout, the roots of the young seedlings of the milk fruits are irrigated with about 3kg of potassium fulvate diluent with the concentration of 150mg/L, once every 25 days and 3 times continuously.
(3) After 2-3 months, the seedling is pulled out of a new tip, the sunshade net on the small-hole shed is firstly removed by a half, after 1 month, the seedling gradually adapts to the strong light (namely obvious sunburn does not appear on the leaf surface), the sunshade net can be completely removed, and the seedling is subjected to conventional management, as shown in figure 5.
Example 2
A method for improving transplanting survival rate of elaeagnus conferta roxb seedlings comprises the following steps:
(1) Selecting a seedling raising bag: a non-woven bag which is 20cm in diameter, 30cm in height and 0.2mm in thickness and can be spontaneously degraded within 2-3 years is selected as a seedling bag for seedling raising of the milk fruit seedlings. The seedling is carried out in a seedling shed with a sunshade net. The seedlings can be grafted when growing to the height of 80cm and the ground diameter of about 1.0 cm. Selecting healthy and strong aged branches (the length is 8-10 cm) which grow on the milk fruit mother tree and have plump bud eyes and are half lignified or lignified about 0.6-0.8cm thick as scions for grafting, adopting a cutting method or a cleft grafting method, and obtaining grafted seedlings by adopting conventional grafting operation and management for grafting;
(2) Selecting nursery stock: selecting strong grafted seedlings growing in a seedling shed, wherein the scion is required to be pulled out of more than two canopy tips, the last canopy tip is required to be pulled out for more than 45 days, and the grafted seedlings which are fully aged reach the requirements of outplanting and seedling selection, as shown in figure 2;
(3) Hardening seedlings: spraying a mixed solution of monopotassium phosphate with the concentration of 1g/L and brassinolide with the concentration of 0.2mg/L to the leaf surfaces every 7 to 10 days one month before transplanting seedlings, wherein the spraying standard is that the leaf surfaces are just watered. Starting 20 days before seedling transplanting, keeping shading in 11-00 periods of each day, and opening a shading net in the seedling shed in other periods of each day; and starting from 10 days before seedling transplanting, opening the sunshade net all day to allow the seedlings to adapt to light.
(4) Transplanting and field planting along with bags: when the seedlings are transplanted to a field, the seedling-raising bags do not need to be removed from the grafted seedlings, only a few knives need to be cut at the bag bottom and the bag wall, and then the grafted seedlings are fixedly planted in the planting pits together with the bags; the plant-row spacing of the milk apple grafted seedlings for field planting is 4m multiplied by 5m.
(5) Planting management:
(1) after field planting, pouring enough root fixing water, and then independently erecting a small-hole shed for shading each plant of the milk fruit seedlings. The height of the small hole shed is 80-100cm, and the shading rate is 70-80%.
(2) After about 5-7 days when the young seedlings of the milk fruits sprout, the roots of the young seedlings of the milk fruits are irrigated with about 5kg of fulvic acid potassium diluent with the concentration of 100mg/L, once every 20 days and 4 times continuously.
(3) After 2-3 months, the seedling is pulled out of a new tip, the sunshade net on the small-hole shed is firstly removed by a half, after 1 month, the seedling gradually adapts to the strong light (namely obvious sunburn does not appear on the leaf surface), the sunshade net can be completely removed, and the seedling is subjected to conventional management.
Example 3
A method for improving transplanting survival rate of elaeagnus conferta roxb seedlings comprises the following steps:
(1) Selecting a seedling raising bag: a non-woven cloth bag which is 20cm in diameter, 30cm in height and 0.2mm in thickness and can be spontaneously degraded within 2-3 years is selected as a seedling bag to carry out the seedling raising of the milk fruit seedlings. The seedling is carried out in a seedling shed with a sunshade net. The seedlings can be grafted when growing to the height of 70cm and the ground diameter of about 0.8 cm. The method comprises the steps of selecting semi-lignified or lignified mature branches (the length is 8-10 cm) which grow robustly and have plump bud eyes and are about 0.8cm thick on healthy milk fruit trees as scions for grafting, adopting a cutting method or a cleft grafting method, and obtaining grafted seedlings by adopting conventional grafting operation and management in the grafting process.
(2) Selecting nursery stock: and selecting the grafted seedling which grows strongly in the seedling shed, wherein the scion is required to be pulled out more than two fluffy tips, the last fluffy tip is required to be pulled out for more than 50 days, and the grafted seedling is fully aged so as to meet the requirements of seedling selection after outplanting.
(3) Seedling hardening: spraying a mixed solution of monopotassium phosphate with the concentration of 1g/L and brassinolide with the concentration of 0.2mg/L to the leaf surface every 10 days one month before transplanting seedlings, wherein the spraying standard is that the leaf surface just drips. Starting 20 days before seedling transplanting, keeping shading in 11-00 periods of each day, and opening a shading net in the seedling shed in other periods of each day; and starting from 10 days before seedling transplanting, opening the sunshade net all day to allow the seedlings to adapt to light.
(4) Transplanting along with bags and field planting: when the seedlings are transplanted to a field, the seedling-raising bags do not need to be removed from the grafted seedlings, only a few knives need to be cut at the bag bottom and the bag wall, and then the grafted seedlings are fixedly planted in the planting pits together with the bags; the plant-row spacing for field planting of the milk berry grafted seedlings is 4m multiplied by 5m.
(5) Planting management:
(1) after field planting, pouring enough root fixing water, and then independently erecting a small-hole shed for shading each plant of the milk fruit seedlings. The height of the small hole shed is 80-100cm, and the shading rate is 70-80%.
(2) After about 5-7 days when the young seedlings of the milk fruits sprout, the roots of the young seedlings of the milk fruits are irrigated with about 4kg of fulvic acid potassium diluent with the concentration of 120mg/L, once every 25 days and 3 times continuously.
(3) After 2-3 months, the seedling is taken out a new tip, the sunshade net on the small-hole shed is firstly removed by a half, after 1 month, the seedling gradually adapts to the strong light (namely obvious sunburn does not appear on the leaf surface), the sunshade net can be completely removed, and the seedling is subjected to conventional management.
Comparative example 1
The difference between the comparative example 1 and the example 1 is that the comparative example 1 adopts a common plastic seedling raising bag, and the seedling raising bag is removed for planting before the field planting.
Comparative example 2
Comparative example 2 the difference of the example 1 is that the non-woven fabric seedling raising bag with the common specification is adopted in the comparative example 2, and the seedling raising bag is removed before the transplanting in a field and the field planting; in the seedling hardening process, monopotassium phosphate and brassinolide are not sprayed once.
Blank group
The blank group is different from the embodiment 1 in that a common non-woven fabric seedling raising bag is adopted, and the seedling raising bag is removed before the transplanting and field planting; in the seedling hardening process, monopotassium phosphate and brassinolide are not sprayed; after transplanting the field, the root is not irrigated by potassium fulvate, and a small-hole shed is not separately covered.
In the invention, the experiments of the examples 1-3, the comparative examples 1-2 and the blank group are carried out by adopting 50 elaeagnus conferta roxb seedlings with equivalent growth vigor, and after the field planting is carried out for 4 months, the data are counted and summarized in the following table 1.
TABLE 1 transplanting survival of Lonicera japonica
From table 1 and fig. 2-7 it can be seen that:
(1) Compared with the method for transplanting the elaeagnus conferta roxb seedlings in the comparative example 1, the method for transplanting the elaeagnus conferta roxb seedlings in the embodiment 1 has the advantages that the survival rate of the elaeagnus conferta roxb is high, the seedling revival period is avoided, and the seedling hardening-off phenomenon is avoided. The longer and thinner non-woven fabric seedling raising bags are adopted to fix with the bags in the seedling transplanting process, so that the loosening of soil lumps is avoided, and the higher survival rate can be maintained. As the elaeagnus conferta roxb seedlings belong to seedlings of long root systems, the root systems are usually about 25-30cm, as shown in figure 3. Therefore, the conventional plastic seedling raising bag or the 20cm non-woven fabric seedling raising bag is easy to be penetrated by roots, as shown in fig. 4. In FIG. 4, the left side is a 20cm seedling raising bag and the right side is a 30cm seedling raising bag. As can be seen from FIG. 4, the root-piercing condition and probability of the seedling-raising bag in the method of the present invention are significantly reduced.
(2) Compared with the comparative example 2 in which no foliar fertilizer is sprayed during seedling hardening and the seedling raising bags are removed before planting, the elaeagnus conferta roxb in the embodiment 1 of the invention has the advantages of high survival rate, large and thick leaves, dark green leaves, rapid growth, no seedling revival period and no seedling stiffness. The method can ensure higher survival rate by planting along with bags, and meanwhile, the spraying of the monopotassium phosphate and the brassinolide in the seedling hardening process can effectively promote the development of root systems and thick leaves of the nursery stocks of the milk fruits and improve the quality and stress resistance of the nursery stocks. Meanwhile, as can be seen from the comparison of FIG. 7, the left is the seedlings planted in comparative example 2, and the right is the seedlings planted in the present invention. Although the small arched shed is adopted for shading, the nutrient solution is not sprayed in the seedling hardening process in the comparative example 2, so that the root system is not strong enough, the tree vigor is not strong enough, and the condition of seedling decline still occurs after the seedling is transplanted to a field.
(3) Compared with the blank group in which the plant milk fruits are not sprayed with foliar fertilizer, picked up and planted, and not irrigated with roots or covered with small hole sheds, the plant milk fruits in the embodiment 1 of the invention have high survival rate, large and thick leaves, dark green leaves, rapid growth, no seedling revival period and no seedling stiffness. The method is characterized in that monopotassium phosphate and brassinolide are sprayed, the seedlings are planted along with bags, the roots of the seedlings are irrigated by potassium fulvate, and a small-hole shed is covered, so that the tree vigor of the seedlings is integrally improved, the seedlings can quickly recover from growth after being transplanted, the survival rate of the transplanting is greatly improved, the workload of repeated seedling supplement is reduced, and the purposes of cost reduction and efficiency improvement are achieved.
(4) FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the automatic degradation capability of different seedling bags, which is the situation after 2 years. The left side is the traditional non-woven fabric seedling raising bag without any damage and degradation; the right part is the degradable seedling raising bag adopted by the invention, and the degradable seedling raising bag has damaged and degraded conditions.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and the like that are within the spirit and principle of the present invention are included in the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A method for improving transplanting survival rate of elaeagnus conferta roxb seedlings is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) Seedling raising with a seedling bag: selecting a seedling bag with a long length and capable of being automatically degraded to carry out seedling raising of the seedlings of the milk fruit, and grafting when the height of the seedlings is 60-70cm and the ground diameter is 0.6-0.8 cm; selecting semi-lignified or lignified mature branches with robust growth, full bud eyes and thickness of 0.6-0.8cm on a healthy mother tree as scions for grafting to obtain grafted seedlings;
(2) Selecting nursery stock: selecting strong grafted seedlings, wherein the scion is required to be pulled out more than two fluffy tips, the last fluffy tip is required to be pulled out for more than 45 days, and the grafted seedlings are fully aged to meet the requirements of outplanting and seedling selection;
(3) Seedling hardening: spraying a mixed solution of monopotassium phosphate and brassinolide to the leaf surface every 7-10 days one month before transplanting seedlings; starting 20 days before seedling transplanting, keeping shading in 11-00 periods of each day, and opening a shading net in the seedling shed in other periods of each day; starting from 10 days before seedling transplantation, opening a sunshade net all day to enable the seedlings to adapt to light;
(4) Transplanting along with bags and field planting: when the seedlings are transplanted to a field, the seedling bags do not need to be removed from the grafted seedlings, only a plurality of knives need to be cut at the bag bottoms and the bag walls, and then the grafted seedlings are fixedly planted in the planting pits together with the bags;
(5) Planting management:
(1) after field planting, pouring enough root fixing water, and then independently erecting a small-hole shed for shading each plant of the milk fruit seedlings;
(2) after the young seedlings of the Elaeagnus umbellata are provided with new buds after 5-7 days, beginning to irrigate roots with 3-5kg of fulvic acid potassium diluent once every 20-25 days for 3-4 times continuously;
(3) after 2-3 months, the seedling is pulled out of a new tip, the sunshade net on the small-hole shed is firstly removed by a half, after 1 month, the seedling gradually adapts to the strong light, obvious sunburn does not appear on the leaf surface, and the sunshade net can be completely removed, so that the seedling can be managed conventionally.
2. The method for improving transplanting survival rate of elaeagnus conferta roxb seedlings according to claim 1, wherein in the step (1), the seedling raising bags are made of a non-woven bag which is spontaneously degradable within 2-3 years, has a diameter of 20cm, a height of 30cm and a thickness of 0.2 mm.
3. The method for improving the transplanting survival rate of the elaeagnus conferta roxb seedlings according to claim 1, wherein in the step (3), the concentration of the potassium dihydrogen phosphate in the mixed solution is 1g/L, and the concentration of the brassinolide is 0.2mg/L; the spraying standard is that the leaves are just watered.
4. The method for improving the transplanting survival rate of the elaeagnus conferta roxb seedlings according to claim 1, wherein in the step (4), the planting row spacing is 4m x 5m.
5. The method for improving transplanting survival rate of elaeagnus conferta roxb seedlings according to claim 1, wherein in the step (5), the concentration of the potassium fulvate is 100-150mg/L.
6. The method for improving the transplanting survival rate of the elaeagnus conferta roxb seedlings according to claim 1, wherein in the step (5), the height of the small hole shed is 80-100cm, and the shading rate is 70% -80%.
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