JP2000135025A - Transplantation and culture of higher part-branched stem seedling of cane - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To enable a sure automatic transplantation of canes into a main field using a transplanting machine for exclusive use and contriving a high harvest of >=95% rooting by sufficiently extending main roots and branched roots, executing acclimation and leaf pruning, concentrically growing many higher part-branched stems on a mother stem of cane and efficiently collecting the stems. SOLUTION: A higher part-branched stems lump in which many higher part-branched stems are centrically grown in crowds on a node of a mother stem (a) of cane is formed by repeatedly pruning an upper side stem containing a growing point of a terminal bud and the higher part-branched stem is separated to each piece having a bud base and a root base tissue part, then collected higher-part branched stems having same leaf number with each other are inserted into non-fertilized culture soil housed in collected seedlings growing tools, which are placed in a seedling growing house at an interval. Then the main root and the branched roots are sufficiently extended by fertilizing after the rooting, and the acclimation before transplanting to a main field is executed and seedling heights are adjusted by leaf prunning, and then automatic transplantations of cane with a desired inter-stock spacing by an exclusive transplanter is performed.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for transplanting and cultivating higher shoots of sugar cane.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as cultivation of sugar cane, (a) a method of cultivating a sprouts by germinating a remaining stub after cutting mature stalks, and (b) cutting mature stalks at every upper and lower nodes. The so-called two-node seedlings obtained by the above method are newly planted at each stage (spring-April, summer-August-November), and germinated there. Recently (c)
A side bud growth stem of a required length obtained by continuously causing a germination phenomenon in which the side buds germinate by removing the top head, that is, from the tenth section of the side buds that have grown until the required number of developed leaves has been obtained A cultivation method that can be called a side-branch seedling transplant cultivation method in which side bud growth stems of a required length obtained by repeatedly removing the upper part of the head, which is obtained by repeatedly removing the head, is used as a base seedling (side-branch). Kaihei 8-28
No. 0244.

[0003]

The cultivation method according to (a), in which the same stump is used for several years and germination, growth and cutting are repeated, the germination rate deteriorates over the years, and Aging, disease weakening, yield and sugar content are reduced.

The method of cultivating a two-node seedling new plant in (b) requires a great deal of labor not only for collecting the two-node seedlings, that is, for producing the seedlings, but also for planting itself. Is usually 50 due to the maturity level, weather conditions or soil conditions.
６０60%, and even seedlings that have germinated and grown once may die. Further, the sugarcane growing farmer must provide at least 10% of the harvest amount for each season to the collection of two-node seedlings for the next season, but the yield is substantially reduced by that amount.

[0005] The method of transplanting and cultivating the side branch seedling of (c) comprises the steps of (a)
It is recognized that the above-mentioned disadvantages of the cultivation method (b) are almost eliminated. However, in the cultivation method of (c), since the cutting of the top part of the side bud that has grown above the tenth node and the like of the side bud that has grown until the number of developed leaves reaches the required number is repeatedly performed, the desired side bud growth stem Are sequentially branched and expanded to increase the number thereof and become radially dispersed with respect to the mother stem. Therefore, it takes time to collect it. In addition, specific conditions for raising seedlings and planting are not always clear from the description of Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 8-280244.

The method for transplanting and growing higher order shoots of the present invention can be said to correspond to the improvement of the method for transplanting and growing side branches and seedlings described in (c) above. That is, in the method of transplanting and cultivating higher shoots of the present invention, a large number of higher shoots are intensively clustered at the nodes of stalks (mothers), thereby making it difficult to collect higher shoots. So that it can be done efficiently without hanging
When raising seedlings in a seedling raising house, insert and plant the higher-order shoots with the same number of leaves in the collective seedling device, and arrange the collective seedling devices that contain the higher-order shoots with the same number of leaves at the required intervals. At the beginning, by performing management that encourages rooting by not intentionally applying fertilization, higher-order shoots having uniform seedling lengths and extending a large number of branch roots necessary for survival (see the above-mentioned Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 8- No. 280244), and the higher branch shoots are taken out of the nursery house and allowed to acclimate before transplanting to the main field, that is, By adapting to environmental changes, it is ensured that it survives in the main field, and the seedling height is adjusted by, for example, cutting the leaves to approximately 25 to 35 cm, and the automatic transplanting operation to the main field by the dedicated transplanter can be performed smoothly. So, further, on By transplanting only the higher-order shoots excluding those that have almost no first developed leaves by performing the shearing treatment as described above, 95% or more of the seedlings can be surely activated and high yields can be expected. Is what you do.

[0007]

Means for Solving the Problems A method for transplanting and cultivating higher-order shoots of sugar cane comprises the following components. (1) After cultivating a sugar cane to be used as a mother stem, when the sugar cane reaches a required stem length, the upper stem including the apical bud growth point is cut off, and the remaining lower stem leaves are removed to remove the mother stem a. I do. (2) The primary axillary bud 3 germinating on the mother stem a is grown into a primary branch b, and the upper primary stem b ′ including the apical growth point is cut off, and the primary branch base b ″ is added to the mother stem a. (3) Secondary axillary buds germinating at the base of the primary shoots b ″ are grown on secondary shoots c, and the upper shoots c ′ of the secondary shoots including the apical buds are cut off. The secondary shoot base c "remains on the shoot base b". (4) By growing tertiary axillary buds that germinate on the secondary tiller base c ″ on the tertiary tiller d, or, if necessary, growing the fourth tiller in the same manner, Then, tertiary shoots d or higher shoots, which are quaternary shoots, are concentrated to form a higher shoot mass e. (5) After cutting the entire higher shoot mass e from the mother shoot a, Each higher-order shoot is cut off with the bud base and the root tissue portion attached to the base of the higher-order shoot. (7) Fill each holding part of the collective seedling apparatus having a large number of storage parts with soil without fertilizer (8) Use the same single seedling raising equipment. A collective seedling raising device in which one higher branch with the same number of leaves is inserted and planted in each container, and the higher branch with the same number of leaves is inserted and planted. Each of the grouped seedling raising devices is arranged in the seedling raising house g at a required interval, and (9) necessary fertilization is applied after the above-planted higher-order shoots have rooted. The roots are obtained by growing a large number of branch roots 14 on the main root 13 and growing into higher-order shoots h, which form so-called root pots with soil attached to the roots. Is taken out of the seedling raising house g to acclimate the higher-order shoots, and the leaves are cut so that the seedlings are almost uniform in length. Continuously plant between required plants.

[0008] As the above-mentioned collective seedling raising device, (a) a device in which a large number of storage portions are formed by a large number of paper cylinders and each of the storage portions can be separated (Japanese sugar beet sugar) (Registered trademark "Paper Pot"), (b) a large number of storage portions are integrally molded from paper pulp or synthetic resin, and each of the storage portions can be separated. thing,
(C) There is a configuration in which a large number of storage sections are integrally formed of paper pulp or synthetic resin, and each of the storage sections cannot be separated. For actual use, select from these appropriately. Can be adopted.

[0009] The planting by the dedicated transplanter may be performed by separating each accommodating portion accommodating the higher branch shoots into individual ones, and performing the higher branch shoots separately for each accommodating portion. Without separating the above-mentioned respective accommodating portions into individual ones, each higher-order shoot and shoot is extracted from each of the accommodating portions as a soiled seedling forming a so-called root pot with soil attached to the root portion, and the extracted higher-order branch You can plant stems and seedlings. In this case, if the plant is planted with the upper part of the accommodation part or the root pot being exposed at about 2 cm, branching from the part of the stem close to the root, that is, tillering (bunketsu) increases, and the yield can be further increased. it can.

It is most preferable to plant two-node seedlings obtained from mature stalks as sugar cane for use as the mother stem a. Further, when the stalks have grown to about 300 cm, the upper stalk is cut off and the lower stalk is used as the mother stalk a. It is suitable for growing and collecting higher order shoots h. In this case, if stalks are cut at a stem length of 120 cm,
Based on the average height of the worker, it is suitable for performing various subsequent operations.

When the primary shoots b growing from the primary axillary buds 3 of the mother stem a are grown until the number of developed leaves becomes at least 7, the primary shoot upper buds containing the apical bud growth points are removed. By excision and leaving the primary branch stem base b ″ on the mother stem a, secondary axillary buds can be efficiently germinated on the primary branch stem base b ″ and grown on the secondary branch stem c.

When the secondary shoots c are grown until the number of developed leaves reaches 5 or 6, the secondary shoot upper stem c 'including the apical growth point is cut off, and the primary shoots are removed. The secondary branch shoot c is left at the base b ″, and the tertiary branch shoot d that grows from the tertiary axillary bud of the secondary shoot base c ″ is grown until the number of developed leaves is five. , The upper stem of the tertiary shoot including its apical bud growth point is excised, and the tertiary shoot base is left at the above-mentioned secondary shoot base c ″ or, if necessary, in the same manner as the quaternary shoot. By growing the shoots, the primary shoots b and the tertiary shoots d and the higher shoots, which are the quaternary shoots, are placed on the primary shoots b "remaining in the mother shoots a, and the higher shoots e. Can be intensively clustered to form

The higher-order shoots are cut at 15 to 20 cm in height, and the higher-order shoots are cut to a depth of about 3 cm. By arranging in a nursery house, sufficient sunshine and ventilation required for rooting can be obtained.

[0014] The temperature in the nursery house is maintained at 25 to 30 ° C, and watering is carried out as appropriate to insert the higher shoots into the higher shoots 4 to 7 days after planting in the spring and the same in summer. Rooting 3-5 days after planting, cutting in spring 1
After day 0, and after 7 days of planting in the summer, watering is performed so that the leaves do not wither, and after rooting, necessary fertilization is carried out once a week. It is preferable to grow higher shoots h with the roots 14 elongated.

The acclimation of the higher shoots h is carried out by transplanting
Performed one week before, and the shearing is performed so that the seedling height is approximately 25 to 35 cm three days before transplantation to the main field, and the seedlings grow to a height such that the first developed leaves hardly disappear by the shearing leaves. Regarding the closed higher-order shoots, if the single collective seedling-growing device containing the same is removed without cutting, the transplantation of the higher-order shoots h by the dedicated transplanter can be performed smoothly. , They survive well in this field and contribute to the improvement of yield.

[0016]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Hereinafter, an embodiment of the method for transplanting and cultivating higher shoots and seedlings of the present invention will be described in detail.

[Cultivation of cane sugar used as a mother stalk] A two-node seedling 1 obtained by cutting a mature stalk into two upper and lower nodes is placed in a furrow 2 formed with a furrow width of about 140 cm and a depth of about 25 cm. The seedlings were laid horizontally with about 50 cm intervals (Fig. 1) and covered with the required soil cover.
Cultivate for about 7 months until it grows to 00 cm (Fig. 2).

The stalks having a stem length of about 300 cm are cut, for example, at a stem length of about 120 cm in consideration of the height of the worker and the like so that the subsequent work can be easily performed. The upper part, leaving until
That is, about 180 cm of the upper stem including the apical bud growth point of sugar cane is cut off. And while disinfecting the cut part,
A so-called striping treatment is performed to remove the settled leaves. In this way, a mother stem a is obtained in which the occurrence of pests is prevented and each node is sufficiently irradiated with sunlight (FIG. 3).

[Growth of primary and secondary shoots]
5 days after the above-mentioned upper stem excision and leafing treatment, usually 2 to 6 axils are germinated on average, 5 days after the apical bud growth point is removed and the apical bud dominance is broken. . In this example, a case where five primary axillary buds 3 germinated in each of the fourth, sixth, eighth, tenth, and twelfth nodes was shown (FIG. 4).

When the primary axillary buds 3 of the above nodes have grown from the 8th to 14th bracts until the first to seventh developed leaves 4 to 10 elongate, that is, to the primary branch b having at least 7 developed leaves When grown (FIG. 5), the primary shoot b is cut at the fifth node and at the midpoint of the overlapping portion of the fourth and fifth bracts, and the top bud located at the overlapping portion The upper part of the primary shoots b 'including the growing point is cut off, so that only the primary branch shoot base b "consisting of the first to fifth nodes is formed on the primary axillary bud 3 of each node of the mother stem a. It is left (FIG. 6).

When the number of developed leaves of the primary shoots b is still about seven, the respective nodes such as the sixth, seventh, eighth, etc. from the sixth paragraph onward are still concentrically contained in the fifth paragraph, In other words, they are located in concentric rings like annual rings. Incidentally, the top bud growth point of the primary shoot b is present in the fifth node, but cannot be visually judged from the outside since it is covered with bud bracts. However, empirical rules have confirmed that cutting off the apical growth point by cutting at the midpoint between the overlapping portions of the fourth and fifth bracts is possible. In general, in the shoots of sugar cane, the sprouts and roots are present for the first time in the sections from section 5 onward.

By the resection of the upper stem b 'of the primary branch, each of the sixth, seventh, eighth,... Nodes is extended between the nodes (FIG. 7), and one of each of the fifth to eighth nodes is provided. A total of four secondary axillary buds will germinate. When the secondary axillary bud of each node elongates to 5 to 6 developed leaves and grows on the secondary branch c in the same manner as in the case of the primary axillary bud 3, the secondary branch is obtained. Stem c
Is cut at an intermediate point of the fifth node portion and the overlapping portion of the fourth bud and the fifth bract, and the secondary shoot upper stem c ′ including the top bud growth point located at the overlapping portion is removed. By resection, the primary axillary b.
The secondary shoot base c ″ consisting of the first to fifth nodes is left (FIG. 9).

[Growth of tertiary shoots] The secondary shoot base c ″
..., by excision of the secondary shoot upper stem c 'including the apical bud growth point, each of the sixth, seventh, eighth... A total of two tertiary axillary buds germinate. The tertiary axillary buds of each node are grown in the same manner as the primary axillary buds 3 or the secondary axillary buds until the number of developed leaves reaches a maximum of five and grown on the tertiary shoots d. As described above, the tertiary branch d is 5 × 4 × 2 in one mother stem a in the present example.
= 40 grow and they are the 5th
Sections 6, 8, 10, and 12, more specifically, eight tertiary shoots d via primary shoot bases c "to primary shoot bases b" growing on each section. Become concentrated clusters (FIG. 10).

[Sampling of Tertiary Branches] In this example, the above-mentioned tertiary stems d are used as the target higher-order shoots, which are collected. By cutting the stem a at the set portion of each node, the entire higher shoot mass e having eight tertiary shoots d is separated from the mother shoot a (FIG. 11). If e is a low temperature of about 8 ° C., it is 10% before planting in a collective seedling raising device described later.
In this example, eight tertiary shoots d were individually cut from the higher shoot mass e after storage at a low temperature. In cutting off the tertiary shoots d, for example, after splitting the secondary shoot base c ″ on which the two tertiary shoots d are formed (FIG. 12),
The bud and root tissue portions 11 present in the nodes of the secondary tiller base c ″ (sections 5 and thereafter) are attached to the tertiary tiller base d ″ side of the tertiary tiller d to be cut off, It is important to separate (Fig. 13). From the above, the higher pedicles, which are the desired tertiary pedicles d, from one mother stalk a were 5 × 4 × 2.
That is, 40 books can be collected.

In some cases, 5 × 6 × 4, ie, 120, tertiary branch stems d can be collected from one mother stem. In this example, 5 × 4 × 2, ie, 40, can be collected. It can be said to be average. Further, in order to increase the number of higher branch shoots collected from one mother stem, a fourth branch shoot is grown and collected in the same manner as the above-described growth to the third branch d in the present example. In that case, 5 × 4 × 2 × 2
80 or 5 × 6 × 4 × 2 or 240 can be collected.

[Tertiary branch shoots and cutting treatment as pre-seedling management] Tertiary shoots d, which is a large amount of higher shoots collected from a large number of mother shoots in accordance with the above-described procedures, have survived by transplanting to this field. The seedlings are grown in higher branch shoots where the roots necessary for self-sustained growth are elongated.
For each of the same number of leaves, ie, 1 leaf, 2 leaves, 3 leaves, 4
The leaves and the five leaves are classified in advance. this is,
In the subsequent raising of seedlings, when trying to raise seedlings in the same single collective raising equipment with different numbers of leaves, the rooting is significantly delayed due to shade and insufficient photosynthesis due to the low number of leaves. This is to avoid dying.

Next, each of the tertiary branches d divided as described above
Is cut at a stem length of 15 to 20 cm (FIG. 1).
4). This is to prevent the leaves from interfering with the aeration during the raising of seedlings and to promote early rooting.
Therefore, this cutting treatment, especially for those having a large number of leaves, is essential.

[Nurture] Higher order shoots, which are tertiary shoots d collected from the mother shoots, are rooted on the higher order shoots, and the higher order shoots with roots necessary for growing and growing in this field as described above are extended. In order to make the stems and seedlings, the inventors conducted experiments using various collective seedling raising devices. As a result, among the above three types of collective seedling raising equipment, a large number of storage portions are formed by a large number of paper cylinders, and each of the storage portions can be separated (Japanese sugar beet sugar). Co., Ltd., registered trademark “Paper Pot”), and one of them has a diameter of 3c.
It has been found that a collective seedling raising device f in which a total of 264 pieces are arranged in a honeycomb array with 12 pieces of paper cylinders 12 having a height of 10 cm and a length of 12 pieces in a column and 22 pieces in a row is optimal for the seedling raising of this example. .

Therefore, each paper cylinder 1 of the collective seedling raising device f
2 is filled with soil without fertilizer, that is, soil without fertilizer.
Was planted at a depth of about 3 cm (FIG. 15). In this case, one collective seedling raising device f has tertiary shoots d having the same number of leaves.
Was inserted and planted so that those with different numbers of leaves were not mixed. Also, regarding the arrangement of the group-raising equipment f in the nursery house g, the group-raising apparatuses f in which the tertiary branch shoots d having the same number of leaves are inserted and planted are grouped, and furthermore, the intervals between the group-raising equipment f are set. They were arranged at least about 15 cm (FIG. 16).

The temperature in the seedling raising house g is maintained at 25 to 30 ° C. to avoid a rapid temperature change, and watering is performed immediately after the arrangement of the collective seedling raising equipment f in the seedling raising house is completed. The day was sufficiently performed day and night, and from the second day, the operation was performed every hour for about 10 minutes only in the daytime, and nighttime irrigation was not performed. Thus, the tertiary shoots d rooted 4 to 7 days after the planting in the spring and 3 to 5 days after the planting in the summer. After 10 days of planting in spring and 7 days after planting in summer,
Watering was enough to prevent the leaves from withering.

As described above, rooting is relatively fast because rooting is promoted because fertilizer is not mixed into the soil and fertilization after planting is not performed. After rooting, the required fertilization once a week further promoted the subsequent elongation of the roots.

4 weeks in spring and 3 in summer
In the seedling raising period of a week, the above-mentioned tertiary branch shoot d has one leaf having four leaves, two leaves having four to five leaves, and three leaves having three leaves. 5 to 6 leaves, 4 leaves have 5 to 6 leaves, and 5 leaves have 6 leaves.
７7 leaves, and all of them grew into higher-order shoots h which formed so-called root pots with soil attached to the roots where a large number of branch roots 14 were extended from the main root 13 (FIG. 17).

[Transplantation] When transplanting to this field, about one week before the transplantation (thus, in the spring, 3
Week, the same two weeks have passed in the summer), the collective seedling raising device f is taken out of the seedling raising house g, and the higher order shoots h are acclimated,
That is, the higher branch shoots h are adapted to environmental changes. This makes it easy and reliable for each seedling to take root in the main field.

Further, three days before transplantation to the main field, the seedlings were trimmed so that the seedling length became approximately 25 to 35 cm (FIG. 1).
8) Thus, preparation is made so that the automatic transplanting operation to the main field by the dedicated transplanter can be smoothly performed. However, when the seedling length is cut to about 25 to 35 cm as described above, the higher-order shoots h that have grown to a height at which the first developed leaves hardly exist will survive even when transplanted to this field. As such, the higher-order shoots h are not cut off, but are removed as a single collective seedling raising device f including the same, and are prepared for use as seedlings for supplemental planting as they are.

The dedicated transplanter is of a tractor traction type, and is equipped with a seedling separation mechanism, an individual seedling separation mechanism, a seedling planting mechanism, a groove forming mechanism, and the like, which are automatically driven as the vehicle runs. Transplanting is performed by the above-described seedling separation mechanism.
Of paper cylinders 12 are collectively separated in units of rows, that is, every 22 rows, separated individually by a seedling separation mechanism, and sent to a seedling planting mechanism.
Pre-excavation groove width 75-80cm at 40-150cm,
At the bottom of the furrow 15 having a depth of about 25 cm, the higher branch shoots h together with the above-mentioned paper cylinder 12 are continuously provided at a required interval, and with the upper part of the paper cylinder 12 being exposed at about 2 cm. This was done by planting (FIG. 19).

The survival rate of the higher branch shoots h transplanted in this manner was 95% or more. This is a remarkable progress compared to the conventional germination rate of the two-node seedling cultivation method, which is usually only 50 to 60% due to the maturity of stalks, weather conditions or soil conditions. It is clear that it can contribute to the improvement of the yield.

Further, as described above, the upper part of the
cm, which is exposed without being embedded in the soil, and because the planting depth is constant, branching from the part of the stem close to the root, that is, tillering, In comparison with the conventional cultivation method, the amount was increased by about 10%, which further contributed to the improvement of the yield.

[0038]

As is apparent from the above description,
According to the present invention, the following effects can be obtained. (A) A large number of higher order shoots are intensively clustered at the nodes of the stalk (mother), so that the higher order shoots can be efficiently collected without much trouble. (B) In raising seedlings in the seedling raising house, the seedlings are inserted and planted separately in the higher-order shoots having the same number of leaves, and the required interval between the collective seedlings that accommodates the higher-order shoots having the same number of leaves is maintained. Since the plant is installed with a gap and is initially managed not to fertilize it so as to promote rooting, it is necessary to obtain higher shoots that have almost the same seedling length and have a large number of branch roots necessary for survival. Can be. (C) Since the higher-order shoots are taken out of the nursery house before transplanting to the main field and are acclimated, that is, adapted to environmental changes, each seedling is surely settled and grown in the main field. (D) Since the seedling height is adjusted by, for example, shearing leaves so as to be approximately 25 to 35 cm, automatic transplantation to the main field by the dedicated transplanter can be performed smoothly. (E) By performing the above-described shearing treatment, only higher-order shoots excluding those that almost lose the first developed leaves are transplanted, so that 95% or more can be energized and a high yield can be expected.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing a state in which two knots are planted in order to grow sugar cane used as a mother stem.

FIG. 2 is a front view of a cane grown to a degree that can be used as a mother stem.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of a mother stem obtained by cutting off a required length of an upper stem including a shoot bud growth point of the above sugarcane, leaving up to the 12th node, and performing leafing treatment.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing a state in which a total of five primary branch shoots are growing at nodes 4, 6, 8, 10, and 12 of the same mother stem.

[FIG. 5] The primary shoots of the above have their apical bud growth points located at the nodal point and at the overlapping portion of the fourth and fifth bracts, and the number of developed leaves is 7 to 8 It is explanatory drawing of the state which has grown to the point.

FIG. 6: The primary shoots are cut at the midpoint of the overlapping portion of the fourth bud and the fifth bract, and the upper shoots of the primary shoots including the apical buds are cut off. FIG. 4 is an explanatory view showing a state where only the main stem is left in the mother stem.

FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram showing a state in which nodes 6 to 8 which are nodes subsequent to node 5 of the primary shoot base of the above are extended.

FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing a state in which a total of four secondary shoots are growing on each of the fifth to eighth nodes of the primary shoot base of the above.

FIG. 9 shows the secondary shoots that have grown to the point where the number of developed leaves reaches 5 or 6 leaves, as in the case of the primary shoots, at the midpoint of the overlapping portion of the fourth bud and the fifth bud. FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing a state in which the upper stem of the secondary shoot including the apical growth point is cut off, and only the base of the secondary shoot is left at the base of the primary shoot.

FIG. 10 shows a state in which a total of eight tertiary tillers, each having a maximum of five developed leaves, are grown at nodes 6 and 7 at the base of the four secondary tillers of the above. FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing a state in which a higher branch shoot mass is formed on a mother stem on which the primary shoot base has been established.

FIG. 11 is a perspective view of the higher branch shoot mass separated from the mother stem.

FIG. 12 is an explanatory view showing a state where the higher-order shoots are cut into individual tertiary shoots (ie, higher-order shoots).

FIG. 13 is a front view of a cut tertiary shoot, wherein (1) shows a tertiary shoot with four leaves, and (2) shows a tertiary shoot with five leaves.

FIG. 14 is a front view of a tertiary branch shoot cut to a height of 15 to 20 cm, (1) showing a tertiary shoot with four leaves, and (2) showing a tertiary shoot with five leaves.

FIG. 15 is an explanatory diagram showing a state in which a four-leaf tertiary tiller is inserted and planted in a collective seedling raising device.

FIG. 16 is an explanatory diagram of an arrangement state of a collective seedling raising device in which a tertiary branch is inserted and planted in a seedling raising house.

FIG. 17 is an explanatory diagram showing a rooting state of a higher branch shoot that has grown to a transplantable state.

FIG. 18 is an explanatory diagram of a higher-order shoot shoot showing a state in which predetermined shearing treatment has been performed in a state of being planted in a collective seedling raising instrument immediately before transplantation.

FIG. 19 is an explanatory diagram showing a state of transplanting higher-order shoots to a main field.

[Explanation of symbols]

a Mother stem b Primary twig b 'Primary tiller upper stem b "Primary tiller base c Secondary tiller c' Secondary tiller upper stem c" Secondary tiller base d Tertiary tiller d "Tertiary tiller base e Higher shoot mass f. Collective seedling raising device (registered trademark "Paper Pot", manufactured by Nippon Sugar Beet Sugar Co., Ltd.) in which many paper cylinders that can be separated from each other are arranged in a honeycomb arrangement. Nodal seedling 2 furrow 3 primary axillary bud 4 1st developed leaf 5 2nd developed leaf 6 3rd developed leaf 7 4th developed leaf 8 5th developed leaf 9 6th developed leaf 10 7th developed leaf 11 bud and root tissue part 12 Paper cylinder 13 Main root 14 Branch root

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuing on the front page (72) Inventor Masahiro Endo 3-3-12, Sachimachi, Takikawa-shi, Hokkaido Circle Iron Works Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Toshio Yanase 2-3-13 Kyobashi, Chuo-ku, Tokyo Japan F-term in Sugar Beet Sugar Co., Ltd. (reference) 2B022 AA01 AB13 DA19

Claims (14)

[Claims] (1) cultivating sugar cane to be used as a mother stem;
When the required stem length is reached, the upper stem including the apical bud growth point is cut off and the remaining lower stem leaves are removed to obtain a mother stem. (2) Primary axillary buds that germinate on the mother stem Growing the primary shoots, cutting off the upper shoots of the primary shoots including the apical buds, leaving the bases of the primary shoots on the mother shoots,
(3) Secondary axillary buds that germinate at the base of the primary shoot are grown into secondary shoots, the upper shoot of the secondary shoot including the apex growth point is excised, and the secondary shoot at the base of the primary shoot is removed. (4) by growing tertiary axillary buds that germinate at the base of the secondary shoot on the tertiary shoot, or, if necessary,
In the same manner, by growing quaternary shoots, tertiary shoots or higher shoots, which are quaternary shoots, are concentrated on the mother shoots to form a higher shoot shoot mass. (C) cutting off the higher-order shoots with the bud and root tissue portions attached to the base of the higher-order shoots after cutting the entire next shoot mass from the mother stem; Divide the shoots with the same number of leaves and cut the leaves at the required stem length. (7) Fertilizer-free soil cultivation in each storage part of the collective seedling raising device formed with a large number of storage parts Filling the
(8) One higher-order shoot with the same number of leaves is inserted and planted in each of the accommodating parts of the same single seedling-growing device, and the group-growing seedling devices into which the higher-order shoots with the same number of leaves are inserted and planted are grouped. In addition, each of the collective seedling raising instruments is arranged in the seedling growing house at a required interval, and (9) after the above cut and planted higher shoots have rooted, necessary fertilization is performed to obtain the main root. (10) growing higher branch shoots in the form of so-called root pots with soil attached to the roots where a large number of branch roots have been elongated;
Before transplanting to the main field, the collective seedling raising device is taken out of the seedling raising house to acclimate the higher shoots and to trim the leaves so that the seedling lengths are almost uniform. (11) A method for transplanting and growing higher shoots of sugarcane seedlings, wherein the shoots are continuously planted between required plants in a main field using a dedicated transplanter. 2. The above-mentioned respective housing portions of the collective seedling raising device are separated into individual ones, and each of the higher-order shoot shoots is stored in each of the housing portions housing the same.
2. The method for transplanting and cultivating higher shoots and shoots of sugar cane according to claim 1, wherein the necessary transplants are continuously planted in this field by a dedicated transplanter. 3. Each of the above-mentioned housing portions of the collective seedling raising device is separated from each of the housing portions and each higher-order shoot shoot is extracted as a soiled seedling forming a so-called root pot with soil attached to the root portion. 2. The method for transplanting and cultivating a higher order shoot and shoot of sugar cane according to claim 1, wherein the extracted higher order shoot and seedling is continuously planted between required strains in this field by a dedicated transplanter. 4. Cultivating a sugar cane to be used as a mother stem by planting two-node seedlings obtained from a matured sugar cane, and when grown to about 300 cm, has a stem length of about 12 cm.
4. The method for transplanting and cultivating higher shoots of a sugar cane according to claim 1, 2, or 3, wherein the upper stem is cut off by cutting at 0 cm. 5. A primary shoot which grows from a primary axillary bud of a mother stem,
When the developed leaves have grown to at least 7 leaves, the upper stem of the primary shoot including its apical bud growth point is excised,
5. The method for transplanting and cultivating higher shoots and seedlings of sugarcane according to claim 1, 2, 3 or 4, wherein the primary shoots are left in the mother stem. 6. A secondary shoot comprising a top bud growth point when a secondary shoot growing from a secondary axillary bud at the base of the primary shoot is grown to have 5 to 6 leaves. Cut off the upper stem,
Leaving only the secondary tiller base at the primary tiller base, and growing the tertiary tiller growing from the tertiary axillary bud at the base of the secondary tiller until the number of developed leaves is at most five, or And, if necessary, growing the fourth shoot in the same manner to concentrate the higher shoots, which are the third shoots or the fourth shoots, on the mother shoot to form a higher shoot mass. The method for transplanting and cultivating higher shoots of sugar cane according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5. 7. A collective seedling raising device in which the higher shoots are cut and leafed at a stem length of 15 to 20 cm, and the higher shoots are inserted at a depth of about 3 cm and planted, and the interval between each set is at least about 15 cm. The method for transplanting and cultivating higher shoots of a sugar cane according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6, wherein the sugarcane is placed in a nursery house. 8. The temperature in the nursery house is maintained at 25 to 30 ° C., and watering is carried out as appropriate to obtain higher shoots 4 to 7 days after transplanting in the spring and in summer. Rooting 3-5 days after planting, planting in spring 1
After day 0, and after 7 days of planting in the summer, watering is performed so that the leaves do not wither. Also, after rooting, necessary fertilization is performed once a week. And growing the higher-order shoots obtained by elongating the seedlings.
3. The method for transplanting and cultivating higher shoots of sugar cane according to 3, 4, 5, 6 or 7. 9. Acclimation of higher shoots to seedlings is carried out about one week before transplanting to this field, and cutting is performed so that the seedlings become approximately 25 to 35 cm in height three days before transplanting to this field. Higher shoots whose seedling height has grown to such a level that almost no first developed leaves are almost removed by the shearing leaves shall be removed without removing the leaves and one collective seedling raising device including the same. The method according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, or 8.
A method for transplanting and cultivating higher shoots of the sugar cane according to the above. 10. The method according to claim 1, wherein the transplanting of the higher branch shoots to the main field by a dedicated transplanter is performed with the upper part of the accommodation part or the root pot being exposed at about 2 cm.
3. The method for transplanting and cultivating higher-order shoots of sugar cane according to 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, or 9. (1) A two-knot seedling obtained from a mature stalk is planted to cultivate a sugar cane to be used as a mother stalk. (2) growing a plurality of primary axillary buds of the mother stem into primary branch shoots having at least seven developed leaves; The upper stem of the primary shoot including the apical growth point is cut off, and the base of the primary shoot is left in the mother stem. (3) Secondary axillary buds that germinate at the base of the primary shoot are removed, and the developed leaves are 5 to 6 leaves. Growing into secondary shoots that become sheets, cutting off the upper shoots of the secondary shoots including their apical buds, leaving the secondary shoot bases at the primary shoot bases,
(4) By growing tertiary axillary buds that germinate at the base of the secondary shoots into tertiary shoots with a maximum of five developed leaves,
Concentrate the higher pedicles, which are tertiary pedicles, on the above-mentioned mother pedicles to form a higher pedicle mass, or, if necessary, tertiary axillary buds into tertiary pedicles with a maximum of five developed leaves. Growing, cutting off the upper stem of the tertiary shoot including the apical growth point, leaving the tertiary shoot base at the base of the secondary shoot, and developing a fourth axillary bud that germinates at the base of the tertiary shoot, (5) growing the higher stems, which are the fourth stems, in concentrated clusters on the mother stems by growing them into the fourth stems having a maximum of five stems; By cutting the shoot base at the set part of the mother shoot, the entire higher shoot mass is cut off from the mother shoot, and further, each higher shoot is attached to the bud shoot and root base tissue portions. (6) A large amount of tertiary or quaternary higher shoots collected from many mother shoots according to the above procedure, With the number is divided into each the same thing, that defoliation at the Kukitake 15~20cm,
(7) Filling each storage part of the collective seedling raising device formed with a large number of storage parts with fertilizer-free soil,
The above-mentioned higher order shoots are set to a depth of about 3 cm, and the same set of seedling raising equipment is inserted and planted with higher order shoots having the same number of leaves.
The collective seedling tools are grouped in the seedling house by grouping the collective seedling tools in which higher-order shoots having the same number of leaves are inserted and planted, and the interval between the collective seedling tools is at least one.
(8) The temperature in the nursery house is maintained at 25 to 30 ° C., and watering is performed immediately after the arrangement of the collective nursery equipment in the nursery house is completed. It is performed well throughout the day and night, and from the second day, it is carried out for about 10 minutes every hour only during the day, and in higher order shoots, 4-7 days after planting in spring,
In summer, 3-5 days after rooting,
From the 10th day of transplanting in the spring, and after the 7th day of transplanting in the summer, water the leaves so that the leaves do not wither. (9) After rooting, apply the required fertilization once a week, Higher shoots in 4 weeks in spring, 3 weeks in summer,
One leaf has four leaves, two leaves have four to five leaves, three leaves has five to six leaves, and four leaves have four leaves. The number is 5 to 6 and the number of leaves is 5 to 6 and the number of leaves is 6 to 7, and all of them grow into higher-order shoots in which many branch roots are extended to the main root.
(10) About one week before transplanting to the main field, the collective seedling raising device is taken out of the nursery house to acclimate the higher shoots, and three days before transplanting to the main field, the seedling height is changed. About 25-3
The leaves are cut to a height of 5 cm.
Higher branch shoots that had grown to such a height that almost no developed leaves were removed were not cut off, but were removed from one collective raising device containing the same. (11) All collective raising devices were removed. Higher order shoots other than the higher order shoots are continuously planted between the required plants at the bottom of the levee of the main field, which is to be excavated in advance by the trenching mechanism, with the running of the tractor-traction type dedicated transplanter. A method for transplanting and cultivating higher shoots of sugar cane. 12. The above-mentioned respective accommodating portions of the collective seedling raising device are separated into individual ones, and each higher branch shoot is taken out together with the accommodating portion accommodating the same to expose about 2 cm of the upper part of the accommodating portion. The method for transplanting and cultivating higher shoots and seedlings of sugar cane according to claim 11, wherein the seedlings are continuously planted in the main field. 13. A higher seedling seedling is extracted from each accommodation portion of the collective seedling raising device as a soiled seedling forming a so-called root pot with soil attached to the root portion without separating the accommodation portions. Then, the extracted higher shoots are about 2 cm above the root pot.
12. The method for transplanting and cultivating higher shoots of a sugar cane according to claim 11, wherein the sugarcane is planted continuously in the main field with the corn exposed. 14. A collective seedling raising device wherein a large number of storage portions are formed by bonding a number of paper tubes in a honeycomb arrangement and affixing each other, and each of the storage portions can be separated. 3. The method according to claim 1, wherein
3. The method for transplanting and cultivating higher shoots of sugar cane according to 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, or 13.