CN104756745B - A kind of sugarcane detoxication original seed seedling exempts careless method for transplanting - Google Patents
A kind of sugarcane detoxication original seed seedling exempts careless method for transplanting Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention relates to biological technical field, disclose a kind of sugarcane detoxication original seed seedling and exempt careless method for transplanting.The sugarcane detoxication original seed seedling transplanted using this method, survival rate can reach more than 99%, after transplanting, sugarcane detoxication original seed seedling restoration ecosystem is fast, seedling cost and daily management expense are greatlyd save, the problems such as weeding, irrigation and the weeding recruitment in sugarcane detoxication original seed seedling growth course are solved well.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to biological technical field, particularly relate to a kind of sugarcane detoxication original seed seedling and exempt careless method for transplanting.
Background technology
Sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) is mostly important sugar crop and energy crop.It is China's heat
Band, the big industrial crops in subtropical zone first, are these area (sugarcane district majority category old revolutionary base areas, areas inhabited by minority nationalities) peasant economy incomes
Main source, the important component of local finance.China is one of main Chan Tang states of the world, and sugarcane is then China's sugaring
Primary raw material, sugarcane sugar accounts for about 94% or so in the total amount of China's sugar.Sugar is one of edible product necessary to the mankind,
It is also one of important source materials of food industry such as candy, food and beverage.Therefore, sugarcane production is developed, the life to improving the people
Bioplasm amount, the development for promoting agricultural and related industry, so all there is consequence and work to the development of whole national economy
With.
China sugarcane is mainly distributed on the torrid zone and subtropical zone on the south 24 ° of north latitude, with Guangxi, Yunnan, Guangdong and sea
The provinces and regions such as south are major production areas." 12 " planning points out that the cultivated area of sugar cane will be stablized at 29,000,000 mu, and total output reaches
More than 1.4 hundred million tons, to ensure that domestic sugar consumption is substantially self-supporting.
It is to use vegetative propagation in sugarcane production more, after being cultivated through perennial root for many years, easily by the anti-of a variety of pathogens
Infect again, make kind of a sexual involution, cause Sugar Content in Sugarcane and yield to decline.Wherein with the influence of mosaic disease and ratoon stunting disease the most
Seriously, and common physicochemical method is difficult to eradicate, the principal element improved as restriction China's sugarcane per unit area yield and sugar content.
Mitogenetic group of axillary bud is combined using heat treatment by what China tropic Agriculture Academy Sciences tropic Biotechnology Research Institute proposed
Culture technique is knitted, detoxification is integrated, without mutation fast numerous, cause of disease quick detection, field proliferating and corresponding cultivation techniques from sugarcane stem section
Studied Deng 5 aspects, experiment shows that the sugarcane detoxication health seedling obtained by above step is free of pathogen, can make sweet
Sugarcane per unit area yield improves more than 20%, and sugar content improves more than 0.5 percentage point, saves sowing quantity 60%.Successfully solve China sweet
Technical barrier on sugarcane kind sexual involution and stock breeding.
Conventional sugarcane detoxication original seed method for transplanting has at present：(1) it is to use warmhouse booth, polybag is utilized in canopy
Or polypots nursery and naked two kinds of nursery.Advantage is that original seed transplantation of seedlings survival rate is high, but cost of transportation is high, during field transplanting into
Motility rate is reduced, and restoration ecosystem is slow；(2) the outdoor transplanting of sugarcane detoxication original seed seedling is heeled in, and the method is carried out without warmhouse booth outdoor
Transplanting is heeled in.This law advantage is nursery nearby, convenient and simple.Have the disadvantage that weeds are more, uprooting weed recruitment is more during seedling, cause to manage into
This raising, simultaneously because similar to monocotyledon weed during sugarcane detoxication original seed seedling seedling and original seed transplantation of seedlings density is big, easily goes out
The problem of now pulling out wrong seedling, extract seedling.
The content of the invention
The present invention proposes a kind of sugarcane detoxication original seed seedling and exempts careless method for transplanting, on the basis of original outdoor method for transplanting
On, the problems such as preferably solving weeding, irrigation and the weeding recruitment in sugarcane detoxication original seed seedling growth course.
The technical proposal of the invention is realized in this way：
A kind of sugarcane detoxication original seed seedling exempts careless method for transplanting, comprises the following steps：
(1) outdoor seedbed preparation：Selected nursery lot is made preparation for ploughing and sowing, furrow are played, furrow face is raked；
(2) processing of furrow face：After organic fertilizer, inorganic fertilizer and insecticide are well mixed, apply in furrow face soil；Again in furrow
Face covers one layer of moisturizing material；The organic fertilizer refers to people or feces of livestock and poultry, or the cake fertilizer being made up of above-mentioned excrement, before use
Selected excrement is subjected to stack retting, fermentation, in use, applying the organic fertilizer 15-20 that stack retting becomes thoroughly decomposed by every 10 square metres of furrow faces
Kilogram；The inorganic fertilizer refers to urea, potassium chloride and calcium superphosphate, and amount of application is that every 10 square metres of furrow faces are urea using content
0.2-0.4 kilograms, 0.2-0.4 kilograms of potassium chloride, 0.1-0.2 kilograms of calcium superphosphate；The agricultural chemicals from kill except subterranean pest-insect with
Two kinds of agricultural chemicals of ground insect are applied together, and the moisturizing material refers to coconut palm chaff, bagasse or wooden chaff, and described wooden chaff is thin after sawmilling
Slag；Above-mentioned moisturizing material is used after needing stack retting to abundant fermentation；Moisturizing material is 3-5 centimetres in furrow face cladding thickness；Described
Kill except the agricultural chemicals of subterranean pest-insect chooses 5% phoxim granule or 8% malicious pungent granule, kill the agricultural chemicals selection except ground insect
3.6% Dimehypo Fg；Amount of application spreads fertilizer over the fields each 0.1-0.15 kilograms of above-mentioned agricultural chemicals by every 10 square metres of furrow faces；
(3) preparation in seedbed：First in the furrow face covered with moisturizing material install water spray facility, after furrow face lay ground
Film；Mulch film surrounding is real with soil pressure；1-2 days before transplanting, open water spray facility and seedbed is drenched water；Described water spray facility is 2-
3 spray bands or dropper；
(4) process of original seed transplantation of seedlings：The packed or bottled sugarcane detoxication original seed seedling that individual plant has been taken root by hardening,
After cleaning and sterilization processing, it is transplanted into respectively by individual plant in the moisturizing material in seedbed；Timely root water of drenching after transplanting；
(5) short-term heat and moisture preserving：After transplanting, sunshade net progress sunshade, moisturizing are covered above seedbed；Temperature is less than 15 DEG C
When, then be capped 1 layer of plastic sheeting and be incubated；The installation method of the sunshade net is：With 3.0-3.5 meters long bamboo stick or iron wire
Arc is converted into, seedbed both sides is inserted in, covers sunshade net；During covered plastic film, in top side respectively from two ends 2.0-2.5 meters
Place opens the ventilating opening of 15-20 centimetres of a diameter, and same big ventilating opening is opened in the centre of opposite side；After 15-20 days, temperature is higher than
The plastic sheeting of capping is withdrawn from 20 DEG C, sunshade net is withdrawn within 15-20 days；
(6) water-fertilizer-pesticide management process：Including water management, Nutrition Management and Pest Management；
Water management：It is original sugarcane seedling water drenching by the water spray facility；
Nutrition Management：It is to start pouring to apply liquid manure to transplant one week after；
Pest Management：After outer layer plastic film and sunshade net is removed, insecticide control insect is sprayed；
(7) process in garden is gone out：Sugarcane detoxication original seedling early growth 40-75 days, original seed seedling length to 20-30 centimetres high, original seed seedling
Start tiller occur, you can go out garden.
Further, in the step (1), concrete operations of making preparation for ploughing and sowing are：20-30 centimetres of rotary tillage, deep plough 35-45 centimetres, rotary tillage
20-30 centimetres；Playing furrow specification is：Furrow are high 0.1-0.15 meters, and seedbed furrow face is wide 0.8-1.0 meters, long 10-15 meters, the wide 0.5- of furrow ditch
0.7 meter, furrow face soil block is smashed, raked.
3. a kind of sugarcane detoxication original seed seedling according to claim 1 exempts careless method for transplanting, it is characterised in that：The step
Suddenly after organic fertilizer, inorganic fertilizer and insecticide in (2) is mixed, administration is mixed thoroughly with 8-12 centimetres of deep soil of furrow face.
Further, described spray band is respectively placed in apart from furrow face both sides 20-25 centimeters, and the distance of spray interband is 40-50
Centimetre；The distance that described dropper is respectively placed between furrow face both sides 10-15 centimeters, dropper is 30-35 centimetres.
Further, in the step (4), the hardening operation of sugarcane detoxication original seed seedling is：The sugarcane detoxication that individual plant is taken root
Original seed seedling takes out from culturing room, is placed near ground of transplanting seedlings hardening 2-3 days at shady and cool ventilation, it is to avoid drench with rain and sunshine irradiation,
Then cut off the sack of culture bag or open the bottle cap of blake bottle, then place hardening 2-3 days；The sugarcane detoxication original seed seedling cleaning
Sterilization operation is：Sugarcane detoxication original seed seedling after hardening is taken out, the blade of 2-3 centimetres of seedling is subtracted, is placed in container,
Culture medium is cleaned up with the clear water of flowing, then with 50% carbendazim, 75% Bravo or 65% Difar 800
Moisture is dried in times liquid root immersion 3-5 minutes, taking-up in the cool；The sugarcane detoxication original seed transplantation of seedlings is operated：During transplanting
By mulch film puncture, the sugarcane detoxication original seed seedling that cleaning treatment is crossed is planted in moisturizing material by individual plant, deep 1.5-2 centimetres, so
After be compacted；Transplanting plant spacing is 8-10 centimetres, and line-spacing is 10-12 centimetres.
Further, the step (6), in water management, a water was drenched per 3-5 days；In Nutrition Management, the liquid manure every 5
Its pouring applies 1 time, is applied with mass concentration for 0.092% urea aqueous pouring for the 1-3 time；After the 4th, it is with mass concentration
0.5% composite fertilizer's aqueous, which is drenched, to be applied, and N, P, K ratio are 15 in the composite fertilizer:15:15, emerge first 10 days no longer to drench and apply water
Fertilizer；In the Pest Management, after outer layer plastic film and sunshade net is removed, insecticide is sprayed 1 time, go out garden the last week sprays again
1 time.
Beneficial effects of the present invention：
(1) sugarcane detoxication original seed transplantation of seedlings survival rate is high.The sugarcane detoxication original seed shoot survival percent transplanted with this method reaches
99%, the survival rate than transplanting (95%) and warmhouse booth transplanting (98%) with outdoor naked is high.
(2) restoration ecosystem is fast when sugarcane detoxication original seed seedling is heeled in.Ensure due to supplying water, matrix moistening, ground temperature is balanced (especially
It is winter), be conducive to original seed seedling root growth, growth period was directly entered at 3 days or so after sugarcane detoxication original seed transplantation of seedlings.And reveal
It naked is transplanted with after warmhouse booth transplanting, to pass through the convalescence of 5-7 days.
(3) restoration ecosystem is fast when sugarcane detoxication original seed seedling field transplanting is planted.Because original seed transplantation of seedlings is in outdoor seedbed
Carry out, it is general transplant 20 days after just carry out full exposure and penetrate, original seed seedling has been already adapted to local growth conditions, be transplanted to crop field it
Afterwards, changes in environmental conditions less, than warmhouse booth move by the easy restoration ecosystem of sugarcane detoxication original seed seedling, its survival rate (more than 95%)
More than 5 percentage points of the height of seedling of cultivation.
(4) it is cost-effective.The original seed seedling transplanted with this law, through adjusting, every ten thousand plants need 1740 yuan, and outdoor common transplanting is false
Plant every ten thousand plants 2200 yuan；Warmhouse booth is transplanted and heels in every ten thousand plants more than 3200 yuan.The method provided using the present invention transplants original seed
Seedling, every ten thousand plants of original seed transplantation of seedlings are heeled in can reduce expenses 460.0 yuan than outdoor common transplanting, every plant cost-effective 20.9%；Than
Warmhouse booth, which is transplanted, saves 45.6%.
Original sugarcane seedling proposed by the present invention exempts careless method for transplanting, without carrying out nursery in warmhouse booth, and preferably
The problems such as ground solves weeding, irrigation and the weeding recruitment in sugarcane detoxication original seed seedling growth course is collection hardening, transplants and tames and dociles
Change, heel in the new method for transplanting being integrated.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention, the technical scheme in the present invention is clearly and completely described, it is clear that
Described embodiment is only a part of embodiment of the invention, rather than whole embodiments.Based on the implementation in the present invention
Example, the every other embodiment that those of ordinary skill in the art are obtained under the premise of creative work is not made is belonged to
The scope of protection of the invention.
Embodiment 1
A kind of sugarcane detoxication original seed seedling exempts careless method for transplanting, comprises the following steps：
(1) outdoor seedbed preparation：By selected nursery lot carry out 20 centimetres of rotary tillage, deep 35 centimetres of plough, 20 centimetres of rotary tillage,
Play furrow；Playing furrow specification is：Furrow are high 0.1 meter, and seedbed furrow face is wide 0.8 meter, and long 10 meters, furrow ditch is wide 0.5 meter, and furrow face is raked, furrow face
Soil block is smashed, raked；
(2) processing of furrow face：After organic fertilizer, inorganic fertilizer and insecticide are well mixed, apply in furrow face soil；Again in furrow
Face covers one layer of moisturizing material；
The organic fertilizer refers to the feces of livestock and poultry such as people or pig, ox, sheep, chicken, or the cake fertilizer being made up of above-mentioned excrement, uses
Selected excrement need to be carried out to stack retting, fermentation in first 3 months；In use, by every 10 square metres of furrow faces using having that stack retting becomes thoroughly decomposed
15 kilograms of machine fertilizer；
The inorganic fertilizer refers to urea, potash fertilizer and calcium superphosphate, and amount of application is that every 10 square metres of furrow faces are 0.2 using content
Kilogram, 0.2 kilogram of potassium chloride, 0.1 kilogram of calcium superphosphate；
The agricultural chemicals is selected and killed except subterranean pest-insect and the two kinds of applications of pesticide of ground insect, the described agriculture killed except subterranean pest-insect
Medicine chooses the phoxim granule that mass concentration is 5%, kills except the agricultural chemicals of ground insect chooses the desinsection that mass concentration is 3.6%
Double granules；Amount of application spreads fertilizer over the fields each 0.1 kilogram of above-mentioned agricultural chemicals by every 10 square metres of furrow faces；
After above-described organic fertilizer, inorganic fertilizer and insecticide are mixed, administration is mixed thoroughly with 8 centimetres of deep soil of furrow face；
The moisturizing material refers to coconut palm chaff, bagasse, wooden chaff, and the wooden chaff is fine slag after sawmilling etc.；Above-mentioned moisturizing material is needed
Stack retting more than 3 months, just can be used to abundant fermentation, in use, moisturizing material is 3 centimetres in furrow face cladding thickness；
(3) preparation in seedbed：The spray band conduct of 2 15 hole/rice is first installed in the middle of the furrow face covered with moisturizing material
Spray water facility, after in furrow face laying plastic；Mulch film surrounding is real with soil pressure；It is 1-2 days before transplanting, moisturizing droplets of material is saturating；Spray band
It is respectively placed in apart from the centimeters of furrow face both sides 20, two spray band intermediate distances are 40 centimetres；
(4) process of original seed transplantation of seedlings：By the sugarcane detoxication original seed seedling of individual plant after hardening, cleaning and sterilization processing, point
The moisturizing material in seedbed is not transplanted into；Timely root water of drenching after transplanting；
The hardening of the sugarcane detoxication original seed seedling is operated：The sugarcane detoxication original seed seedling that individual plant is taken root is taken from culturing room
Go out, be placed near ground of transplanting seedlings hardening 2 days at shady and cool ventilation, it is to avoid drench with rain and sunshine irradiation, then cut off the bag of culture bag
Mouth or the bottle cap for opening blake bottle, then place hardening 2 days；
The sugarcane detoxication original seed seedling cleaning and sterilization is operated：Sugarcane detoxication original seed seedling after hardening is taken out, subtracted
The blade of 2 centimetres of seedling is removed, is placed in plastic big basin, culture medium is cleaned up with the clear water of flowing, mass concentration is then used
For 50% 800 times of carbendazim liquid root immersion 3 minutes, moisture is dried in taking-up in the cool；
The sugarcane detoxication original seed transplantation of seedlings is operated：With hand by mulch film gently puncture, the guarantor pushed aside under mulch film during transplanting
After 2-3 centimetres of wet stock, the individual plant sugarcane detoxication original seed seedling that cleaning treatment is crossed is planted in moisturizing material, planting depth is
1.5-2 centimetres, then gently it is compacted with finger；Spacing in the rows is 8-10 centimetres, and line-spacing is 10-12 centimetres；
(5) short-term heat and moisture preserving：After transplanting, sunshade net progress sunshade is covered above seedbed；When temperature is less than 15 DEG C, plus
1 layer of plastic sheeting of lid is incubated, moisturizing；After 15 days, typically when temperature is more than 20 DEG C, the plastic sheeting of capping is withdrawn from；Move
Sunshade net is withdrawn from after planting 15-20 days；
The installation method of sunshade net is to be converted into arc with 3 meters long bamboo stick or iron wire, be inserted in seedbed both sides, cover sunshade
Net；During covered plastic film, the ventilating opening of 15 centimetres of a diameter is opened at top side respectively 2.0 meters from two ends, in opposite side
Centre open same big ventilating opening；
(6) water-fertilizer-pesticide management process：Including water management, Nutrition Management, 3 processes of Pest Management；
Water management：Depending on weather condition, spray band was opened per 3-5 days and drenches a water；
Nutrition Management：It is to start pouring to apply liquid manure, every 5 days 1 time to transplant one week after；When liquid manure is applied in pouring, the one 1-3 times dense with quality
The urea aqueous spent for 0.092%, which is drenched, to be applied, i.e., every 100 kg of water adds 0.092 kilogram of urea；It is with mass concentration after the 4th
0.5% composite fertilizer's aqueous, which is drenched, to be applied, and N, P, K ratio are 15 in the composite fertilizer:15:15；Later every 5 days by the 4th
Concentration and consumption, which drench, to be applied 1 time, is emerged first 10 days no longer to drench and is applied liquid manure；
Pest Management：After outer layer plastic film and sunshade net is removed, the insecticide such as degree of spraying is sharp, Du Pont's health is wide 1 time is used
In preventing and treating snout moth's larva, go out garden the last week sprays 1 time again；Spraying concentration is performed according to operation instruction；
(7) process in garden is gone out：Sugarcane detoxication original seedling early growth 40 days, original seed seedling length is to 20-30 centimetres high, and original seed seedling starts
There is tiller, you can go out garden；Going out garden the previous day wants water drenching, to keep the loosing soil in seedbed.
Embodiment 2
A kind of sugarcane detoxication original seed seedling exempts careless method for transplanting, comprises the following steps：
(1) outdoor seedbed preparation：By selected nursery lot carry out 30 centimetres of rotary tillage, deep 45 centimetres of plough, 30 centimetres of rotary tillage,
Play furrow；Playing furrow specification is：Furrow are high 0.15 meter, and seedbed furrow face is wide 1.0 meters, and long 15 meters, furrow ditch is wide 0.7 meter, and furrow face is raked, furrow face
Soil block is smashed, raked；
(2) processing of furrow face：After organic fertilizer, inorganic fertilizer and insecticide are well mixed, apply in furrow face soil；Again in furrow
Face covers one layer of moisturizing material；
The organic fertilizer refers to the feces of livestock and poultry such as people or pig, ox, sheep, chicken, or the cake fertilizer being made up of above-mentioned excrement, uses
Selected excrement need to be carried out to stack retting, fermentation in first 3 months；In use, by every 10 square metres of furrow faces using having that stack retting becomes thoroughly decomposed
20 kilograms of machine fertilizer；
The inorganic fertilizer refers to urea, potash fertilizer and calcium superphosphate, and amount of application is that every 10 square metres of furrow faces are 0.4 using content
Kilogram, 0.4 kilogram of potassium chloride, 0.2 kilogram of calcium superphosphate；
The agricultural chemicals is selected and killed except subterranean pest-insect and the two kinds of applications of pesticide of ground insect, the described agriculture killed except subterranean pest-insect
Medicine chooses 8% malicious pungent granule, kills except the agricultural chemicals of ground insect chooses the Dimehypo Fg that mass concentration is 3.6%；Using
Amount spreads fertilizer over the fields each 0.15 kilogram of above-mentioned agricultural chemicals by every 10 square metres of furrow faces；
After above-described organic fertilizer, inorganic fertilizer and insecticide are mixed, administration is mixed thoroughly with 8 centimetres of deep soil of furrow face；
The moisturizing material refers to coconut palm chaff, bagasse or wooden chaff, and wooden chaff is fine slag after sawmilling etc.；Above-mentioned moisturizing material needs stack retting
More than 3 months, just it can be used to abundant fermentation, in use, moisturizing material is 5 centimetres in furrow face cladding thickness；
(3) preparation in seedbed：The spray band conduct of 2 25 hole/rice is first installed in the middle of the furrow face covered with moisturizing material
Spray water facility, after in furrow face laying plastic；Mulch film surrounding is real with soil pressure；It is 1-2 days before transplanting, moisturizing droplets of material is saturating；Spray band
It is respectively placed in apart from the centimeters of furrow face both sides 25, two spray band intermediate distances are 50 centimetres；
(4) process of original seed transplantation of seedlings：By the sugarcane detoxication original seed seedling of individual plant after hardening, cleaning and sterilization processing, point
The moisturizing material in seedbed is not transplanted into；Timely root water of drenching after transplanting；
The hardening of the sugarcane detoxication original seed seedling is operated：The sugarcane detoxication original seed seedling that individual plant is taken root is taken from culturing room
Go out, be placed near ground of transplanting seedlings hardening 3 days at shady and cool ventilation, it is to avoid drench with rain and sunshine irradiation, then cut off the bag of culture bag
Mouth or the bottle cap for opening blake bottle, then place hardening 3 days；
The sugarcane detoxication original seed seedling cleaning and sterilization is operated：Sugarcane detoxication original seed seedling after hardening is taken out, subtracted
The blade of 3 centimetres of seedling is removed, is placed in plastic big basin, culture medium is cleaned up with the clear water of flowing, mass concentration is then used
For 75% 800 times of Bravo liquid root immersion 5 minutes, moisture is dried in taking-up in the cool；
The sugarcane detoxication original seed transplantation of seedlings is operated：With hand by mulch film gently puncture, the 2-3 pushed aside under mulch film during transplanting
Centimetre moisturizing material after, the individual plant sugarcane detoxication original seed seedling that cleaning treatment is crossed is planted in moisturizing material, deep about 1.5-2 lis
Rice, is then gently compacted with finger；Spacing in the rows is 8-10 centimetres, and line-spacing is 10-12 centimetres；
(5) short-term heat and moisture preserving：After transplanting, sunshade net progress sunshade is covered above seedbed；When temperature is less than 15 DEG C, plus
1 layer of plastic sheeting of lid is incubated, moisturizing；After 20 days, typically when temperature is more than 20 DEG C, the plastic sheeting of capping is withdrawn from；Move
Cultivation withdraws from sunshade net in 20 days；
The installation method of sunshade net is to be converted into arc with 3.5 meters long bamboo stick or iron wire, be inserted in seedbed both sides, cover screening
Screened postive；During covered plastic film, the ventilating opening of 20 centimetres of a diameter is opened at top side respectively 2.5 meters from two ends, another
Open same big ventilating opening in the centre of side；
(6) water-fertilizer-pesticide management process：Including water management, Nutrition Management, 3 processes of Pest Management；
Water management：Depending on weather condition, dropper was opened per 3-5 days or spray band drenches a water；
Nutrition Management：It is to start pouring to apply liquid manure, every 5 days 1 time to transplant one week after；When liquid manure is applied in pouring, the one 1-3 times dense with quality
The urea aqueous spent for 0.092%, which is drenched, to be applied, i.e., every 100 kg of water adds 0.092 kilogram of urea；It is with mass concentration after the 4th
0.5% composite fertilizer's aqueous, which is drenched, to be applied, and N, P, K ratio are 15 in the composite fertilizer:15:15；Later every 5 days by the 4th
Concentration and consumption, which drench, to be applied 1 time, is emerged first 10 days no longer to drench and is applied liquid manure；
Pest Management：After outer layer plastic film and sunshade net is removed, the insecticide such as degree of spraying is sharp, Du Pont's health is wide is prevented for 1 time
Snout moth's larva is controlled, go out garden the last week sprays 1 time again；Spraying concentration is performed according to operation instruction；
(7) process in garden is gone out：Sugarcane detoxication original seedling early growth 75 days, original seed seedling length is to 20-30 centimetres high, and original seed seedling starts
There is tiller, you can go out garden；Going out garden the previous day wants water drenching, to keep the loosing soil in seedbed.
Embodiment 3
A kind of sugarcane detoxication original seed seedling exempts careless method for transplanting, and its step is same as Example 1, and distinguishing characteristics is, described
The water spray facility installed in step (3) is the dropper of 35 holes/rice, and dropper is respectively placed in apart from the centimeters of furrow face both sides 10, drop
Tube pitch is from for 30 centimetres；In the step (4) in detoxification original sugarcane seedling cleaning and sterilization, the medicament used in immersion root is matter
Amount concentration is 65% Difar, 800 times of liquid.
Embodiment 4
A kind of sugarcane detoxication original seed seedling exempts careless method for transplanting, and its step is same as Example 2, and distinguishing characteristics is, described
The water spray facility installed in step (3) is the dropper of 37 holes/rice, and dropper is respectively placed in apart from the centimeters of furrow face both sides 15, drop
Tube pitch is from for 35 centimetres.
Influence of the different method for transplanting to sugarcane detoxication original seed transplantation of seedlings survival rate
Choose same batch, the sugarcane detoxication original seed seedling that upgrowth situation is more or less the same, be averagely allocated as 6 groups, be respectively adopted this
The careless method for transplanting of release, outdoor naked method for transplanting and warmhouse booth method for transplanting that inventive embodiments 1 are proposed into embodiment 4
Carry out transplanting experiment, relatively influence of the different method for transplanting to sugarcane detoxication original seed shoot survival percent.It the results are shown in Table 1.
Influence of the different method for transplanting of table 1 to sugarcane detoxication original seed transplantation of seedlings survival rate
As can be seen from Table 1, careless method for transplanting is exempted using the original sugarcane seedling described in 4 embodiments of the invention and transplants sweet
Sugarcane detoxification original seed seedling, survival rate transplants (95.1%) up to more than 99%, than outdoor naked and warmhouse booth transplants (98.0%)
Survival rate will be high.
Influence of the different method for transplanting to the former seedling early growth of sugarcane detoxication
Choose same batch, the sugarcane detoxication original seed seedling that upgrowth situation is more or less the same, be averagely allocated as 6 groups, be respectively adopted this
The method that the careless method for transplanting of release, outdoor naked transplanting and the warmhouse booth of invention proposition are transplanted, progress transplanting experiment, and observe
The influence of the growing state of sugarcane detoxication original seed seedling after transplanting, relatively different method for transplanting to the former seedling early growth of sugarcane detoxication.
It the results are shown in Table 2.
Influence of the different method for transplanting of table 2 to the former seedling early growth of sugarcane detoxication
As can be seen from Table 2, using the careless method for transplanting of release described in 4 embodiments of the invention, after transplanting, sugarcane detoxication
Original seed seedling by can directly recover normal time for 2-4 days, and other method for transplanting, and sugarcane detoxication original seed seedling was needed by one week
The convalescence of left and right, it can just restore normal growth.Illustrate that sugarcane detoxication original seed seedling proposed by the present invention exempts careless method for transplanting,
Injury to sugarcane detoxication original seed seedling during transplanting is small, smaller to the sugarcane detoxication original seed seedling growth effect after transplanting, has
Beneficial to the restoration ecosystem as early as possible of the sugarcane detoxication original seed seedling after transplanting, shorten growing-seedling period.
Influence of the different method for transplanting to sugarcane detoxication original seed seedling field-transplanting survival rate
Sugarcane detoxication original seed seedling obtained by above-mentioned 6 treatment groups, is transplanted to behind crop field using identical method, counted respectively
The survival rate of its sugarcane detoxication original seed seedling, it the results are shown in Table 3.
Influence of the different method for transplanting of table 3 to sugarcane detoxication original seed seedling field-transplanting survival rate
As can be seen from Table 3, the sugarcane detoxication original seed seedling obtained by 4 embodiments of the invention, is transplanted to behind crop field, due to original
Planting transplantation of seedlings and heeling in is carried out in outdoor seedbed, and general transplanting is penetrated after 20 days with regard to carrying out full exposure, and original seed seedling has been already adapted to ought
The growth conditions on ground, easy restoration ecosystem when field transplanting is planted, its survival rate is up to more than 95%, than being moved using warmhouse booth
The sugarcane detoxication original seed shoot survival percent of cultivation is high more than 5 percentage points.And the sugarcane detoxication original seed seedling of outdoor naked transplanting, due to sweet
Sugarcane detoxification original seed seedling grows also under open-air atmosphere, field-transplanting survival rate and 4 embodiments without significant difference, but by
The sugarcane detoxication original seed seedling death rate is higher during being transplanted in outdoor naked, therefore, considers two links, and sugarcane detoxication is former
The loss of seedling method for transplanting still more careless than release of the present invention is high.
Influence of the method for transplanting proposed by the present invention to sugarcane detoxication original seed transplantation of seedlings cost
It is one of main advantage of the present invention to transplant cost and save labor.Using the original of transplanting proposed by the present invention
Seedling, every ten thousand plants only need increase irrigation material (spray band or dropper) 42.0 yuan of expense, and daily tending management (artificial uprooting weed, people
Work, which is drenched, applies liquid manure etc.) 5 500.0 yuan of works (100 yuan of each work day of inventor location in 2014) meters of expense saving.Through adjusting,
Every ten thousand plants need 1740 yuan, and outdoor common transplanting heels in every ten thousand plants 2200 yuan；Warmhouse booth transplant heel in every ten thousand plants 3200 yuan with
On.The method provided using the present invention transplants original seed seedling, and every ten thousand plants of original seed transplantation of seedlings are heeled in can save out than outdoor common transplanting
460.0 yuan, every plant cost-effective 20.9% of branch；Transplanted than warmhouse booth and save 45.6%.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, all essences in the present invention
God is with principle, and any modification, equivalent substitution and improvements made etc. should be included in the scope of the protection.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of sugarcane detoxication original seed seedling exempts careless method for transplanting, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
(1) outdoor seedbed preparation：Selected nursery lot is made preparation for ploughing and sowing, furrow are played, furrow face is raked；
(2) processing of furrow face：After organic fertilizer, inorganic fertilizer and insecticide are well mixed, apply in furrow face soil；Covered again in furrow face
One layer of moisturizing material of lid；The organic fertilizer refers to people or feces of livestock and poultry, or the cake fertilizer being made up of above-mentioned excrement, using preceding by institute
The excrement of selection carries out stack retting, fermentation, in use, applying 15-20 kilograms of the organic fertilizer that stack retting becomes thoroughly decomposed by every 10 square metres of furrow faces；
The inorganic fertilizer refers to urea, potassium chloride and calcium superphosphate, and amount of application is that every 10 square metres of furrow faces are urea 0.2- using content
0.4 kilogram, 0.2-0.4 kilograms of potassium chloride, 0.1-0.2 kilograms of calcium superphosphate；The insecticide, which is selected, to kill except subterranean pest-insect and ground
Upper two kinds of agricultural chemicals of insect are applied together, and the moisturizing material refers to coconut palm chaff, bagasse or wooden chaff, and described wooden chaff is thin after sawmilling
Slag；Above-mentioned moisturizing material is used after needing stack retting to abundant fermentation；Moisturizing material is 3-5 centimetres in furrow face cladding thickness；Described
Kill except the agricultural chemicals of subterranean pest-insect chooses 5% phoxim granule or 8% malicious pungent granule, kill the agricultural chemicals selection except ground insect
3.6% Dimehypo Fg；Amount of application spreads fertilizer over the fields each 0.1-0.15 kilograms of above-mentioned agricultural chemicals by every 10 square metres of furrow faces；Organic fertilizer, nothing
After machine fertilizer and insecticide are mixed, administration is mixed thoroughly with 8-12 centimetres of deep soil of furrow face；
(3) preparation in seedbed：First in the furrow face covered with moisturizing material install water spray facility, after in furrow face laying plastic；Ground
Film surrounding is real with soil pressure；1-2 days before transplanting, open water spray facility and seedbed is drenched water；Described water spray facility sprays for 2-3 bars
Band or dropper；
(4) process of original seed transplantation of seedlings：The packed or bottled sugarcane detoxication original seed seedling that individual plant has been taken root is passed through into hardening, cleaning
After sterilization processing, it is transplanted into respectively by individual plant in the moisturizing material in seedbed；Timely root water of drenching after transplanting；Wherein, sugarcane takes off
The hardening of toxogen seedling is operated：The sugarcane detoxication original seed seedling that individual plant is taken root is taken out from culturing room, is placed near ground of transplanting seedlings
Hardening 2-3 days at shady and cool ventilation, it is to avoid drench with rain and sunshine irradiation, then cut off the sack of culture bag or open the bottle of blake bottle
Lid, then place hardening 2-3 days；The sugarcane detoxication original seed seedling cleaning and sterilization is operated：Sugarcane detoxication after hardening is former
Seedling takes out, and subtracts the blade of 2-3 centimetres of seedling, is placed in container, is cleaned up culture medium with the clear water of flowing, Ran Houyong
50% carbendazim, 75% Bravo or 800 times of 65% Difar liquid root immersion 3-5 minutes, taking-up are dried in the air in the cool
Solid carbon dioxide point；The sugarcane detoxication original seed transplantation of seedlings is operated：By mulch film puncture during transplanting, the sugarcane detoxication that cleaning treatment is crossed
Original seed seedling is planted in moisturizing material by individual plant, deep 1.5-2 centimetres, is then compacted；Transplanting plant spacing is 8-10 centimetres, and line-spacing is 10-
12 centimetres；
(5) short-term heat and moisture preserving：After transplanting, sunshade net progress sunshade, moisturizing are covered above seedbed；When temperature is less than 15 DEG C,
1 layer of plastic sheeting is capped again to be incubated；The installation method of the sunshade net is：Rolled over 3.0-3.5 meters of long bamboo sticks or iron wire
Camber, is inserted in seedbed both sides, covers sunshade net；During covered plastic film, in top side respectively from two ends 2.0-2.5 rice at
The ventilating opening of 15-20 centimetres of a diameter is opened, same big ventilating opening is opened in the centre of opposite side；After 15-20 days, temperature is higher than 20
DEG C when withdraw from the plastic sheeting of capping, withdraw from sunshade net within 15-20 days；
(6) water-fertilizer-pesticide management process：Including water management, Nutrition Management and Pest Management；
Water management：It is original sugarcane seedling water drenching by the water spray facility；
Nutrition Management：It is to start pouring to apply liquid manure to transplant one week after；
Pest Management：After outer layer plastic film and sunshade net is removed, insecticide control insect is sprayed；
(7) process in garden is gone out：Sugarcane detoxication original seedling early growth 40-75 days, original seed seedling length is to 20-30 centimetres high, and original seed seedling starts
There is tiller, you can go out garden.
2. a kind of sugarcane detoxication original seed seedling according to claim 1 exempts careless method for transplanting, it is characterised in that：The step
(1) in, concrete operations of making preparation for ploughing and sowing are：20-30 centimetres of rotary tillage, deep plough 35-45 centimetres, 20-30 centimetres of rotary tillage；Playing furrow specification is：Furrow
High 0.1-0.15 meters, seedbed furrow face is wide 0.8-1.0 meters, long 10-15 meters, and furrow ditch is wide 0.5-0.7 meters, and furrow face soil block is smashed, harrowed
It is flat.
3. a kind of sugarcane detoxication original seed seedling according to claim 1 exempts careless method for transplanting, it is characterised in that：Described spray band
It is respectively placed in apart from furrow face both sides 20-25 centimeters, the distance of spray interband is 40-50 centimetres；Described dropper be respectively placed in away from
From furrow face both sides 10-15 centimeters, the distance between dropper is 30-35 centimetres.
4. a kind of sugarcane detoxication original seed seedling according to claim 1 exempts careless method for transplanting, it is characterised in that：The step
(6), in water management, a water was drenched per 3-5 days；In Nutrition Management, every 5 days of the liquid manure, which drenches, applies 1 time, uses quality the 1-3 times
Concentration is applied for 0.092% urea aqueous pouring；After the 4th, applied with mass concentration for 0.5% composite fertilizer's aqueous pouring, institute
The ratio for stating N, P, K in composite fertilizer is 15:15:15, emerge first 10 days no longer to drench and apply liquid manure；In the Pest Management, removing
After outer layer plastic film and sunshade net, insecticide is sprayed 1 time, go out garden the last week sprays 1 time again.
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| CN106613190A (en) * | 2016-12-02 | 2017-05-10 | 海南省农业科学院粮食作物研究所 | Expanding propagation and planting method for ipomoea batatas virus-free seedlings |
| CN108218600A (en) * | 2016-12-21 | 2018-06-29 | 广西鼎好农业科技有限公司 | A kind of multifunctional bagasse base manure and preparation method thereof |
| CN107736217A (en) * | 2017-11-01 | 2018-02-27 | 李福元 | A kind of field production method of sugarcane detoxication tissue culturing seedling |
| CN111642350B (en) * | 2020-06-30 | 2022-03-04 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院 | Cultivation method of sugarcane |
| CN111727687B (en) * | 2020-06-30 | 2022-03-04 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院 | Cultivation method of sugarcane transplanted seedlings |
| CN112314378A (en) * | 2020-10-26 | 2021-02-05 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院 | Efficient sugarcane test-tube seedling transplanting method |
| CN116267381A (en) * | 2023-02-06 | 2023-06-23 | 甘肃兴丰农林科技有限责任公司 | Planting method of corylus heterophylla seedlings |
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