CN108566859A - A kind of implantation methods of oil tea - Google Patents
A kind of implantation methods of oil tea Download PDFInfo
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- CN108566859A CN108566859A CN201710151697.6A CN201710151697A CN108566859A CN 108566859 A CN108566859 A CN 108566859A CN 201710151697 A CN201710151697 A CN 201710151697A CN 108566859 A CN108566859 A CN 108566859A
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of implantation methods of oil tea, include the following steps：(1) selection of reproducing area；(2) selection of oil tea breeding；(3) it transplants；(4) young growth is managed and protected；(5) tending management grown into forest；(6) cultivating for forest land is answered；(7) forest land weeding；(8) alternating forest land cultivation is interplanted；(9) Fertilizing in Woodland；(10) trimming grown into forest；The prevention of (11) oil tea pest and disease damage；(12) it harvests.The present invention passes through the selection of land from tea oil tree, it is controlled to plant, then to the field in each period in growth, using comprehensive and systematic scientic planting, keep oil tea shoot survival percent high, tea oil tree is adaptable, and can realize fruiting in advance, solves the problems such as fruiting is late, benefit is slow, low output, so that the economic output in oil tea forest land is high, help to push China's tea oil industrialized development, the degree of self-sufficiency of China's edible vegetable oil can be improved, for establishing oil tea production base provides template model on a large scale.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of planting, refer in particular to a kind of implantation methods of oil tea.
Background technology
Tea oil tree is one of four big woody oleiferous plants of the world, major product --- tea oil is " best edible in the world
Oil ", can be rated as " liquid golden ".Tea oil is not only important edible oil, after processed, can be used as industry and medical material, also
Many byproducts can be comprehensively utilized.Tea oil tree tool is adaptable, has the characteristics of long lifespan, do not strive ground with grain and cotton plantation, also
Fertilizer, pesticide can be provided for agricultural production；Tea oil tree is evergreen species, is planting trees on barren hills, conserves water and soil, while being also excellent
Volatile property.It is discussed according to Chinese medicine, tea oil is eaten for a long time, the cholesterol in human serum can be reduced, to hypertension, heart and brain blood
The diseases such as pipe disease, obesity have obvious curative effects.Meanwhile there is beauty care and other effects, digestibility is special up to 99% or more
It is not that can play good health-care effect to being restored after puerpera, is the king in oil.About 3,330,000 hectares of the existing oil tea area in China is simultaneously
Based on C. olelfera, 800,000 tons of tea seed, more than 20 ten thousand tons of oil-producing, 4 kilograms of average yield per mu oil, about 3 kilograms of our province, less than complete are produced per year
State is horizontal.Therefore the inefficient economic forest of the low yield that is considered of oil tea, the operation of oil tea are chronically at wild semi-wild state.To change
Become the inefficient situation of oil tea low yield, the whole nation is promoted the use of fine strains and high-yield cultivation technique.By promoting and applying oil tea breeding, excellent asexual
System, family, crosses, yielding Demonstration forest products per mu yield oil mass may be up to 80 kilograms, oil tea cultivation will become mountain development economy,
The important channel shaken off poverty and set out on the road to prosperity.But currently, oil tea cultivate in there is fruiting evening, low output, slow benefits the problems such as, how
Make the camellia oleifera lam early high-yield newly made, promote camellia oleiferaindustry development, is the current significant problem for being badly in need of solving.
Invention content
The purpose of the present invention is being directed to disadvantage present in background technology and problem to be improved and innovated, a kind of oil is provided
The implantation methods of tea.
The present invention includes the following steps：
One, the selection of reproducing area：The characteristic of acid red soil of selection pH value 4.5-6, yellow earth or yellow-red soil field planting, indicator plant are
Iron awns beanstalk, azalea, cogongrass, masson pine, tea tree etc.；Loosing soil, draining are good, 60 centimetres of soil thickness or more；Height above sea level 800
Meter or less, sun-drenched tailo, forest land is open, 25 degree of the gradient middle descending below.
Two, the selection of oil tea breeding：Standard：Select I grades of seedlings of annual Nurse seed grafting container cup, II grades of seedlings, Huo Zhexuan
Select I grades of seedlings of biennial Nurse seed grafting bare-root seeding, II grades of seedling afforestation.
Three, it transplants：
1, the plant of bare-root seeding：
A, planting density and kind configure：Density 75-120 plants or so per acre, suitable line-spacing is 2.5-3.0 meters, spacing in the rows
It is 2.0-3.0 meters；Kind configuration requirement selects 5-10 florescence, fruiting period relatively uniform, is suitble to the breeding of this area growth.
B, land preparation mode：Autumn site preparation, Winter-Spring afforestation；Less than 15 ° gentle slopes uses are cultivated entirely or strip tillage；More than 15 °
Abrupt slope is using moat of raising at ladder or water conservation fish-scale pit mode；By planning density fixed point, deep 70 cm x 70 of cave specification requirement length and width are dug
70 centimetres of cm x.
C, base manure is used sufficient：Before being colonized behind digging cave, base manure is imposed on cave bottom by often spread manuer in holes 1-2 kilograms of 3 kilograms of farm manure or cake fertilizer
It is mixed thoroughly with subsoil, backfill table soil answers high unearthed 5 centimetres or so of face, is transplanted after abundant sedimentation.
D, the afforestation season：March November to next year afforests, and selects cloudy day, light rain weather after rain, it is desirable that soil when plant
Moistening；Container cup seedling afforestation can extend 1 month.
E, implantation methods：It on the afforestation same day, will afforest after the yellow mud root dipping of seedling 50-100ppm root-inducing powders；When plant
A vesicle is dug in field planting point, adds at the root root and stem of certain plants and beats thin yellow soil a bit and do field planting soil, nursery stock is put into cave, keeps root system naturally easypro
Exhibition adds native compaction in layers, and grafting interface is flat with ground, then one layer of lid loosens the soil, and pours root water.
2, the plant of container cup seedling：
It is identical with bare-root seeding to transplant early-stage preparations, when being a difference in that field planting：1. light steady and sure in backfill；2. digging specific volume
The slightly larger vesicle of device cup；3. container seedling is gently put into cave, when making container to the cup for using polybag etc. that cannot degrade, to go
It can be transplanted after falling container；4. being backfilled with fine earth, it is compacted from periphery to container seedling direction with hand, soil is made closely to be tied with container seedling
It closes, container seedling can not be pressed down against energetically；5. lid last layer loosens the soil again, by the old soil degree of being covered as of container seedling.
Four, young growth is managed and protected：
1, ground mulching：After plantation butt surrounding straw, foster when the weeds shoveled etc. cover and press upper thin layer soil,
So that moisturizing is kept a full stand of seedings, 1-2 kilograms of every plant of mulching straw or other herbaceous stem fibers etc..
2, after-culture：It was found that be short of seedling or diseased plant, it be with container strong sprout after-culture of the same age, and strengthen management, make after-culture seedling and forest land
Growth of seedling is consistent substantially.
3, tending management：1. weeding：Annual 2-3 time, for the first time in the progress of 5-6 months, later annual 8-9 months into
Row；2. training the root and stem of certain plants：Timely righting and ridging are wanted to not planting positive or exposed root system nursery stock, it is ensured that root system covered graft union or seedling
The wooden original earthing trace；3. ploughing shallowly：Dry season summer ploughs shallowly once before arriving, and the turf under shovel is covered in the earth's surface around butt,
Give tree base to train the root and stem of certain plants, with mitigate earth's surface high temperature burn and drought injury, accomplish not hinder root, do not hinder skin, do not hinder that tree, root and stem of certain plants side is shallow, hat is outer deep,
Deepen year by year；4. the root and stem of certain plants is comforted：The weeds of the 1 meter of range in butt periphery, shrub etc. are purged in a manner of manually ploughing shallowly or knife is cut etc.
Tending management method.
4, the rational application of fertilizer：Under conditions of using sufficient base manure, First Year can not apply fertilizer, annual fertilising 2-3 times from next year,
The 2-3 months or the 4-5 months apply tip-promoting fertilizer, apply farm organic fertilizer December in winter.
5, tree-shaped is cultivated：After oil tea afforestation, annual Nurse seed grafting container cup seedling is in the next winter, biennial sprout
Anvil is grafted bare-root seeding and is above done calmly at 30-50 centimetres away from interface in winter current year, and trunk is retained；It is fixed dry 1st year latter, at 20-30 lis
It is strong that 3-4 growth is selected and remain at rice, the rational side shoot culture in orientation is major branch；It is fixed dry 2nd year latter, then retain on each major branch
2-3 branch is as secondary major branch；Strong spring tip culture thereon is by 3-4 on the basis of continuing to cultivate chief and vice major branch
Side shoot group, and ratio is reasonable between making three, is uniformly distributed；Pay attention to pinching, control branch excessive growth, and it is tree-like to wipe out upset in time
The branch of excessive growth, sick branch, overlapping branch and deadwood etc.；Treelet the first three years remove bud, and fruiting, maintenance trunk infusion is not allowed to grow,
Hat forming is accelerated.
Five, the tending management grown into forest：
1, soil improvement：It next year deep-cuts and cultivates multiple, 20-25 centimetres of depth of digging；Accomplish that flat slope depth, empty slope are shallow when cultivating multiple；Big tree is old
Tree is deep, and treelet is shallow；It is deep outside tree crown, it is shallow in tree crown；It cultivates and is carried out again when combining winter fertilising November autumn and winter.
2, the rational application of fertilizer：It is annual to apply 0.3-0.5 kilograms/plant of high-nitrogen compound fertilizer the 2-4 months, promote young sprout growth；Apply one within 2 years
Secondary winter top dressing is carried out in the 11-12 months, imposes 10-15 kilograms/plant of decomposed farm manure or fertile cake or 2 kilogram/plant of special fertilizer.
3, water-saving irrigation：Water-saving irrigation is used when the 7-9 months are arid.
4, science is trimmed：Oil tea trimming after fruit picking or spring sprout before carry out.
5, draw bee pollination：Oil tea forest land is cultivated multiple by deep-cutting, and makes loosing soil, is conducive to digger wasp and campes procreation, be actively
Create the suitable environmental condition of digger wasp, pollination pollination；Also camellia oleifera lam bee pollination can be carried out, fruit-setting rate is improved, but puts honey before bee
Bee need to take removing toxic substances spirit.
Six, cultivating for forest land is answered：It deep-cuts and cultivates multiple improvement soil, next year carry out；Fertilising is combined generally after November autumn and winter
Shi Jinhang is deep-cut and cultivates multiple depth and be advisable with 20-30 centimetres；For avoid it is excessive hinder root also can the diagonal rotation of year-by-year carry out, to do
It was deep-cut by 2 years one, 1 year shallow hoe, it is noted that protecting thick root when deep-cutting；Do not making terraced forest land soil erosion in order to prevent,
Forest land water conservation, soil conservation, the ability of fertilizer conservation are improved, it is multiple in combination with cultivating, the ring of 30 centimetres of 30 cm x is excavated along horizontal stripes surrounded by mountains
Ditch stays one 10 centimetres high of the small low bank of earth between fields, 8-10 meters of drains spacing every 3-5 meters.
Seven, forest land weeding：Oil tea young growth annual weeding 2-3 times, 5-6 months combine prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control weeding 1-2 times, 8-9
Shallow cultivate is combined to shovel grass 1 time in month；It such as uses glyphosate, agriculture to reach chemical weeding, should avoid being sprayed onto on treelet, or protection can be added
Cover, to ensure safety.
Eight, alternating forest land cultivation is interplanted：It is planted between Juvenile Stage, forest land carry out science, intercropping method is as follows：1. crop-planting
It must not win honour for oil tea treelet 60 centimetres around oil tea butt, strive water, strive fertilizer；2. long-term cropping will be intertilled and be removed in due course
Grass, fertilising；Per tillage and weeding once it is necessary to primary to the tea oil tree training root and stem of certain plants；3. after crop harvesting, it is rotten that residue is carried out stack retting
It is ripe, plough under forest land, not only improve soil, but also increase fertility.
Nine, Fertilizing in Woodland：
Treelet fertilization to sapling coordinates phosphorus potash fertilizer based on nitrogenous fertilizer.
Afforestation current year does not apply fertilizer usually, insufficient in base fertilizer, can suitably be poured after 6-7 month nursery stocks restore a little dilute
Thin night soil or every plant of point apply 0.5 liang of urea, 30 centimetres away from butt or more.
Second year rises after afforestation, before March, young sprout was sprouted or so half a month apply 1 liangs/plant of instant nitrogenousfertilizers such as urea；11-12
The moon applies more winter top dressing, with farmyard manure or 1-2 kilograms/plant of 5 kilogram/plant of muck or cake fertilizer, fertilizer special for organic etc.；With the increasing of tree body
Long, the annual amount of applying cumulative year after year.
N P and K rational proportion is wanted in oil tea fertilising of growing into forest, and annual 2-4 months spraying fertilizer, every plant is applied high-nitrogen compound fertilizer 0.25-0.5
Kilogram；Winter top dressing is every two years applied in the 11-12 months, every plant is applied 2 kilograms of 10-15 kilograms of decomposed farm manure or cake fertilizer；Fertilising can be used
It spreads manuer in holes, ditch spread；Two parallel ditches are dug between horizontal stripes and oil tea crown mapping outer rim, two trees, 60 centimetres of ditch length is 30 lis wide
Rice, mixes earthing thoroughly, steep hillslope is intended to apply the slope upper edge in tea oil tree after applying fertilizer by deep 10-30 centimetres.
Ten, the trimming grown into forest：Trimming carries out before sprouting with spring after fruit picking, and winter can weigh, and summer needs light；Trimming is former
Then：First cut portion, after cut middle and upper part, first repair in hat, after to repair hat outer, it is desirable that small sky, interior full outer full, left and right does not weigh, with luxuriant foliage and spreading branches in leafy profusion,
Ventilation and penetrating light increases result volume, accomplishes to ensure tree vigo(u)r, three-dimensional result；It is specific as follows：
1, clear foot branch retains 30 centimetres or so of clear bole height, cut off because position is too low or excessively in due to the withered aging that dies down
Branch, leftover bits and pieces branch.
2, determine tree-shaped, retain 3-5 backbone major branch, by orientation uniform layout；And two, three are cultivated based on each dry branch
Grade branch group.
3, bright skylight, control tree is 2-3 meters high, for the tree-shaped of excessive closing, should wipe out a small amount of upright bough, hold " day successfully
Window " improves three-dimensional bearing capacity.
4, interior thorax is repaiied, retains a certain amount of fruit-bearing shoot cluster in the good interior thorax of ventilation and penetrating light, cuts off sick branch, parasitic branch etc.；
Cutting back is carried out in time to the branch group of aging or is cut off from base portion, aside still further the strong branch of selection suitable position carries out
Culture supplement.
11, the prevention of oil tea pest and disease damage：Oil tea Major Diseases have anthracnose, Sooty mould, soft rot and root rot；Oil tea
Major Pests have oil tea stem borer, blue wing longicorn, oil tea cotton scabies, tea seed weevil and oil tea sawfly.
1, Major Diseases and control method：
A, anthracnose：The 7-8 months are mainly in, excavate serious plant disease strain, and combine regenerative pruning, remove sick branch, sick leaf, disease fruit
Deng；Camellia oleifera lam wants ventilation and penetrating light, creates the environmental condition for being unfavorable for pathogen growth development；Control method：After the growth of early spring young sprout,
The protection of 1% Bordeaux mixture is sprayed, 5-9 month fruit disease full incidence periods select the sprinkling of the sterilization drugs such as Bravo, carbendazim.
B, soft rot：It is mainly in the 3-6 months and the 11-12 months；Using transformation dense stand, appropriate branch-finishing and pruning；Winter-Spring combines
Sick leaf, disease fruit, sick spike top etc. are removed in trimming；Control method：It is sprayed and is prevented in fine day with Bordeaux mixture after spring tip lamina, drug effect
Sustainable 20 days or more.
C, root rot：It is mainly in the 4-5 months and the 9-10 months；It is drained using soil ventilation, mixes lime, with carbendazim, Tuzet
Equal drugs pour root prevention.
2, Major Pests and control method：
A, poison moth：Butt, which is earthed up 7-10 centimetres, to be beaten in fact, prevents pupa in soil that withered and yellow or canescence film quality is killed leaf from sprouting wings
Piece is removed, and larva is killed.
B, weevil：Larva is killed tea fruit back is picked when paying attention to site clearing after threshing ground teds, utilizes oil tea
The weakness of the seemingly-dead property of weevil and energy force difference of circling in the air, carries out artificial capture method elimination.
C, blue wing longicorn：Killed side shoot indentation above section is wiped out and is burnt, adult is captured；It, can be with during adult eclosion
Manual catching and killing is carried out in every morning.
D, stem borer：In adult eclosion peak period, night light trap, larval phase, sprays 90% metrifonate, adult sprinkling
90% metrifonate, 20% dimethoate emulsion.
12, it harvests：Tea seed after ripening before Gregorian calendar October 8,9, harvests as Cold Dew seed；Tea seed is in the Gregorian calendar 10
After ripening, harvests as Frost's Descent seed before the moon 23,24.
Picking time is to start for 3 days before fruit maturation by latter 7 days, and when the peel smooth of oil tea, bright in color, seed shell is in deep
Black or yellowish-brown, it is glossy, the white middle band Huang of meat is planted, presentation is glossy, and the fruit of homophyletic tree upper 5% can be adopted when cracking
It receives；Do not hinder limb and petal when picking tea fruit；The tea fruit adopted back is spread out in time ted 3-4 days after, tea fruit natural cracking does not detach
Manually stripping, then sieving raises net, continues to dry；The tea seed shone should be placed at aeration-drying.
In one of the embodiments, described I grade seedlings of annual Nurse seed grafting container cup be height of seedling >=15 centimetre,
The centimeter criterion seedling of diameter >=0.25, II grades of seedlings of annual Nurse seed grafting container cup are height of seedling >=10 centimetre, ground diameter >=0.20 centimetre
Standard seedling；Described I grades of seedlings of biennial Nurse seed grafting bare-root seeding are height of seedling >=40 centimetre, the centimeter criterion seedling of ground diameter >=0.40,
II grades of seedlings of biennial Nurse seed grafting bare-root seeding are height of seedling >=25 centimetre, the centimeter criterion seedling of ground diameter >=0.3.
The woodland interplanting crops select the short stalk crops such as peanut, soya bean, mung bean, lucerne in one of the embodiments,
The green manure such as Mu, Chinese milk vetch plant and medicinal plant plant long-stalked crop and vine crops between forbidding.
Advantages of the present invention and advantageous effect：
The present invention is by the selection of land from tea oil tree, is controlled to plant, then to the field in each period in growth, using comprehensive
The scientic planting of system keeps oil tea shoot survival percent high, and tea oil tree is adaptable, and can realize fruiting in advance, solve fruiting evening,
The problems such as benefit is slow, low output so that the economic output in oil tea forest land is high, helps to push China's tea oil industrialized development, can
The degree of self-sufficiency for improving China's edible vegetable oil, for establishing oil tea production base provides template model on a large scale.
Specific implementation mode
It is of the invention for ease of understanding, the embodiment of the present invention is shown below.But the present invention can be with many different
Form is realized, however it is not limited to embodiment described herein.Make to the present invention on the contrary, purpose of providing these embodiments is
Disclosure it is more thorough and comprehensive.
Unless otherwise defined, the skill of all technical and scientific terms used herein and the technical field of the present invention
The normally understood meaning of art personnel is identical.Term used in the description is intended merely to describe specifically to implement purpose, is not
It is intended to the limitation present invention.
Embodiment：
One, the selection of reproducing area：
Oil tea new afforestation should select the characteristic of acid red soil of pH value 4.5-6, yellow earth, yellow-red soil, indicator plant to be iron awns beanstalk, reflect
Mountain is red, cogongrass, masson pine, tea tree etc.；Loosing soil, draining are good, 60 centimetres of soil thickness or more；800 meters of height above sea level or less, sun
The tailo of light abundance, forest land is open, 25 degree of the gradient middle descending below.
Two, the selection of oil tea breeding：
The standard of breeding strong sprout is：I grades of seedlings of annual Nurse seed grafting container cup, height of seedling >=15 centimetre, ground diameter >=0.25
Centimetre；II grades of seedlings of annual Nurse seed grafting container cup, height of seedling >=10 centimetre, ground diameter >=0.20 centimetre.Biennial sprout stock is transferred
Connect I grades of seedlings of bare-root seeding, height of seedling >=40 centimetre, ground diameter >=0.40 centimetre；II grades of seedlings of biennial Nurse seed grafting bare-root seeding, height of seedling >=
25 centimetres, ground diameter >=0.3 centimetre.Advocate container cup seedling afforestation.
Three, the method for planting of oil tea bare-root seeding：
Forest land selects and seedling selection is as previously mentioned, it is also noted that the following：
1, planting density and kind configure.Density 75-120 plants or so per acre, suitable line-spacing is 2.5-3.0 meters, spacing in the rows
It is 2.0-3.0 meters.Kind configuration requirement selects 5-10 florescence, fruiting period relatively uniform, is suitble to the breeding of this area growth.
2, land preparation mode.General autumn site preparation, Winter-Spring afforestation.Less than 15 ° gentle slopes are cultivated entirely or strip tillage, more than 15 °
Abrupt slope need to raise moat into ladder or water conservation fish-scale pit mode.By planning density fixed point, deep 70 lis of 70 cm x of cave specification requirement length and width is dug
Rice × 70 centimetres.
3, base manure is used sufficient.It digs behind cave before being colonized and often spreads manuer in holes 1-2 kilograms of 3 kilograms of farm manure or cake fertilizer, base manure is imposed on into cave bottom
It is mixed thoroughly with subsoil, backfill table soil answers high unearthed 5 centimetres or so of face, is transplanted after abundant sedimentation.
4, the afforestation season.Usual afforestation in March November to next year, selects cloudy day, light rain weather after rain, it is desirable that when plant
Ground moistening.Afforestation Time can be appropriately extended in container cup seedling afforestation.
5, implantation methods.The afforestation same day will afforest after the seedling yellow mud root dipping of 50-100ppm root-inducing powders (GGR)；It plants
When plant field planting point dig a vesicle, add at the root root and stem of certain plants beat a bit thin yellow soil do field planting soil, nursery stock is put into cave, make root system from
So unfold, add native compaction in layers, grafting interface is flat with ground, then one layer of lid loosens the soil, and accomplishes " root relaxes, Miao Zheng, soil are real ", field planting
It is conditional afterwards to pour root water, drouth weather is met, should be watered in time.
Four, the method for planting of oil tea container cup seedling：
The same exposed root and shoot forestation of early-stage preparations is transplanted, when field planting：1. light steady and sure in backfill；2. digging more slightly larger than container cup
Vesicle；3. container seedling is gently put into cave, when making container to the cup for using polybag etc. that cannot degrade, to remove container rear
It can transplant；4. being backfilled with fine earth, it is compacted from periphery to container seedling direction with hand, soil is made to combine closely with container seedling, it can not be big
Power is pressed down against container seedling；5. lid last layer loosens the soil again, by the old soil degree of being covered as of container seedling.
Five, oil tea young growth is managed and protected：
1, ground mulching.After plantation butt surrounding straw, foster when the weeds shoveled etc. cover and press upper thin layer soil,
So that moisturizing is kept a full stand of seedings, 1-2 kilograms of every plant of mulching straw or other herbaceous stem fibers etc..
2, after-culture.It was found that be short of seedling or diseased plant, it be with container strong sprout after-culture of the same age, and strengthen management, make after-culture seedling and forest land
Growth of seedling is consistent substantially.
3, tending management.1. weeding.It is 2-3 times annual, it is carried out for the first time in 5-6 months, second in the progress of 8-9 months.
2. training the root and stem of certain plants.Timely righting and ridging are wanted to not planting positive or exposed root system nursery stock, it is ensured that root system covered graft union or nursery stock
Former earthing trace.3. ploughing shallowly.Dry season summer ploughs shallowly once before arriving, and the turf under shovel is covered in the earth's surface around butt, gives
Set base train the root and stem of certain plants, with mitigate earth's surface high temperature burn and drought injury.Accomplish not hinder root, does not hinder skin, do not hinder that tree, root and stem of certain plants side is shallow, hat is outer deep, by
Year deepens.4. the root and stem of certain plants is comforted.The weeds of the 1 meter of range in butt periphery, shrub etc. are purged in a manner of manually ploughing shallowly or knife is cut etc.
Tending management method.
4, the rational application of fertilizer.Under conditions of using sufficient base manure, First Year can not apply fertilizer, annual fertilising 2-3 times from next year,
The 2-3 months or the 4-5 months apply tip-promoting fertilizer, apply farm organic fertilizer December in winter.
5, tree-shaped is cultivated.After oil tea afforestation, annual Nurse seed grafting container seedling is in the next winter, biennial sprout stock
Grafting is upper fixed dry at 30-50 centimetres away from interface in winter current year, suitably retains trunk.Fixed dry rear First Year is at 20-30 centimetres
It is strong that 3-4 growth is selected and remain at place, and the rational side shoot culture in orientation is major branch；Fixed dry rear second year retains 2- on each major branch again
3 branches are as secondary major branch；Strong spring tip culture thereon is side on the basis of continuing to cultivate chief and vice major branch by 3-4
Branch group, and ratio is reasonable between making three, is uniformly distributed.Pay attention to pinching, control branch excessive growth, and it is tree-like to wipe out upset in time
The branch of excessive growth, sick branch, overlapping branch and deadwood etc..Treelet the first three years remove bud, and fruiting, maintenance trunk infusion growth is not allowed to add
It is fast to play hat forming.
6, it is planted between science.During oil tea young growth, the crops such as green clothes, medicinal material, oil plant are planted using forest land gap, to plough generation
It comforts.
Six, the tending management that oil tea grows into forest：
1, soil improvement.General next year deep-cut cultivates multiple, 20-25 centimetres of depth of digging.Accomplish that flat slope depth, empty slope are shallow when cultivating multiple；Greatly
It is deep to set veteran, treelet is shallow；It is deep outside tree crown, it is shallow in tree crown.It cultivates and is generally carried out again when combining winter fertilising November autumn and winter.
2, the rational application of fertilizer.It is annual to apply 0.3-0.5 kilograms/plant of high-nitrogen compound fertilizer the 2-4 months, promote young sprout growth.Apply one within 2 years
Secondary winter top dressing is carried out in the 11-12 months.Impose 10-15 kilograms/plant of decomposed farm manure or fertile cake or 2 kilogram/plant of special fertilizer.
3, water-saving irrigation.Water-saving irrigation is used when the conditional 7-9 months are arid.
4, science is trimmed.Oil tea trimming mostly after fruit picking or spring sprout before carry out.
5, draw bee pollination.Oil tea forest land is cultivated multiple by deep-cutting, and makes loosing soil, is conducive to digger wasp and campes procreation, be actively
Create the suitable environmental condition of digger wasp, pollination pollination.Conditional place, can carry out camellia oleifera lam bee pollination, and raising is beared fruit
Rate, but put honeybee before bee and need to take removing toxic substances spirit.
6, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control.Oil tea Major Diseases have anthracnose, Sooty mould, soft rot and root rot.Oil tea Major Pests
There are oil tea stem borer, blue wing longicorn, oil tea cotton scabies, tea seed weevil and oil tea sawfly.
7, picking in due course.Cold Dew seed kind harvests afterwards in Cold Dew (Gregorian calendar October 8 or 9 days), and the Frost's Descent, seed kind was in the Frost's Descent
Section (Gregorian calendar October 23 or 24 days) harvests afterwards.
Seven, cultivating for oil tea forest land is answered：
It deep-cuts to cultivate and can improve soil again, can next year carry out.Generally carried out when combining fertilising after November autumn and winter.It is deep
Multiple depth is cultivated in digging to be advisable with 20-30 centimetres；For avoid it is excessive hinder root also can the diagonal rotation of year-by-year carry out, to accomplish 2 years one it is deep
It digs, 1 year shallow hoe, it is noted that protecting thick root when deep-cutting.
In the forest land soil erosion in order to prevent for not making ladder, forest land water conservation, soil conservation, the ability of fertilizer conservation are improved, it is combinable to cultivate
It is multiple, the ring ditch of 30 centimetres of 30 cm x is excavated along horizontal stripes surrounded by mountains, and one 10 centimetres high of the small low bank of earth between fields, ditch are stayed every 3-5 meters
Away from 8-10 meters.
Eight, oil tea forest land weeding：
Generally oil tea young growth annual weeding 2-3 times, 5-6 months combine prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control weeding 1-2 times, and 8-9 months combine
It is shallow to cultivate shovel grass 1 time.It such as uses glyphosate, agriculture to reach chemical weeding, should avoid being sprayed onto on treelet, or protective cover can be added, to ensure
Safety.
Nine, it is planted between oil tea forest land：
In Juvenile Stage, suitable forest land can carry out planting between science, and a kind crop generally selects peanut, soya bean, mung bean etc. short
Bar crop, the green manure such as clover, Chinese milk vetch plant and suitable medicinal plant etc..Long-stalked crops and the west such as corn are planted between forbidding
The vine crops such as melon.
Intercropping technology.1. crop-planting must not be won honour for oil tea treelet, strive 60 centimetres around oil tea butt
Water strives fertilizer.2. long-term cropping wants in due course tillage and weeding, fertilising.Per tillage and weeding once it is necessary to primary to the tea oil tree training root and stem of certain plants.③
After crop harvesting, residue carries out to stack retting is decomposed, ploughs under forest land, not only improves soil, but also increase fertility.
Ten, the effective fertilizing method of camellia oleifera lam：
Treelet fertilization to sapling coordinates phosphorus potash fertilizer based on nitrogenous fertilizer.
Afforestation current year does not apply fertilizer usually, insufficient in base fertilizer, can suitably be poured after 6-7 month nursery stocks restore a little dilute
Thin night soil or every plant of point apply 0.5 liang of urea, 30 centimetres away from butt or more.
Second year rises after afforestation, before March, young sprout was sprouted or so half a month apply 1 liangs/plant of instant nitrogenousfertilizers such as urea.11-12
The moon applies more winter top dressing, with farmyard manure or 1-2 kilograms/plant of 5 kilogram/plant of muck or cake fertilizer, fertilizer special for organic etc..With the increasing of tree body
Long, the annual amount of applying cumulative year after year.
N P and K rational proportion is wanted in oil tea fertilising of growing into forest, and annual 2-4 months spraying fertilizer, every plant is applied high-nitrogen compound fertilizer 0.25-0.5
Kilogram.Winter top dressing is every two years applied in the 11-12 months, every plant is applied 2 kilograms of 10-15 kilograms of decomposed farm manure or cake fertilizer.Fertilising can be used
It spreads manuer in holes, ditch spread.
Two parallel ditches are dug between horizontal stripes and oil tea crown mapping outer rim, two trees, 60 centimetres of ditch length is 30 centimetres wide,
Deep 10-30 centimetres, mix earthing thoroughly after applying fertilizer, steep hillslope is intended to apply the slope upper edge in tea oil tree.
11, the trimming that oil tea grows into forest：
Trimming carries out before sprouting with spring after fruit picking, and winter can weigh, and summer needs light.Trim principle：First cut portion, after cut
Middle and upper part is first repaiied in hat, after to repair hat outer, it is desirable that small sky, interior full outer full, left and right does not weigh, with luxuriant foliage and spreading branches in leafy profusion, ventilation and penetrating light, increases knot
Fruit volume is accomplished to ensure tree vigo(u)r, three-dimensional result.
1, clear foot branch.Retain 30 centimetres or so of clear bole height, cut off because position is too low or excessively in due to the withered aging that dies down
Branch, leftover bits and pieces branch.
2, determine tree-shaped.Retain 3-5 backbone major branch, by orientation uniform layout；And two, three are cultivated based on each dry branch
Grade branch group.
3, bright skylight.Control tree is 2-3 meters high, for the tree-shaped of excessive closing, should wipe out a small amount of upright bough, hold " day successfully
Window " improves three-dimensional bearing capacity.
4, interior thorax is repaiied.Retain a certain amount of fruit-bearing shoot cluster in the good interior thorax of ventilation and penetrating light, cuts off sick branch, parasitic branch etc.；
Cutting back is carried out in time to the branch group of aging or is cut off from base portion, aside still further the strong branch of selection suitable position carries out
Culture supplement.
12, the prevention of oil tea pest and disease damage：
Oil tea Major Diseases and control method：
1, Oil Tea Anthracnose：It is mainly in the 7-8 months；Excavate serious plant disease strain, and combine regenerative pruning, remove sick branch, sick leaf,
Disease fruit etc.；Camellia oleifera lam wants ventilation and penetrating light, creates the environmental condition for being unfavorable for pathogen growth development.Control method：Early spring young sprout is given birth to
After length, sprinkling 1% Bordeaux mixture protection.The sprinkling of the sterilization drugs such as Bravo, carbendazim can be selected in 5-9 month fruit disease full incidence periods.
2, oil tea soft rot：It is mainly in the 3-6 months and the 11-12 months；Using transformation dense stand, appropriate branch-finishing and pruning；Winter-Spring
In conjunction with trimming, sick leaf, disease fruit, sick spike top etc. are removed.Control method：It is sprayed and is prevented in fine day with Bordeaux mixture after spring tip lamina,
Sustainable 20 days of drug effect or more.
3, root rot：It is mainly in the 4-5 months and the 9-10 months；It is drained using soil ventilation, mixes lime, with carbendazim, Tuzet
Equal drugs pour root prevention.
Oil tea Major Pests and control method：
1, oil tea poison moth：Butt, which is earthed up 7-10 centimetres, beats reality, prevents in soil that pupa is from sprouting wings, by withered and yellow or canescence film quality quilt
Evil blade is removed, and larva is killed.
2, oil tea weevil：Larva is killed tea fruit back is picked when paying attention to site clearing after threshing ground teds.It utilizes
The weakness of the seemingly-dead property of oil tea weevil and energy force difference of circling in the air, carries out artificial capture method elimination.
3, blue wing longicorn：Killed side shoot indentation above section is wiped out and is burnt, adult is captured.It, can be with during adult eclosion
Manual catching and killing is carried out in every morning.
4, oil tea stem borer：In adult eclosion peak period, night light trap, larval phase, sprays 90% metrifonate, adult
It is apparent to spray 90% metrifonate, 20% dimethoate emulsion and other effects.
13, the harvesting of Property of Tea oil Tree Fruit：
Oil tea Seasonal Harvest is very strong." Cold Dew seed " is ripe before and after Cold Dew (Gregorian calendar October 8 or 9 days), " Frost's Descent
Seed " is ripe before and after the Frost's Descent (Gregorian calendar October 23 or 24 days).
Suitable picking time is started within 3 days before fruit maturation by latter 7 days.When the peel smooth of oil tea, bright in color, seed
Shell is in aterrimus or yellowish-brown, and glossy, band is yellow in planting meat in vain, and presentation is glossy, when the fruit of homophyletic tree upper 5% is cracking just
It can harvest.Do not hinder limb and petal when picking tea fruit.The tea fruit adopted back is spread out in time ted 3-4 days after, tea fruit natural cracking, not
The manually stripping of separation, then sieving raise net, continue to dry.The tea seed shone should be placed at aeration-drying.
Embodiment of the present invention is only the description carried out to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, not to the present invention
Conception and scope is defined, and under the premise of not departing from design philosophy of the present invention, engineers and technicians are to this hair in this field
The all variations and modifications that bright technical solution is made should all fall into protection scope of the present invention, the claimed skill of the present invention
Art content has all been recorded in detail in the claims.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of implantation methods of oil tea, it is characterised in that include the following steps：
(1) selection of reproducing area：
Select characteristic of acid red soil, yellow earth or the yellow-red soil field planting of pH value 4.5-6, indicator plant be iron awns beanstalk, azalea, cogongrass,
Masson pine, tea tree etc.；Loosing soil, draining are good, 60 centimetres of soil thickness or more；800 meters of height above sea level or less, sun-drenched sun
Slope, forest land is open, 25 degree of the gradient middle descending below；
(2) selection of oil tea breeding：
Standard：Select I grades of seedlings of annual Nurse seed grafting container cup, II grades of seedlings, or biennial naked of the Nurse seed grafting of selection
I grades of seedlings of seedling, II grades of seedling afforestation；
(3) it transplants：
(1) plant of bare-root seeding：
A, planting density and kind configure：Density 75-120 plants or so per acre, suitable line-spacing is 2.5-3.0 meters, and spacing in the rows is
2.0-3.0 rice；Kind configuration requirement selects 5-10 florescence, fruiting period relatively uniform, is suitble to the breeding of this area growth；
B, land preparation mode：Autumn site preparation, Winter-Spring afforestation；Less than 15 ° gentle slopes uses are cultivated entirely or strip tillage；Abrupt slope more than 15 °
Using moat of raising at ladder or water conservation fish-scale pit mode；By planning density fixed point, deep 70 centimetres of 70 cm x of cave specification requirement length and width is dug
× 70 centimetres；
C, base manure is used sufficient：Before being colonized behind digging cave, base manure is imposed on cave bottom and bottom by often spread manuer in holes 1-2 kilograms of 3 kilograms of farm manure or cake fertilizer
Soil is mixed thoroughly, and backfill table soil answers high unearthed 5 centimetres or so of face, is transplanted after abundant sedimentation；
D, the afforestation season：March November to next year afforests, and selects cloudy day, light rain weather after rain, it is desirable that soil is wet when plant
Profit；Container cup seedling afforestation can extend 1 month；
E, implantation methods：It on the afforestation same day, will afforest after the yellow mud root dipping of seedling 50-100ppm root-inducing powders；Fixed when plant
Plant point dig a vesicle, add at the root root and stem of certain plants beat a bit thin yellow soil do field planting soil, nursery stock is put into cave, root system is made to unfold naturally,
Add native compaction in layers, grafting interface is flat with ground, then one layer of lid loosens the soil, and pours root water；
(2) plant of container cup seedling：
It is identical with bare-root seeding to transplant early-stage preparations, when being a difference in that field planting：1. light steady and sure in backfill；2. container cup is compared in digging
Slightly larger vesicle；3. container seedling is gently put into cave, when making container to the cup for using polybag etc. that cannot degrade, to remove appearance
It can be transplanted after device；4. being backfilled with fine earth, it is compacted from periphery to container seedling direction with hand, soil is made to combine closely with container seedling,
It can not be pressed down against container seedling energetically；5. lid last layer loosens the soil again, by the old soil degree of being covered as of container seedling；
(4) young growth is managed and protected：
(1) ground mulching：After plantation butt surrounding straw, foster when the weeds shoveled etc. cover and press upper thin layer soil, with
Keep a full stand of seedings conducive to moisturizing, 1-2 kilograms of every plant of mulching straw or other herbaceous stem fibers etc.；
(2) after-culture：It was found that be short of seedling or diseased plant, it be with container strong sprout after-culture of the same age, and strengthen management, make after-culture seedling and forest land seedling
Growth is consistent substantially；
(3) tending management：1. weeding：It is 2-3 times annual, it carries out in 5-6 months, is carried out later in annual 8-9 months for the first time；②
Train the root and stem of certain plants：Timely righting and ridging are wanted to not planting positive or exposed root system nursery stock, it is ensured that root system covered graft union or nursery stock is former
Earthing trace；3. ploughing shallowly：Dry season summer ploughs shallowly once before arriving, and the turf under shovel is covered in the earth's surface around butt, to tree
Base trains the root and stem of certain plants, with mitigate earth's surface high temperature burn and drought injury, accomplish not hinder root, do not hinder skin, do not hinder that tree, root and stem of certain plants side is shallow, hat is outer deep, year by year
Deepen；4. the root and stem of certain plants is comforted：It is comforted what the weeds of the 1 meter of range in butt periphery, shrub etc. were purged in a manner of manually ploughing shallowly or knife is cut etc.
Educate management method；
(4) rational application of fertilizer：Under conditions of using sufficient base manure, First Year can not apply fertilizer, annual fertilising 2-3 times from next year, in 2-3
The moon applies tip-promoting fertilizer the 4-5 months, applies farm organic fertilizer December in winter；
(5) tree-shaped is cultivated：After oil tea afforestation, annual Nurse seed grafting container cup seedling is in the next winter, biennial sprout stock
It is upper fixed dry at 30-50 centimetres away from interface in winter current year to graft bare-root seeding, retains trunk；It is fixed dry 1st year latter, at 20-30 centimetres
It is strong that 3-4 growth is selected and remain at place, and the rational side shoot culture in orientation is major branch；It is fixed dry 2nd year latter, then retain 2- on each major branch
3 branches are as secondary major branch；Strong spring tip culture thereon is side on the basis of continuing to cultivate chief and vice major branch by 3-4
Branch group, and ratio is reasonable between making three, is uniformly distributed；Pay attention to pinching, control branch excessive growth, and it is tree-like to wipe out upset in time
The branch of excessive growth, sick branch, overlapping branch and deadwood etc.；Treelet the first three years remove bud, and fruiting, maintenance trunk infusion growth is not allowed to add
It is fast to play hat forming；
(5) tending management grown into forest：
(1) soil improvement：It next year deep-cuts and cultivates multiple, 20-25 centimetres of depth of digging；Accomplish that flat slope depth, empty slope are shallow when cultivating multiple；Big tree veteran
Deep, treelet is shallow；It is deep outside tree crown, it is shallow in tree crown；It cultivates and is carried out again when combining winter fertilising November autumn and winter；
(2) rational application of fertilizer：It is annual to apply 0.3-0.5 kilograms/plant of high-nitrogen compound fertilizer the 2-4 months, promote young sprout growth；Apply within 2 years a winter
Fertilizer is carried out in the 11-12 months, imposes 10-15 kilograms/plant of decomposed farm manure or fertile cake or 2 kilogram/plant of special fertilizer；
(3) water-saving irrigation：Water-saving irrigation is used when the 7-9 months are arid；
(4) science is trimmed：Oil tea trimming after fruit picking or spring sprout before carry out；
(5) draw bee pollination：Oil tea forest land is cultivated multiple by deep-cutting, and makes loosing soil, is conducive to digger wasp and campes procreation, actively to create
The suitable environmental condition of digger wasp, pollination pollination；Also camellia oleifera lam bee pollination can be carried out, fruit-setting rate is improved, but puts honeybee need before bee
Clothes removing toxic substances spirit；
(6) cultivating for forest land is answered：
It deep-cuts and cultivates multiple improvement soil, next year carry out；It is generally carried out when combining fertilising after November autumn and winter, deep-cuts and cultivate multiple depth
It is advisable with 20-30 centimetres；For avoid it is excessive hinder root also can the diagonal rotation of year-by-year carry out, to accomplish 2 years one to deep-cut, 1 year one
Shallow hoe, it is noted that protecting thick root when deep-cutting；In the forest land soil erosion in order to prevent for not making ladder, forest land water conservation, soil conservation, guarantor are improved
The ability of fertilizer, it is multiple in combination with cultivating, the ring ditch of 30 centimetres of 30 cm x is excavated along horizontal stripes surrounded by mountains, and one 10 is stayed every 3-5 meters
Centimetre high small low bank of earth between fields, 8-10 meters of drains spacing；
(7) forest land weeding：
Oil tea young growth annual weeding 2-3 times combines prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control weeding 1-2 times 5-6 months, shallow cultivate is combined to shovel grass 1 in 8-9 months
It is secondary；It such as uses glyphosate, agriculture to reach chemical weeding, should avoid being sprayed onto on treelet, or protective cover can be added, to ensure safety；
(8) alternating forest land cultivation is interplanted：
It is planted between Juvenile Stage, forest land carry out science, intercropping method is as follows：1. crop-planting must be around oil tea butt
It 60 centimetres, do not win honour for oil tea treelet, strive water, strive fertilizer；2. long-term cropping wants in due course tillage and weeding, fertilising；Per tillage and weeding one
It is secondary primary it is necessary to train the root and stem of certain plants to tea oil tree；3. after crop harvesting, residue to carry out to stack retting is decomposed, ploughs under forest land, both conditioned soils
Earth, and increase fertility；
(9) Fertilizing in Woodland：
Treelet fertilization to sapling coordinates phosphorus potash fertilizer based on nitrogenous fertilizer；
Afforestation current year does not apply fertilizer usually, insufficient in base fertilizer, can suitably be poured after 6-7 month nursery stocks restore a little thin
Night soil or every plant of point apply 0.5 liang of urea, 30 centimetres away from butt or more；
Second year rises after afforestation, before March, young sprout was sprouted or so half a month apply 1 liangs/plant of instant nitrogenousfertilizers such as urea；The 11-12 months apply
More winter top dressing, with farmyard manure or 1-2 kilograms/plant of 5 kilogram/plant of muck or cake fertilizer, fertilizer special for organic etc.；With the growth of tree body, often
The amount of the applying cumulative year after year in year；
N P and K rational proportion is wanted in oil tea fertilising of growing into forest, annual 2-4 months spraying fertilizer, and every plant to apply high-nitrogen compound fertilizer 0.25-0.5 public
Jin；Winter top dressing is every two years applied in the 11-12 months, every plant is applied 2 kilograms of 10-15 kilograms of decomposed farm manure or cake fertilizer；Cave can be used in fertilising
It applies, ditch spread；Two parallel ditches are dug between horizontal stripes and oil tea crown mapping outer rim, two trees, 60 centimetres of ditch length is 30 centimetres wide,
Deep 10-30 centimetres, mix earthing thoroughly after applying fertilizer, steep hillslope is intended to apply the slope upper edge in tea oil tree；
(10) trimming grown into forest：
Trimming carries out before sprouting with spring after fruit picking, and winter can weigh, and summer needs light；Trim principle：First cut portion, after cut on
Portion, first repair in hat, after to repair hat outer, it is desirable that small sky, interior full outer full, left and right does not weigh, with luxuriant foliage and spreading branches in leafy profusion, ventilation and penetrating light, increases effective aspect
Product, accomplishes to ensure tree vigo(u)r, three-dimensional result；It is specific as follows：
(1) clear foot branch, retains 30 centimetres or so of clear bole height, cut off because position is too low or excessively in due to die down withered aging branch,
Leftover bits and pieces branch；
(2) determine tree-shaped, retain 3-5 backbone major branch, by orientation uniform layout；And culture two, three-level based on each dry branch
Branch group；
(3) bright skylight, control tree is 2-3 meters high, for the tree-shaped of excessive closing, should wipe out a small amount of upright bough, hold " skylight " successfully,
Improve three-dimensional bearing capacity；
(4) interior thorax is repaiied, retains a certain amount of fruit-bearing shoot cluster in the good interior thorax of ventilation and penetrating light, cuts off sick branch, parasitic branch etc.；To declining
Old branch group carries out cutting back in time or is cut off from base portion, and aside still further the strong branch of selection suitable position is cultivated
Supplement；
The prevention of (11) oil tea pest and disease damage：
Oil tea Major Diseases have anthracnose, Sooty mould, soft rot and root rot；Oil tea Major Pests have oil tea stem borer, blue wing
Longicorn, oil tea cotton scabies, tea seed weevil and oil tea sawfly；
(1) Major Diseases and control method：
A, anthracnose：The 7-8 months are mainly in, excavate serious plant disease strain, and combine regenerative pruning, remove sick branch, sick leaf, disease fruit etc.；
Camellia oleifera lam wants ventilation and penetrating light, creates the environmental condition for being unfavorable for pathogen growth development；Control method：After the growth of early spring young sprout, spray
The protection of 1% Bordeaux mixture is spilt, 5-9 month fruit disease full incidence periods select the sprinkling of the sterilization drugs such as Bravo, carbendazim；
B, soft rot：It is mainly in the 3-6 months and the 11-12 months；Using transformation dense stand, appropriate branch-finishing and pruning；Winter-Spring combines trimming,
Remove sick leaf, disease fruit, sick spike top etc.；Control method：It is sprayed and is prevented in fine day with Bordeaux mixture after spring tip lamina, drug effect is sustainable
20 days or more；
C, root rot：It is mainly in the 4-5 months and the 9-10 months；It is drained using soil ventilation, mixes lime, with medicines such as carbendazim, Tuzets
Object pours root prevention；
(2) Major Pests and control method：
A, poison moth：Butt, which is earthed up 7-10 centimetres, to be beaten in fact, prevents pupa in soil that withered and yellow or canescence film quality is killed blade and is plucked from sprouting wings
Fall, kills larva；
B, weevil：Larva is killed tea fruit back is picked when paying attention to site clearing after threshing ground teds, utilizes oil tea trunk
The weakness of the seemingly-dead property of worm and energy force difference of circling in the air, carries out artificial capture method elimination；
C, blue wing longicorn：Killed side shoot indentation above section is wiped out and is burnt, adult is captured；It, can be every during adult eclosion
Its morning carries out manual catching and killing；
D, stem borer：In adult eclosion peak period, night light trap, larval phase, sprays 90% metrifonate, adult sprinkling 90%
Metrifonate, 20% dimethoate emulsion；
(12) it harvests：
Tea seed after ripening before Gregorian calendar October 8,9, harvests as Cold Dew seed；Tea seed is before and after Gregorian calendar October 23,24
Ripe, it harvests as Frost's Descent seed；
Picking time is to start for 3 days before fruit maturation by latter 7 days, and when the peel smooth of oil tea, bright in color, seed shell is in aterrimus
Or yellowish-brown, it is glossy, the white middle band Huang of meat is planted, presentation is glossy, and the fruit of homophyletic tree upper 5% can harvest when cracking；It adopts
Do not hinder limb and petal when plucking tea fruit；The tea fruit adopted back is spread out in time ted 3-4 days after, tea fruit natural cracking, unsegregated use
Manual removal, then sieving raise net, continue to dry；The tea seed shone should be placed at aeration-drying.
2. the implantation methods of oil tea according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the annual Nurse seed grafting container
I grade seedlings of cup are height of seedling >=15 centimetre, the centimeter criterion seedling of ground diameter >=0.25, and II grades of seedlings of annual Nurse seed grafting container cup are height of seedling
>=10 centimetres, the centimeter criterion seedling of ground diameter >=0.20；Described I grades of seedlings of biennial Nurse seed grafting bare-root seeding are height of seedling >=40 li
Rice, the centimeter criterion seedling of ground diameter >=0.40, II grade seedlings of biennial Nurse seed grafting bare-root seeding are height of seedling >=25 centimetre, ground diameter >=0.3
Centimeter criterion seedling.
3. the implantation methods of oil tea according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the woodland interplanting crops select peanut,
The short stalk crops such as soya bean, mung bean, the green manure such as clover, Chinese milk vetch plant and medicinal plant plant long-stalked crop and tendril between forbidding
Crop.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109122299A (en) * | 2018-10-12 | 2019-01-04 | 湖南省茶叶研究所（湖南省茶叶检测中心） | A kind of producing method for seed of the double clone hybrid seeds of tea tree |
| CN109644810A (en) * | 2019-01-21 | 2019-04-19 | 光山县诚信实业开发有限责任公司 | The method for transplanting of oil tea seedling |
| CN109769562A (en) * | 2019-01-31 | 2019-05-21 | 铜仁学院 | A method of planting camellia |
| CN110150015A (en) * | 2019-06-03 | 2019-08-23 | 凤冈金鼎旺油茶种植专业合作社 | A kind of efficient implantation methods of oil tea |
| CN110169303A (en) * | 2019-07-05 | 2019-08-27 | 桂阳县天能生态农业发展有限公司 | A kind of high-yield planting method of oil tea |
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| CN111466249A (en) * | 2020-04-01 | 2020-07-31 | 刘勇林 | Camellia oleifera planting method |
| CN112772240A (en) * | 2021-01-26 | 2021-05-11 | 荔波县黄江河国家湿地公园管理站 | Method for preventing and treating diseases and pests of camellia oleifera |
| CN113748914A (en) * | 2021-10-15 | 2021-12-07 | 攸县惠昌农业有限责任公司 | Camellia oleifera tree cultivation method capable of improving quality of camellia oleifera seeds |
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| CN105961130A (en) * | 2016-07-11 | 2016-09-28 | 瑞金市绿野轩林业有限责任公司 | Method for effectively promoting growth of tea-oil tree and raising yield of fresh fruits through stripe width and planting position |
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Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105961130A (en) * | 2016-07-11 | 2016-09-28 | 瑞金市绿野轩林业有限责任公司 | Method for effectively promoting growth of tea-oil tree and raising yield of fresh fruits through stripe width and planting position |
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| CN109122299A (en) * | 2018-10-12 | 2019-01-04 | 湖南省茶叶研究所（湖南省茶叶检测中心） | A kind of producing method for seed of the double clone hybrid seeds of tea tree |
| CN109644810A (en) * | 2019-01-21 | 2019-04-19 | 光山县诚信实业开发有限责任公司 | The method for transplanting of oil tea seedling |
| CN109769562A (en) * | 2019-01-31 | 2019-05-21 | 铜仁学院 | A method of planting camellia |
| CN110150015A (en) * | 2019-06-03 | 2019-08-23 | 凤冈金鼎旺油茶种植专业合作社 | A kind of efficient implantation methods of oil tea |
| CN110169303A (en) * | 2019-07-05 | 2019-08-27 | 桂阳县天能生态农业发展有限公司 | A kind of high-yield planting method of oil tea |
| CN111386949A (en) * | 2020-03-04 | 2020-07-10 | 株洲市地杰现代农业有限责任公司 | Pollution-free control method for diseases and insect pests of camellia oleifera |
| CN111466249A (en) * | 2020-04-01 | 2020-07-31 | 刘勇林 | Camellia oleifera planting method |
| CN113767799A (en) * | 2020-10-22 | 2021-12-10 | 溆浦县峰源农林开发有限公司 | Transformation method of low-yield camellia oleifera forest |
| CN112772240A (en) * | 2021-01-26 | 2021-05-11 | 荔波县黄江河国家湿地公园管理站 | Method for preventing and treating diseases and pests of camellia oleifera |
| CN114731884A (en) * | 2021-04-26 | 2022-07-12 | 余建雄 | High-yield planting method for camellia oleifera in northwest bay area |
| CN113748914A (en) * | 2021-10-15 | 2021-12-07 | 攸县惠昌农业有限责任公司 | Camellia oleifera tree cultivation method capable of improving quality of camellia oleifera seeds |
| CN114916363A (en) * | 2022-05-16 | 2022-08-19 | 广西壮族自治区林业科学研究院 | Simple and efficient camellia oleifera large tree seed changing method |
| CN114916363B (en) * | 2022-05-16 | 2023-12-01 | 广西壮族自治区林业科学研究院 | Simple and efficient camellia oleifera big tree seed changing method |
| CN115804313A (en) * | 2022-09-28 | 2023-03-17 | 湖北省林业科学研究院 | A kind of cultivation method of camellia oleifera round fruit ecology suitable machine |
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