CN106614407A - Encarsia formosa breeding method - Google Patents
Encarsia formosa breeding method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106614407A CN106614407A CN201710001413.5A CN201710001413A CN106614407A CN 106614407 A CN106614407 A CN 106614407A CN 201710001413 A CN201710001413 A CN 201710001413A CN 106614407 A CN106614407 A CN 106614407A
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- encarsia formosa
- taro
- aleyrodid
- breeding
- seedling
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New breeds of animals
- A01K67/033—Rearing or breeding invertebrates; New breeds of invertebrates
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of agriculture and forestry injurious insect biological control, and discloses an encarsia formosa breeding method. The method comprise the following steps of 1 host aleyrodid production, wherein aleyrodid species are released into a breeding chamber, taro seedlings are adopted as hot plants, and aleyrodid breeding is performed; 2 encarsia formosa production, wherein encarsia formosa species are released into the breeding chamber in the step 1, and encarsia formosa breeding is performed; 3 honey bee pupae collection performed when 60-70% of aleyrodid nymphs on the taro seedlings become black honey bee pupae. According to the technical scheme, the problem that after encarsia formosa breeding is performed, the host plants cannot generate economic benefits is solved, economic benefits are improved, meanwhile, the encarsia formosa breeding efficiency is improved, man hours are shortened, and breeding management is more convenient.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the technical field of biological control of agriculture and forestry insect, and in particular to a kind of side of breeding of Encarsia formosa
Method.
Background technology
Encarsia formosa is the natural enemy of aleyrodid, and its worm's ovum is produced in the worm's ovum of aleyrodid, inhaled when its larva grows up by Encarsia formosa
The nutrition of baking soda mite ovum, so as to aleyrodid be eliminated.It is near that the whitefly hazard during crop production is prevented and treated using Encarsia formosa
A biological prevention of primary study over year, its prevention effect is notable.
In practical application, people mainly carry out the feeding of aleyrodid using the blade of the crops such as conventional cigarette strain, tomato, eggplant
Support, and then breed Encarsia formosa.By the use of crops such as conventional cigarette strain, tomato, eggplants as Encarsia formosa large-scale production
During host plant, host plant just loses the economic worth of itself after production Encarsia formosa, it is impossible to be re-used as farming produce
Raw economic worth, so as to cause host plant economic benefit single, this is those skilled in the art's problem demanding prompt solution.
The content of the invention
To solve above-mentioned technical problem, the present invention is intended to provide the abundant Encarsia formosa mating system of economic benefit.
Specifically, there is provided a kind of Encarsia formosa mating system, comprise the following steps：(1) host aleyrodid production：By aleyrodid
Worm kind is released to breeds interior, with Taro Seedling as host plant, carries out aleyrodid and breeds；(2) Encarsia formosa production：By Encarsia formosa
What worm kind was released to step (1) breeds interior, carries out Encarsia formosa and breeds；(3) when the aleyrodid nymph 60-70% on Taro Seedling becomes
During into black bee pupa, bee pupa is gathered.
Further, the kind of the Taro Seedling in step (1) is the hair taro of high yield, disease resistance and strong stress resistance.
Further, in step (1), the burst size of aleyrodid worm kind is every plant of Taro Seedling 50-100 head.
Further, in step (1), the temperature that aleyrodid breeds is 15-32 DEG C, and humidity is 20-70%.
Further, in step (1), aleyrodid is bred to every plant of Taro Seedling averagely has aleyrodid insect population 8000-15000 heads.
Further, in step (2), the burst size of Encarsia formosa worm kind is every plant of Taro Seedling 200-500 head.
Further, in step (2), Encarsia formosa worm kind is released to and is bred behind room, using NPK to taro
Seedling is topdressed.
Further, in step (2), Encarsia formosa worm kind is released to after breeding room 2-3 days, using Fluoxastrobin to breeding
The native surface of indoor and cultivation carries out disease prevention and control.
Further, after step (3), also including step (4)：Using ethyl pleocidin to breeding indoor Taro Seedling
Surface carries out desinsection.
Further, after step (4), also including step (5)：More than 30 days after bee pupa collection, taro is harvested,
Cultivation soil being carried out after results to plough deeply, being applied fertilizer, reason moisture in the soil trench digging, base manure mixes soil, filters out underground bulb from the taro for harvesting little simultaneously
Taro Seedling with blade row is planted in dead furrow, and repeat step (1)-(3) carry out breeding for Encarsia formosa.
The beneficial effect of above-mentioned technical proposal is：
1st, Taro Seedling is adopted for host plant, taro blade is used to breed production Encarsia formosa, while not affecting taro ground
The results of lower bulb, so as to improve the economic benefit of host plant, overcome and breed host plant itself nothing after Encarsia formosa
Method produces again the problem of economic benefit.
2nd, taro can preferably breed aleyrodid, compared with the host plants such as conventional tobacco, tomato, be bred using taro
Encarsia formosa bee pupa insect density is big, concentration degree is high, improve Encarsia formosa breeds efficiency, shortens man-hour.And taro
Head has more preferable ventilation and penetrating light characteristic than this area routine host plant, can effectively reduce plant disease, aleyrodid and beautiful
The breeding of aphid chalcid fly disease, reduces risk of these diseases in Encarsia formosa production, so as to improve breeding for Encarsia formosa
Efficiency.
3rd, the crop such as the more conventional tobacco of taro blade, tomato is smooth, and the Encarsia formosa bee pupa of formation can be carried out preferably
Blade and bee pupa separating treatment, are effectively facilitated the production of Encarsia formosa scale.
4th, by the mating system of above-mentioned Encarsia formosa, using Taro Seedling as host plant, with tomato, tobacco, eggplant
It is convenient cultivating and managing to be compared Deng crop.From basal part of stem to stem, top is sequentially distributed the blade of conventional host plant, and taro
Blade is concentrated mainly on stem top, and is distributed to surrounding and bends at top, therefore the blade surrounding of taro is ventilated more preferably,
It is unfavorable for pest and disease damage growth and breeding, disease resistance is strong.Secondly, taro is the plant of floods and droughts two, can be grown in land and water two places, management
Get up more more convenient than other host plants.In addition, taro is survived later substantially without applying liquid manure, even if in order to advantageously promote taro
Head seedling growth, also only needs to 10-15 days apply once, and routine host plant is not applied liquid manure and can dry up death, usual 3-5 days
Have to apply a liquid manure.
Specific embodiment
Technical solution of the present invention is illustrated for clearer, below in conjunction with skill of the specific embodiment to the present invention
Art scheme is further elaborated：
In a specific embodiment, there is provided a kind of Encarsia formosa mating system, comprise the following steps：(1) host
Aleyrodid produces：Aleyrodid worm kind is released to and breeds interior, with Taro Seedling as host plant, carried out aleyrodid and breed；(2) Encarsia formosa
Production：Interior is bred by what Encarsia formosa worm kind was released to step (1), Encarsia formosa is carried out and is bred；(3) when the powder on Taro Seedling
When lice nymph 60-70% becomes black bee pupa, bee pupa is gathered.
The beneficial effect of above-mentioned technical proposal is：
1st, Taro Seedling is adopted for host plant, taro blade is used to breed production Encarsia formosa, while not affecting taro ground
The results of lower bulb, so as to improve the economic benefit of host plant, overcome and breed host plant itself nothing after Encarsia formosa
Method produces again the problem of economic benefit.
2nd, taro can preferably breed aleyrodid, compared with the host plants such as conventional tobacco, tomato, be bred using taro
Encarsia formosa bee pupa insect density is big, concentration degree is high, improve Encarsia formosa breeds efficiency, shortens man-hour.And taro
Head has more preferable ventilation and penetrating light characteristic than this area routine host plant, can effectively reduce plant disease, aleyrodid and beautiful
The breeding of aphid chalcid fly disease, reduces risk of these diseases in Encarsia formosa production, so as to improve breeding for Encarsia formosa
Efficiency.
3rd, the crop such as the more conventional tobacco of taro blade, tomato is smooth, and the Encarsia formosa bee pupa of formation can be carried out preferably
Blade and bee pupa separating treatment, are effectively facilitated the production of Encarsia formosa scale.
4th, by the mating system of above-mentioned Encarsia formosa, using Taro Seedling as host plant, with tomato, tobacco, eggplant
It is convenient cultivating and managing to be compared Deng crop.From basal part of stem to stem, top is sequentially distributed the blade of conventional host plant, and taro
Blade is concentrated mainly on stem top, and is distributed to surrounding and bends at top, therefore the blade surrounding of taro is ventilated more preferably,
It is unfavorable for pest and disease damage growth and breeding, disease resistance is strong.Secondly, taro is the plant of floods and droughts two, can be grown in land and water two places, management
Get up more more convenient than other host plants.In addition, taro is survived later substantially without applying liquid manure, even if in order to advantageously promote taro
Head seedling growth, also only needs to 10-15 days apply once, and routine host plant is not applied liquid manure and can dry up death, usual 3-5 days
Have to apply a liquid manure.
Above-mentioned Taro Seedling, can pass through conventional method cultivation and obtain.Preferably, can be trained by the following method
Educate：The cultivation soil that thickness is 30-50 centimetre is spread in long 4 meters, wide 4 meters, high 2 meters interiors of breeding, fertilizer is admixed into cultivation
In soil, the amount of fertilizer is often to breed room 100KG；After carry out managing moisture in the soil trench digging, be 80 centimetres per moisture in the soil, open two ditches per moisture in the soil, ditch depth is
20-25 centimetre；Base manure is made in NPK to be applied ditch, often the room of breeding applies NPK 1KG；Base manure is mixed will after soil
Taro Seedling row is planted in dead furrow, and spacing in the rows of the Taro Seedling in ditch is 20 centimetres；Room surrounding and top will be bred with 80 mesh nylon wires
Covered, then by covered rearing with plastic film on the outside of nylon wire, then the top of room is bred outside plastic sheeting and covered sunshade net, poured
Sufficient root water；It is later every Taro Seedling to be watered once in 5-7 days, or taro seedling leaf starts to occur withering here to water, in taro
Seedling throws off sunshade net after surviving.Above-mentioned fertilizer is high-quality decomposed manure；NPK is N P and K NPK；
The white thickness of plastic sheeting is 0.08-0.15mm；Sunshade net shading rate is more than 70%.
Aleyrodid worm kind in the present invention is the conventional aleyrodid worm kind in this area, for example, with a large amount of greenhouse whiteflies or tobacco powder
Nit or the blade of larva；Encarsia formosa worm kind in the present invention is the conventional Encarsia formosa worm kind in this area, for example, with big
The blade of amount Encarsia formosa bee pupa.
Further, the kind of the Taro Seedling in above-mentioned steps (1) is the hair taro of high yield, disease resistance and strong stress resistance.
More specifically, can be in red taro, taro, nine taros, dragon's cave-stalactite cave morning taro, taro Nanjing, Lipu taro -2, Jinsha taro leaf, Foochow flower taros
Any one.
The crops such as conventional cigarette strain, tomato, eggplant are susceptible to the diseases such as powdery mildew, virosis in cultivating process, this
Production of the generation of a little diseases to Encarsia formosa causes certain restriction, in preferred technical scheme, using high yield, disease-resistant
Property, strong stress resistance hair taro kind be host plant, the disease of powdery mildew and virosis can be prevented effectively from, reduce these disease
Risk of the evil in Encarsia formosa production, that further improves Encarsia formosa breeds efficiency.
Further, in step (1), the preferred burst size of aleyrodid worm kind is every plant of Taro Seedling 50-100 head.
Aleyrodid completes generation breeding for about 15-20 days, and the aleyrodid worm kind of every plant of Taro Seedling release is excessive or very few, all can one
Determine the reproductive efficiency that aleyrodid is affected in degree.When the burst size of aleyrodid worm kind is in above-mentioned preferred scope, aleyrodid completes one
The back side of full whole taro blades can be uniformly distributed for the aleyrodid insect population produced after the breeding cycle, it is little so as to effectively improve beautiful aphid
The reproductive efficiency of honeybee, is easy to production management.
Further, in step (1), the temperature that aleyrodid breeds is 15-32 DEG C, and humidity is 20-70%.By by nylon wire
It is covered in and breeds room surrounding and top, then by covered rearing with plastic film on the outside of nylon wire, can simply and easily to breeding interior
Temperature and humidity carry out the control of relative poor, so as to being that the cultivation of Taro Seedling and the production of aleyrodid and Encarsia formosa are provided
Suitable condition.Further, before Taro Seedling is survived, and when breeding that fine day temperature is high during Encarsia formosa, may be used also
To breed ceiling portion covering sunshade net.
Further, in step (1), aleyrodid is bred to every plant of Taro Seedling averagely has aleyrodid insect population 8000-15000 heads.
Aleyrodid is bred after predetermined quantity, carries out breeding for next step Encarsia formosa.
Further, in step (2), the burst size of Encarsia formosa worm kind is every plant of Taro Seedling 200-500 head.Above-mentioned beautiful aphid
The burst size of chalcid fly worm kind mainly breeds the population number of the aleyrodid after terminating on Taro Seedling to determine according to aleyrodid.
Further, in step (2), Encarsia formosa worm kind is released to and is bred behind room, using NPK to taro
Seedling is topdressed.Topdressing can ensure that taro blade will not de- fertilizer be aging because nutriment is lacked, and prevent each age aleyrodid from escaping
Ease, breeding beneficial to Encarsia formosa；Simultaneously beneficial to the growth of taro later stage bulb.NPK has preferably physical
Shape, it is easy to use, while nutrient species is more, each nutrient can mutually promote utilization, promotes plant growth, volume increase, Small side effects.
Preferably, the topdressing amount of NPK is preferably every plant of Taro Seedling and applies the NPK 1KG that concentration is 5/1000ths.
Further, in step (2), Encarsia formosa worm kind is released to after breeding room 2-3 days, using Fluoxastrobin to breeding
The native surface of indoor and cultivation carries out disease prevention and control.Preferably, Fluoxastrobin is 250 g/l of Fluoxastrobin suspending agents, 1000 times of liquid.Numerous
Brood chamber and cultivation native surface sprinkling Fluoxastrobin are the generation of prevention and control taro disease and aleyrodid disease, such as taro anthracnose, withered
The diseases such as disease, epidemic disease.
Further, after step (3), also including step (4)：Using ethyl pleocidin to breeding indoor Taro Seedling
Surface carries out desinsection.Preferably, the Taro Seedling surface for breeding interior is sprayed using 6% ethyl pleocidin, 1500 times of liquid
Mist, elimination does not form the aleyrodid of Encarsia formosa, prevents and treats balance aleyrodid and taro late growing stage is impacted.
Further, after step (4), also including step (5)：More than 30 days after bee pupa collection, taro is harvested,
Cultivation soil being carried out after results to plough deeply, being applied fertilizer, reason moisture in the soil trench digging, base manure is mixed Taro Seedling row is planted in dead furrow after soil, repeat step
(1)-(3) carry out breeding for Encarsia formosa.
After bee pupa collection, taro continued growth to after 30 days, can start to harvest, it is also possible to continued growth, suitable
Time harvested.Preferably, harvest taro in, select underground bulb it is little and with blade as seedling, come moisture in the soil
Cultivate in ditch and survive, re-start breeding for Encarsia formosa, can so increase and breed room utilization rate, shorten Encarsia formosa and breed
In the cycle, lift economic benefit.For example, if using conventional taro, 1-2 Encarsia formosa can only be bred within 1 year, 1-2 is harvested
Secondary taro, causes the business efficiency of beautiful aphid small peak and taro relatively all low.And adopt underground bulb little and taro with blade
Used as seedling, Taro Seedling is survived soon, can just breed a collection of beautiful aphid small peak within average 2-3 month, can breed Encarsia formosa within 1 year
With harvest taro 4-5 time, greatly improve economic well-being of workers and staff.
In above-mentioned steps (4), it is preferred that it is long 4 meters, wide 4 meters, high 2 meters breed room, apply on the often room of breeding cultivation soil
50-100KG fertilizers.Preferably, above-mentioned base manure adopts NPK, and NPK is applied in ditch, carries out base manure and mixes
Soil.
The label of above-mentioned steps (1)-(5) is not used in the order for limiting each step in preparation method, each in method
Step, as long as in logic rationally, the order of each step can change；Also, can also include other not before and after each step
Affect the logical step of core concept of the present invention.
Above-mentioned specific embodiment is further illustrated below by embodiment, but is not therefore limited the present invention to described
Scope of embodiments among.The experimental technique of unreceipted actual conditions in the following example, conventionally and condition, or presses
Select according to catalogue.
In following embodiments, do not do material, the equipment for illustrating can directly be buied by commercial sources.
Embodiment 1
(1) material preparation is bred
Carry out breeding the preparation of material in the region for needing to produce Encarsia formosa, specifically include and breed (separate room between room 10
It is made up of long 4 meters, wide 4 meters, high 2.0 meters zinc-plated pipe supports)；Cultivation soil；High-quality decomposed manure；N P and K NPK；
High yield, disease resistance, the hair taro kind of strong stress resistance；The blade of a large amount of tobacco powder nits or larva is used as aleyrodid worm kind；With big
The blade of amount Encarsia formosa bee pupa is used as Encarsia formosa worm kind；80 mesh nylon wires；Plastic sheeting is 0.08mm for white thickness；Hide
Screened postive shading rate is 70%.
(2) taro is cultivated
The cultivation soil that thickness is 30 centimetres is spread interior is bred, 100KG fertilizers are admixed in cultivation soil.After managed
Moisture in the soil is ditched, and is 80 centimetres per moisture in the soil, and two ditches are opened per moisture in the soil, and ditch depth is 20 centimetres.Base manure is made in NPK to be applied ditch, per numerous
NPK 1KG is applied in the dead furrow of brood chamber, base manure is mixed Taro Seedling row is planted in dead furrow after soil, strain of the Taro Seedling in ditch
Away from for 20 centimetres.80 mesh nylon wires will be bred into room surrounding and top will be covered, then by covered rearing with plastic film outside nylon wire
Side, then the top of room is bred outside plastic sheeting cover sunshade net, after pour root water, later per watering to Taro Seedling within 5-7 days
Once, sunshade net is thrown off after Taro Seedling is survived.
(3) Encarsia formosa host aleyrodid production
After Taro Seedling is survived aleyrodid worm kind is released to breed and breed in room production, the average every plant of Taro Seedling of aleyrodid worm kind
50, production temperature 15-32 DEG C, humidity 20-70% are bred in holding, are bred to every plant of Taro Seedling and are averagely had aleyrodid population number
8000.
(4) Encarsia formosa production
Encarsia formosa worm kind is released to complete Encarsia formosa host aleyrodid production breed interior, Encarsia formosa worm kind is released
It is high-volume every plant of Taro Seedling 200.Taro Seedling is once topdressed afterwards, it is that every plant of Taro Seedling applies concentration for thousand that Taro Seedling topdresses
/ five NPK 1KG.After 2 days to raising breed it is interior adopt 250 g/l of Fluoxastrobin suspending agents, 1000 times of liquid, be sprayed on
Breed the generation of indoor surrounding and the native surface prevention and control taro of cultivation and aleyrodid disease.When the aleyrodid nymph 60% on taro blade becomes
Encarsia formosa bee pupa is formed into black be ready for the collection of Encarsia formosa worm pupa.
(5) Encarsia formosa worm pupa is collected
When the aleyrodid nymph 60% on taro blade becomes to form beautiful using scissors when black forms Encarsia formosa bee pupa
The taro blade of aphid chalcid fly bee pupa is cut, and the taro blade of Encarsia formosa bee pupa is positioned over the indoor placement of ventilation sunshade after cutting
Device is separated and collected after 24 hours using special bee pupa to process.Afterwards with 6% ethyl pleocidin, 1500 times of liquid to breeding interior
Taro plant surface sprayed, elimination does not form the aleyrodid of Encarsia formosa, after throw off sunshade net.
(6) taro harvests and is processed with continuous production
Taro is harvested breeding after indoor Encarsia formosa worm pupa is collected 30 days, taro is once cultivated after harvesting
Soil is ploughed deeply, often the room of breeding cultivation soil on apply 50KG fertilizers, after carry out manage moisture in the soil trench digging, do base in NPK to be applied ditch
Fertilizer, base manure is mixed Taro Seedling row is planted in dead furrow after soil, and continuing the above (3)-(5) step carries out Encarsia formosa production.
Embodiment 2
(1) material preparation is bred
Carry out breeding the preparation of material in the region for needing to produce Encarsia formosa, specifically include and breed (separate room between room 20
It is made up of long 4 meters, wide 4 meters, high 2.0 meters steelframes)；Cultivation soil；High-quality decomposed manure；N P and K NPK；High yield,
Disease resistance, the hair taro kind of strong stress resistance；The blade of a large amount of tobacco powder nits or larva is used as aleyrodid worm kind；With a large amount of beautiful aphids
The blade of chalcid fly bee pupa is used as Encarsia formosa worm kind；80 mesh nylon wires；Plastic sheeting is 0.15mm for white thickness；Sunshade net hides
Light rate is 80%.
(2) taro is cultivated
The cultivation soil that thickness is 50 centimetres is spread interior is bred, 100KG fertilizers are admixed in cultivation soil.After managed
Moisture in the soil is ditched, and is 80 centimetres per moisture in the soil, and two ditches are opened per moisture in the soil, and ditch depth is 25 centimetres.Base manure is made in NPK to be applied ditch, per numerous
NPK 1KG is applied in the dead furrow of brood chamber, base manure is mixed Taro Seedling row is planted in dead furrow after soil, strain of the Taro Seedling in ditch
Away from for 20 centimetres.80 mesh nylon wires will be bred into room surrounding and top will be covered, then by covered rearing with plastic film outside nylon wire
Side, then the top of room is bred outside plastic sheeting cover sunshade net, after pour root water, later taro seedling leaf starts to occur withering
Here water once, after Taro Seedling is survived sunshade net is thrown off.
(3) Encarsia formosa host aleyrodid production
After Taro Seedling is survived aleyrodid worm kind is released to breed and breed in room production, the average every plant of Taro Seedling of aleyrodid worm kind
100, production temperature 15-32 DEG C, humidity 20-70% are bred in holding, are bred to every plant of Taro Seedling and are averagely had aleyrodid insect population number
Amount 15000.
(4) Encarsia formosa production
Encarsia formosa worm kind is released to complete Encarsia formosa host aleyrodid production breed interior, Encarsia formosa worm kind is released
It is high-volume every plant of Taro Seedling 500.Taro Seedling is once topdressed afterwards, it is that every plant of Taro Seedling applies concentration for thousand that Taro Seedling topdresses
/ five NPK 1KG.After 3 days to raising breed it is interior adopt 250 g/l of Fluoxastrobin suspending agents, 1000 times of liquid, be sprayed on
Breed the generation of indoor surrounding and the native surface prevention and control taro of cultivation and aleyrodid disease.When the aleyrodid nymph 70% on taro blade becomes
Encarsia formosa bee pupa is formed into black be ready for the collection of Encarsia formosa worm pupa.
(5) Encarsia formosa worm pupa is collected
When the aleyrodid nymph 70% on taro blade becomes to form beautiful using scissors when black forms Encarsia formosa bee pupa
The taro blade of aphid chalcid fly bee pupa is cut, and the taro blade of Encarsia formosa bee pupa is positioned over the indoor placement of ventilation sunshade after cutting
Device is separated and collected after 24 hours using special bee pupa to process.Afterwards with 6% ethyl pleocidin, 1500 times of liquid to breeding interior
Taro plant surface sprayed, elimination does not form the aleyrodid of Encarsia formosa, after throw off sunshade net.
(6) taro harvests and is processed with continuous production
Taro is harvested breeding after indoor Encarsia formosa worm pupa is collected 30 days, taro is once cultivated after harvesting
Soil is ploughed deeply, often the room of breeding cultivation soil on apply 100KG fertilizers, after carry out manage moisture in the soil trench digging, do in NPK to be applied ditch
Base manure, base manure is mixed Taro Seedling row is planted in dead furrow after soil, and continuing the above (3)-(5) step carries out Encarsia formosa production.
Embodiment 3
(1) material preparation is bred
Carry out breeding the preparation of material in the region for needing to produce Encarsia formosa, specifically include and breed (separate room between room 10
It is made up of long 4 meters, wide 4 meters, high 2.0 meters zinc-plated pipe supports)；Cultivation soil；High-quality decomposed manure；N P and K NPK；
High yield, disease resistance, the hair taro kind of strong stress resistance；The blade of a large amount of greenhouse whitefly ovum or larva is used as aleyrodid worm kind；Carry
The blade of a large amount of Encarsia formosa bee pupas is used as Encarsia formosa worm kind；80 mesh nylon wires；Plastic sheeting is 0.08mm for white thickness；
Sunshade net shading rate is 70%.
(2) taro is cultivated
The cultivation soil that thickness is 30 centimetres is spread interior is bred, 100KG fertilizers are admixed in cultivation soil.After managed
Moisture in the soil is ditched, and is 80 centimetres per moisture in the soil, and two ditches are opened per moisture in the soil, and ditch depth is 20 centimetres.Base manure is made in NPK to be applied ditch, per numerous
NPK 1KG is applied in the dead furrow of brood chamber, base manure is mixed Taro Seedling row is planted in dead furrow after soil, strain of the Taro Seedling in ditch
Away from for 20 centimetres.80 mesh nylon wires will be bred into room surrounding and top will be covered, then by covered rearing with plastic film outside nylon wire
Side, then the top of room is bred outside plastic sheeting cover sunshade net, after pour root water, later per watering to Taro Seedling within 5-7 days
Once, sunshade net is thrown off after Taro Seedling is survived.
(3) Encarsia formosa host aleyrodid production
After Taro Seedling is survived aleyrodid worm kind is released to breed and breed in room production, the average every plant of Taro Seedling of aleyrodid worm kind
40, production temperature 15-32 DEG C, humidity 20-70% are bred in holding, are bred to every plant of Taro Seedling and are averagely had aleyrodid population number
8000.
(4) Encarsia formosa production
Encarsia formosa worm kind is released to complete Encarsia formosa host aleyrodid production breed interior, Encarsia formosa worm kind is released
It is high-volume every plant of Taro Seedling 180.Taro Seedling is once topdressed afterwards, it is that every plant of Taro Seedling applies concentration for thousand that Taro Seedling topdresses
/ five NPK 1KG.After 2 days to raising breed it is interior adopt 250 g/l of Fluoxastrobin suspending agents, 1000 times of liquid, be sprayed on
Breed the generation of indoor surrounding and the native surface prevention and control taro of cultivation and aleyrodid disease.When the aleyrodid nymph 65% on taro blade becomes
Encarsia formosa bee pupa is formed into black be ready for the collection of Encarsia formosa worm pupa.
(5) Encarsia formosa worm pupa is collected
When the aleyrodid nymph 65% on taro blade becomes to form beautiful using scissors when black forms Encarsia formosa bee pupa
The taro blade of aphid chalcid fly bee pupa is cut, and the taro blade of Encarsia formosa bee pupa is positioned over the indoor placement of ventilation sunshade after cutting
Device is separated and collected after 24 hours using special bee pupa to process.Afterwards with 6% ethyl pleocidin, 1500 times of liquid to breeding interior
Taro plant surface sprayed, elimination does not form the aleyrodid of Encarsia formosa, after throw off sunshade net.
(6) taro harvests and is processed with continuous production
Taro is harvested breeding after indoor Encarsia formosa worm pupa is collected 30 days, taro is once cultivated after harvesting
Soil is ploughed deeply, often the room of breeding cultivation soil on apply 50KG fertilizers, after carry out manage moisture in the soil trench digging, do base in NPK to be applied ditch
Fertilizer, base manure is mixed Taro Seedling row is planted in dead furrow after soil, and continuing the above (3)-(5) step carries out Encarsia formosa production.
Embodiment 4
(1) material preparation is bred
Carry out breeding the preparation of material in the region for needing to produce Encarsia formosa, specifically include and breed (separate room between room 10
It is made up of long 4 meters, wide 4 meters, high 2.0 meters zinc-plated pipe supports)；Cultivation soil；High-quality decomposed manure；N P and K NPK；
High yield, disease resistance, the hair taro kind of strong stress resistance；The blade of a large amount of tobacco powder nits or larva is used as aleyrodid worm kind；With big
The blade of amount Encarsia formosa bee pupa is used as Encarsia formosa worm kind；80 mesh nylon wires；Plastic sheeting is 0.08mm for white thickness；Hide
Screened postive shading rate is 70%.
(2) taro is cultivated
The cultivation soil that thickness is 30 centimetres is spread interior is bred, 100KG fertilizers are admixed in cultivation soil.After managed
Moisture in the soil is ditched, and is 80 centimetres per moisture in the soil, and two ditches are opened per moisture in the soil, and ditch depth is 20 centimetres.Base manure is made in NPK to be applied ditch, per numerous
NPK 1KG is applied in the dead furrow of brood chamber, base manure is mixed Taro Seedling row is planted in dead furrow after soil, strain of the Taro Seedling in ditch
Away from for 20 centimetres.80 mesh nylon wires will be bred into room surrounding and top will be covered, then by covered rearing with plastic film outside nylon wire
Side, then the top of room is bred outside plastic sheeting cover sunshade net, after pour root water, later per watering to Taro Seedling within 5-7 days
Once, sunshade net is thrown off after Taro Seedling is survived.
(3) Encarsia formosa host aleyrodid production
After Taro Seedling is survived aleyrodid worm kind is released to breed and breed in room production, the average every plant of Taro Seedling of aleyrodid worm kind
120, production temperature 15-32 DEG C, humidity 20-70% are bred in holding, are bred to every plant of Taro Seedling and are averagely had aleyrodid insect population number
Amount 8000.
(4) Encarsia formosa production
Encarsia formosa worm kind is released to complete Encarsia formosa host aleyrodid production breed interior, Encarsia formosa worm kind is released
It is high-volume every plant of Taro Seedling 550.Taro Seedling is once topdressed afterwards, it is that every plant of Taro Seedling applies concentration for thousand that Taro Seedling topdresses
/ five NPK 1KG.After 2 days to raising breed it is interior adopt 250 g/l of Fluoxastrobin suspending agents, 1000 times of liquid, be sprayed on
Breed the generation of indoor surrounding and the native surface prevention and control taro of cultivation and aleyrodid disease.When the aleyrodid nymph 70% on taro blade becomes
Encarsia formosa bee pupa is formed into black be ready for the collection of Encarsia formosa worm pupa.
(5) Encarsia formosa worm pupa is collected
When the aleyrodid nymph 70% on taro blade becomes to form beautiful using scissors when black forms Encarsia formosa bee pupa
The taro blade of aphid chalcid fly bee pupa is cut, and the taro blade of Encarsia formosa bee pupa is positioned over the indoor placement of ventilation sunshade after cutting
Device is separated and collected after 24 hours using special bee pupa to process.Afterwards with 6% ethyl pleocidin, 1500 times of liquid to breeding interior
Taro plant surface sprayed, elimination does not form the aleyrodid of Encarsia formosa, after throw off sunshade net.
(6) taro harvests and is processed with continuous production
Taro is harvested breeding after indoor Encarsia formosa worm pupa is collected 40 days, taro is once cultivated after harvesting
Soil is ploughed deeply, often the room of breeding cultivation soil on apply 50KG fertilizers, after carry out manage moisture in the soil trench digging, do base in NPK to be applied ditch
Fertilizer, base manure is mixed Taro Seedling row is planted in dead furrow after soil, and continuing the above (3)-(5) step carries out Encarsia formosa production.
Comparative example 1
(1) tobacco is cultivated
Select flue-cured tobacco carries out nursery as host plant kind, carry out in room potted plant to breeding by the seedling transplanting of incubation,
Cultivate 30 days, it is standby after flue-cured tobacco grows 9～12 true leaves.
(2) Encarsia formosa host aleyrodid production
Aleyrodid worm kind is released to breed and breed in room production, life is bred in the average every plant of flue-cured tobacco 100 of aleyrodid worm kind, holding
Temperature 15-32 DEG C, humidity 20-70% are produced, reinforcement carries out suitable water and fertilizer management to host plant, breeds by 5 days and is planted to host
Thing sprays one time 25% 1000 times of liquid sterilizing disease-preventings of carbendazim, continues to breed 10 days, averagely has until breeding to every plant of flue-cured tobacco
There is aleyrodid population number 15000.
(3) Encarsia formosa production
Encarsia formosa worm kind is released to complete Encarsia formosa host aleyrodid production breed interior, Encarsia formosa worm kind is released
It is high-volume every plant of tobacco 500.Flue-cured tobacco is once topdressed afterwards, it is that every plant of flue-cured tobacco applies concentration for 5/1000ths that flue-cured tobacco topdresses
NPK 1KG.After 3 days to raising breed it is interior adopt 250 g/l of Fluoxastrobin suspending agents, 1000 times of liquid, be sprayed on and breed interior
The generation of surrounding and the native surface prevention and control tobacco of cultivation and aleyrodid disease.When the aleyrodid nymph 70% on Flue-cured becomes black shape
Encarsia formosa worm pupa is ready for into Encarsia formosa bee pupa to collect.
(4) Encarsia formosa worm pupa is collected
When the aleyrodid nymph 70% on Flue-cured becomes to form beautiful using scissors when black forms Encarsia formosa bee pupa
The Flue-cured of aphid chalcid fly bee pupa is cut, and the Flue-cured of Encarsia formosa bee pupa is positioned over the indoor placement of ventilation sunshade after cutting
Device is separated and collected after 24 hours using special bee pupa to process.
Comparative example 2
(1) tomato is cultivated
Select tomato carries out nursery as host plant kind, carry out in room potted plant to breeding by the seedling transplanting of incubation,
Cultivate 30 days, it is standby after tomato grows 9～12 true leaves.
(4) Encarsia formosa host aleyrodid production
Aleyrodid worm kind is released to breed and breed in room production, life is bred in the average every plant of tomato 100 of aleyrodid worm kind, holding
Temperature 15-32 DEG C, humidity 20-70% are produced, reinforcement carries out suitable water and fertilizer management to host plant, breeds by 5 days and is planted to host
Thing sprays one time 25% 1000 times of liquid sterilizing disease-preventings of carbendazim, continues to breed 10 days, averagely has until breeding to every plant of tomato
There is aleyrodid population number 15000.
(5) Encarsia formosa production
Encarsia formosa worm kind is released to complete Encarsia formosa host aleyrodid production breed interior, Encarsia formosa worm kind is released
It is high-volume every plant of tomato 500.Tomato is once topdressed afterwards, it is that every plant of tomato applies concentration for 5/1000ths that tomato is topdressed
NPK 1KG.After 3 days to raising breed it is interior adopt 250 g/l of Fluoxastrobin suspending agents, 1000 times of liquid, be sprayed on and breed interior
The generation of surrounding and the native surface prevention and control tomato of cultivation and aleyrodid disease.When the aleyrodid nymph 70% on tomato leaf becomes black shape
Encarsia formosa worm pupa is ready for into Encarsia formosa bee pupa to collect.
(4) Encarsia formosa worm pupa is collected
When the aleyrodid nymph 70% on tomato leaf becomes to form beautiful using scissors when black forms Encarsia formosa bee pupa
The tomato leaf of aphid chalcid fly bee pupa is cut, and the tomato leaf of Encarsia formosa bee pupa is positioned over the indoor placement of ventilation sunshade after cutting
Device is separated and collected after 24 hours using special bee pupa to process.
Comparative example 3
(1) sweet potato is cultivated
Select sweet potato carries out nursery as host plant kind, carry out in room potted plant to breeding by the seedling transplanting of incubation,
Cultivate 40 days, it is standby after sweet potato grows 9～12 true leaves.
(6) Encarsia formosa host aleyrodid production
Aleyrodid worm kind is released to breed and breed in room production, life is bred in the average every plant of sweet potato 100 of aleyrodid worm kind, holding
Temperature 15-32 DEG C, humidity 20-70% are produced, reinforcement carries out suitable water and fertilizer management to host plant, breeds by 5 days and is planted to host
Thing sprays one time 25% 1000 times of liquid sterilizing disease-preventings of carbendazim, continues to breed 10 days, averagely has until breeding to every plant of sweet potato
There is aleyrodid population number 15000.
(7) Encarsia formosa production
Encarsia formosa worm kind is released to complete Encarsia formosa host aleyrodid production breed interior, Encarsia formosa worm kind is released
It is high-volume every plant of sweet potato 500.Sweet potato is once topdressed afterwards, it is that every plant of sweet potato applies concentration for 5/1000ths that sweet potato is topdressed
NPK 1KG.After 3 days to raising breed it is interior adopt 250 g/l of Fluoxastrobin suspending agents, 1000 times of liquid, be sprayed on and breed interior
The generation of surrounding and the native surface prevention and control sweet potato of cultivation and aleyrodid disease.When the aleyrodid nymph 70% on Sweet Potato Leaf becomes black shape
Encarsia formosa worm pupa is ready for into Encarsia formosa bee pupa to collect.
(4) Encarsia formosa worm pupa is collected
When the aleyrodid nymph 70% on Sweet Potato Leaf becomes to form beautiful using scissors when black forms Encarsia formosa bee pupa
The Sweet Potato Leaf of aphid chalcid fly bee pupa is cut, and the Sweet Potato Leaf of Encarsia formosa bee pupa is positioned over the indoor placement of ventilation sunshade after cutting
Device is separated and collected after 24 hours using special bee pupa to process.
By the diseased plant rate of host plant in embodiment 1-2 and comparative example 1-3, the reproductive efficiency of Encarsia formosa and man-hour,
And the income outside Encarsia formosa is counted, as a result as shown in table 1.
Table 1
As seen from Table 1, with tobacco, tomato, sweet potato as host plant, the disease rate of host is far above Taro Seedling, and numerous
Efficiency is educated far below Taro Seedling, and the man-hour for producing same amount of Encarsia formosa is about 1.5-4 times using Taro Seedling, in addition
During using tobacco, tomato, plant itself can not again produce economic benefit, and during using sweet potato, the benefit that plant itself produces is relatively low.
Inventor analyzes its reason, it is believed that mainly due to Sweet Potato Leaf is little and mutual covering, be not easy to Encarsia formosa spawning, and sweet
The blade gas permeability of potato is poor, and insect pest is relatively serious, and so as to cause, Encarsia formosa reproductive efficiency is low, sweet potato harvest benefit is low.
Finally it should be noted that：Various embodiments above only to help understand technical scheme and core concept,
Rather than a limitation；Although being described in detail to the present invention with reference to foregoing embodiments, the ordinary skill people of this area
Member should be understood：It still can modify to the technical scheme described in foregoing embodiments, or to which part or
Person's all technical characteristic carries out equivalent, and these modifications or replacement also fall into the protection domain of the claims in the present invention
It is interior.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of Encarsia formosa mating system, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
(1) host aleyrodid production：Aleyrodid worm kind is released to and breeds interior, with Taro Seedling as host plant, carried out aleyrodid and breed；
(2) Encarsia formosa production：Interior is bred by what Encarsia formosa worm kind was released to step (1), Encarsia formosa is carried out and is bred；
(3) when the aleyrodid nymph 60-70% on Taro Seedling becomes black bee pupa, bee pupa is gathered.
2. Encarsia formosa mating system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the kind of the Taro Seedling in step (1)
For the hair taro of high yield, disease resistance and strong stress resistance.
3. Encarsia formosa mating system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in step (1), the release of aleyrodid worm kind
Amount is every plant of Taro Seedling 50-100 head.
4. Encarsia formosa mating system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in step (1), the temperature that aleyrodid breeds
For 15-32 DEG C, humidity is 20-70%.
5. Encarsia formosa mating system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in step (1), aleyrodid is bred to per plant
Taro Seedling averagely has aleyrodid insect population 8000-15000 heads.
6. Encarsia formosa mating system according to claim 5, it is characterised in that in step (2), Encarsia formosa worm kind
Burst size is every plant of Taro Seedling 200-500 head.
7. Encarsia formosa mating system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in step (2), by Encarsia formosa worm kind
It is released to and breeds behind room, Taro Seedling is topdressed using NPK.
8. Encarsia formosa mating system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in step (2), by Encarsia formosa worm kind
It is released to after breeding room 2-3 days, disease prevention and control is carried out to breeding the native surface of indoor and cultivation using Fluoxastrobin.
9. Encarsia formosa mating system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that after step (3), also including step
(4)：Desinsection is carried out to the Taro Seedling surface for breeding interior using ethyl pleocidin.
10. Encarsia formosa mating system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that after step (4), also including step
(5)：More than 30 days after bee pupa collection, taro is harvested, cultivation soil is carried out after results and is ploughed deeply, applied fertilizer, reason moisture in the soil trench digging, base manure
Mix soil, from harvest taro in filter out underground bulb it is little and with blade Taro Seedling row be planted in dead furrow, repeat step (1)-
(3) breeding for Encarsia formosa is carried out.
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| CN107926868A (en) * | 2017-12-12 | 2018-04-20 | 吉林农业大学 | A kind of method that Encarsia formosa is largely bred for host plant based on yacon |
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