CN104160949A - Method for breeding hybrid rice Kaiyou 18 - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for breeding hybrid rice Kaiyou 18. The method comprises the following steps: by taking two series of sterile line Kai 06S as female parents and Huaihui 9817 as a male parent, performing hybrid seed production, and obtaining a new species Kaiyou 18. According to the method for breeding hybrid rice Kaiyou 18, the two series of sterile line Kai 06S with large ears, more grains, stronger tillering ability and excellent rice quality are taken as female parents, Huaihui 9817 with large ears, more grains, stronger tillering ability, excellent rice quality, dwarf stem, thick and strong stalk and early maturity is taken as a male parent, and finally the Kaiyou 18 with the advantages of high yield, high quality, high resistance and moderate growth period is bred.

Description

A kind of hybrid rice is opened the selection of excellent No. 18

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of selection of hybrid rice, particularly relate to a kind of hybrid rice and open the selection of excellent No. 18.

Background technology

Hybrid vigour is the universal phenomenon of biosphere, and the yield and quality that utilizes hybrid vigour to improve crops is one of Main Achievements of modern agriculture science.Paddy rice has obvious hybrid vigour phenomenon, is mainly manifested in growth vigorous, well developed root system, and big panicle many grains per panicle, the aspects such as strong stress resistance, therefore, utilize the hybrid vigour of paddy rice is the hope that breeding man is dreamed of to increase substantially rice yield always.But now most research all concentrates on high yield, has solved the problem yielding poorly, but quality do not improve up, wants to improve quality and just must pay larger manpower and materials, cannot reach the object of high yield.Along with the raising of people's living standard, people have not only been satisfied with the meal of having enough, and more pursue the quality of paddy rice.Current Hybrid Rice Varieties is various, but has problems, and most of kinds are high and unexcellent often, or excellent and not high, or breeding time is partially long, and real Ji Feng, the kind that resists, is better than one are few.Therefore the hybrid rice new varieties that, how to select high yield, high-quality, resistance, moderate growth duration are difficult problems always.

Summary of the invention

The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide the hybrid rice new varieties of a kind of high yield, high-quality, resistance, moderate growth duration and opens the selection of excellent No. 18.

Hybrid rice is opened the selection of excellent No. 18, opens 06S as maternal taking two-line sterile line, and hybrid seeding is carried out for male parent in Huaihe River extensive 9817, obtains new varieties and opens excellent No. 18.

Hybrid rice of the present invention is opened the selection of excellent No. 18, and it is taking Guangzhan 63S as maternal that wherein said two-line sterile line is opened 06S, with yellow Hua Zhanwei male parent, and the stable two-line sterile line of sterility obtaining through the continuous screening in 4 years 7 generations.

Hybrid rice of the present invention is opened the selection of excellent No. 18, wherein said Huaihe River extensive 9817 be taking in extensive 9308 as maternal, WH26 is that paternal hybrid seed selection forms.

Hybrid rice of the present invention is opened the selection of excellent No. 18, and it comprises the steps:

(1) field design: railway carriage or compartment is wide 60 cun, row is than 1: 12,5.5 cun of male parent spacing in the rows, mu is planted 0.2 ten thousand caves, and cave Basic Seedling is more than 10,4 × 4 cun of maternal seeding row spacings, mu is planted 3.4 ten thousand left and right, caves, 6 of cave Basic Seedlings, every mu of Basic Seedling is more than 200,000;

(2) parent's date of seeding, broadcast the arrangement of inserting phase and heading flowering period;

(3) nursery period management:

The selection of rice shoot: male parent is selected length of time rice seedlings grow 30-35 days, leaf age 8.3-8.8 leaf, seedling is short strong solid, and leaf is delicate and pretty does not hang down loosely, healthy and strong anosis, and the neat white root of growth is many, 10 above rice shoots of individual plant stem tiller; Female parent selection length of time rice seedlings grow 16-22 days, leaf age 5.5-7 leaf, delicate and pretty anosis, growth neat and consistent, the flat Pu of base portion, short white root is many, 3 above rice shoots of individual plant stem tiller;

Seedling raising method: two phases of male parent are all carried out two sections of seedling, the maternal water-raised seedling that adopts;

Mu sowing quantity: male parent 0.5kg, maternal 2kg;

Rice seedling bed area: male parent seedbed 1-1.5m ²/ mu, posts and plants 3 lis of ground of first phase; Maternal 1.5 points of ground/mus;

Seeding quantity: male parent is 10 kgs/acre, female parent is 15 kgs/acre;

Rice seedling bed makes: the seedbed gating wind direction sun of male parent, the place that is not subject to domestic birds and animals harm, length and width are fixed according to film and production of hybrid seeds area, even the old film of paving out, above put the pond sludge 2-3cm that becomes thoroughly decomposed, preferably every square metre spread Furadan band at the bottom of; Male parent base manure requires in flakes, concentrates plot water conservation, and winter ploughing is frozen and cut down, and turns over for the last time, head executes 3000 pounds/acre of well-rotted farmyard manures, does Qi Qian Mu Shi50Jin composite fertilizer wholely, and 20 jin of urea, accomplish whole layer placement of fertilizer, mu, with at the bottom of 4 jin of Furadan bands, is as the criterion with water, and furrow face is done flat; Maternal base manure: every mu with 3000 jin of well-rotted farmyard manures, 50 jin of three element compound fertilizers, 50 jin, carbonic hydroammonium, accomplishes whole layer placement of fertilizer, and rice seedling bed and seed farm irrigation and drainage are at the lower mouth of a river by ditch, and mu, with at the bottom of 4 jin of Furadan bands, is prevented and treated Lissorhoptrus oryzophilus Kuschel, rice thrips damage by disease and insect;

Seed soaking: 60 hours seed-soaking time of male parent, want duty to change water during this time; Maternal seed adopts the intermittently seed soaking of inner wrapping running water of 10 jin, and day soaks the night dew 2 day time totally;

Vernalization: the seed of male parent is washed in a pan clean with clear water, use green grass vernalization: green grass is filled in a round-bottomed basket, seed is placed on to the centre of round-bottomed basket, 24 hours broken chests, then according to dry long root, the wet principle sprouting, reconciles radical bud length, and green grass continues to heat up, after 24 hours, need burring cooling, prevent from burning bud; The maternal cool bud of seed normal temperature moisturizing one day is sowed after all breaking chest;

Sowing: the seed of male parent is by one mu of production of hybrid seeds 1-1.5m ²requirement make seedbed, uniform broadcasting, does not press paddy or gently presses paddy, lid fine earth, cannot see husk as standard, then covers a small amount of ash, pond sludge can not be crossed rare and have ponding; Maternal seed is by rice seedling bed area, and seed amount, divides kind by furrow, and point railway carriage or compartment is even to be broadcast, and presses paddy while broadcasting, and cannot see husk as standard, furrow face can not have ponding;

Seedbed management with post seedling: male parent: take the shed that 50cm is high, first three day do not leak informaton, as too high in fine day temperature of shed, in the appropriate straw cooling of film upper cover, enter bed the 4th day, grass need be gone to leak informaton to the greatest extent, in conjunction with watering, 1 leaf 1 heart connects film hardening, and 1.5 leaves start to post cultivation, has posted 2 leaf left and right, posts and plant 3 × 3 cun of density, R1 individual plant, cultivation is posted in the two strains of R2, cultivation is posted in rice seedling bed not whole two strains of water conservation, and while posting cultivation, furrow face is anhydrous, furrow ditch full water;

Young plants management: male parent is planted latter three days multiple shallow waters, mu chases after 10 jin, urea, topdress to send out by blade chases after four times later altogether, and R2 chases after once less, and while posting cultivation, furrow face is anhydrous, within three days, answering afterwards shallow water topdresses, after topdressing, at least keep three days above water layers at every turn, leaf with joy, 3 leaf after dates keep shallow water continuous, want prevention and elimination of disease and pests seedling stage, in conjunction with the weeding of weeding the fields; Female parent keeps furrow face moistening before 3 leaf phases, furrow ditch has water, guarantee male parent is normally turned green, before and after vertical pin, as furrow face cracking adopts filling horse race water noon, 3 leaf after date flower water are continuous, and 1 leaf 1 heart is filled with shallow water and chased after fertile for the first time, 10 jin of urea/mus, 2 leaf 1 hearts chase after fertile 15 pounds/acre for the second time, use 15-20 gram of paclobutrazol single spraying female parent the previous day of topdressing for the first time, prevention and elimination of disease and pests simultaneously;

(4) Honda is transplanted:

Honda site preparation and fertilization: male parent is robbed cultivated stubble-cleaning, pours water in time, revolves and rakes, and 10 jin of Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium of every mu of use add 15 jin of carbon ammoniums by railway carriage or compartment wide bracing wire trench digging deep placement; The maternal 100 jin of special fertilizers of first three day every mu of use of transplanting, deeply dig an animal-drawn seed plough and put down;

Plant specification: male parent railway carriage or compartment is wide 60 cun, 5.5 cun of spacing in the rows, 33 cultivations, Basic Seedling is inserted more than 10 in cave, more than mu is inserted 0.2 ten thousand caves, there is deep water in field, and the morning, straw mat seedling was planted afternoon, do not wash mud, plant railway carriage or compartment wide consistent, density is even, and edge sealing is wanted at edge, cross-peen is planted 2-3 strain first phase male parent, pulls up seedlings and rejects special-shaped strain and diseased plant; Female parent is removed male parent line-spacing, then removes 6 cun of sunny slopes, and 7 cun of opacos are inserted 12 row altogether, 4 × 4 cun of actual distances between rows and hills, and mu is planted 3.4 ten thousand caves, and every cave is no less than 6 Basic Seedlings, and every mu of Basic Seedling is more than 200,000; The rice transplanting of maternal fine day shallow water, cloudy day flower water cutting seedling, anhydrous rice transplanting of rainy day, rice transplanting requires shallow, straight, even, does not insert seedling overnight, pulls up seedlings and rejects special-shaped strain and diseased plant;

(5) Honda field management:

Fertilising: male parent is preferably executed ball fertilizer for 3-5 days one time after planting, with each 5 jin of urea, phosphate fertilizer, potassium chloride, adds 30-40 jin fine earth, makes stiff mud piece, directly distributes equally and fills in male parent in the ranks; Maternal cultivation latter 5 days, 20 jin, urea for mu, Parent completely spreads, and no longer topdresses, and six phases of ear differentiation see seedling is mended and execute fringe granulated fertilizer urea 5-8 jin, add each 10 jin of general phosphorus, potassium chloride;

The extermination of disease and insect pest: the early tillering stage adopts pyrrole worm woods to control rice thrips, and mid or late July is carried out integrated control;

(6) prediction of flowering period and adjustment:

Forecasting Methodology: check male parent mid-July, at the beginning of the last ten-days period, check female parent, or with fringe phase beginning in rainy season push away forward within one month, start stripping look into, rule of thumb, see the seedling frame of Parent, the jointing situation of male parent judges colored chance situation then; Method is looked in the stripping of children's fringe, and the remaining number of sheets of male parent is in the time of 2.8-3 leaf, and now ear differentiation can obviously see that in the second phase starting stripping looks into, calculates to beginning fringe number of days, calculates the remaining number of days of maternal duration from seeding to heading, and judgement flower chance situation adopts this method, and sampling is the stem of first phase;

Flower chance standard: before three phases, the large maternal first phase of male parent, five, six phase Parents maintain an equal level, final maternal than the Zao fringe 1-2 days that begins of male parent;

Regulation florescence method: take aggregate measures, to urge as main, the method of short control combination, the combination of one or more in employing following methods: water is short, phosphorus potassium is short, before three phases, fills with 2 cun of above deep water 7-10 days to field, make the male parent fringe that begins in advance, singly partially execute phosphorus potash fertilizer or sprayed KH every three days to a certain parent ₂pO ₄once, continuous more than three times, fringe in advance also can begin; Drought control, nitrogen control, before the fourth phase, roasting this deferrable of old farmer heading, gave the inclined to one side nitrogen fertilizer application of parent early before three phases; Hormone regulating and controlling: seven end of term sprayed low concentration 920 to slow parent ears it in advance;

(7) heading flowering period management:

Cut leaf: according to maternal stem then and the growth differences of tillering, arrange to cut leaf late early, general growth is neat, ears fireballing, and leaf is cut in heading 5%, and cutting leaf can not be too heavy, and sword-like leave will stay 7-8cm;

Anti-assorted pure keeping: before cutting leaf, male parent will be removed special-shaped strain line by line, the female parent high-rise fringe of all not luxuriant stems in the ranks while cutting leaf, connects root complete stool and cuts off, and uses before hormone, before garland every day, pull out female parent chrysanthemum medicine and polliniferous hybrid strain in the ranks, before harvesting, remove and once omit hybrid strain line by line again;

Use hormone: the morning, dew was done to the hormotone that adopts " GA " hormone or employing " GA " hormone and Hua Tiaoling before blooming, hormone application total amount is 20-30 gram, while adopting " GA " hormone, the index of earing for the first time 5-10% mu is with 10 grams, the index of earing is for the second time more than 20%, 10-15 gram for mu, mends 5-10 gram for the third time as the case may be;

Artificial supplementary pollination: pollinate for the first time and open grain husk with female parent and be as the criterion, have pollen to be as the criterion with male parent later, catch emphatically the pollination of the loose powder peak period of male parent; Method: catch up with the plastic ties of powder or 0.4cm to draw powder with bamboo pole; Principle: in heavy of early stage, the later stage gently draws or oblique pull, and wind is little to be drawn soon, and wind draws greatly slowly, draws against wind, and full-bloom stage is no less than 5 times/day;

The extermination of disease and insect pest: Parent carries out an integrated control before cutting leaf, control ear stem pest, garland finishes KH of rear spray ₂pO ₄add triadimefon, later stage control rice fulgorid;

(8) During Grain-filling:

Water starch management: there is water to grow flower, dry wet strong seed, the later stage can not cut off the water supply too early;

Spray leaf fertilizer: the pustulation period sprays and once likes the good-looking nutrition of the favourable full seed color and luster of seedling or generation seedling or other, and prevents and treats rice fulgorid, ear stem pest, the insect pest of grain seasonal febrile diseases;

Results in good time: the grain Calusena lansium that maternal pollination finishes 18-20 days or maternal high-rise fringe is following, firmly squeeze not pulp and can gather in, use thresher threshing, be strictly on guard against the seed of running over and injure, to dry in time, storage will singly be piled singly and put.

Hybrid rice of the present invention is opened the selection of excellent No. 18, and the new varieties of its acquisition are opened the cultivation method of excellent No. 18 and comprised the steps:

(A) the strong seedling of light seeding: light seeding is even to be broadcast, adopts water to educate or drought is educated, and rice seedling bed seeding quantity 12.5kg cultivates the strong seedling of many tillers;

(B) begin sowing in good time: the sowing by the end of April, at the beginning of 5 months, the length of time rice seedlings grow is 30-35 days;

(C) rational close planted: seeding row spacing is 5 × 7 cun, mu cave number is 1.7-1.8 ten thousand, every cave plants 1-2 grain seed seedling, every mu of Basic Seedling 7-8 ten thousand;

(D) apply fertilizers scientifically: mu is executed the fertile 15kg of N, NPK is fertile to be coordinated, and wherein the ratio of NPK fertilizer is 1: 0.5: 0.6;

(E) diseases and pests controlling: the vertical snout moth's larva of control in time, striped rice borer, rice fulgorid, false smut damage by disease and insect.

Hybrid rice of the present invention is opened the selection difference from prior art of excellent No. 18 and is: hybrid rice of the present invention is opened the selection of excellent No. 18 and adopted big panicle many grains per panicle, tillering ability two-line sterile line strong, good grain quality to open 06S for maternal, big panicle many grains per panicle, tillering ability are strong, good grain quality, plant is short, stalk is sturdy, ripe Huaihe River extensive 9817 is early male parent, make its group gas-mixing hybridization, final seed selection becomes that Feng You has both, the opening excellent No. 18 of moderate growth duration.

The hybrid rice that the present invention obtains is opened excellent No. 18 bud scales, leaf sheath green; The 2 leaf blades that fall are long, and leaf look light green, and tip of a leaf white two is split shape, and blade tip and stem angle are upright; Sword-like leave blade is long, upright, open and flat; The stem number of sheets is many, and stem stalk is thick, stem culm base stipes bag; Flower pesticide is yellowish full, column cap white; Spike length, elongation is good, and the vertical shape of fringe is sagging, and fringe type is osculant, and number of grain per ear is many, and ripening rate is high; Grain husk shell yellow, clever sharp stalk yellow, sterile lemma white, without awns; Grain is elongated, and brown rice length is long, brown rice spindle, and seed coat is yellowish; High resistance stripe virus disease, middle bacterial blight-resisting, false smut, middle sense rice blast, lodging tolerance is stronger, high temperature resistant.This kind plant height 126cm left and right, tillering ability is stronger, and plant type is moderate.Effectively fringe is many, 184 left and right of every total grain panicle number, ripening rate 85% left and right, thousand kernel weight 28.6g.The ripe phase discolors.Lodging tolerance is strong.The 138.5 days time of infertility, than Zao 0.6 day of check variety (II excellent 838).

Output: 2011 annual per mu yield 635.09kg, than excellent 838 volume increase 8.07% of contrast II, reach significance level; 2012 annual per mu yield 606.59kg, than excellent 838 volume increase 3.51% of contrast II.Two annual per mu yield 620.84kg, than excellent 838 volume increase 5.79% of contrast II.

Quality: this variety and quality meets third-class-third-class edible rice quality standard promulgated by the ministries or commissions of the Central Government.

Resistance: Disease Resistance Identification: rice blast MR ₁-S ₂; Bacterial leaf spot S ₁-S ₁; Banded sclerotial blight S ₁-MR ₂; False smut R-MR ₁, disease refers to R-R; Stripe virus disease HR-HR.

The specificity of kind, adaptability: there is short awns on most of grain top.Suitable to yangtse-huaihe region plantation, the 138.5 days time of infertility, than contrast II excellent 838 Zao 0.6 day.

Variety stability and uniformity: variety stability is good, except male sterile line and hybrid strain, do not find special-shaped plant.This kind growth is neat, and leaf, fringe shape, plant height, strain shape are consistent.

It is according to objective trait of the present invention that hybrid rice of the present invention is opened the selection of excellent No. 18, details in each step of rice cropping and the production of hybrid seeds is improved, and only has the new varieties that adopt selection of the present invention just can obtain having objective trait of the present invention to open excellent No. 18.

Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, hybrid rice of the present invention being opened to the selection of excellent No. 18 is described further.

Embodiment

Embodiment 1

One, objective trait design: more than per mu yield 600kg; Rice matter reaches the third-class standard of the edible rice of GB; Resistant to lodging, resistance against diseases is strong; The time of infertility and Shanyou 63 are similar.

Two, breeding method

Opening the excellent group gas-mixing hybridization method of taking for No. 18 is bred as.1-2 before combo, has carried out conscientiously observing and recording to various male sterile lines, restorer, grasps its feature, output, meter Zhi, anti-adversity ability and breeding time etc.According to breeding objective requirement, selected that big panicle many grains per panicle, tillering ability are strong, good grain quality open 06S for maternal.Selected that big panicle many grains per panicle, tillering ability are strong, good grain quality, plant is short, stalk is sturdy, ripe Huaihe River extensive 9817 is early male parent, makes its group gas-mixing hybridization, final seed selection becomes that Feng You has both, the opening excellent No. 18 of moderate growth duration.

Three, breeding process

Maternal: opening 06S is to form taking Guangzhan 63S as maternal, the seed selection of yellow Hua Zhanwei paternal hybrid.

Male parent: Huaihe River extensive 9817 be taking in extensive 9308 as maternal, WH26 is that paternal hybrid seed selection forms.

Positive season in 2007, to open 06S as maternal, taking Huaihe River, extensive 9817 is male parent, hybridizes combo.2006-2009 respectively in Hainan and Huainan carry out product than (qualification) test and produce demonstration seed selection form.

Concrete breeding method is as follows:

(1), field design: railway carriage or compartment is wide 60 cun, and row is than 1: 12,5.5 cun of male parent spacing in the rows, mu is planted 0.2 ten thousand caves, cave Basic Seedling is more than 10.Maternal seeding row spacing 4*4 cun, mu is planted 3.4 ten thousand left and right, cave, 6 of cave Basic Seedlings, every mu of Basic Seedling is more than 200,000.Male parent becomes fringe more than 40,000, maternal more than 220,000.Ripening rate 45% left and right, 27 grams of left and right of thousand kernel weight, per unit area yield is more than 200 kilograms.

(2), parent's date of seeding, broadcast the arrangement of inserting phase and heading flowering period: R1 (first phase male parent) 5/5 sowing, estimate duration from seeding to heading 98 days, i.e. 13/8 beginning fringe; R2 (the second stage of male parent) 13/5 sowing, estimates duration from seeding to heading 95-96 days, i.e. 16/8 beginning fringe; The poor 8-9 days of R2 and R1.Maternal duration from seeding to heading 75 days ± 1 day.It is the maternal 1-2 days of early earing that the desirable flower of this combination is met, and should be 28-29/5 day the sowing time of so maternal 12-13/8 beginning fringe.With the time difference of R1 be 26 ± 1 days, leaf differs from 5.8 about leaves, full-bloom stage is in 16-18 day in August.

(3) nursery period management:

The selection of rice shoot: male parent is selected length of time rice seedlings grow 30-35 days, leaf age 8.3-8.8 leaf, seedling is short strong solid, and leaf is delicate and pretty does not hang down loosely, healthy and strong anosis, and the neat white root of growth is many, 10 above rice shoots of individual plant stem tiller; Female parent selection length of time rice seedlings grow 16-22 days, leaf age 5.5-7 leaf, delicate and pretty anosis, growth neat and consistent, the flat Pu of base portion, short white root is many, 3 above rice shoots of individual plant stem tiller;

Seedling raising method: two phases of male parent are all carried out two sections of seedling, the maternal water-raised seedling that adopts;

Mu sowing quantity: male parent 0.5kg, maternal 2kg;

Rice seedling bed area: male parent seedbed 1-1.5m ²/ mu, posts and plants 3 lis of ground of first phase; Maternal 1.5 points of ground/mus;

Seeding quantity: male parent is 10 kgs/acre, female parent is 15 kgs/acre;

Rice seedling bed makes: the seedbed gating wind direction sun of male parent, the place that is not subject to domestic birds and animals harm, length and width are fixed according to film and production of hybrid seeds area, even the old film of paving out, above put the pond sludge 2-3cm that becomes thoroughly decomposed, preferably every square metre spread Furadan band at the bottom of; Male parent base manure requires in flakes, concentrates plot water conservation, and winter ploughing is frozen and cut down, and turns over for the last time, head executes 3000 pounds/acre of well-rotted farmyard manures, does Qi Qian Mu Shi50Jin composite fertilizer wholely, and 20 jin of urea, accomplish whole layer placement of fertilizer, mu, with at the bottom of 4 jin of Furadan bands, is as the criterion with water, and furrow face is done flat; Maternal base manure: 3000 jin of well-rotted farmyard manures for mu, 50 jin of three element compound fertilizers, 50 jin, carbonic hydroammonium, accomplishes whole layer placement of fertilizer, the necessary irrigation and drainage of rice seedling bed and seed farm are convenient, are preferably in the lower mouth of a river by ditch.Mu with at the bottom of 4 jin of Furadan bands, keypoint control Lissorhoptrus oryzophilus Kuschel, rice thrips;

Seed soaking: 60 hours seed-soaking time of male parent, want duty to change water during this time; Maternal seed adopts the intermittently seed soaking of inner wrapping running water of 10 jin, and day soaks the night dew 2 day time totally;

Vernalization: the seed of male parent is washed in a pan clean with clear water, use green grass vernalization: green grass is filled in a round-bottomed basket, seed is placed on to the centre of round-bottomed basket and green grass, within approximately 24 hours, can breaks chest, then according to dry long root, the wet principle sprouting, reconcile radical bud length, notice that green grass continues to heat up, after general 24 hours, need burring cooling, prevent from burning bud; The maternal cool bud of seed normal temperature moisturizing one day is sowed after all breaking chest;

Sowing: the seed of male parent is by one mu of production of hybrid seeds 1-1.5m ²requirement make seedbed, uniform broadcasting, does not press paddy or gently presses paddy, lid fine earth, be advisable cannot see husk, then cover a small amount of ash, note pond sludge can not cross rare ponding; Maternal seed is by rice seedling bed area, and seed amount, divides kind by furrow, and point railway carriage or compartment is even to be broadcast, and presses paddy while broadcasting, and cannot see husk as standard, furrow face can not have ponding;

Seedbed management with post seedling: male parent: take the shed that 50cm is high, first three day do not leak informaton, as too high in fine day temperature of shed, in the appropriate straw cooling of film upper cover, enter bed the 4th day, grass need be gone to leak informaton to the greatest extent, in conjunction with watering, 1 leaf 1 heart connects film hardening, and 1.5 leaves start to post cultivation, has posted 2 leaf left and right, posts and plant 3 × 3 cun of density, R1 individual plant, cultivation is posted in the two strains of R2, cultivation is posted in rice seedling bed not whole two strains of water conservation, and while posting cultivation, furrow face is anhydrous, furrow ditch full water;

Young plants management: male parent is planted latter three days multiple shallow waters, and mu chases after 10 jin, urea, topdress to send out by blade chases after four times later altogether, R2 chases after that once to post while cultivation furrow faces anhydrous less, three days afterwards again shallow water topdress, after topdressing, at least keep three days above water layers at every turn, leaf with joy, 3 leaf after dates keep shallow water continuous.Seedling stage, Major Pests was exactly rice thrips, as long as can not cause great insect pest at the bottom of making good use of Furadan band, late May starts to have snout moth's larva to occur, prevents and treats with dimehypo.In conjunction with the weeding of weeding the fields; Female parent keeps furrow face moistening before 3 leaf phases, furrow ditch has water, guarantee male parent is normally turned green, before and after vertical pin, as furrow face cracking adopts filling horse race water noon, 3 leaf after date flower water are continuous, and 1 leaf 1 heart is filled with shallow water and chased after fertile for the first time, 10 jin of urea/mus, 2 leaf 1 hearts chase after fertile 15 pounds/acre for the second time, use 15-20 gram of paclobutrazol single spraying female parent the previous day of topdressing for the first time, prevention and elimination of disease and pests simultaneously.

(4) Honda is transplanted:

Honda site preparation and fertilization: male parent is robbed cultivated stubble-cleaning, pours water in time, revolves and rakes, and 10 jin of Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium of every mu of use add 15 jin of carbon ammoniums by railway carriage or compartment wide bracing wire trench digging deep placement; The maternal 100 jin of special fertilizers of first three day every mu of use of transplanting, deeply dig an animal-drawn seed plough and put down;

Plant specification: male parent railway carriage or compartment is wide 60 cun, 5.5 cun of spacing in the rows, 33 cultivations, Basic Seedling is inserted more than 10 in cave, more than mu is inserted 0.2 ten thousand caves, there is deep water in field, and the morning, straw mat seedling was planted afternoon, do not wash mud, plant railway carriage or compartment wide consistent, density is even, and edge sealing is wanted at edge, cross-peen is planted 2-3 strain first phase male parent, pulls up seedlings and rejects special-shaped strain and diseased plant; Female parent is removed male parent line-spacing, then removes 6 cun of sunny slopes, and 7 cun of opacos are inserted 12 row altogether, 4 × 4 cun of actual distances between rows and hills, and mu is planted 3.4 ten thousand caves, and every cave is no less than 6 Basic Seedlings, and every mu of Basic Seedling is more than 200,000; The rice transplanting of maternal fine day shallow water, cloudy day flower water cutting seedling, anhydrous rice transplanting of rainy day, rice transplanting requires shallow, straight, even, does not insert seedling overnight, pulls up seedlings and rejects special-shaped strain and diseased plant;

(5) Honda field management: afford to bang early stage, and mid-term, steady must living, entered after mid-July, all management are met around containing flower, promote Parent harmonic growth.

Fertilising: male parent is preferably executed ball fertilizer for 3-5 days one time after planting, with each 5 jin of urea, phosphate fertilizer, potassium chloride, adds 30-40 jin fine earth, makes stiff mud piece, directly distributes equally and fills in male parent in the ranks; Maternal cultivation latter 5 days, 20 jin, urea for mu, Parent completely spreads, and no longer topdresses, and six phases of ear differentiation see seedling is mended and execute fringe granulated fertilizer urea 5-8 jin, add each 10 jin of general phosphorus, potassium chloride;

Water starch management: alive of deep water, shallow water, flower moisture tiller, the enough roasting field of seedling, can not bake field after the ear differentiation fourth phase;

Rogueing: in conjunction with fertilising, the different obvious hybrid strain of various features is pulled out in the weeding of weeding the fields;

The extermination of disease and insect pest: a point early tillering stage cures mainly rice thrips, recommends with pyrrole worm woods; Mid or late July will be carried out an integrated control, mainly prevents and treats 5 (three) for rice leaf roller, banded sclerotial blight, white-backed planthopper, rice plant skipper, striped rice borer etc.

(6) prediction of flowering period and adjustment:

Forecasting Methodology: check male parent mid-July, at the beginning of the last ten-days period, check female parent, or with fringe phase beginning in rainy season push away forward within one month, start stripping look into, rule of thumb, see the seedling frame of Parent, the jointing situation of male parent judges colored chance situation then; Method is looked in the stripping of children's fringe, the remaining number of sheets of male parent is in the time of 2.8-3 leaf, now ear differentiation can obviously see that in the second phase starting stripping looks into, calculate to beginning fringe number of days, calculate the remaining number of days of maternal duration from seeding to heading, this method of judgement flower chance situation, sampling must be the stem of first phase, must be representative, definitely can not error in judgement;

Flower chance standard: before three phases, the large maternal first phase of male parent, five, six phase Parents maintain an equal level, final maternal than the Zao fringe 1-2 days that begins of male parent;

Regulation florescence method: take aggregate measures, to urge as main, urge control combination, adjust flower measure to want morning, accurate and want ruthless, the combination of one or more in employing following methods:

1, water is short, and phosphorus potassium is short, before three phases, utilizes the characteristic of male parent to water sensitive, fills with 2 cun of above deep water 7-10 days to field, can make the male parent fringe that begins in advance, singly partially executes phosphorus potash fertilizer or sprayed KH every three days to a certain parent ₂pO ₄once, continuous more than three times, fringe in advance also can begin;

2, drought control, nitrogen control, before the fourth phase, roasting this deferrable of old farmer heading, gave the inclined to one side nitrogen fertilizer application of parent early before three phases;

3, hormone is adjusted: seven end of term sprayed low concentration " 920 " to slow parent and can ear in advance.

(7) heading flowering period management: main direction: improve outcrossing, anti-assorted pure keeping, improves seed quality.

Cut leaf: according to maternal stem then and the growth differences of tillering, arrange to cut leaf late early, general growth is neat, ears fireballing, and leaf is cut in heading 5%, and cutting leaf can not be too heavy, and sword-like leave will stay 7-8cm;

Anti-assorted pure keeping: before cutting leaf, male parent will be removed special-shaped strain line by line, the female parent high-rise fringe of all not luxuriant stems in the ranks while cutting leaf, connects root complete stool and cuts off, and uses before hormone, before garland every day, pull out female parent chrysanthemum medicine and polliniferous hybrid strain in the ranks, before harvesting, remove and once omit hybrid strain line by line again;

Use hormone: mu consumption: total amount 20-30 gram, some places coordinate flower to adjust spirit to use, and total amount is the same.Flower adjusts every bottle of spirit to contain 4 grams " GA ", as the GA with deducting equivalent.Method: " GA " uses does not have certain pattern, must grasp field situation, and because of sky, because seedling considers, the index 5-10% mu of generally earing is for the first time with 10 grams, for the second time more than 20%, and mu 10-15 gram.Mend as the case may be for the third time 5-10 gram, the overall principle will have flexibility; Ear for the second time slowly every one day according to above index, ear fast not every other day, what tassel was many resprays, few light spray;

Time: the morning, dew was done to before blooming;

Water consumption: the most handy atomizing sprayer can be saved 1/3 left and right " GA ", with holes in spraying sheet for knapsack sprayer (0.7mm), 0.07 hectare one watering can water.

Artificial supplementary pollination: pollinate for the first time and open grain husk with female parent and be as the criterion, have pollen to be as the criterion with male parent later, catch emphatically the pollination of the loose powder peak period of male parent.Method: the most handy bamboo pole is caught up with powder, labor stringency also can draw powder by the plastic ties of 0.4cm; Principle: in heavy of early stage, the later stage gently draws or oblique pull, and wind is little to be drawn soon, and wind draws greatly slowly, draws against wind, and number of times full-bloom stage is no less than 5 times/day.

The extermination of disease and insect pest: Parent must carry out an integrated control before cutting leaf, add the medicine of preventing and treating ear stem pest, and full-bloom stage does not generally spray other medicament, and garland finishes to spray KH one time ₂pO ₄add triadimefon, the later stage will be paid special attention to the control of rice fulgorid.

(8) During Grain-filling:

Water starch management: there is water to grow flower, dry wet strong seed, the later stage can not cut off the water supply too early;

Spray leaf fertilizer: the pustulation period sprays and once likes the good-looking nutrition of the favourable full seed color and luster of seedling or generation seedling or other, notes rice fulgorid, ear stem pest, and grain pest, if any adding control;

In good time results: general maternal pollination end about 18-20 days, or the following grain Calusena lansium of maternal high-rise fringe, firmly to squeeze not pulp and can gather in, the most handy thresher threshing, is strictly on guard against the seed impact germination of running over and injure, and dries in time.Storage will singly be piled singly and put, and is strictly on guard against mechanical admixture.

Four, hybrid rice of the present invention is opened the cultivation method of excellent No. 18 and is comprised the steps:

(A) the strong seedling of light seeding: light seeding is even to be broadcast, adopts water to educate or drought is educated, and rice seedling bed seeding quantity 12.5kg cultivates the strong seedling of many tillers;

(B) begin sowing in good time: the sowing by the end of April, at the beginning of 5 months, the length of time rice seedlings grow is 30-35 days;

(C) rational close planted: seeding row spacing is 5 × 7 cun, mu cave number is 1.7-1.8 ten thousand, every cave plants 1-2 grain seed seedling, every mu of Basic Seedling 7-8 ten thousand;

(D) apply fertilizers scientifically: mu is executed the fertile 15kg of N, NPK is fertile to be coordinated, and wherein the ratio of NPK fertilizer is 1: 0.5: 0.6;

(E) diseases and pests controlling: the vertical snout moth's larva of control in time, striped rice borer, rice fulgorid, false smut damage by disease and insect.

Five, two-line sterile line is opened 06S brief introduction:

Cultivar origin:

Opening 06S is taking Guangzhan 63S as maternal, with yellow Hua Zhanwei paternal hybrid, through the continuous screening in 4 years 7 generations, selects economical character neat and consistent in 2005, the two-line sterile line that sterility is stable, and tentatively titled is opened 06S.

Breeding Process:

Positive season in 2002 taking high-quality two-line sterile line Guangzhan 63S as maternal, with Huang Huazhan hybridization, is received 32 of hybrid seeds in Huainan, plants F1 November then in Lingshui, Hainan Province, mixed sowing after maturation.

2003 positive plants F in Huainan in season ₂, better sterile strain 7 strains of Comprehensive Traits are selected to obtain in 3000 strains of plantation colony from segregation population.Cut stubble regeneration and eliminated 3 not solid individual plants, plant F in Hainan November ₃for 4 plants.

2004 positive plants F in Huainan in season ₄generation four strains, by economical character and identification of male sterility, eliminate 3 strains, from 1 strain retaining, select 6 of the fine individual plants that Comprehensive Traits is good, sterility is stable, cut a stubble regeneration results seed.Add generation plantation F in Hainan November ₅for 6 plants.

2005 positive plants F in Huainan in season ₆, in 6 strains, the strain of a selected stamen abortion, carries out test cross combo, and cuts stubble and reserve seed for planting.Plant F in Hainan November then ₇, expanding propagation seed, to carry out combo and the small size production of hybrid seeds.

Feature:

1, duration from seeding to heading: at the sowing of Huainan late May, the fringe that begins mid-August, duration from seeding to heading 80-85 days; In Lingshui, Hainan plantation, late November sowing, the fringe that begins upper, the middle ten days March in next year, duration from seeding to heading 98-102 days.

2, fertility performance: 2006, in mid-May, 2007-mid or late June split 06S and carry out interval sowing test in Huainan, result of the test shows: the sterile phase was from 26-September 2 July, totally 40 days.Pollen abortion rate 100% (taking non-pollen type as main), bagging self-fruitful rate 0.

3, Major Economic: plant height 74.5cm, stem blade 14.5-15.5 leaf, average 15 leaf left and right; Plant type degree of tightness is moderate, blade clean and jerk, and tillering ability is stronger, grows delicate and pretty; 10.5 of the effective fringes of individual plant, the total grain husk of every fringe is spent several 172, spike length 23.8cm.Column cap, grain husk point, leaf sheath are colourless, stigma exposing ratio 53.5%, and wherein two exposing ratios account for 24.6%.In Huainan plantation, than maternal Guangzhan 63S duration from seeding to heading length about 5 days, thousand kernel weight 25-26 gram, grain is slightly wide.

4, flowering habit: after seeing fringe, within 5 days, enter full-bloom stage, the individual plant 8-9 days of blooming, morning flower rate 74.1%.The peak period of blooming: fine day 10:30-12:00, postpones when overcast and rainy smallpox.Panicle spike primordium differentiation stage lasts 26-28 days.

Concise and to the point cultivation method explanation and basic mechanical design feature index:

Sterile gene and duration from seeding to heading:

Observe the performance of " opening 06S " fertility characteristic in Huainan and Hainan Region interval sowing, result shows at the sowing of Huainan late May, the fringe that begins mid-August, duration from seeding to heading 80-85 days; In Lingshui, Hainan plantation, late November sowing, the fringe that begins upper, the middle ten days March in next year, duration from seeding to heading 98-102 days.2006, in mid-May, 2007-mid or late June split 06S and carries out interval sowing test in Huainan, result of the test shows: the sterile phase was from 26-September 2 July, totally 40 days.Pollen abortion rate 100% (taking non-pollen type as main), bagging self-fruitful rate 0%.

Flowering habit:

After seeing fringe, within 5 days, enter full-bloom stage, the individual plant 8-9 days of blooming, morning flower rate 74.1%.The peak period of blooming: fine day 10:30-12:00, postpones when overcast and rainy smallpox.Panicle spike primordium differentiation stage lasts 26-28 days.

Morphological feature:

Plant height 74.5cm, stem blade 14.5-15.5 leaf, average 15 leaf left and right; Plant type degree of tightness is moderate, blade clean and jerk, and tillering ability is stronger, grows delicate and pretty; 10.5 of the effective fringes of individual plant, the total grain husk of every fringe is spent several 172, spike length 23.8cm.Column cap, grain husk point, leaf sheath are colourless, stigma exposing ratio 53.5%, and wherein two exposing ratios account for 24.6%, in Huainan plantation, than maternal Guangzhan 63S duration from seeding to heading length about 5 days, thousand kernel weight 25-26 gram, grain is slightly wide.

Six, new rice variety (combination) comparative test is summed up

In order to grasp the feature of new cultivation rice varieties, thoroughgoing and painstaking its quantitative effect and the adaptability investigated, is identified, is contrasted by this test, finds the high yield and high quality new varieties of suitable planting, inquire into breeding new way, further carry out paddy rice improved variety popularization and breeding work

One, experimental scheme

1, tested variety: totally 12 of tested varieties: open excellent No. 18, excellent No. 1 of Feng Xiang, open fragrant excellent No. 3, new two excellent No. 6, open excellent No. 10, China two excellent 69,6 liang of excellent 22, two excellent 766, Zijin rice No. 8, excellent No. 1 of Y two, open excellent No. 16, II excellent 838; Taking II excellent 838 as check variety (CK).

2, Quarter Design: 0.02 mu of community area.

3, repeat and arrange: repeating randomized arrangement for three times.

4, plant specification: 5 × 6 cun, every cave plants a seed seedling.That bracing wire is transplanted seedlings, planted is even, it is straight to plant.

5, fertilizer application: mu is executed pure N total amount 12.5kg, NPK compounding application, NPK ratio is 1: 0.5: 0.6, base proportion of additional fertilizer is 7: 3.

6, diseases and pests controlling: carry out disease worm and check, prevent and treat in time, adhere to the principle of " only control worm, do not cure the disease ".

Two, experimental culture process

1, seedling: May 7 sowing, take light seeding method, 2 leaf phases imposed urea once, transplanted seedlings within first 3 days, to impose to send and transferred fertilizer, send and transfer medicine.

2, whole ground: stubble wheat experimental field, after little wheat harvest, plough immediately, before transplanting seedlings, in conjunction with basal dressing, then rotary tillage is raked.

3, transplant seedlings: 11 dates of June transplant seedlings, plant 5 × 6 cun of distances between rows and hills, every cave plants a seed seedling.

4, fertilising: base manure mu is executed Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium (NPK content each 15%) 40kg, and urea 5kg plants and imposes tillering fertilizer for latter 10 days, mu is executed urea 10kg.

5, Guan Shui: shallow water is tillered, the roasting field of enough seedlings (mu seedling number starts roasting field at 150,000 o'clock), fills with deep water booting stage, pustulation period intermittent irrigation, dry wet friendship dived, and keeps field moisture state.

6, control worm: this year, temperature was high, and insect pest is slight.Control on July 20 rice is indulged snout moth's larva once, 20% A Wei element 40ml+ chlopyrifos 80ml for mu; The cut phase is prevented and treated striped rice borer, rice fulgorid once, 40% chlopyrifos 100ml, 25% pymetrozine 20g, 25% Buprofezin 50g for mu.

Three, result of the test (in table 1 and table 2):

Four, general survey

1, open excellent No. 18: the 140 days time of infertility, than II excellent 838 precocious 8 days.634.50 kilograms of per mu yields, than excellent 838 volume increase 8.00% of II.Other Main Agronomic Characters performance: 127.9 centimetres of plant heights, 185.6 of every total grain panicle numbers, ripening rate 86.2%, 28.9 grams of thousand kernel weight, ripe phase annesl is good.

2, excellent No. 1 of Feng Xiang: the 136 days time of infertility, than II excellent 838 precocious 12 days.611.41 kilograms of per mu yields, than excellent 838 volume increase 4.04% of II.Other Main Agronomic Characters performance: 120.7 centimetres of plant heights, 184.7 of every total grain panicle numbers, ripening rate 84.6%, 29.1 grams of thousand kernel weight, breeding time, early amount of growth was little.

3, open fragrant excellent No. 3: the 154 days time of infertility, than II excellent 838 ripe 6 days late.639.44 kilograms of per mu yields, than excellent 838 volume increase 8.81% of II.Other Main Agronomic Characters performance: 115.9 centimetres of plant heights, 231.4 of every total grain panicle numbers, ripening rate 79.0%, 23.3 grams of thousand kernel weight, tillering ability is stronger, and plant is shorter, and grain is less, and it is closeer that fringe grain, and ripe phase annesl is good.

4, new two excellent No. 6: the 146 days time of infertility, excellent 838 close with II.605.09 kilograms of per mu yields, than excellent 838 volume increase 2.97% of II.Other Main Agronomic Characters performance: 123.8 centimetres of plant heights, 179.5 of every total grain panicle numbers, ripening rate 79.6%, 28.3 grams of thousand kernel weight.

5, open excellent No. 10: the 146 days time of infertility, excellent 838 close with II.626.33 kilograms of per mu yields, than excellent 838 volume increase 6.58% of II.Other Main Agronomic Characters performance: 126.5 centimetres of plant heights, 183.2 of every total grain panicle numbers, ripening rate 83.0%, 26.6 grams of thousand kernel weight, moderate growth duration, tillering ability is stronger, and ripe phase annesl is better.

6, China two excellent 69: the 140 days time of infertility, than II excellent 838 precocious 8 days.587.48 kilograms of per mu yields, than excellent 838 underproduction 0.03% of II.Other Main Agronomic Characters performance: 128.0 centimetres of plant heights, 181.3 of every total grain panicle numbers, ripening rate 84.8%, 28.8 grams of thousand kernel weight.

7,6 liang excellent 22: the 148 days time of infertility, excellent 838 close with II.616.52 kilograms of per mu yields, than excellent 838 volume increase 4.91% of II.Other Main Agronomic Characters performance: 126.6 centimetres of plant heights, 184.2 of every total grain panicle numbers, ripening rate 80.8%, 28.3 grams of thousand kernel weight, fringe grain is also heavy, and ripe phase annesl is good.

8, two excellent 766: the 145 days time of infertility, than II excellent 838 precocious 3 days.630.63 kilograms of per mu yields, than excellent 838 volume increase 7.31% of II.Other Main Agronomic Characters performance: 132.5 centimetres of plant heights, 180.6 of every total grain panicle numbers, ripening rate 82.3%, 28.7 grams of thousand kernel weight, moderate growth duration, plant is higher, and ripe phase annesl is better.

9, Zijin rice No. 8: the 143 days time of infertility, than II excellent 838 precocious 5 days.624.63 kilograms of per mu yields, than excellent 838 volume increase 6.29% of II.Other Main Agronomic Characters performance: 128.6 centimetres of plant heights, 194.3 of every total grain panicle numbers, ripening rate 81.6%, 28.4 grams of thousand kernel weight, plant type is better, and regularity is general, and ripe phase annesl is better.

10, excellent No. 1 of Y two: the 142 days time of infertility, than II excellent 838 precocious 6 days.611.11 kilograms of per mu yields, than excellent 838 volume increase 3.99% of II.Other Main Agronomic Characters performance: 122.6 centimetres of plant heights, 189.5 of every total grain panicle numbers, ripening rate 79.7%, 26.6 grams of thousand kernel weight, ripe phase annesl is better.

11, open excellent No. 16: the 149 days time of infertility, than II excellent 838 ripe 1 day late.587.52 kilograms of per mu yields, than excellent 838 underproduction 0.02% of II.Other Main Agronomic Characters performance: 125.8 centimetres of plant heights, 204.1 of every total grain panicle numbers, ripening rate 75.2%, 27.5 grams of thousand kernel weight.

Above-described embodiment is described the preferred embodiment of the present invention; not scope of the present invention is limited; design under the prerequisite of spirit not departing from the present invention; various distortion and improvement that those of ordinary skill in the art make technical scheme of the present invention, all should fall in the definite protection domain of the claims in the present invention book.

Claims (5)

1. hybrid rice is opened the selection of excellent No. 18, it is characterized in that: open 06S as maternal taking two-line sterile line, hybrid seeding is carried out for male parent in Huaihe River extensive 9817, obtains new varieties and opens excellent No. 18.

2. hybrid rice according to claim 1 is opened the selection of excellent No. 18, it is characterized in that: it is taking Guangzhan 63S as maternal that described two-line sterile line is opened 06S, yellow Hua Zhanwei male parent, the stable two-line sterile line of sterility obtaining through the continuous screening in 4 years 7 generations.

3. hybrid rice according to claim 2 is opened the selection of excellent No. 18, it is characterized in that: described Huaihe River extensive 9817 be taking in extensive 9308 as maternal, WH26 is that paternal hybrid seed selection forms.

4. hybrid rice according to claim 3 is opened the selection of excellent No. 18, it is characterized in that: comprise the steps:

(1) field design: railway carriage or compartment is wide 60 cun, row is than 1: 12,5.5 cun of male parent spacing in the rows, mu is planted 0.2 ten thousand caves, and cave Basic Seedling is more than 10,4 × 4 cun of maternal seeding row spacings, mu is planted 3.4 ten thousand left and right, caves, 6 of cave Basic Seedlings, every mu of Basic Seedling is more than 200,000;

(2) parent's date of seeding, broadcast the arrangement of inserting phase and heading flowering period;

(3) nursery period management:

The selection of rice shoot: male parent is selected length of time rice seedlings grow 30-35 days, leaf age 8.3-8.8 leaf, seedling is short strong solid, and leaf is delicate and pretty does not hang down loosely, healthy and strong anosis, and the neat white root of growth is many, 10 above rice shoots of individual plant stem tiller; Female parent selection length of time rice seedlings grow 16-22 days, leaf age 5.5-7 leaf, delicate and pretty anosis, growth neat and consistent, the flat Pu of base portion, short white root is many, 3 above rice shoots of individual plant stem tiller;

Seedling raising method: two phases of male parent are all carried out two sections of seedling, the maternal water-raised seedling that adopts;

Mu sowing quantity: male parent 0.5kg, maternal 2kg;

Rice seedling bed area: male parent seedbed 1-1.5m ²/ mu, posts and plants 3 lis of ground of first phase; Maternal 1.5 points of ground/mus;

Seeding quantity: male parent is 10 kgs/acre, female parent is 15 kgs/acre;

Rice seedling bed makes: the seedbed gating wind direction sun of male parent, the place that is not subject to domestic birds and animals harm, length and width are fixed according to film and production of hybrid seeds area, even the old film of paving out, above put the pond sludge 2-3cm that becomes thoroughly decomposed, every square metre spread Furadan band at the bottom of; Male parent base manure requires in flakes, concentrates plot water conservation, and winter ploughing is frozen and cut down, and turns over for the last time, head executes 3000 pounds/acre of well-rotted farmyard manures, does Qi Qian Mu Shi50Jin composite fertilizer wholely, and 20 jin of urea, accomplish whole layer placement of fertilizer, mu, with at the bottom of 4 jin of Furadan bands, is as the criterion with water, and furrow face is done flat; Maternal base manure: every mu with 3000 jin of well-rotted farmyard manures, 50 jin of three element compound fertilizers, 50 jin, carbonic hydroammonium, accomplishes whole layer placement of fertilizer, and rice seedling bed and seed farm irrigation and drainage are at the lower mouth of a river by ditch, and mu, with at the bottom of 4 jin of Furadan bands, is prevented and treated Lissorhoptrus oryzophilus Kuschel, rice thrips damage by disease and insect;

Seed soaking: 60 hours seed-soaking time of male parent, want duty to change water during this time; Maternal seed adopts the intermittently seed soaking of inner wrapping running water of 10 jin, and day soaks the night dew 2 day time totally;

Vernalization: the seed of male parent is washed in a pan clean with clear water, use green grass vernalization: green grass is filled in a round-bottomed basket, seed is placed on to the centre of round-bottomed basket, 24 hours broken chests, then according to dry long root, the wet principle sprouting, reconciles radical bud length, and green grass continues to heat up, after 24 hours, need burring cooling, prevent from burning bud; The maternal cool bud of seed normal temperature moisturizing one day is sowed after all breaking chest;

Sowing: the seed of male parent is by one mu of production of hybrid seeds 1-1.5m ²requirement make seedbed, uniform broadcasting, does not press paddy or gently presses paddy, lid fine earth, cannot see husk as standard, then covers a small amount of ash, pond sludge can not be crossed rare and have ponding; Maternal seed is by rice seedling bed area, and seed amount, divides kind by furrow, and point railway carriage or compartment is even to be broadcast, and presses paddy while broadcasting, and cannot see husk as standard, furrow face can not have ponding;

Seedbed management with post seedling: male parent: take the shed that 50cm is high, first three day do not leak informaton, as too high in fine day temperature of shed, in the appropriate straw cooling of film upper cover, enter bed the 4th day, grass need be gone to leak informaton to the greatest extent, in conjunction with watering, 1 leaf 1 heart connects film hardening, and 1.5 leaves start to post cultivation, has posted 2 leaf left and right, posts and plant 3 × 3 cun of density, first phase male parent R1 individual plant, cultivation is posted in the two strains of second phase male parent R2, cultivation is posted in rice seedling bed not whole two strains of water conservation, and while posting cultivation, furrow face is anhydrous, furrow ditch full water;

Young plants management: male parent is planted latter three days multiple shallow waters, mu chases after 10 jin, urea, topdress to send out by blade chases after four times later altogether, and R2 chases after once less, and while posting cultivation, furrow face is anhydrous, within three days, answering afterwards shallow water topdresses, after topdressing, at least keep three days above water layers at every turn, leaf with joy, 3 leaf after dates keep shallow water continuous, want prevention and elimination of disease and pests seedling stage, in conjunction with the weeding of weeding the fields; Female parent keeps furrow face moistening before 3 leaf phases, furrow ditch has water, guarantee male parent is normally turned green, before and after vertical pin, as furrow face cracking adopts filling horse race water noon, 3 leaf after date flower water are continuous, and 1 leaf 1 heart is filled with shallow water and chased after fertile for the first time, 10 jin of urea/mus, 2 leaf 1 hearts chase after fertile 15 pounds/acre for the second time, use 15-20 gram of paclobutrazol single spraying female parent the previous day of topdressing for the first time, prevention and elimination of disease and pests simultaneously;

(4) Honda is transplanted:

Honda site preparation and fertilization: male parent is robbed cultivated stubble-cleaning, pours water in time, revolves and rakes, and 10 jin of Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium of every mu of use add 15 jin of carbon ammoniums by railway carriage or compartment wide bracing wire trench digging deep placement; The maternal 100 jin of special fertilizers of first three day every mu of use of transplanting, deeply dig an animal-drawn seed plough and put down;

Plant specification: male parent railway carriage or compartment is wide 60 cun, 5.5 cun of spacing in the rows, Basic Seedling is inserted more than 10 in cave, more than mu is inserted 0.2 ten thousand caves, there is deep water in field, and plant in straw mat seedling afternoon in the morning, do not wash mud, plants railway carriage or compartment wide consistent, density is even, and edge sealing is wanted at edge, and cross-peen is planted 2-3 strain first phase male parent, pulls up seedlings and rejects special-shaped strain and diseased plant; Female parent is removed male parent line-spacing, then removes 6 cun of sunny slopes, and 7 cun of opacos are inserted 12 row altogether, 4 × 4 cun of actual distances between rows and hills, and mu is planted 3.4 ten thousand caves, and every cave is no less than 6 Basic Seedlings, and every mu of Basic Seedling is more than 200,000; The rice transplanting of maternal fine day shallow water, cloudy day flower water cutting seedling, anhydrous rice transplanting of rainy day, rice transplanting requires shallow, straight, even, does not insert seedling overnight, pulls up seedlings and rejects special-shaped strain and diseased plant;

(5) Honda field management:

Fertilising: male parent is preferably executed ball fertilizer for 3-5 days one time after planting, with each 5 jin of urea, phosphate fertilizer, potassium chloride, adds 30-40 jin fine earth, makes stiff mud piece, directly distributes equally and fills in male parent in the ranks; Maternal cultivation latter 5 days, 20 jin, urea for mu, Parent completely spreads, and no longer topdresses, and six phases of ear differentiation see seedling is mended and execute fringe granulated fertilizer urea 5-8 jin, add each 10 jin of general phosphorus, potassium chloride;

The extermination of disease and insect pest: the early tillering stage adopts pyrrole worm woods to control rice thrips, and mid or late July is carried out integrated control;

(6) prediction of flowering period and adjustment:

Forecasting Methodology: check male parent mid-July, at the beginning of the last ten-days period, check female parent, or with fringe phase beginning in rainy season push away forward within one month, start stripping look into, rule of thumb, see the seedling frame of Parent, the jointing situation of male parent judges colored chance situation then; Method is looked in the stripping of children's fringe, and the remaining number of sheets of male parent is in the time of 2.8-3 leaf, and now ear differentiation can obviously see that in the second phase starting stripping looks into, calculates to beginning fringe number of days, calculates the remaining number of days of maternal duration from seeding to heading, and judgement flower chance situation adopts this method, and sampling is the stem of first phase;

Flower chance standard: before three phases, the large maternal first phase of male parent, five, six phase Parents maintain an equal level, final maternal than the Zao fringe 1-2 days that begins of male parent;

Regulation florescence method: take aggregate measures, to urge as main, the method of short control combination, the combination of one or more in employing following methods: water is short, phosphorus potassium is short, before three phases, fills with 2 cun of above deep water 7-10 days to field, make the male parent fringe that begins in advance, singly partially execute phosphorus potash fertilizer or sprayed KH every three days to a certain parent ₂pO ₄once, continuous more than three times, fringe in advance also can begin; Drought control, nitrogen control, before the fourth phase, roasting this deferrable of old farmer heading, gave the inclined to one side nitrogen fertilizer application of parent early before three phases; Hormone regulating and controlling: seven end of term sprayed low concentration " GA " to slow parent ears it in advance;

(7) heading flowering period management:

Cut leaf: according to maternal stem then and the growth differences of tillering, arrange to cut leaf late early, general growth is neat, ears fireballing, and leaf is cut in heading 5%, and cutting leaf can not be too heavy, and sword-like leave will stay 7-8cm;

Anti-assorted pure keeping: before cutting leaf, male parent will be removed special-shaped strain line by line, the female parent high-rise fringe of all not luxuriant stems in the ranks while cutting leaf, connects root complete stool and cuts off, and uses before hormone, before garland every day, pull out female parent chrysanthemum medicine and polliniferous hybrid strain in the ranks, before harvesting, remove and once omit hybrid strain line by line again;

Use hormone: the morning, dew was done to the hormotone that adopts " GA " hormone or employing " GA " hormone and Hua Tiaoling before blooming, hormone application total amount is 20-30 gram, while adopting " GA " hormone, the index of earing for the first time 5-10% mu is with 10 grams, the index of earing is for the second time more than 20%, 10-15 gram for mu, mends 5-10 gram for the third time as the case may be;

Artificial supplementary pollination: pollinate for the first time and open grain husk with female parent and be as the criterion, have pollen to be as the criterion with male parent later, catch emphatically the pollination of the loose powder peak period of male parent; Method: catch up with the plastic ties of powder or 0.4cm to draw powder with bamboo pole; Principle: in heavy of early stage, the later stage gently draws or oblique pull, and wind is little to be drawn soon, and wind draws greatly slowly, draws against wind, and full-bloom stage is no less than 5 times/day;

The extermination of disease and insect pest: Parent carries out an integrated control before cutting leaf, control ear stem pest, garland finishes KH of rear spray ₂pO ₄add triadimefon, later stage control rice fulgorid;

(8) During Grain-filling:

Water starch management: there is water to grow flower, dry wet strong seed, the later stage can not cut off the water supply too early;

Spray leaf fertilizer: the pustulation period sprays and once likes the good-looking nutrition of the favourable full seed color and luster of seedling or generation seedling or other, and prevents and treats rice fulgorid, ear stem pest, the insect pest of grain seasonal febrile diseases;

Results in good time: the grain Calusena lansium that maternal pollination finishes 18-20 days or maternal high-rise fringe is following, firmly squeeze not pulp and can gather in, use thresher threshing, be strictly on guard against the seed of running over and injure, to dry in time, storage will singly be piled singly and put.

5. open the selection of excellent No. 18 according to the hybrid rice described in any one in claim 1-4, it is characterized in that: the new varieties of acquisition are opened the cultivation method of excellent No. 18 and comprised the steps:

(A) the strong seedling of light seeding: light seeding is even to be broadcast, adopts water to educate or drought is educated, and rice seedling bed seeding quantity 12.5kg cultivates the strong seedling of many tillers;

(B) begin sowing in good time: the sowing by the end of April, at the beginning of 5 months, the length of time rice seedlings grow is 30-35 days;

(C) rational close planted: seeding row spacing is 5 × 7 cun, mu cave number is 1.7-1.8 ten thousand, every cave plants 1-2 grain seed seedling, every mu of Basic Seedling 7-8 ten thousand;

(D) apply fertilizers scientifically: mu is executed the fertile 15kg of N, NPK is fertile to be coordinated, and wherein the ratio of NPK fertilizer is 1: 0.5: 0.6;

(E) diseases and pests controlling: the vertical snout moth's larva of control in time, striped rice borer, rice fulgorid, false smut damage by disease and insect.