CN104170724A - Breeding method for aromatic hybrid rice Guangxiangyou 36 - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a breeding method for aromatic hybrid rice Guangxiangyou 36. The breeding method takes Guangxiang 38S as a female parent and takes Xianghui 68 as a male parent to carry out hybrid seed production to obtain the new variety Guangxiangyou 36. The aromatic hybrid rice has the characteristics of thin and long grain shape, glittering and translucent appearance, good rice quality, high yield, strong resistance, wide adaptability, rich aroma and the like.

Description

The selection that a kind of odor type hybrid rice is wide fragrant excellent No. 36

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of breeding method, particularly relate to a kind of selection of odor type hybrid rice.

Background technology

Paddy rice is the cereal crops of China's cultivated area maximum.The Rice Production of China is being born the dual role that ensures national food safety and meet people's living needs.Therefore, rice yield and quality be combined into the rice breeding main direction in future.Put into practice verifiedly, heterosis utilization is to improve the effective way of crop yield, and the fragrant rice staple food that to be people like, odor type hybrid rice breeding becomes one of trend of rice breeding thus gradually.

Fragrance is an important indicator of rice taste quality, in the world using rice aroma as an important quality index.International paddy rice thinks that the superior rice in all long-grained nonglutinous rices area all should have fragrance.Fragrant rice, except the same with conventional cultivation rice, has dividing of Xian, round-grained rice, can also by color and luster be divided into white, black, etc., be divided into puffed rice type, violet stock violet type, jasmine fragrance, toast bread type etc. by giving forth fragrance.

Fragrant rice is that one self contains fragrance matter, and its fragrance exceedes the Special Rices of people to fragrance identification, and the fragrance of fragrant rice is from each position beyond digging up the roots.The main component of fragrance is volatile organic matter matter 2-acetyl-1-pyrrolin, is white crystal or crystalline powder, is soluble in hot water, ethanol, ether, but is insoluble to cold water.Fragrant rice variety identification method mainly contains: chew-in technique, hot-water process, KOH soak the methods such as blade method and round pcr analytical method.

Fragrant rice is all subject to consumers in general's welcome all the time deeply, not only fragrance uniqueness, and mouthfeel is good, can strengthen people's appetite, and its nutritive value is higher, and the content of protein, fatty acid/amino acid and trace element is relatively abundant, is regarded as the treasure in rice.Scented rice just has the title of " tribute rice " at ancient Chinese.At present, the high-grade rice in market mostly is scented rice, accounts for 20% left and right of rice consumption figure.The scented rice that China produces can not meet the market demand, need to supplement market from ten thousand tons of scented rices of the about 30-50 of Thailand's import every year.At home and abroad on rice market, the price of scented rice normally common non-fragrant rice price 2-3 doubly.Therefore the rice that, has a unique perfume characteristic is subject to consumers in general's welcome and breeder's attention deeply.

Fragrant rice is the Special member in paddy rice family, and cultivation history is long.Although China is Rice Production the first big country, aromatic rice is various, and China's aromatic rice is very low in international market popularity.Because aromatic rice improvement is relatively backward, in rice is produced, fail to play a leading role again always, lack international influence.Need to, on the basis of the fragrant rice of original tradition, accelerate breeding, select a collection of high-quality scented rice kind domestic, international market that meets, China is occupied a tiny space in the international market.Therefore, seed selection high-quality scented rice new varieties, meet market and consumption demand, and the quality of improving the people's livelihood is one of important content of modern rice breeding.

Summary of the invention

The technical problem to be solved in the present invention be to provide a kind ofly have that particle shape is elongated, glittering and translucent, rice is of fine quality, output is high, the selection of the odor type hybrid rice of the feature such as resistance, adaptation are wide, thick flavor.

The selection that hybrid rice is wide fragrant excellent No. 36, taking wide fragrant 38S as maternal, fragrant extensive 68 carry out hybrid seeding for male parent, obtain new varieties wide fragrant excellent No. 36.

The selection that hybrid rice of the present invention is wide fragrant excellent No. 36, wherein said wide fragrant 38S is taking Guangzhan 63S as maternal, agriculture fragrant 98 is carried out hybrid seeding acquisition for male parent.

The selection that hybrid rice of the present invention is wide fragrant excellent No. 36, the selection cross method of wherein said wide fragrant 38S comprises the steps:

(1) fragrant 98 each 5 strains of plantation Guangzhan 63S and agriculture, the ear differentiation 4-6 phase while controlling Guangzhan 63S growth, are in daily mean temperature more than 24 DEG C, daily maximum temperature not higher than 32 DEG C of conditions under, manually award Guangzhan 63S column cap fragrant agriculture 98 flower pesticide, combo in pairs, results F ₀for seed;

(2) the same year, planted F in Hainan winter ₀in generation, plants, at F ₀in process of growth, while controlling ear differentiation 4-6 phase, mean temperature of air, below 24 DEG C, is collected F April ₁for seed;

(3) sow F May in then ₁for seed, in colony, select complete sterile strain autumn, cut stubble regeneration results F ₂for seed;

(4) plant F in Hainan by the method for step (2) ₂for seed, and gather in the crops F ₃for seed;

(5) sow F mid-May in Huainan ₃for seed, in colony, select complete sterile strain autumn, cut stubble mid-August and regenerate in left and right results F by the end of October ₄for seed;

(6) sow F in the method for Hainan repeating step (2) ₄for seed, gather in the crops F spring in next year ₅for seed;

(7) sow F mid-May in Huainan ₅for seed, plant fragrant 98 seeds of agriculture simultaneously and compare, in four leaf phases, with KOH method discriminating F ₅fragrance for blade position has or not, deep or light; Concrete operations: first get agriculture perfume (or spice) 98, totally 10 strains, get 2 grams of left and right of rice leaf of 4 leaf phases, after chopping, put into 20ml band plug teat glass, in each band plug teat glass that sample is housed, add the KOH solution of 10ml mass concentration 17g/L, and cover immediately stopper, leave standstill, in the time of 10min and 20min, differentiate fragrance with sense of smell respectively and have or not; Each 3-5 people judges, does fragrance contrast; Again from F ₅seed individual plant is got 4 leaf phase 2g left and right blades, numbering respectively, with KOH soak blade method differentiate fragrance have or not, deep or light, contrast with fragrant 98 fragrance of agriculture, record respectively, then presses fragrance: fragrant, light perfume (or spice), without statistic of classification; According to comprehensive statistics result, select blade fragrance to be richer than agriculture fragrant 98 or to approach very much individual plant with it and retain observation; Eliminate light perfume (or spice) or without fragrant individual plant; Choose sterile savory individual plant completely mid-August, cut stubble regeneration results F ₆for seed;

(8) mid or late November is sowed F in Hainan ₆for seed, plant agriculture perfume (or spice) 98 and compare, in F ₆when the 4 leaf phase of generation, by KOH immersion blade method, differentiate each individual plant fragrance, deep or light; Retain than fragrant 98 thick flavor of agriculture or consistent individual plant, the sub-F of sowing ₇generation;

(8) according in Huainan, Hainan plants and detects fragrance, the sub-F of sowing ₈, F ₉for seed;

(9) F ₉for seed in the controlled environment chamber, do fertility transition detection qualification, retain transformation critical temperature lower than the individual plant of 23.5 DEG C, in sending Hainan breeding each season, results single-strain seed, i.e. wide fragrant 38S.

The selection that hybrid rice of the present invention is wide fragrant excellent No. 36, extensive 68 series of wherein said perfume (or spice) are to raise rice No. 6 for maternal, and five mountain silk seedlings are that the paternal hybrid production of hybrid seeds obtains hybrid seed, taking described hybrid seed as maternal, middle fragrant No. 1 is the paternal hybrid production of hybrid seeds, obtains fragrant extensive 68 series.

The selection that hybrid rice of the present invention is wide fragrant excellent No. 36, the selection of extensive 68 series of wherein said perfume (or spice) comprises the steps:

Make female parent No. 6 in Huainan with raising rice, make male parent with five mountain silk seedlings, adopt warm water gametocide method, artificial hybridization in mid-August;

Warm water gametocide method: process 5-10 minute in the warm water of 42-45 DEG C;

Cross method: raising No. 6 spike of rice flowering naturallies of rice first 1 hour, hot water is filled with in applying hot water bottles, uses thermometer measure water temperature, and water temperature is adjusted to 43-44 DEG C;

To raise No. 6 tassels of rice and tilt to stretch into carefully in thermos bottle, continue 3-5 minute; The taking-up spike of rice that is disposed, shrugs off the ponding on fringe, waits for 25 minutes, and the grain husk flower that was about to bloom the same day of having reached maturity will be opened successively; Cut all still immature clever colored; Open grain husk flower is cut off to 1/3 of clever shell one by one with little scissors, award five mountain silk seedling pollen; Put paper bag by raising No. 6 spikes of rice of rice after producing Crossbred, hang up label, on label, indicate Parent title, hybridization date;

After results hybrid seed, maternal with hybrid seed work in the plantation of Lingshui, Hainan winter, in plantation, perfume is made male parent No. 1, at Rice Heading blooming stage, crossbreed pollen is killed by warm water gametocide method, in fragrant No. 1 pollen award on crossbreed column cap, and bagging, hang up label, collect the sub-F of triple hybrid ₀for seed, breeding F ₀in generation, is to F ₄in generation, obtain separating basicly stable plant seed; By KOH immersion blade method, detect hybrid seed fragrance, retain thick flavor or approach No. 1 individual plant of middle perfume, respectively numbering; Each individual plant is planted into respectively strain, eliminates and separates individual plant, until it is stable in process of growth; From stablizing many strain seeds, sample, the test of making comparisons, records different strains, economical character and economic characters; Second trial, according to twice average result, from aspect overall merits such as plant height, every total grain panicle number, tiller number, breeding time, ripening rate, thousand kernel weight, output rice matter, disease resistances, chooses target strain, and being restored is fragrant extensive 68.

The selection that hybrid rice of the present invention is wide fragrant excellent No. 36, wherein said male parent is fragrant extensive 68.

The selection that hybrid rice of the present invention is wide fragrant excellent No. 36, comprises the steps:

(1) determining of best heading stage:

Female parent transformation temperature is 23.5 DEG C, before heading in 10-15 days if mean temperature of air is for three days on end below 23.5 DEG C, easily recover fertility, flowering stage is if mean temperature of air is more than 28 DEG C, it is solid that the maximum air temperature more than 33 DEG C affects insemination, for avoiding above-mentioned unfavourable weather condition, be selected in August 21-25 flowering stage;

(2) male parent date of seeding and interval

Male parent arrangement divided for three phases; First phase male parent was met with maternal phase beginning; Second phase bag full-bloom stage; Three whole florescences of phase bag, guarantee maternal sufficient pollen amount, concrete date of seeding, is: the first phase was broadcast May 3, between three phase male parents, the poor phase is respectively 6 days;

(3) determining of maternal date of seeding

The following three aspects: arrangement of poor basis of date of seeding between female parent and first phase male parent:

The temperature difference: the effective accumulated temperature of broadcasting the poor phase between male parent and female parent is 180 DEG C-230 DEG C;

Age is poor: first phase male parent and maternal leaf age are poor is 6.2-6.5 leaf;

The poor phase: the poor phase of broadcasting between first phase male parent and female parent is 26-28 days;

(4) seedling

Male parent one, second phase are all taked to two sections of seedling, male parent broadcast after a leaf wholeheartedly start to post seedling, post seedling specification and be: 3 × 3 cun of first phase male parents; 2 × 2 cun of second phases, all post slotting individual plant; Three phase water-raised seedlings, directly plant to land for growing field crops;

The maternal light seeding water-raised seedling of wanting, clean rice seedling bed seeding quantity is no more than 10 kilograms, within 20 days, is with tiller 2-3 while transplanting;

(5) transplanting and specification

Plant configuration: parental is 1:14, row is to thing; Between three phases, male parent ratio is 2:4:2;

Moisture in the soil is wide is 7.2 chis;

Line-spacing: 4 cun of maternal line-spacings; Male parent sunny slope is apart from maternal 8 cun, and opaco is 1.2 chis;

Spacing in the rows: male parent is 4.5 cun; Female parent is 3 cun;

(6) transplant

Maternal mu is planted 3.2 ten thousand caves, every cave 5-6 tiller seedling, 2 seed seedlings, one, three phases of male parent respectively mu plant 460 strains, second phase mu is planted 926 strains, two sections post seedling one, the second stage of individual plant is respectively 12-16,10-14 and tillers; Three phase male parents are planted two seed seedlings, 10 seedling tillers;

0.5 chi of first ditching while transplanting seedlings is planted in male parent on bank, guarantees to have planted before and after June 15, and rear cultivation is maternal, has planted June 25, stays the ditch of getting bumper crops, two perpendicular horizontal strokes;

(7) rich water quality management

Fertilising:

Principle: the front weight of maternal fertilising, middle control, rear benefit; The ratio of base manure, fetilizer for tillering, ear manuer is 7:2:1; Mu needs 14 kilograms of purity nitrogens, and the ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus, potash fertilizer is 1:0.5:0.5, and base manure is wanted applying organic manure, adds phosphorus, potash fertilizer, and the main fertile production of hybrid seeds special fertilizer that adopts, requires mu to execute farmyard manure 1500-3000 kilogram, executes lower rake and thoroughly flattens with whole;

Male parent fertilising, male parent is transplanted seedlings the previous day, executes 7.5 kilograms of fertilizer along male parent row, and because male parent is long breeding time, fertilizer requirement is large, should after male parent is planted, within 5-7 days, chase after ball fertilizer for the first time; Under ball fertilizer is executed before booting for the second time; The way of ball fertilizer: add 2.5 jin of urea with 5 kilograms of fertilizer and mix 15-20 kilogram of fine earth or miscellaneous fertilizers, water spray is made more than 400 fertile ball, fills in a ball with hand every the space of two strains, executes for the second time ball fertilizer and executes between another two strain spaces;

Maternal fertilising: 2-3 days before maternal cultivation, execute 37.5 kilograms of production of hybrid seeds special fertilizers and 5 kilograms of urea in conjunction with whole land, when three phase of panicle spike primordium differentiation stage, chase after and attack 5 kilograms of fertilizer of ear manuer and add 2.5 kilograms of urea;

Balance fertilizer: Parent, on fertilising basis, sees that seedling executes balance fertilizer ingeniously, impels growing way sane, controls prosperous length, makes good use of ear manuer, sprays twice potassium dihydrogen phosphate and makees granulated fertilizer, controls nitrogenous fertilizer, enriches phosphorus, potash fertilizer;

(8) water starch management

Shallow water transplants seedlings and fits alive of water;

Do a good job of it emphatically early because of the roasting field of seedling, method is carried out repeatedly roasting, reaches the roasting field of draining after 17-18 ten thousand seedlings after enough seedlings, bakes the field root that ftractures, whitens, leaf variable color, consolidates effective tiller, and the strong bar of short root, enters the rehydration booting of ear differentiation second phase, later stage does wet, cuts off the water supply ahead of time, controls rear and tillers solid;

(9) use " 920 " hormone:

Maternal mu 30 grams of left and right of consumption, divide and use for 3-4 time.Maternal 7 end of term of ear differentiation are gently adjusted 4 grams for the first time, and in maternal 78 beginnings of the end of term of ear differentiation, booting cut cuts leaf, see that cut reveals fringe mu spray " 920 " 16 grams; Next day, mu was with 10 grams of left and right;

(10) extermination of disease and insect pest

Banded sclerotial blight: tillering, booting stage is respectively with jinggangmeisu and triadimefon control three times;

Smut:

Cultural control, rational close planting, stops ineffective tillering, controls N element, and science Guan Shui, impels plant strain growth stalwartness, and creates the field microclimate of unfavorable smut, suppresses, alleviates disease and occur;

Chemical control, sprays once with triadimefon before heading cut, and with 50 grams/acre of content 20% triadimefon emulsions, flowering finishes to use once for rear 1-2 days, 50 grams/acre of consumptions;

After heading respectively at begin flower, Sheng Hua, eventually spend three during with the black spirit of going out, specification is 35 grams/bag, prevents and treats three times; Two barrels of each minimum spray liquid medicine, two barrels is 35 kilograms;

(11) impurity elimination:

Distinguished according to plant type, height, leaf look, phimosis, pollen fertility, hybrid strain and special-shaped strain are pulled out, cut Ye Qianhe milk ripe stage and carry out removal of impurities work, be strictly on guard against the mechanical admixture of receiving in solarization process.

The selection that hybrid rice of the present invention is wide fragrant excellent No. 36, the new varieties that wherein results obtain the extensively cultivation method of fragrant excellent No. 36 comprise the steps:

Seedling:

Rice seedling bed: select irrigation and drainage convenience, sick worm and the few field of weeds, irrigated mursery furrow face is flat clean, has mud scum, and seedling plate is soft and not rotten, dry nursery furrow face is smooth, broken, the fertile soil, soft of soil;

Base manure: mu is executed 12 kilograms, urea, 40 kilograms of superphosphate, 10 kilograms, potassium chloride;

Date of seeding: 25 days-May 5 April date of seeding;

The amount of broadcasting: every mu of rice seedling bed sowing 10-12 kilogram, accomplishes that premature rice is even;

Guan Shui: furrow irrigation before 2 leaf phases, keep furrow face moistening, 2 leaf after dates keep shallow water;

Topdress: 2 every mu of leaf phase were executed 5 kilograms, urea, 4 leaf phases saw seedling is mended and execute balance fertilizer;

Other: 2 leaf phases can spray paclobutrazol, impelled that rice shoot tiller is many, root is prosperous, seedling is short, Miao Zhuan; After 3-4 leaf, control seedling stage diseases and pests;

Field production management:

Whole ground: after organic fertilizer, non watered ploughing is suned the earth which has been ploughed up, tilling depth 3-5 cun, the dry harrow-like implement for pulverizing soil rake leveling of pouring water of turning up soil, accomplishes that native broken mud is rotten, field face is smooth;

Transplanting time: length of time rice seedlings grow 30-35 days starts to transplant, and has planted before being later than June 15 most;

Density: line-spacing 8-9 cun, 4 cun of spacing in the rows, 1.6-1.8 ten thousand is counted in a mu cave, individual plant transplanting, every cave 4 seedlings, every mu of Basic Seedling 70,000, plants and will accomplish shallow, straight, even, surely, stays a ventilating duct every 2.5-3.0 rice;

Fertilising:

Fertilization principle: grasp the principle of " front heavy, middle control, rear steady ", accomplish early to send out early stage steady long, the later stage is de-fertile, improves ripening rate, increases thousand kernel weight;

Total fertilization amount: 650 kilograms of per mu yield paddy, the field mu of medium above soil fertility is executed 15 kilograms of purity nitrogens, and the poor field mu of soil fertility is executed 16 kilograms of purity nitrogens, and nitrogen phosphoris and potassium fertilizer ratio is 1:0.5:0.75;

Fertilizer application: base, fetilizer for tillering ratio are 6:4;

Base manure mu is executed fertile 50 kilograms of BB, is spread on ground before arable land, ploughs under immediately in soil;

After transplanting, within 5-7 days, impose tillering fertilizer, mu is executed fertile 10 kilograms of 10 kilograms, urea and BB, and whether fringe, granulated fertilizer determine to mend to execute according to Later Stage of Rice growing way, and growing way is more prosperous not to be executed; ;

Topdress and use should there is no water layer in field time, after fertilizer is by adsorption by soil, go up again water;

Guan Shui:

Suitable water transplants seedlings, and very little water is lived, and shallow water is tillered, the roasting field of enough seedlings, and in the time that mu seedling number reaches 13-14 ten thousand, the roasting field of draining in time, bakes leaf look and moves back when light, field does not fall into pin and go up water again, carries out dry field after waiting nature to fall to doing again, so repeatedly, until jointing; After jointing, field keeps moistening, and booting blooming stage is filled with shallow water, takes intermittent irrigation between the pustulation period, remains moisture state, until yellow maturity is broken wet in before harvesting 5-7 days;

Chemical weed control: 5-7 days after transplanting, carries out chemical weed control with easily killing spy or butachlor;

Diseases and pests controlling: prevent and treat rice thrips with Rogor, dimehypo seedling stage; Indulge leaf snout moth's larva with dimehypo, chlorophos control rice tiller-booting stage; Tiller, booting stage is with Folithion, Hostathion, dimehypo control striped rice borer, paddy stem borer; Later stage is prevented and treated rice fulgorid with isoprocarb, buprofezin; Can prevent and treat banded sclerotial blight tiller-heading stage with jinggangmeisu, topsin, kitazine, mazn; Before cut, within 7-10 days, prevent and treat false smut with rice Qu Qing, the withered spirit of standing grain, pest Qu Kexing.

Wide fragrant excellent No. 36 differences from prior art of the present invention are: the present invention is wide fragrantly excellently has that particle shape is elongated, glittering and translucent, rice is of fine quality, output is high for No. 36, resistance, adaptation extensively, the feature such as thick flavor.Odor type hybrid rice of the present invention shows as: 98 centimetres of plant heights, and plant type compactness, sword-like leave straight elevator, leaf look greener, and tillering ability is stronger, spike length 22cm, 176 of every total grain panicle numbers, 25 grams of left and right of ripening rate 85.8% thousand kernel weight.Output 618.6kg/ mu, than excellent 838 volume increase 4.32% of check variety II, rice matter reaches edible rice secondary standard promulgated by the ministries or commissions of the Central Government.Leading indicator: head rice rate 63.7%--67%, the white grain of chalk rate 8-20%, chalkiness degree 0.8-1.4%, amylose 15-17%, glue denseness 72-77cm.Middle blast resisting and bacterial leaf-blight, this aromatic rice grain of rice is elongated, meter Zhi Hao, rice is fragrant sliding, and soft good to eat, Cooking Quality is splendid.

Embodiment

Embodiment 1

Main program and method that the present invention cultivates wide fragrant excellent No. 36 of Quasi-aromatic Hybrid Rice kind are: (1) selects breeding material; (2) cultivate respectively the dulcet male parent kind of tool and maternal kind; (3) the dulcet father of apparatus, maternal kind, group gas-mixing hybridization seed selection forms the dulcet Hybrid of tool.The features such as this kind will have that particle shape is elongated, glittering and translucent, rice is of fine quality, output is high, resistance, adaptation are wide, thick flavor.

Odor type restorer seed selection: select to raise rice No. 6, five mountain silk seedlings, make breeding material middle fragrant No. 1.

Raise rice No. 6: affinity is strong, meter Zhi Hao, resistance against diseases is strong, lodging tolerance good, but breeding time is slightly long, and tillering ability is medium.Five mountain silk seedlings: aspect ratio is large, and meter Zhi Geng is excellent, and tillering ability is strong, moderate growth duration, but disease-resistant capacity for the resistance to lodging is slightly poor.In aromatic rice, No. one, perfume, has natural jasmine fragrance.

With raising rice, No. 6, five mountain silk seedlings, a middle fragrant artificial hybridization select: wide affinity, rice is of fine quality, tillering ability is strong, disease-resistant resistant to lodging, the dulcet superior restorer line of moderate growth duration tool.

Odor type sterile line breeding: with odor type kind agriculture fragrant 98 and Guangzhan 63S hybridization, of fine quality, the savory male sterile line of the wide affine rice of seed selection.

Breeding step:

(1) fragrant 98 each 5 strains of plantation Guangzhan 63S and agriculture, the ear differentiation 4-6 phase while controlling Guangzhan 63S growth, are in daily mean temperature more than 24 DEG C, daily maximum temperature not higher than 32 DEG C of conditions under, manually award Guangzhan 63S column cap fragrant agriculture 98 flower pesticide, combo in pairs, results F ₀for seed.

(2) the same year, planted F in Hainan winter ₀in generation, plants, at F ₀in process of growth, while controlling ear differentiation 4-6 phase, mean temperature of air, below 24 DEG C, is collected F April ₁for seed.

(3) sow F May in then ₁for seed, select complete sterile strain autumn in colony's body, cuts stubble regeneration results F ₂for seed.

(4) plant F in Hainan by (2) program ₂for seed, and gather in the crops F ₃for seed.

(5) sow F mid-May in Huainan ₃for seed, in colony, select complete sterile strain autumn, cut stubble mid-August and regenerate in left and right results F by the end of October ₄for seed.

(6) method sowing F before the repetition of Hainan ₄for seed, gather in the crops F spring in next year ₅for seed.

(7) sow F mid-May in Huainan ₅for seed, plant fragrant 98 seeds of agriculture simultaneously and compare, in four leaf phases, with KOH method discriminating F ₅fragrance for blade position has or not, deep or light.Concrete operations: first get agriculture perfume (or spice) 98, count 10 strains, get 2 grams of left and right of rice leaf of 4 leaf phases, after chopping, put into 20ml band plug teat glass, in each band plug teat glass that sample is housed, add the KOH solution of 10ml mass concentration 17g/L, and cover immediately stopper, leave standstill, in the time of 10min and 20min, differentiate fragrance with sense of smell respectively and have or not.Each 3-5 people judges, does fragrance contrast, then from F ₅seed individual plant is got 4 leaf phase 2g left and right blades, numbering respectively, with KOH soak blade method differentiate fragrance have or not, deep or light, contrast with fragrant 98 fragrance of agriculture, record respectively, then press fragrance: fragrant, light perfume (or spice), without statistic of classification, according to comprehensive statistics result, select blade fragrance to be richer than agriculture fragrant 98 or to approach very much individual plant with it and retain and observe.Eliminate light perfume (or spice) or without fragrant individual plant, choose sterile savory individual plant completely mid-August, cut stubble regeneration results F ₆for seed.

(8) mid or late November is sowed F in Hainan ₆for seed, plant agriculture perfume (or spice) 98 and compare, in F ₆when the 4 leaf phase of generation, by KOH immersion blade method, differentiate each individual plant fragrance, deep or light, retain than fragrant 98 thick flavor of agriculture or consistent individual plant, the sub-F of sowing ₇generation (8) according in Huainan, Hainan plants and detects fragrance, the sub-F of sowing ₈, F ₉for seed.

(9) F ₉send Hua Zhong Agriculture University in the controlled environment chamber for seed, do fertility transition detection qualification, retain transformation critical temperature lower than the individual plant of 23.5 DEG C, in sending Hainan breeding each season, results single-strain seed, this batch of seed is exactly the savory odor type male sterile line that has Guangzhan 63S and fragrant 98 advantages of agriculture concurrently, wide fragrant 38S.

The seed selection of odor type restorer

Make female parent No. 6 in Huainan with raising rice, make male parent with five mountain silk seedlings, adopt warm water gametocide method, artificial hybridization in mid-August.

Warm water gametocide method: principle is to utilize female, the stamen of paddy rice to have obvious warm tolerance difference, and gynoecium warm tolerance is stronger, pollen warm tolerance especially a little less than.In the warm water of 42-45 DEG C, process after 5-10 minute, pollen will completely lose vitality, and pistil stigma still keeps vitality, reaches the object of emasculation.

Operating procedure comprises:

1) raising No. 6 spike of rice flowering naturallies of rice first 1 hour, hot water is filled with in applying hot water bottles, uses thermometer measure water temperature, and water temperature is adjusted to 43-44 DEG C.

2) will raise No. 6 tassels of rice and tilt to stretch into carefully in thermos bottle, continue 3-5 minute.

3) be disposed, take out spike of rice, shrug off the ponding on fringe.Wait for 25 minutes, the grain husk flower of having reached maturity and being about to bloom the same day, will open successively.

4) still immature grain husk is spent, and after processing, its pollen still has vitality, and they are all cut.

5) spend little scissors to cut off one by one 1/3 of clever shell open grain husk, award five mountain silk seedling pollen.

6) put paper bag by raising No. 6 spikes of rice of rice after producing Crossbred, hang up label, on label, indicate Parent title, hybridization date etc.

After results seed, make female parent winter at Lingshui, Hainan plantation artificial hybridization seed, in plantation, perfume is made male parent No. 1.At Rice Heading blooming stage, crossbreed pollen is killed by warm water gametocide method, in fragrant No. 1 pollen award on crossbreed column cap, and bagging, hangs up label, collects the sub-F of triple hybrid ₀for seed, breeding F ₀in generation, is to F ₄in generation, obtain separating basicly stable plant seed.By KOH immersion blade method, detect hybrid seed fragrance, retain thick flavor or approach No. 1 individual plant of middle perfume, respectively numbering.Each individual plant is planted into respectively strain, eliminates and separates individual plant, until it is stable in process of growth.From stablizing many strain seeds, sample the test of making comparisons.Record different strains, economical character and economic characters, second trial, according to twice average result, from aspect overall merits such as plant height, every total grain panicle number, tiller number, breeding time, ripening rate, thousand kernel weight, output rice matter, disease resistances, choose target strain, name restorer fragrant extensive 68.

Wide fragrant excellent No. 36 seed selections of odor type hybrid rice:

Taking wide fragrant 38S as maternal, fragrant extensive 68 is male parent, and combo is cultivated into the wide perfume of Quasi-aromatic Hybrid Rice kind excellent No. 36.

" wide fragrant excellent No. 36 " seeding technique operational procedure:

One, production of hybrid seeds base isolation

1, space isolation: japonica rice is apart from production of hybrid seeds district 500M, long-grained nonglutinous rice 300M.

2, barrier isolation: the inside and outside each male parent of planting 20 meters of artificial 5 meters wide 2 meters high, the 2 meters high fabrics of long-stalked crop (various cloth) that arrange of dam.

3, mountains and rivers, lake.

Two, Parent sowing arranges

1, determining of best heading stage:

Female parent transformation temperature is 23.5 DEG C, before heading in 10-15 days if mean temperature of air is for three days on end below 23.5 DEG C, easily recover fertility.Flowering stage, it is solid that the maximum air temperature more than 33 DEG C affects insemination if mean temperature of air is more than 28 DEG C.For avoiding above-mentioned unfavourable weather condition, flowering stage should be August 21-25.

2, male parent date of seeding and interval

According to the requirement in above-mentioned flowering stage, male parent arrangement divided for three phases.First phase male parent was met with maternal phase beginning; Second phase bag full-bloom stage; At three whole florescences of phase bag, guarantee maternal sufficient pollen amount.Concrete date of seeding, is: the first phase was broadcast May 3, and between three phase male parents, the poor phase is respectively 6 days.

3, determining of maternal date of seeding

The following three aspects: arrangement of poor basis of date of seeding between female parent and first phase male parent:

1. accumulated temperature is poor: 180 DEG C of-230 DEG C (the more than 12 DEG C effective temperature) left and right of the effective accumulated temperature of broadcasting the poor phase between male parent and female parent.

2. leaf age is poor: first phase male parent and maternal leaf age are poor is 6.2-6.5 leaf.

3. broadcast the poor phase: the poor phase of broadcasting between first phase male parent and female parent is 26-28 days.

Three, seedling

For cultivating strong seedling, increase total pollen amount, extend the individual plant florescence, ensure the pollen amount of maternal required abundance, male parent one, second phase are all taked to two sections of seedling, male parent broadcast after a leaf wholeheartedly start to post seedling.Posting seedling specification is: 3 × 3 cun of first phase male parents; 2 × 2 cun of second phases, all post slotting individual plant; Three phase water-raised seedlings, directly plant to land for growing field crops.

The maternal light seeding water-raised seedling of wanting, clean rice seedling bed seeding quantity is no more than 10 kilograms.While transplanting about 20 days, be with tiller 2-3.

Four, transplanting and specification

1, plant configuration:

Parental is 1:14, and row is to thing; Between three phases, male parent ratio is 2:4:2.

2, moisture in the soil is wide is 7.2 chis

Line-spacing: 4 cun of maternal line-spacings; Male parent sunny slope is apart from maternal 8 cun, and opaco is 1.2 chis.

Spacing in the rows: male parent is 4.5 cun; Female parent is 3 cun.

3, transplant

Maternal mu is planted 3.2 ten thousand left and right, cave, every cave 5-6 tiller seedling (2 seed seedlings).One, three phases of male parent are mu cultivation 460 strains left and right respectively, and second phase mu is planted about 926 strains.Two sections post seedling one, the second stage of individual plant is respectively 12-16,10-14 and tillers; Three phase male parents can be planted two seed seedlings (10 left and right seedling tillers).

0.5 chi of first ditching while transplanting seedlings is planted in male parent on bank, guarantees to have planted before and after June 15.Rear cultivation is maternal, about June 25, has planted.Stay the ditch of getting bumper crops, two perpendicular horizontal strokes.

Five, rich water quality management

1, fertilising:

1. principle: the front weight of maternal fertilising, middle control, rear benefit; The ratio of base manure, fetilizer for tillering, ear manuer is 7:2:1; Mu needs 14 kilograms of purity nitrogens, and the ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus, potash fertilizer is 1:0.5:0.5.Base manure is wanted applying organic manure, adds phosphorus, potash fertilizer, and the main fertile production of hybrid seeds special fertilizer that adopts, requires mu to execute farmyard manure 1500-3000 kilogram, executes lower rake and thoroughly flattens with whole.

2. male parent fertilising, male parent is transplanted seedlings the previous day, executes 7.5 kilograms of special fertilizers along male parent row.Because male parent is long breeding time, fertilizer requirement is large, should after male parent is planted, within 5-7 days, chase after ball fertilizer for the first time; Under ball fertilizer can be executed before booting for the second time, to promote the differentiation of grain husk flower, reach the large grain husk of fringe and spend many objects.The way of ball fertilizer: add the mixed 15-20 kilogram of fine earth of 2.5 jin of urea or miscellaneous fertilizers with 5 kilograms of special fertilizers, water spray is made more than 400 fertile ball, fills in a ball every the space of two strains with hand.Executing for the second time ball fertilizer executes between another two strain spaces.

3. maternal fertilising: 2-3 days before maternal cultivation, execute 37.5 kilograms+5 kilograms urea of production of hybrid seeds special fertilizer in conjunction with whole land, when three phase of panicle spike primordium differentiation stage, chase after and attack 5 kilograms of special fertilizer+2.5 kilogram urea of ear manuer.

4. balance fertilizer: Parent, on above-mentioned fertilising basis, sees that seedling executes balance fertilizer ingeniously, impels growing way sane, controls prosperous length, and science is made good use of ear manuer, sprays twice potassium dihydrogen phosphate and makees granulated fertilizer.The strict nitrogenous fertilizer of controlling, enriches phosphorus, potash fertilizer.

2, water starch management

1. shallow water transplants seedlings and fits alive of water.

2. do a good job of it emphatically early because of the roasting field of seedling, method is carried out repeatedly roasting, and the field root that ftractures, whitens is baked in the roasting field of enough Miao Houda (17-18 ten thousand seedlings) drainings, and leaf variable color, consolidates effective tiller, and the strong bar of short root, enters the rehydration booting of ear differentiation second phase.Later stage does wet, cuts off the water supply ahead of time, controls rear and tillers solid.

Six, make good use of " 920 "

Maternal very responsive to " 920 ", general mu 30 grams of left and right of consumption, divide and use for 3-4 time.Maternal 7 end of term of ear differentiation are gently adjusted 4 grams for the first time, and maternal 78 beginnings of the end of term of ear differentiation are cut leaf, see that cut reveals fringe mu spray " 920 " 16 grams of left and right; Next day, mu was with 10 grams of left and right.If meeting above rain shower should mend and execute in time.

Seven, be strictly on guard against black powder, banded sclerotial blight and other damage by disease and insect

1, banded sclerotial blight: tillering, with jinggangmeisu and triadimefon control three times, control its harm booting stage respectively.

2, smut:

1. cultural control, rational close planting, stops ineffective tillering, controls N element, and science Guan Shui, impels plant strain growth stalwartness, and creates the field microclimate of unfavorable smut, suppresses, alleviates disease and occur.

2. chemical control, sprays once with triadimefon before heading cut, and with 50 grams/acre of content 20% triadimefon emulsions, flowering finishes to use once for rear 1-2 days, and consumption is the same.

After heading respectively at begin flower, Sheng Hua, spend three to prevent and treat three times with the black spirit of going out (35 grams/bag) between entering eventually.Two barrels of each minimum spray liquid medicine (35 kilograms of left and right).

3, other sick worms:

Note thrips and the Lissorhoptrus oryzophilus Kuschel control in seedling stage.Pay close attention to snout moth's larva control.

Eight, conscientious impurity elimination

In rice seedling bed, the various farming activities in land for growing field crops, can be distinguished according to plant type, height, leaf look, phimosis, pollen fertility etc., hybrid strain and special-shaped strain are pulled out.Particularly cutting Ye Qianhe milk ripe stage wants emphasis to carry out removal of impurities work.Be strictly on guard against the mechanical admixture of receiving in solarization process.

Wide fragrant excellent No. 36 high-yield culture technique methods:

One, seedling

(1) target: when transplanting, rice shoot is of the right age, 3 of every strain band evil, the strong leaf of seedling is green, and short white root is many, anosis worm.

(2) rice seedling bed: select irrigation and drainage convenience, sick worm and the few field of weeds, irrigated mursery furrow face is flat clean, has mud scum, and seedling plate is soft and not rotten: dry nursery furrow face is smooth, broken, the fertile soil, soft of soil.

(3) base manure: mu is executed 12 kilograms, urea, 40 kilograms of superphosphate, 10 kilograms, potassium chloride.

(4) date of seeding: 25 days-May 2 April date of seeding.

(5) amount of broadcasting: every mu of rice seedling bed is sowed 10-12 kilograms, accomplishes that premature rice is even.

(6) Guan Shui: furrow irrigation as 2 leaf phases are last, keep furrow face moistening, 2 leaf after dates keep shallow water.

(7) topdress: 2 every mu of leaf phase were executed 5 kilograms, urea, 4 leaf phases saw seedling is mended and execute balance fertilizer.

(8) other: 2 leaf phases can spray paclobutrazol, impelled that rice shoot tiller is many, root is prosperous, seedling is short, Miao Zhuan; After 3-4 leaf, attention control seedling stage diseases and pests.

Two, field production management

(1) target

Send out tillering stage soon, reaches in time only seedling of seedling; Panicle spike primordium differentiation stage is surely long, forms yielding Populations; Productive phase, is blue or green elegant old strong, lives ripe in old, and many of grains are full.

(2) wholely

After organic fertilizer, non watered ploughing is suned the earth which has been ploughed up, and tilling depth 3-5 cun, the dry harrow-like implement for pulverizing soil rake leveling of pouring water of turning up soil, accomplishes that native broken mud is rotten, and field face is smooth.

(3) transplanting time

Length of time rice seedlings grow 30-35 days starts to transplant, and arrish should strive early planting, and should before June 15, plant at the latest.

(4) density

Line-spacing 8-9 cun, 4 cun of spacing in the rows, 1.6-1.8 ten thousand is counted, individual plant transplanting, every cave 4 seedlings, every mu of Basic Seedling 70,000 left and right in mu cave.Plant and will accomplish shallow, straight, even, surely, stay a ventilating duct every 2.5-3.0 rice.

(5) fertilising

1, fertilization principle: grasp the principle of " front heavy, middle control, rear steady ", accomplish early to send out early stage steady long, the later stage is de-fertile, improves ripening rate, increases thousand kernel weight.

2, total fertilization amount: 650 kilograms of per mu yield paddy, the field mu of medium above soil fertility is executed 15 kilograms of purity nitrogens, and the poor field mu of soil fertility is executed 16 kilograms of purity nitrogens.Nitrogen phosphoris and potassium fertilizer ratio is 1:0.5:0.75.

3, fertilizer application: base, fetilizer for tillering ratio are 6:4.

Base manure mu is executed fertile 50 kilograms of BB, is spread on ground before arable land, ploughs under immediately in soil.

After transplanting, within 5-7 days, impose tillering fertilizer, mu is executed fertile 10 kilograms of 10 kilograms+BB of urea.Whether fringe, granulated fertilizer determine to mend to execute according to Later Stage of Rice growing way, and growing way is more prosperous not to be executed, and prevents remaining green when it is due to become yellow and ripe lodging of later stage

Topdress and use should there is no water layer in field time, go up again water after waiting fertilizer by adsorption by soil.

(6) Guan Shui:

Suitable water transplants seedlings, alive of very little water, and shallow water is tillered, the roasting field of enough seedlings.In the time that mu seedling number reaches 13-14 ten thousand, the roasting field of in time draining, bakes leaf look and moves back when light, field does not fall into pin and go up water again, carries out dry field after waiting nature to fall to doing again, so repeatedly, until jointing.After jointing, field keeps moistening, and booting blooming stage is filled with shallow water, takes intermittent irrigation between the pustulation period, remains moisture state, until yellow maturity.Necessarily can not cut off the water supply too early, within before general harvesting 5-7 days, break wet, in order to avoid there is blue or green withered strain.

(7) chemical weed control:

5-7 days after transplanting, can select and easily kill spy or butachlor etc. and eliminate.

(8) diseases and pests controlling:

Do prediction well, grasp disease insect pest situation condition, prevent and treat in time various damage by disease and insect.Prevent and treat rice thrips with Rogor, dimehypo seedling stage; Indulge leaf snout moth's larva with dimehypo, chlorophos control rice tiller-booting stage; Tiller, can use Folithion booting stage, Hostathion, dimehypo control striped rice borer, paddy stem borer; Later stage can be used isoprocarb, buprofezin control rice fulgorid; Can prevent and treat banded sclerotial blight tiller-heading stage with jinggangmeisu, topsin, kitazine, mazn; Before cut, 7-10 days available rice Qu Qing, the withered spirit of standing grain, pest Qu Kexing prevent and treat false smut.

The present invention is fragrant excellent No. 36 show as extensively: 98 centimetres of plant heights, and plant type compactness, sword-like leave straight elevator, leaf look greener, and tillering ability is stronger, spike length 22cm, 176 of every total grain panicle numbers, 25 grams of left and right of ripening rate 85.8% thousand kernel weight.Output 618.6kg/ mu, than excellent 838 volume increase 4.32% of check variety II, rice matter reaches edible rice secondary standard promulgated by the ministries or commissions of the Central Government.

Mainization index: head rice rate 63.7%--67%, the white grain of chalk rate 8-20%, chalkiness degree 0.8-1.4%, amylose 15-17%, glue denseness 72-77cm, middle blast resisting and bacterial leaf-blight, this aromatic rice grain of rice is elongated, meter Zhi Hao, rice is fragrant sliding, and soft good to eat, Cooking Quality is splendid.

Above-described embodiment is described the preferred embodiment of the present invention; not scope of the present invention is limited; design under the prerequisite of spirit not departing from the present invention; various distortion and improvement that those of ordinary skill in the art make technical scheme of the present invention, all should fall in the definite protection domain of the claims in the present invention book.

Claims (8)

1. the extensively selection of fragrant excellent No. 36 of hybrid rice, is characterized in that: taking wide fragrant 38S as maternal, fragrant extensive 68 carry out hybrid seeding for male parent, obtain new varieties extensively fragrant excellent No. 36.

2. the selection of wide fragrant excellent No. 36 of hybrid rice according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described wide fragrant 38S is taking Guangzhan 63S as maternal, and agriculture fragrant 98 is carried out hybrid seeding acquisition for male parent.

3. the extensively selection of fragrant excellent No. 36 of hybrid rice according to claim 2, is characterized in that: the selection cross method of described wide fragrant 38S comprises the steps:

(1) fragrant 98 each 5 strains of plantation Guangzhan 63S and agriculture, the ear differentiation 4-6 phase while controlling Guangzhan 63S growth, are in daily mean temperature more than 24 DEG C, daily maximum temperature not higher than 32 DEG C of conditions under, manually award Guangzhan 63S column cap fragrant agriculture 98 flower pesticide, combo in pairs, results F ₀for seed;

(2) the same year, planted F in Hainan winter ₀in generation, plants, at F ₀in process of growth, while controlling ear differentiation 4-6 phase, mean temperature of air, below 24 DEG C, is collected F April ₁for seed;

(3) sow F May in then ₁for seed, in colony, select complete sterile strain autumn, cut stubble regeneration results F ₂for seed;

(4) plant F in Hainan by the method for step (2) ₂for seed, and gather in the crops F ₃for seed;

(5) sow F mid-May in Huainan ₃for seed, in colony, select complete sterile strain autumn, cut stubble mid-August and regenerate in left and right results F by the end of October ₄for seed;

(6) sow F in the method for Hainan repeating step (2) ₄for seed, gather in the crops F spring in next year ₅for seed;

(7) sow F mid-May in Huainan ₅for seed, plant fragrant 98 seeds of agriculture simultaneously and compare, in four leaf phases, with KOH method discriminating F ₅fragrance for blade position has or not, deep or light; Concrete operations: first get agriculture perfume (or spice) 98, totally 10 strains, get 2 grams of left and right of rice leaf of 4 leaf phases, after chopping, put into 20ml band plug teat glass, in each band plug teat glass that sample is housed, add the KOH solution of 10ml mass concentration 17g/L, and cover immediately stopper, leave standstill, in the time of 10min and 20min, differentiate fragrance with sense of smell respectively and have or not; Each 3-5 people judges, does fragrance contrast; Again from F ₅seed individual plant is got 4 leaf phase 2g left and right blades, numbering respectively, with KOH soak blade method differentiate fragrance have or not, deep or light, contrast with fragrant 98 fragrance of agriculture, record respectively, then presses fragrance: fragrant, light perfume (or spice), without statistic of classification; According to comprehensive statistics result, select blade fragrance to be richer than agriculture fragrant 98 or to approach very much individual plant with it and retain observation; Eliminate light perfume (or spice) or without fragrant individual plant; Choose sterile savory individual plant completely mid-August, cut stubble regeneration results F ₆for seed;

(8) mid or late November is sowed F in Hainan ₆for seed, plant agriculture perfume (or spice) 98 and compare, in F ₆when the 4 leaf phase of generation, by KOH immersion blade method, differentiate each individual plant fragrance, deep or light; Retain than fragrant 98 thick flavor of agriculture or consistent individual plant, the sub-F of sowing ₇generation;

(8) according in Huainan, Hainan plants and detects fragrance, the sub-F of sowing ₈, F ₉for seed;

(9) F ₉for seed in the controlled environment chamber, do fertility transition detection qualification, retain transformation critical temperature lower than the individual plant of 23.5 DEG C, in sending Hainan breeding each season, results single-strain seed, i.e. wide fragrant 38S.

4. the extensively selection of fragrant excellent No. 36 of hybrid rice according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: extensive 68 series of described perfume (or spice) are to raise rice No. 6 for maternal, five mountain silk seedlings are that the paternal hybrid production of hybrid seeds obtains hybrid seed, taking described hybrid seed as maternal, middle fragrant No. 1 is the paternal hybrid production of hybrid seeds, obtains fragrant extensive 68 series.

5. the extensively selection of fragrant excellent No. 36 of hybrid rice according to claim 4, is characterized in that: the selection of extensive 68 series of described perfume (or spice) comprises the steps:

Make female parent No. 6 in Huainan with raising rice, make male parent with five mountain silk seedlings, adopt warm water gametocide method, artificial hybridization in mid-August;

Warm water gametocide method: process 5-10 minute in the warm water of 42-45 DEG C;

Cross method: raising No. 6 spike of rice flowering naturallies of rice first 1 hour, hot water is filled with in applying hot water bottles, uses thermometer measure water temperature, and water temperature is adjusted to 43-44 DEG C;

To raise No. 6 tassels of rice and tilt to stretch into carefully in thermos bottle, continue 3-5 minute; The taking-up spike of rice that is disposed, shrugs off the ponding on fringe, waits for 25 minutes, and the grain husk flower that was about to bloom the same day of having reached maturity will be opened successively; Cut all still immature clever colored; Open grain husk flower is cut off to 1/3 of clever shell one by one with little scissors, award five mountain silk seedling pollen; Put paper bag by raising No. 6 spikes of rice of rice after producing Crossbred, hang up label, on label, indicate Parent title, hybridization date;

After results hybrid seed, maternal with hybrid seed work in the plantation of Lingshui, Hainan winter, in plantation, perfume is made male parent No. 1, at Rice Heading blooming stage, crossbreed pollen is killed by warm water gametocide method, in fragrant No. 1 pollen award on crossbreed column cap, and bagging, hang up label, collect the sub-F of triple hybrid ₀for seed, breeding F ₀in generation, is to F ₄in generation, obtain separating basicly stable plant seed; By KOH immersion blade method, detect hybrid seed fragrance, retain thick flavor or approach No. 1 individual plant of middle perfume, respectively numbering; Each individual plant is planted into respectively strain, eliminates and separates individual plant, until it is stable in process of growth; From stablizing many strain seeds, sample, the test of making comparisons, records different strain economical characters and economic characters; Second trial, according to twice average result, from plant height, every total grain panicle number, tiller number, breeding time, ripening rate, thousand kernel weight, output, meter Zhi, disease resistance aspect overall merit, chooses target strain, and being restored is fragrant extensive 68.

6. the extensively selection of fragrant excellent No. 36 of hybrid rice according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described male parent is fragrant extensive 68.

7. the extensively selection of fragrant excellent No. 36 of hybrid rice according to claim 1, is characterized in that: comprise the steps:

(1) determining of best heading stage:

Female parent transformation temperature is 23.5 DEG C, before heading in 10-15 days if mean temperature of air is for three days on end below 23.5 DEG C, easily recover fertility, flowering stage is if mean temperature of air is more than 28 DEG C, it is solid that the maximum air temperature more than 33 DEG C affects insemination, for avoiding above-mentioned unfavourable weather condition, be selected in August 21-25 flowering stage;

(2) male parent date of seeding and interval

Male parent arrangement divided for three phases; First phase male parent was met with maternal phase beginning; Second phase bag full-bloom stage; Three whole florescences of phase bag, guarantee maternal sufficient pollen amount, concrete date of seeding, is: the first phase was broadcast May 3, between three phase male parents, the poor phase is respectively 6 days;

(3) determining of maternal date of seeding

The following three aspects: arrangement of poor basis of date of seeding between female parent and first phase male parent:

The temperature difference: the effective accumulated temperature of broadcasting the poor phase between male parent and female parent is 180 DEG C-230 DEG C;

Age is poor: first phase male parent and maternal leaf age are poor is 6.2-6.5 leaf;

The poor phase: the poor phase of broadcasting between first phase male parent and female parent is 26-28 days;

(4) seedling

Male parent one, second phase are all taked to two sections of seedling, male parent broadcast after a leaf wholeheartedly start to post seedling, post seedling specification and be: 3 × 3 cun of first phase male parents; 2 × 2 cun of second phases, all post seedling and insert individual plant; Three phase water-raised seedlings, directly plant to land for growing field crops;

The maternal light seeding water-raised seedling of wanting, clean rice seedling bed seeding quantity is no more than 10 kilograms, within 20 days, is with tiller 2-3 while transplanting;

(5) transplanting and specification

Plant configuration: parental is 1:14, row is to thing; Between three phases, male parent ratio is 2:4:2;

Moisture in the soil is wide is 7.2 chis;

Line-spacing: 4 cun of maternal line-spacings; Male parent sunny slope is apart from maternal 8 cun, and opaco is 1.2 chis;

Spacing in the rows: male parent is 4.5 cun; Female parent is 3 cun;

(6) transplant

Maternal mu is planted 3.2 ten thousand caves, every cave 5-6 tiller seedling, 2 seed seedlings, one, three phases of male parent respectively mu plant 460 strains, second phase mu is planted 926 strains, two sections post seedling one, the second stage of individual plant is respectively 12-16,10-14 and tillers; Three phase male parents are planted two seed seedlings, 10 seedling tillers;

0.5 chi of first ditching while transplanting seedlings is planted in male parent on bank, guarantees to have planted before and after June 15, and rear cultivation is maternal, has planted June 25, stays the ditch of getting bumper crops, two perpendicular horizontal strokes;

(7) rich water quality management

Fertilising:

Principle: the front weight of maternal fertilising, middle control, rear benefit; The ratio of base manure, fetilizer for tillering, ear manuer is 7:2:1; Mu needs 14 kilograms of purity nitrogens, and the ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus, potash fertilizer is 1:0.5:0.5, and base manure is wanted applying organic manure, adds phosphorus, potash fertilizer, and the main fertile production of hybrid seeds special fertilizer that adopts, requires mu to execute farmyard manure 1500-3000 kilogram, executes lower rake and thoroughly flattens with whole;

Male parent fertilising, male parent is transplanted seedlings the previous day, executes 7.5 kilograms of fertilizer along male parent row, and because male parent is long breeding time, fertilizer requirement is large, should after male parent is planted, within 5-7 days, chase after ball fertilizer for the first time; Under ball fertilizer is executed before booting for the second time; The way of ball fertilizer: add 2.5 jin of urea with 5 kilograms of fertilizer and mix 15-20 kilogram of fine earth or miscellaneous fertilizers, water spray is made more than 400 fertile ball, fills in a ball with hand every the space of two strains, executes for the second time ball fertilizer and executes between another two strain spaces;

Maternal fertilising: 2-3 days before maternal cultivation, execute 37.5 kilograms of production of hybrid seeds special fertilizers and 5 kilograms of urea in conjunction with whole land, when three phase of panicle spike primordium differentiation stage, chase after and attack 5 kilograms of fertilizer of ear manuer and add 2.5 kilograms of urea;

Balance fertilizer: Parent, on fertilising basis, sees that seedling executes balance fertilizer ingeniously, impels growing way sane, controls prosperous length, makes good use of ear manuer, sprays twice potassium dihydrogen phosphate and makees granulated fertilizer, controls nitrogenous fertilizer, enriches phosphorus, potash fertilizer;

(8) water starch management

Shallow water transplants seedlings and fits alive of water;

Do a good job of it emphatically early because of the roasting field of seedling, method is carried out repeatedly roasting, reaches the roasting field of draining after 17-18 ten thousand seedlings after enough seedlings, bakes the field root that ftractures, whitens, leaf variable color, consolidates effective tiller, and the strong bar of short root, enters the rehydration booting of ear differentiation second phase, later stage does wet, cuts off the water supply ahead of time, controls rear and tillers solid;

(9) use " 920 " hormone:

Maternal mu 30 grams of left and right of consumption, point use for 3-4 time, and maternal 7 end of term of ear differentiation are gently adjusted 4 grams for the first time, maternal 78 beginnings of the end of term of ear differentiation, cut leaf when booting cut, and see that cut reveals fringe mu and sprays " 920 " 16 grams; Next day, mu was with 10 grams of left and right;

(10) extermination of disease and insect pest

Banded sclerotial blight: tillering, booting stage is respectively with jinggangmeisu and triadimefon control three times;

Smut:

Cultural control, rational close planting, stops ineffective tillering, controls N element, and science Guan Shui, impels plant strain growth stalwartness, and creates the field microclimate of unfavorable smut, suppresses, alleviates disease and occur;

Chemical control, sprays once with triadimefon before heading cut, and with 50 grams/acre of content 20% triadimefon emulsions, flowering finishes to use once for rear 1-2 days, 50 grams/acre of consumptions;

After heading respectively at begin flower, Sheng Hua, eventually spend three during with the black spirit of going out, specification is 35 grams/bag, prevents and treats three times; Two barrels of each minimum spray liquid medicine, two barrels is 35 kilograms;

(11) impurity elimination:

Distinguished according to plant type, height, leaf look, phimosis, pollen fertility, hybrid strain and special-shaped strain are pulled out, cut Ye Qianhe milk ripe stage and carry out removal of impurities work, be strictly on guard against the mechanical admixture of receiving in solarization process.

8. the extensively selection of fragrant excellent No. 36 of hybrid rice according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the new varieties that results obtain the extensively cultivation method of fragrant excellent No. 36 comprise the steps:

Seedling:

Rice seedling bed: select irrigation and drainage convenience, sick worm and the few field of weeds, irrigated mursery furrow face is flat clean, has mud scum, and seedling plate is soft and not rotten, dry nursery furrow face is smooth, broken, the fertile soil, soft of soil;

Base manure: mu is executed 12 kilograms, urea, 40 kilograms of superphosphate, 10 kilograms, potassium chloride;

Date of seeding: 25 days-May 5 April date of seeding;

The amount of broadcasting: every mu of rice seedling bed sowing 10-12 kilogram, accomplishes that premature rice is even;

Guan Shui: furrow irrigation before 2 leaf phases, keep furrow face moistening, 2 leaf after dates keep shallow water;

Topdress: 2 every mu of leaf phase were executed 5 kilograms, urea, 4 leaf phases saw seedling is mended and execute balance fertilizer;

Other: 2 leaf phases can spray paclobutrazol, impelled that rice shoot tiller is many, root is prosperous, seedling is short, Miao Zhuan; After 3-4 leaf, control seedling stage diseases and pests;

Field production management:

Whole ground: after organic fertilizer, non watered ploughing is suned the earth which has been ploughed up, tilling depth 3-5 cun, the dry harrow-like implement for pulverizing soil rake leveling of pouring water of turning up soil, accomplishes that native broken mud is rotten, field face is smooth;

Transplanting time: length of time rice seedlings grow 30-35 days starts to transplant, and has planted before being later than June 15 most;

Density: line-spacing 8-9 cun, 4 cun of spacing in the rows, 1.6-1.8 ten thousand is counted in a mu cave, individual plant transplanting, every cave 4 seedlings, every mu of Basic Seedling 70,000, plants and will accomplish shallow, straight, even, surely, stays a ventilating duct every 2.5-3.0 rice;

Fertilising:

Fertilization principle: grasp the principle of " front heavy, middle control, rear steady ", accomplish early to send out early stage steady long, the later stage is de-fertile, improves ripening rate, increases thousand kernel weight;

Total fertilization amount: 650 kilograms of per mu yield paddy, the field mu of medium above soil fertility is executed 15 kilograms of purity nitrogens, and the poor field mu of soil fertility is executed 16 kilograms of purity nitrogens, and nitrogen phosphoris and potassium fertilizer ratio is 1:0.5:0.75;

Fertilizer application: base, fetilizer for tillering ratio are 6:4;

Base manure mu is executed fertile 50 kilograms of BB, is spread on ground before arable land, ploughs under immediately in soil;

After transplanting, within 5-7 days, impose tillering fertilizer, mu is executed fertile 10 kilograms of 10 kilograms, urea and BB, and whether fringe, granulated fertilizer determine to mend to execute according to Later Stage of Rice growing way, and growing way is more prosperous not to be executed;

Topdress and use should there is no water layer in field time, after fertilizer is by adsorption by soil, go up again water;

Guan Shui:

Suitable water transplants seedlings, and very little water is lived, and shallow water is tillered, the roasting field of enough seedlings, and in the time that mu seedling number reaches 13-14 ten thousand, the roasting field of draining in time, bakes leaf look and moves back when light, field does not fall into pin and go up water again, carries out dry field after waiting nature to fall to doing again, so repeatedly, until jointing; After jointing, field keeps moistening, and booting blooming stage is filled with shallow water, takes intermittent irrigation between the pustulation period, remains moisture state, until yellow maturity is broken wet in before harvesting 5-7 days;

Chemical weed control: 5-7 days after transplanting, carries out chemical weed control with easily killing spy or butachlor;

Diseases and pests controlling: prevent and treat rice thrips with Rogor, dimehypo seedling stage; Indulge leaf snout moth's larva with dimehypo, chlorophos control rice tiller-booting stage; Tiller, booting stage is with Folithion, Hostathion, dimehypo control striped rice borer, paddy stem borer; Later stage is prevented and treated rice fulgorid with isoprocarb, buprofezin; Can prevent and treat banded sclerotial blight tiller-heading stage with jinggangmeisu, topsin, kitazine, mazn; Before cut, within 7-10 days, prevent and treat false smut with rice Qu Qing, the withered spirit of standing grain, pest Qu Kexing.