CN104170724B - A kind of selection of excellent No. 36 of quasi-aromatic hybrid rice GUANGXIANG - Google Patents
A kind of selection of excellent No. 36 of quasi-aromatic hybrid rice GUANGXIANG Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses the selection of excellent No. 36 of a kind of hybrid paddy rice GUANGXIANG, with GUANGXIANG 38S as female parent, fragrant extensive 68 carry out hybrid seeding for male parent, it is thus achieved that excellent No. 36 of new varieties GUANGXIANG.Quasi-aromatic hybrid rice of the present invention has the features such as particle shape is elongated, glittering and translucent, rice is of fine quality, yield is high, resistance, wide, the thick flavor of adaptation.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of breeding method, particularly relate to the selection of a kind of quasi-aromatic hybrid rice.
Background technology
Oryza sativa L. is the cereal crops that China's cultivated area is maximum.The Rice Production of China is born guarantee national food security and meets
The dual role of people's living needs.Therefore, rice yield and the Main way being combined into rice breeding future of quality.Real
Trampling it has been proved that heterosis utilization is the effective way improving crop yield, and fragrant rice is the staple food that people like, odor type is miscellaneous
Hand over one of rice breeding thus trend being increasingly becoming rice breeding.
Fragrance is an important indicator of rice taste quality, the most using rice aroma as an important quality index.State
Border Oryza sativa L. is thought that the superior rice in all long-grained nonglutinous rices area all should have fragrance.Fragrant rice except the same with conventional cultivation rice, have Xian, round-grained rice it
Point, it is also possible to by color and luster be divided into white, black, etc., be divided into rice krispies flower pattern, violet type, jasmine fragrance, roasting face by giving forth fragrance
Pouch-type etc..
Fragrant rice is that one self contains fragrance matter, and its fragrance exceedes people's Special Rices to fragrance identification, and the fragrance of fragrant rice is from removing
Each position beyond root.The main component of fragrance is volatile organic matter matter 2-acetyl-1-pyrrolin, for white crystal or knot
Crystalline flour end, is soluble in hot water, ethanol, ether, but insoluble in cold water.Fragrant rice cultivar identification method mainly has: chew-in technique,
Hot-water process, KOH soak the method such as blade method and round pcr analytic process.
Fragrant rice is welcome by consumers in general the most deeply, and not only fragrance is unique, in good taste, can strengthen the appetite of people,
And its nutritive value is higher, the content of protein, fatty acid/amino acid and trace element is the abundantest, is considered in rice
Treasure.Scented rice just has the title of " tribute rice " at ancient Chinese.At present, market top grade rice mostly is scented rice, accounts for rice consumption figure
About 20%.The scented rice that China produces can not meet the market demand, and annual needs is mended from ten thousand tons of scented rices of Thailand's import about 30-50
Fill market.At home and abroad on rice market, 2-3 times of the usually normal non-fragrant rice price of price of scented rice.Therefore, have
The rice of unique perfume characteristic is deeply by the welcome of consumers in general and paying attention to of breeder.
Fragrant rice is the Special member in Oryza sativa L. family, and cultivation history is long.Although China is Rice Production the first big country, fragrant
Rice varieties is various, but China's aromatic rice is the lowest in international market popularity.The most backward, rice due to aromatic rice improvement again
Rice fails to play a leading role in producing always, lacks international influence.Need, on the basis of the fragrant rice of original tradition, to accelerate breeding,
Select and a collection of meet domestic, the high-quality scented rice kind of international market, make China occupy a tiny space in the international market.Therefore,
Selection-breeding high-quality scented rice new varieties, meet market and consumption demand, quality of improving the people's livelihood, and are the important interior of modern rice breeding
One of hold.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide one and has that particle shape is elongated, glittering and translucent, rice is of fine quality, yield is high, resistance
By force, the selection of the quasi-aromatic hybrid rice of the features such as wide, thick flavor is adapted to.
A kind of selection of excellent No. 36 of hybrid paddy rice GUANGXIANG, with GUANGXIANG 38S as female parent, fragrant extensive 68 carry out hybrid seeding for male parent,
Obtain excellent No. 36 of new varieties GUANGXIANG.
The selection of excellent No. 36 of hybrid paddy rice GUANGXIANG of the present invention, wherein said GUANGXIANG 38S is with Guangzhan 63S as female parent,
Agriculture fragrant 98 carries out hybrid seeding acquisition for male parent.
The selection of excellent No. 36 of hybrid paddy rice GUANGXIANG of the present invention, the selection cross method of wherein said GUANGXIANG 38S include as
Lower step:
(1) plantation Guangzhan 63S 98 each 5 strains fragrant with agriculture, control ear differentiation 4-6 phase during Guangzhan 63S growth, are in and put down day
All temperature is more than 24 DEG C, under the conditions of daily maximum temperature is not higher than 32 DEG C, manually awards Guangzhan 63S post fragrant for agriculture 98 flower pesticide
Head, paired combo, gather in the crops F0For seed；
(2) the same year, winter planted F in Hainan0In generation, plants, at F0For in growth course, when controlling ear differentiation 4-6 phase, averagely
Temperature is below 24 DEG C, and April collects F1For seed；
(3) F is sowed May then1For seed, in colony, select complete sterile plant, Ratooning reproduction results F autumn2Generation
Seed；
(4) in Hainan by the method plantation F of step (2)2For seed, and gather in the crops F3For seed；
(5) F is sowed mid-May in Huainan3For seed, autumn selects complete sterile plant in colony, cuts stubble mid-August
Regenerate in left and right results F by the end of October4For seed；
(6) the method sowing F of step (2) is repeated in Hainan4For seed, gather in the crops F spring in next year5For seed；
(7) F is sowed mid-May in Huainan5For seed, fragrant 98 seeds of plantation agriculture simultaneously compare, and in four leaf phases, use KOH
Method differentiates F5For blade position fragrance with or without, deep or light；Concrete operations: first take agriculture perfume (or spice) 98, totally 10 strain, take the water of 4 leaf phases
About 2 grams of rice blade, puts in 20ml band plug teat glass, each equipped with in the band plug teat glass of sample, adds after chopping
Enter the KOH solution of 10ml mass concentration 17g/L, and cover stopper immediately, stand, respectively when 10min and 20min with
Olfactory sensation differentiate fragrance with or without；3-5 people judges every time, makees fragrance comparison；Again from F5Seed individual plant takes 4 leaf phase about 2g blades,
Number respectively, with KOH soak blade method differentiate fragrance with or without, deep or light, 98 fragrance fragrant with agriculture contrast, record respectively,
Then fragrance is pressed: perfume (or spice) fragrant, light, without classified statistic；According to comprehensive statistics result, select blade fragrance be richer than agriculture fragrant 98 or and its
Closely individual plant is retained and is observed；Eliminate light perfume (or spice) or without fragrant individual plant；Choose complete sterile savory individual plant mid-August, cut stubble
Regeneration results F6For seed；
(8) mid or late November sows F in Hainan6For seed, plant agriculture perfume (or spice) 98 and compare, in F6During the 4 leaf phase of generation, use KOH
Soak blade method, it determines each individual plant fragrance, deep or light；Retain 98 thick flavor more fragrant than agriculture or consistent individual plant, the sub-F of sowing7Generation；
(8) according in Huainan, Hainan plant and detect fragrance, the sub-F of sowing8、F9For seed；
(9)F9For seed in the controlled environment chamber, make Fertility al-teration Testing and appraisal, retain the transformation critical temperature list less than 23.5 DEG C
Strain, send Hainan to breed in each season, gathers in the crops single-strain seed, i.e. GUANGXIANG 38S.
The selection of excellent No. 36 of hybrid paddy rice GUANGXIANG of the present invention, extensive 68 series of wherein said perfume (or spice) are to raise rice No. 6 for female
This, five mountain silk Seedlings are that the paternal hybrid production of hybrid seeds obtains hybrid seed, and with described hybrid seed as female parent, middle fragrant No. 1 is paternal hybrid
The production of hybrid seeds, obtains fragrant extensive 68 series.
The selection of excellent No. 36 of hybrid paddy rice GUANGXIANG of the present invention, the selection of extensive 68 series of wherein said perfume (or spice) include as
Lower step:
In Huainan with raising rice No. 6 work female parent, make male parent with five mountain silk Seedlings, use warm water gametocide method, artificial hybridization in mid-August；
Warm water gametocide method: process 5-10 minute in the warm water of 42-45 DEG C；
Hybridizing method: raising No. 6 spike of rice flowering naturallies of rice first 1 hour, hot water is filled with in applying hot water bottles, uses thermometer measure water temperature,
Water temperature is adjusted to 43-44 DEG C；
No. 6 tassels of rice will be raised tilt carefully to stretch in hot water bottle, continue 3-5 minute；Be disposed taking-up spike of rice, shrugs off fringe
On hydrops, wait 25 minutes, the clever flower that the same day of having reached maturity will bloom will open successively；Cut the most immature
Grain husk flower；Open grain husk flower is cut off the 1/3 of grain husk shell one by one with little shears, awards five mountain silk Seedling pollen；Rice 6 will be raised after producing Crossbred
Number spike of rice puts paper bag, hangs up label, indicates Parent title, hybridize the date on label；
After results hybrid seed, make with hybrid seed maternal winter in the plantation of Lingshui, Hainan, plantation makees male parent for fragrant No. 1,
Rice Heading blooming stage, kills cenospecies pollen by warm water gametocide method, in fragrant No. 1 pollen award on cenospecies stigma, and
Bagging, hangs up label, collects the sub-F of triple hybrid0For seed, breed F0In generation, is to F4In generation, obtain separating basicly stable plant kind
Son；Soak blade method with KOH, detect hybrid seed fragrance, retain thick flavor or close to middle fragrant No. 1 individual plant, number respectively；
Each individual plant plants into strain respectively, eliminates separating individual plant in growth course, until it is stable；Sample from stable many strain seeds,
Make comparisons test, the different strain of record, economical character and economic characters；Second trial, according to twice average result, from plant height,
The aspect overall merits such as every total grain panicle number, tiller number, period of duration, setting percentage, mass of 1000 kernel, yield rice matter, disease resistance, choose
Target strain, being restored is fragrant extensive 68.
The selection of excellent No. 36 of hybrid paddy rice GUANGXIANG of the present invention, wherein said male parent is fragrant extensive 68.
The selection of excellent No. 36 of hybrid paddy rice GUANGXIANG of the present invention, comprises the steps:
(1) determination at optimal heading stage:
Maternal sex transformation temperature is 23.5 DEG C, in earing first 10-15 days such as temperature on average for three days on end below 23.5 DEG C, the most extensive
Multiple fertility, florescence such as temperature on average more than 28 DEG C, the highest temperature affect for more than 33 DEG C inseminate solid, for avoid above-mentioned not
Profit weather conditions, are selected in August florescence 21 25；
(2) male parent date of seeding and interval
Male parent arrangement divided for three phases；One phase male parent was met with maternal phase beginning；Second phase bag full-bloom stage；The three phase bag whole florescences, it is ensured that maternal
Sufficient pollen amount, concrete date of seeding is: the first phase was broadcast May 3, and between three phase male parents, the difference phase is respectively 6 days；
(3) determination of maternal date of seeding
Date of seeding difference between female parent and first phase male parent is according to following three aspect arrangements:
The temperature difference: the effective accumulated temperature of the sowing gap stage between male parent and female parent is 180 DEG C-230 DEG C；
Age is poor: a phase male parent is 6.2-6.5 leaf with maternal leaf age difference；
The difference phase: the sowing gap stage between a phase male parent and female parent is 26-28 days；
(4) seedling
After male parent one, second phase all take two sections of seedling, i.e. male parent broadcast, a leaf wholeheartedly starts to post seedling, and posting seedling specification is: a phase father
These 3 × 3 cun；Second phase 2 × 2 cun, all post slotting individual plant；Three phase water-raised seedlings, directly plant to land for growing field crops；
Female parent wants light seeding water-raised seedling, and clean rice seedling bed application rate is less than 10 kilograms, and when within 20 days, transplanting, band tiller 2-3 is individual；
(5) transplanting and specification
Plant configures: parental is 1:14, and row is to thing；Between three phases, male parent ratio is 2:4:2；
A width of 7.2 chis of moisture in the soil；
Line-spacing: maternal line-spacing 4 cun；Male parent sunny slope is away from maternal 8 cun, and opaco is 1.2 chis；
Spacing in the rows: male parent is 4.5 cun；Female parent is 3 cun；
(6) transplant
Maternal mu plants 3.2 ten thousand caves, every cave 5-6 tiller Seedling, 2 seed Seedlings, and male parent one, three phase mu respectively plants 460 strains, second phase mu cultivation 926
Strain, two sections post seedling one, second phase individual plant be respectively 12-16,10-14 tiller；Three phase male parents plant two seed Seedlings, 10 Seedlings
Tiller；
Male parent is planted on bank by 0.5 chi of first ditching when transplanting seedlings, it is ensured that has planted before and after June 15, has planted female parent afterwards, June 25
Having planted, stayed ditch of getting bumper crops, two erect a horizontal stroke；
(7) rich water quality management
Fertilising:
Principle: weight, middle control before maternal fertilising, mend afterwards；Base manure, fetilizer for tillering, the ratio of ear manuer are 7:2:1；Mu needs purity nitrogen 14 kilograms,
Nitrogen, phosphorus, the ratio of potash fertilizer are 1:0.5:0.5, and applying organic manure wanted by base manure, add phosphorus, potash fertilizer, and main fertilizer uses production of hybrid seeds special fertilizer,
Require that mu executes farmyard manure 1500-3000 kilogram, execute lower rake thoroughly flatten with whole；
Male parent is applied fertilizer, and male parent is transplanted seedlings the previous day, executes 7.5 kilograms of fertilizer along male parent row, and owing to male parent period of duration is long, fertilizer requirement is big, should
Ball for the first time within 5-7 days, is chased after fertile after male parent is planted；Under ball fertilizer is executed before booting for the second time；The way that ball is fertile: add 2.5 jin with 5 kilograms of fertilizer
Carbamide mixes 15-20 kilogram of fine earth or miscellaneous fertilizers, and water spray makes more than 400 fertile ball, fills in a ball with hands every the space of two strains, and second time is executed
Ball fertilizer is executed between another two strain spaces；
Maternal fertilising: first 2-3 days of maternal cultivation, executes 37.5 kilograms and 5 kilograms carbamide of production of hybrid seeds special fertilizer, ear differentiation in conjunction with whole land
Chase after during three phase of phase and attack 5 kilograms of fertilizer of ear manuer and add 2.5 kilograms of carbamide；
Balance fertilizer: Parent, on the basis of fertilising, sees that Seedling executes balance fertilizer ingeniously, promotes growing way sane, controls prosperous length, make good use of ear manuer,
Spray twice potassium dihydrogen phosphate and make granulated fertilizer, control nitrogenous fertilizer, enrich phosphorus, potash fertilizer；
(8) water starch management
Shallow water transplant seedlings suitable water live；
Doing a good job of it emphatically early because Seedling bakes field, method is carried out and is repeatedly baked, and after reaching 17-18 ten thousand Seedling after enough Seedlings, field is baked in draining, bake field ftracture,
Whiting root, leaf variable color, to consolidate effective tillering, promote root and strengthen bar, enter the rehydration booting of ear differentiation second phase, later stage dry and wet is wet,
Cut off the water supply ahead of time, send out tiller after control solid；
(9) " 920 " hormone is used:
Maternal mu consumption about 30 grams, divides and uses for 3-4 time.The lightest tune of maternal ear differentiation 7 end of term 4 grams, maternal ear differentiation
7 end of term 8 are initial, i.e. booting cut cuts leaf, see cut dew fringe mu spray " 920 " 16 grams；Next day, mu was with about 10 grams；
(10) prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control
Banded sclerotial blight: prevent and treat three times with jingganmycin and triadimefon respectively in tiller, boot stage；
Smut:
Cultural control, rational close planting, stop ineffective tillering, control N element, science Guan Shui, promote plant strain growth healthy and strong, and create
Make the field microclimate of unfavorable smut, suppress, alleviate disease generation；
Chemical control, sprays once with triadimefon before heading cut, with content 20% triadimefon Emulsion 50 grams/acre, after flowering terminates
Within 1-2 days, use once, consumption 50 grams/acre；
Respectively at the flower that begins, Sheng Hua, spend during three with black spirit of going out eventually after heading, specification is 35 grams/bag, prevents and treats three times；?
Spray liquid medicine two barrels less, two barrels is 35 kilograms；
(11) roguing:
It is distinguished by according to plant type, height, leaf color, phimosis, pollen fertility, hybrid strain and special-shaped strain are pulled out, before cutting leaf and breast
The ripe phase carries out remove impurity work, is strictly on guard against the mechanical admixture received during shining.
The selection of excellent No. 36 of hybrid paddy rice GUANGXIANG of the present invention, wherein gathers in the crops the cultivation of excellent No. 36 of the new varieties GUANGXIANG obtained
Culture method comprises the steps:
Seedling:
Rice seedling bed: select that irrigation and drainage are convenient, disease pest and the few field of weeds, irrigated mursery furrow face is flat clean, has mud scum, and seedling plate is soft and the most rotten,
Furrow face, dry nursery broken, fertile soil smooth, native, soft；
Base manure: mu executes 12 kilograms of carbamide, calcium superphosphate 40 kilograms, 10 kilograms of potassium chloride；
Date of seeding: 25 days-May 5 April date of seeding；
The amount of broadcasting: every mu of rice seedling bed sows 10-12 kilogram, accomplishes that premature rice is uniform；
Irrigating through furrow before Guan Shui: 2 leaf phases, keep furrow face to moisten, 2 leaf after dates keep shallow water；
Topdressing: 2 leaf phases every mu executed 5 kilograms of carbamide, 4 leaf phases saw that Seedling was mended and execute balance fertilizer；
Other: 2 leaf phases can spray paclobutrazol, promotes that rice shoot tiller is many, root is prosperous, Seedling is short, Miao Zhuan；After 3-4 leaf, preventing and treating is sick for seedling stage
Insect pest；
Field production manages:
Wholely: after organic fertilizer, non watered ploughing is suned the earth which has been ploughed up, tilling depth 3-5 cun, dry harrow-like implement for pulverizing soil rake leveling of pouring water of turning up soil, accomplish that native broken mud is rotten, face, field is put down
Whole；
Transplanting time: the 30-35 days length of time rice seedlings grow started to transplant, and had planted before being most later than June 15；
Density: line-spacing 8-9 cun, spacing in the rows 4 cun, mu cave number 1.6-1.8 ten thousand, individual plant transplanting, every cave 4 Seedling, every mu of Basic Seedling 7
Ten thousand, plant and to accomplish shallow, straight, even, steady, stay a ventilating duct every 2.5-3.0 rice；
Fertilising:
Fertilization principle: grasp the principle of " front control heavy, middle, the most steady ", accomplishes that early stage is early sent out steady long, later stage de-fertilizer, improves knot
Real rate, increases mass of 1000 kernel；
Total fertilization amount: per mu yield Oryza glutinosa 650 kilograms, the field mu of medium above soil fertility executes purity nitrogen 15 kilograms, soil fertility poor field mu
Executing purity nitrogen 16 kilograms, nitrogen phosphoris and potassium fertilizer ratio is 1:0.5:0.75；
Fertilizer application: base, fetilizer for tillering ratio are 6:4；
Base manure mu executes fertile 50 kilograms of BB, is spread on ground, ploughs under immediately in soil before arable land；
Within after transplanting 5-7 days, imposing tillering fertilizer, mu executes 10 kilograms of carbamide and fertile 10 kilograms of BB, and fringe, granulated fertilizer are according to Later Stage of Rice
Growing way decides whether that benefit is executed, and growing way is more prosperous not to be executed；；
Topdress and should not have in field during water layer to use, after fertilizer is by adsorption by soil, goes up water again；
Guan Shui:
Suitable water transplants seedlings, alive of very little water, shallow water tiller, and enough Seedlings bake field, and when mu Seedling number reaches 13-14 ten thousand, field is baked in timely draining,
Bake leaf color to move back light, field and go up water again when not falling into foot, wait nature after falling to doing, to carry out dry field again, the most repeatedly, until jointing；
After jointing, field keeps moistening, and booting blooming stage fills shallow water, takes intermittent irrigation, remains moisture state, directly during grouting
To yellow maturity, within 5-7 days, break before harvesting wet；
Chemical weed control: after transplanting 5-7 days, with easily killing spy or butachlor carries out chemical weed control；
Insect pest preventing and controlling: seedling stage prevents and treats rice thrips with Rogor, dimehypo；Tiller-boot stage indulges leaf with dimehypo, metrifonate preventing and treating rice
Snout moth's larva；Tiller, boot stage prevent and treat striped rice borer, yellow rice borer with Folithion, triazophos, dimehypo；Later stage is with isoprocarb, buprofezin
Preventing and treating planthopper；Tiller-heading stage can prevent and treat banded sclerotial blight with jingganmycin, thiophanate, kitazine, mazn；7-10 before cut
It prevents and treats false smut by rice Qu Qing, the withered spirit of standing grain, pestilence Qu Kexing.
Excellent No. 36 differences from prior art of GUANGXIANG of the present invention are: to have particle shape elongated, sparkling and crystal-clear for excellent No. 36 of GUANGXIANG of the present invention
The features such as exquisitely carved, rice is of fine quality, yield is high, resistance, wide, the thick flavor of adaptation.Quasi-aromatic hybrid rice of the present invention shows themselves in that
Plant height 98 centimetres, plant type is compact, sword-like leave straight elevator, and leaf color is greener, and tillering ability is relatively strong, spike length 22cm, every total grain panicle number 176
Grain, setting percentage 85.8% mass of 1000 kernel about 25 grams.Yield 618.6kg/ mu, 838 volume increase 4.32% more excellent than check variety II, rice
Matter reaches edible rice secondary standard promulgated by the ministries or commissions of the Central Government.Leading indicator: head rice rate 63.7%--67%, chalky grain rate 8-20%, chalkiness degree
0.8-1.4%, amylose 15-17%, gel consistence 72-77cm.Middle blast resisting and bacterial leaf-blight, this aromatic rice grain of rice is thin
Long, meter Zhi Hao, rice perfume (or spice) is sliding, and soft good to eat, Cooking Quality is splendid.
Detailed description of the invention
Embodiment 1
The present invention cultivates the main program of excellent No. 36 of Quasi-aromatic Hybrid Rice kind GUANGXIANG and method is: (1) selection and use material；(2)
Cultivate respectively and have dulcet male parent varieties and parental varieties；(3) the dulcet father of apparatus, parental varieties, group gas-mixing hybridization selection-breeding
Form the dulcet Hybrid of tool.This kind particle shape to be had is elongated, glittering and translucent, rice is of fine quality, yield is high, resistance,
Adapt to the features such as wide, thick flavor.
Odor type Breeding for restoration lines: select raise rice No. 6, five mountain silk Seedlings, middle fragrant No. 1 make breeding material.
Raise rice No. 6: affinity is strong, and meter Zhi Hao, resistance against diseases are strong, lodging tolerance good, but period of duration is the longest, in tillering ability
Deng.Five mountain silk Seedlings: length-width ratio is big, and meter Zhi Geng is excellent, tillering ability is strong, moderate growth duration, but disease-resistant capacity for the resistance to lodging is slightly worse.Fragrant rice
In kind, perfume one, has natural jasmine fragrance.
With raising rice No. 6, five mountain silk Seedlings, a middle fragrant artificial hybridization select: wide affinity, rice is of fine quality, tillering ability is strong, resist
Sick resistant to lodging, moderate growth duration has dulcet superior restorer line.
Odor type sterile line breeding: hybridizing with Guangzhan 63S with odor type kind agriculture fragrant 98, the wide affine rice of selection-breeding is of fine quality, savory sterile
System.
Breeding step:
(1) plantation Guangzhan 63S 98 each 5 strains fragrant with agriculture, control ear differentiation 4-6 phase during Guangzhan 63S growth, are in and put down day
All temperature is more than 24 DEG C, under the conditions of daily maximum temperature is not higher than 32 DEG C, manually awards Guangzhan 63S post fragrant for agriculture 98 flower pesticide
Head, paired combo, gather in the crops F0For seed.
(2) the same year, winter planted F in Hainan0In generation, plants, at F0For in growth course, when controlling ear differentiation 4-6 phase, averagely
Temperature is below 24 DEG C, and April collects F1For seed.
(3) F is sowed May then1For seed, in colony's body, select complete sterile plant, Ratooning reproduction results F autumn2
For seed.
(4) F is planted in Hainan by (2) program2For seed, and gather in the crops F3For seed.
(5) F is sowed mid-May in Huainan3For seed, autumn selects complete sterile plant in colony, cuts stubble mid-August
Regenerate in left and right results F by the end of October4For seed.
(6) method sowing F before Hainan is repeated4For seed, gather in the crops F spring in next year5For seed.
(7) F is sowed mid-May in Huainan5For seed, fragrant 98 seeds of plantation agriculture simultaneously compare, and in four leaf phases, use KOH
Method differentiates F5For blade position fragrance with or without, deep or light.Concrete operations: first take agriculture perfume (or spice) 98, count 10 strains, take the water of 4 leaf phases
About 2 grams of rice blade, puts in 20ml band plug teat glass, each equipped with in the band plug teat glass of sample, adds after chopping
Enter the KOH solution of 10ml mass concentration 17g/L, and cover stopper immediately, stand, respectively when 10min and 20min with
Olfactory sensation differentiate fragrance with or without.3-5 people judges every time, makees fragrance comparison, then from F5Seed individual plant takes 4 leaf phase about 2g blades,
Number respectively, with KOH soak blade method differentiate fragrance with or without, deep or light, 98 fragrance fragrant with agriculture contrast, record respectively,
Then press fragrance: perfume (or spice) fragrant, light, without classified statistic, according to comprehensive statistics result, select blade fragrance be richer than agriculture fragrant 98 or and its
Closely individual plant is retained and is observed.Eliminate light perfume (or spice) or without fragrant individual plant, choose complete sterile savory individual plant mid-August, cut stubble
Regeneration results F6For seed.
(8) mid or late November sows F in Hainan6For seed, plant agriculture perfume (or spice) 98 and compare, in F6During the 4 leaf phase of generation, use KOH
Soak blade method, it determines each individual plant fragrance, deep or light, retain 98 thick flavor more fragrant than agriculture or consistent individual plant, the sub-F of sowing7Generation (8)
According in Huainan, Hainan plant and detect fragrance, the sub-F of sowing8、F9For seed.
(9)F9Send Hua Zhong Agriculture University in the controlled environment chamber for seed, make Fertility al-teration Testing and appraisal, retain transformation critical temperature
Individual plant less than 23.5 DEG C, send Hainan to breed in each season, gathers in the crops single-strain seed, and this batch of seed is exactly savory to have Guangzhan 63S concurrently
The odor type sterile line of 98 advantages fragrant with agriculture, GUANGXIANG 38S.
Odor type Breeding for restoration lines
In Huainan with raising rice No. 6 work female parent, make male parent with five mountain silk Seedlings, use warm water gametocide method, artificial hybridization in mid-August.
Warm water gametocide method: principle is to utilize female, the stamen of Oryza sativa L. to have obvious thermostability difference, gynoecium thermostability is relatively strong, pollen
Thermostability is the most weak.Processing after 5-10 minute in the warm water of 42-45 DEG C, pollen will completely lose vitality, and pistil stigma
Still keep vitality, reach the purpose of emasculation.
Operating procedure includes:
1) raising No. 6 spike of rice flowering naturallies of rice first 1 hour, hot water is filled with in applying hot water bottles, uses thermometer measure water temperature, by water temperature
It is adjusted to 43-44 DEG C.
2) No. 6 tassels of rice will be raised tilt carefully to stretch in hot water bottle, continue 3-5 minute.
3) it is disposed, takes out spike of rice, shrug off the hydrops on fringe.Wait 25 minutes, reached maturity what the same day will bloom
Grain husk flower, will open successively.
4) the most immature grain husk flower, after process, its pollen still has vitality, and all of which is cut.
5) open grain husk is spent little shears cut off the 1/3 of grain husk shell one by one, award five mountain silk Seedling pollen.
6) put paper bag by raising No. 6 spikes of rice of rice after producing Crossbred, hang up label, label indicates Parent title, hybridizes day
Phase etc..
After results seed, make female parent winter at Lingshui, Hainan plantation artificial hybridization seed, plantation makees male parent for fragrant No. 1.At water
Rice heading flowering period, kills cenospecies pollen by warm water gametocide method, in fragrant No. 1 pollen award on cenospecies stigma, and overlap
Bag, hangs up label, collects the sub-F of triple hybrid0For seed, breed F0In generation, is to F4In generation, obtain separating basicly stable plant seed.
Soak blade method with KOH, detect hybrid seed fragrance, retain thick flavor or close to middle fragrant No. 1 individual plant, number respectively.Respectively
Individual plant plants into strain respectively, eliminates separating individual plant in growth course, until it is stable.Sample from stable many strain seeds,
Make comparisons test.The different strain of record, economical character and economic characters, second trial, according to twice average result, from plant height,
The aspect overall merits such as every total grain panicle number, tiller number, period of duration, setting percentage, mass of 1000 kernel, yield rice matter, disease resistance, choose
Target strain, name restorer fragrant extensive 68.
Excellent No. 36 selection-breeding of quasi-aromatic hybrid rice GUANGXIANG:
With GUANGXIANG 38S as female parent, fragrant extensive 68 is male parent, and combo cultivates into excellent No. 36 of Quasi-aromatic Hybrid Rice kind GUANGXIANG.
" excellent No. 36 of GUANGXIANG " seeding technique rule of operation:
One, seed breeding base isolation
1, spatial separation: japonica rice is away from production of hybrid seeds district 500M, long-grained nonglutinous rice 300M.
2, barrier isolation: the long-stalked crop that dam is manually arranged 5 meters is wide 2 meters high, respectively plant inside and outside 2 meters of high fabrics (various cloth)
The male parent of 20 meters.
3, mountains and rivers, lake.
Two, Parent sowing arranges
1, the determination at optimal heading stage:
Maternal sex transformation temperature is 23.5 DEG C, in earing first 10-15 days such as temperature on average for three days on end below 23.5 DEG C, the most easily
Recover fertility.Florescence such as temperature on average, more than 33 DEG C impact inseminations of the highest temperature were solid more than 28 DEG C.Above-mentioned for avoiding
Unfavourable weather condition, florescence is preferably August 21 25.
2, male parent date of seeding and interval
According to the requirement in above-mentioned florescence, male parent arrangement divided for three phases.One phase male parent was met with maternal phase beginning；Second phase bag full-bloom stage；
The three phase bag whole florescences, it is ensured that maternal sufficient pollen amount.Specifically date of seeding, is: the first phase was broadcast May 3, poor between three phase male parents
Phase is respectively 6 days.
3, the determination of maternal date of seeding
Date of seeding difference between female parent and first phase male parent is according to following three aspect arrangements:
1. accumulated temperature is poor: the effective accumulated temperature of the sowing gap stage between male parent and female parent 180 DEG C-230 DEG C (12 DEG C of effective above temperature) left and right.
2. leaf age is poor: a phase male parent is 6.2-6.5 leaf with maternal leaf age difference.
3. sowing gap stage: the sowing gap stage between a phase male parent and female parent is 26-28 days.
Three, seedling
For cultivating strong seedling, increase total pollen amount, extend the individual plant florescence, it is ensured that maternal required sufficient pollen amount, to male parent one,
Second phase all take two sections of seedling, i.e. male parent broadcast after a leaf wholeheartedly start to post seedling.Posting seedling specification is: a phase male parent 3 × 3 cun；Second phase 2 × 2
Very little, all post slotting individual plant；Three phase water-raised seedlings, directly plant to land for growing field crops.
Female parent wants light seeding water-raised seedling, and clean rice seedling bed application rate is less than 10 kilograms.When within about 20 days, transplanting, band tiller 2-3 is individual.
Four, transplanting and specification
1, plant configuration:
Parental is 1:14, and row is to thing；Between three phases, male parent ratio is 2:4:2.
2, a width of 7.2 chis of moisture in the soil
Line-spacing: maternal line-spacing 4 cun；Male parent sunny slope is away from maternal 8 cun, and opaco is 1.2 chis.
Spacing in the rows: male parent is 4.5 cun；Female parent is 3 cun.
3, transplant
Maternal mu is planted about 3.2 ten thousand caves, every cave 5-6 tiller Seedling (2 seed Seedlings).Male parent one, three phase mu respectively is planted about 460 strains,
Second phase mu is planted about 926 strains.Two sections post seedling one, second phase individual plant be respectively 12-16,10-14 tiller；Three phase male parents can be planted
Two seed Seedlings (about 10 Seedling tillers).
Male parent is planted on bank by 0.5 chi of first ditching when transplanting seedlings, it is ensured that planted before and after June 15.Rear cultivation female parent, June 25
Left and right has planted.Staying ditch of getting bumper crops, two erect a horizontal stroke.
Five, rich water quality management
1, fertilising:
1. principle: weight, middle control before maternal fertilising, mend afterwards；Base manure, fetilizer for tillering, the ratio of ear manuer are 7:2:1；Mu needs purity nitrogen 14 kilograms,
Nitrogen, phosphorus, the ratio of potash fertilizer are 1:0.5:0.5.Applying organic manure wanted by base manure, adds phosphorus, potash fertilizer, and main fertilizer uses production of hybrid seeds special fertilizer,
Require that mu executes farmyard manure 1500-3000 kilogram, execute lower rake thoroughly flatten with whole.
2. male parent fertilising, male parent is transplanted seedlings the previous day, executes 7.5 kilograms of special fertilizers along male parent row.Owing to male parent period of duration is long, fertilizer requirement
Greatly, after male parent is planted, ball for the first time should within 5-7 days, be chased after fertile；Under ball fertilizer can be executed before booting for the second time, to promote Floret differentiation,
Reach the big grain husk of fringe and spend many purposes.The way that ball is fertile: add 2.5 jin of carbamide with 5 kilograms of special fertilizers and mix 15-20 kilogram of fine earth or miscellaneous fertilizers,
Water spray makes more than 400 fertile ball, fills in a ball with hands every the space of two strains.Second time is executed ball fertilizer and is executed between another two strain spaces.
3. maternal fertilising: first 2-3 days of maternal cultivation, executes 37.5 kilograms of+5 kilograms of carbamide of production of hybrid seeds special fertilizer in conjunction with whole land, and children's fringe divides
Chase after during three phase of change phase and attack ear manuer+2.5 kilograms of carbamide of 5 kilograms of special fertilizers.
4. balance fertilizer: Parent, on the basis of above-mentioned fertilising, sees that Seedling executes balance fertilizer ingeniously, promotes growing way sane, controls prosperous length, section
Make good use of ear manuer, sprays twice potassium dihydrogen phosphate and makees granulated fertilizer.Strictly control nitrogenous fertilizer, enrich phosphorus, potash fertilizer.
2, water starch management
1. shallow water transplant seedlings suitable water live.
Doing a good job of it the most emphatically early because Seedling bakes field, method is carried out and is repeatedly baked, and field is baked in enough Miao Houda (17-18 ten thousand Seedling) drainings, bakes field
Cracking, whiting root, leaf variable color, consolidate effective tillering, promote root and strengthen bar, enter the rehydration booting of ear differentiation second phase.Later stage is dry
Wet, cut off the water supply ahead of time, send out tiller after control solid.
Six, " 920 " are made good use of
Maternal the most sensitive to " 920 ", general mu consumption about 30 grams, divides and uses for 3-4 time.Maternal ear differentiation 7 end of term is for the first time
Light tune 4 grams, the female parent beginning in ear differentiation 7 end of term 8 cuts leaf, sees cut dew fringe mu spray " 920 " about 16 grams；Next day, mu was with 10 grams of left sides
Right.If chance rain shower should be mended in time and be executed above.
Seven, black powder, banded sclerotial blight and other pest and disease damages it are strictly on guard against
1, banded sclerotial blight: prevent and treat three times with jingganmycin and triadimefon respectively in tiller, boot stage, control its harm.
2, smut:
1. cultural control, rational close planting, stop ineffective tillering, control N element, science Guan Shui, promote plant strain growth healthy and strong, and
Create the field microclimate of unfavorable smut, suppress, alleviate disease generation.
2. chemical control, sprays once with triadimefon before heading cut, and with content 20% triadimefon Emulsion 50 grams/acre, flowering terminates
Within latter 1-2 days, using once, consumption is ibid.
After heading respectively begin flower, Sheng Hua, eventually spend three to enter between with black spirit of going out (35 grams/bag) preventing and treating three times.Each minimum spray
Liquid medicine two barrels (about 35 kilograms).
3, other disease pest:
Note thrips and the Lissorhoptrus oryzophilus Kuschel preventing and treating in seedling stage.Pay close attention to snout moths larva preventing and treating.
Eight, conscientious roguing
In rice seedling bed, the various farming activities in land for growing field crops, can be distinguished by according to plant type, height, leaf color, phimosis, pollen fertility etc.,
Hybrid strain and special-shaped strain are pulled out.Particularly cutting Ye Qianhe milk stage wants emphasis to carry out remove impurity work.It is strictly on guard against the machinery received during shining
Mix.
Excellent No. 36 high-yield cultivation method of GUANGXIANG:
One, seedling
(1) target: during transplanting, rice shoot is of the right age, every strain band evil 3, it is green that Seedling strengthens leaf, and short Bletilla striata (Thunb.ex A.Murray)Rchb.f. is many, without disease pest.
(2) rice seedling bed: select the field that irrigation and drainage convenience, disease pest and weeds are few, irrigated mursery furrow face is flat clean, has mud scum, and seedling plate is soft
And the most rotten: furrow face, dry nursery broken, fertile soil smooth, native, soft.
(3) base manure: mu executes 12 kilograms of carbamide, calcium superphosphate 40 kilograms, 10 kilograms of potassium chloride.
(4) date of seeding: May 2 April 25 date of seeding.
(5) amount of broadcasting: every mu of rice seedling bed sows 10 12 kilograms, accomplishes that premature rice is uniform.
(6) Guan Shui: 2 leaf phases previous as irrigate through furrow, keep furrow face moisten, 2 leaf after dates keep shallow waters.
(7) topdressing: 2 leaf phases every mu executed 5 kilograms of carbamide, 4 leaf phases saw that Seedling was mended and execute balance fertilizer.
(8) other: 2 leaf phases can spray paclobutrazol, promotes that rice shoot tiller is many, root is prosperous, Seedling is short, Miao Zhuan；After 3-4 leaf, note
Meaning preventing and treating seedling stage diseases and pests.
Two, field production management
(1) target
Tillering stage is sent out soon, the most enough Seedling only Seedling；Panicle primordium dif ferentiation stage is the longest, forms yielding Populations；Productive phase green grass or young crops show is good for always, lives
Ripe to old, many of grain is satisfied.
(2) wholely
After organic fertilizer, non watered ploughing is suned the earth which has been ploughed up, tilling depth 3-5 cun, dry harrow-like implement for pulverizing soil rake leveling of pouring water of turning up soil, and accomplishes that native broken mud is rotten, and face, field is smooth.
(3) transplanting time
30-35 days length of time rice seedlings grow started to transplant, and arrish should strive early planting, and should plant at the latest before June 15.
(4) density
Line-spacing 8-9 cun, spacing in the rows 4 cun, mu cave number 1.6-1.8 ten thousand, individual plant transplanting, every cave 4 Seedling, every mu of Basic Seedling 70,000 is left
Right.Plant and to accomplish shallow, straight, even, steady, stay a ventilating duct every 2.5-3.0 rice.
(5) fertilising
1, fertilization principle: grasp the principle of " front control heavy, middle, the most steady ", accomplishes that early stage is early sent out steady long, later stage de-fertilizer, improves
Setting percentage, increases mass of 1000 kernel.
2, total fertilization amount: per mu yield Oryza glutinosa 650 kilograms, the field mu of medium above soil fertility executes purity nitrogen 15 kilograms, the poor field of soil fertility
Block mu executes purity nitrogen 16 kilograms.Nitrogen phosphoris and potassium fertilizer ratio is 1:0.5:0.75.
3, fertilizer application: base, fetilizer for tillering ratio are 6:4.
Base manure mu executes fertile 50 kilograms of BB, is spread on ground, ploughs under immediately in soil before arable land.
Within after transplanting 5-7 days, imposing tillering fertilizer, mu executes fertile 10 kilograms of 10 kilograms of+BB of carbamide.Fringe, granulated fertilizer are long according to Later Stage of Rice
Gesture decides whether that benefit is executed, and growing way is more prosperous not to be executed, and prevents later stage remaining green when it is due to become yellow and ripe lodging
Topdress and should not have in field during water layer to use, wait fertilizer after adsorption by soil, to be gone up water again.
(6) Guan Shui:
Suitable water transplants seedlings, alive of very little water, shallow water tiller, and enough Seedlings bake field.When mu Seedling number reaches 13-14 ten thousand, field is baked in timely draining,
Bake leaf color to move back light, field and go up water again when not falling into foot, wait nature after falling to doing, to carry out dry field again, the most repeatedly, until jointing.
After jointing, field keeps moistening, and booting blooming stage fills shallow water, takes intermittent irrigation, remains moisture state, directly during grouting
To yellow maturity.Ten million can not cut off the water supply too early, within 5-7 days, breaks wet, in order to avoid there is blue or green withered strain before general harvesting.
(7) chemical weed control:
After transplanting 5-7 days, can be selected for easily killing spy or butachlor etc. and eliminate.
(8) insect pest preventing and controlling:
Do prediction well, grasp disease pest situation, prevent and treat various pest and disease damages in time.Seedling stage prevents and treats rice thrips with Rogor, dimehypo；
Tiller-boot stage indulges leaf snout moth's larva with dimehypo, metrifonate preventing and treating rice；Tiller, boot stage can use Folithion, triazophos, dimehypo
Preventing and treating striped rice borer, yellow rice borer；Later stage can use isoprocarb, buprofezin to prevent and treat planthopper；Can use tiller-heading stage jingganmycin,
Thiophanate, kitazine, mazn prevent and treat banded sclerotial blight；Within before cut 7-10 days, can use the withered spirit of rice Qu Qing, standing grain, the preventing and treating of pestilence Qu Kexing
False smut.
Excellent No. 36 of GUANGXIANG of the present invention show themselves in that plant height 98 centimetres, plant type is compact, sword-like leave straight elevator, and leaf color is greener, tillering ability
Relatively strong, spike length 22cm, every total grain panicle number 176, setting percentage 85.8% mass of 1000 kernel about 25 grams.Yield 618.6kg/ mu, than
Excellent 838 volume increase 4.32% of check variety II, rice matter reaches edible rice secondary standard promulgated by the ministries or commissions of the Central Government.
Mainly change index: head rice rate 63.7%--67%, chalky grain rate 8-20%, chalkiness degree 0.8-1.4%, amylose 15-17%,
Gel consistence 72-77cm, middle blast resisting and bacterial leaf-blight, this aromatic rice grain of rice is elongated, meter Zhi Hao, and rice perfume (or spice) is sliding, soft
Good to eat, Cooking Quality is splendid.
Embodiment described above is only to be described the preferred embodiment of the present invention, not carries out the scope of the present invention
Limiting, on the premise of designing spirit without departing from the present invention, technical scheme is made by those of ordinary skill in the art
Various deformation and improvement, all should fall in the protection domain that claims of the present invention determines.
Claims (4)
1. the selection of excellent No. 36 of a hybrid paddy rice GUANGXIANG, it is characterised in that: with GUANGXIANG 38S as female parent,
Fragrant extensive 68 carry out hybrid seeding for male parent, it is thus achieved that excellent No. 36 of new varieties GUANGXIANG；Described GUANGXIANG 38S is extensively to account for
63S is maternal, and agriculture fragrant 98 carries out hybrid seeding acquisition for male parent；Described perfume (or spice) extensive 68 is to raise rice No. 6 to be
Female parent, five mountain silk Seedlings are that the paternal hybrid production of hybrid seeds obtains hybrid seed, with described hybrid seed as female parent, middle fragrant 1
Number it is the paternal hybrid production of hybrid seeds, obtains fragrant extensive 68.
The selection of excellent No. 36 of hybrid paddy rice GUANGXIANG the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: institute
The selection cross method stating GUANGXIANG 38S comprises the steps:
(1) plantation Guangzhan 63S 98 each 5 strains fragrant with agriculture, control ear differentiation 4-6 phase during Guangzhan 63S growth,
It is in daily mean temperature more than 24 DEG C, under the conditions of daily maximum temperature is not higher than 32 DEG C, manually agriculture perfume (or spice) 98
Flower pesticide awards Guangzhan 63S stigma, paired combo, gathers in the crops F0For seed；
(2) the same year, winter planted F in Hainan0In generation, plants, at F0For in growth course, control ear differentiation 4-6
During the phase, temperature on average is below 24 DEG C, and April collects F1For seed；
(3) F is sowed May then1For seed, autumn selects complete sterile plant in colony, cuts stubble again
Raw results F2For seed；
(4) in Hainan by the method plantation F of step (2)2For seed, and gather in the crops F3For seed；
(5) F is sowed mid-May in Huainan3For seed, autumn selects complete sterile plant in colony, in 8
The middle of the month, Ratooning reproduction gathered in the crops F in by the end of October4For seed；
(6) the method sowing F of step (2) is repeated in Hainan4For seed, gather in the crops F spring in next year5Generation
Seed；
(7) F is sowed mid-May in Huainan5For seed, fragrant 98 seeds of plantation agriculture simultaneously compare, four
Ye Qi, differentiates F by KOH method5For blade position fragrance with or without, deep or light；Concrete operations: first take agriculture fragrant
98, totally 10 strain, take the rice leaf 2 grams of 4 leaf phases, put in 20ml band plug teat glass after chopping,
Each equipped with in the band plug teat glass of sample, add the KOH solution of 10ml mass concentration 17g/L, and
Cover stopper immediately, stand, respectively when 10min and 20min with olfactory sensation differentiate fragrance with or without；3-5 every time
People judges, makees fragrance comparison；Again from F5Seed individual plant takes 4 leaf phase 2g blades, numbers respectively, uses KOH
Soak blade method differentiate fragrance with or without, deep or light, 98 fragrance fragrant with agriculture contrast, and then record respectively is pressed
Fragrance: perfume (or spice) fragrant, light, without classified statistic；According to comprehensive statistics result, blade fragrance is selected to be richer than agriculture perfume (or spice) 98
Or with its closely individual plant retain observe；Eliminate light perfume (or spice) or without fragrant individual plant；Choose the most sterile mid-August
Savory individual plant, Ratooning reproduction results F6For seed；
(8) mid or late November sows F in Hainan6For seed, plant agriculture perfume (or spice) 98 and compare, in F6The 4 leaf phases of generation
Time, soak blade method with KOH, it determines each individual plant fragrance, deep or light；Retain more fragrant 98 thick flavor or than agriculture
The individual plant caused, the sub-F of sowing7Generation；
(9) according in Huainan, Hainan plant and detect fragrance, the sub-F of sowing8、F9For seed；
(10)F9For seed in the controlled environment chamber, do Fertility al-teration Testing and appraisal, retain transformation critical temperature low
In the individual plant of 23.5 DEG C, send Hainan to breed in each season, gather in the crops single-strain seed, i.e. GUANGXIANG 38S.
The selection of excellent No. 36 of hybrid paddy rice GUANGXIANG the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: institute
The selection stating perfume extensive 68 comprises the steps:
In Huainan with raising rice No. 6 work female parent, make male parent with five mountain silk Seedlings, use warm water gametocide method in mid-August,
Artificial hybridization；
Warm water gametocide method: process 5-10 minute in the warm water of 42-45 DEG C；
Hybridizing method: raising No. 6 spike of rice flowering naturallies of rice first 1 hour, hot water is filled with in applying hot water bottles, uses temperature
Measurement amount water temperature, is adjusted to 43-44 DEG C by water temperature；
No. 6 tassels of rice will be raised tilt carefully to stretch in hot water bottle, continue 3-5 minute；Be disposed taking-up rice
Fringe, shrugs off the hydrops on fringe, waits 25 minutes, and the clever flower that the same day of having reached maturity will bloom will be opened successively
Put；Cut the most immature grain husk flower；Open grain husk flower is cut off the 1/3 of grain husk shell one by one with little shears, awards
Upper five mountain silk Seedling pollen；Put paper bag by raising No. 6 spikes of rice of rice after producing Crossbred, hang up label, label is noted
Bright Parent title, hybridizes the date；
After results hybrid seed, make maternal winter with hybrid seed in the plantation of Lingshui, Hainan, perfume 1 in plantation
Make male parent, at Rice Heading blooming stage, by warm water gametocide method, cenospecies pollen killed, in fragrant No. 1 pollen
Award on cenospecies stigma, and bagging, hang up label, collect the sub-F of triple hybrid0For seed, breed F0In generation, arrives
F4In generation, obtain separating basicly stable plant seed；Soak blade method with KOH, detect hybrid seed fragrance,
Retain thick flavor or close to middle fragrant No. 1 individual plant, number respectively；Each individual plant plants into strain, growth course respectively
In eliminate and separate individual plant, until it is stable；Sampling from stable many strain seeds, test of making comparisons, record is not
With strain economical character and economic characters；Second trial, according to twice average result, from plant height, every total grain panicle
Number, tiller number, period of duration, setting percentage, mass of 1000 kernel, yield, meter Zhi, disease resistance aspect overall merit, choosing
Taking target strain, being restored is fragrant extensive 68.
The selection of excellent No. 36 of hybrid paddy rice GUANGXIANG the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: bag
Include following steps:
(1) determination at optimal heading stage:
Maternal sex transformation temperature is 23.5 DEG C, such as temperature on average for three days on end at 23.5 DEG C in earing first 10-15 days
Hereinafter, the most easily recovering fertility, florescence such as temperature on average, the highest temperature affected for more than 33 DEG C more than 28 DEG C
Inseminate solid, for avoiding above-mentioned unfavourable weather condition, be selected in August florescence 21 25；
(2) male parent date of seeding and interval
Male parent arrangement divided for three phases；One phase male parent was met with maternal phase beginning；Second phase bag full-bloom stage；Three phase bag whole florescences,
Guaranteeing maternal sufficient pollen amount, concrete date of seeding is: the first phase was broadcast May 3, and between three phase male parents, the difference phase divides
It it is not 6 days；
(3) determination of maternal date of seeding
Date of seeding difference between female parent and first phase male parent is according to following three aspect arrangements:
The temperature difference: the effective accumulated temperature of the sowing gap stage between male parent and female parent is 180 DEG C-230 DEG C；
Age is poor: a phase male parent is 6.2-6.5 leaf with maternal leaf age difference；
The difference phase: the sowing gap stage between a phase male parent and female parent is 26-28 days；
(4) seedling
After male parent one, second phase all take two sections of seedling, i.e. male parent broadcast, a leaf wholeheartedly starts to post seedling, posts seedling specification
For: a phase male parent 3 × 3 cun；Second phase 2 × 2 cun, all post seedling and insert individual plant；Three phase water-raised seedlings, directly plant extremely
Land for growing field crops；
Female parent wants light seeding water-raised seedling, and clean rice seedling bed application rate is less than 10 kilograms, and when within 20 days, transplanting, band tiller 2-3 is individual；
(5) transplanting and specification
Plant configures: parental is 1:14, and row is to thing；Between three phases, male parent ratio is 2:4:2；
A width of 7.2 chis of moisture in the soil；
Line-spacing: maternal line-spacing 4 cun；Male parent sunny slope is away from maternal 8 cun, and opaco is 1.2 chis；
Spacing in the rows: male parent is 4.5 cun；Female parent is 3 cun；
(6) transplant
Maternal mu plants 3.2 ten thousand caves, every cave 5-6 tiller Seedling, 2 seed Seedlings, and male parent one, three phase mu respectively plants 460 strains,
Second phase mu plants 926 strains, two sections post the one of seedling, second phase individual plant is respectively 12-16,10-14 tiller；Three phase fathers
Two seed Seedlings of this cultivation, 10 Seedling tillers；
Male parent is planted on bank by 0.5 chi of first ditching when transplanting seedlings, it is ensured that has planted before and after June 15, has planted female parent afterwards,
Having planted June 25, stayed ditch of getting bumper crops, two erect a horizontal stroke；
(7) rich water quality management
Fertilising:
Principle: weight, middle control before maternal fertilising, mend afterwards；Base manure, fetilizer for tillering, the ratio of ear manuer are 7:2:1；Mu needs pure
14 kilograms of nitrogen, nitrogen, phosphorus, the ratio of potash fertilizer are 1:0.5:0.5, and applying organic manure wanted by base manure, adds phosphorus, potash fertilizer,
Main fertile use production of hybrid seeds special fertilizer, it is desirable to mu executes farmyard manure 1500-3000 kilogram, execute lower rake thoroughly flatten with whole；
Male parent is applied fertilizer, and male parent is transplanted seedlings the previous day, executes 7.5 kilograms of fertilizer along male parent row, owing to male parent period of duration is long,
Fertilizer requirement is big, within 5-7 days, should chase after ball for the first time fertile after male parent is planted；Under ball fertilizer is executed before booting for the second time；Ball is fertile
Way: adding 2.5 jin of carbamide with 5 kilograms of fertilizer and mix 15-20 kilogram of fine earth or miscellaneous fertilizers, water spray makes more than 400 fertile ball,
Filling in a ball with hands every the space of two strains, second time is executed ball fertilizer and is executed between another two strain spaces；
Maternal fertilising: first 2-3 days of maternal cultivation, executes 37.5 kilograms and 5 kilograms urine of production of hybrid seeds special fertilizer in conjunction with whole land
Element, chases after during three phase of panicle primordium dif ferentiation stage and attacks 5 kilograms of fertilizer of ear manuer and add 2.5 kilograms of carbamide；
Balance fertilizer: Parent, on the basis of fertilising, sees that Seedling executes balance fertilizer ingeniously, promotes growing way sane, controls prosperous length,
Make good use of ear manuer, spray twice potassium dihydrogen phosphate and make granulated fertilizer, control nitrogenous fertilizer, enrich phosphorus, potash fertilizer；
(8) water starch management
Shallow water transplant seedlings suitable water live；
Doing a good job of it emphatically early because Seedling bakes field, method is carried out and is repeatedly baked, and after reaching 17-18 ten thousand Seedling after enough Seedlings, field is baked in draining,
Bake that ftracture in field, whiten root, leaf variable color, consolidate effective tillering, promote root and strengthen bar, enter the ear differentiation second phase multiple
Water booting, later stage dry and wet is wet, cuts off the water supply ahead of time, sends out tiller solid after control；
(9) " 920 " hormone is used:
Maternal mu consumption 30 grams, divides and uses for 3-4 time, and maternal ear differentiation 7 end of term the gentliest adjusts 4 grams, female parent
Ear differentiation 7 end of term 8 is initial, i.e. cuts leaf during booting cut, sees cut dew fringe mu spray " 920 " 16 grams；Next day mu
With 10 grams；
(10) prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control
Banded sclerotial blight: prevent and treat three times with jingganmycin and triadimefon respectively in tiller, boot stage；
Smut:
Cultural control, rational close planting, stop ineffective tillering, control N element, science Guan Shui, promote plant strain growth
Stalwartness, and create the field microclimate of unfavorable smut, suppress, alleviate disease generation；
Chemical control, sprays once with triadimefon before heading cut, with content 20% triadimefon Emulsion 50 grams/acre,
Flowering terminates to use once for latter 1-2 days, consumption 50 grams/acre；
Respectively at the flower that begins, Sheng Hua, spend during three with black spirit of going out eventually after heading, specification is 35 grams/bag, prevents and treats
Three times；Each minimum spray liquid medicine two barrels, two barrels is 35 kilograms；
(11) roguing:
It is distinguished by according to plant type, height, leaf color, phimosis, pollen fertility, hybrid strain and special-shaped strain is pulled out,
Cut Ye Qianhe milk stage and carry out remove impurity work, be strictly on guard against the mechanical admixture received during shining.
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| CN104542249A (en) * | 2014-12-30 | 2015-04-29 | 天津天隆农业科技有限公司 | Novel method for quickly trans-breeding northern aromatic japonica rice variety |
| CN106068738B (en) * | 2016-08-09 | 2019-01-11 | 中国水稻研究所 | A kind of organic paddy rice ecological green belt |
| CN106747841A (en) * | 2017-02-28 | 2017-05-31 | 塔里木大学 | A kind of jujube cultivation fundamentals of management nutrient formulation of adaptation Xinjiang saline-alkali soil |
| CN109757360B (en) * | 2019-03-20 | 2022-07-05 | 湖北中香农业科技股份有限公司 | Method for cultivating novel full-fragrant high-quality high-yield hybrid black rice variety |
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| CN110642658A (en) * | 2019-10-29 | 2020-01-03 | 徐州快邦生物科技开发有限公司 | Polymerization agent for improving lodging resistance and glume closure rate of rice and preparation method thereof |
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