CN106942003A - The method and the peach garden ecosystem of a kind of peach garden interplanting graminous pasture - Google Patents
The method and the peach garden ecosystem of a kind of peach garden interplanting graminous pasture Download PDFInfo
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- CN106942003A CN106942003A CN201710224252.6A CN201710224252A CN106942003A CN 106942003 A CN106942003 A CN 106942003A CN 201710224252 A CN201710224252 A CN 201710224252A CN 106942003 A CN106942003 A CN 106942003A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
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Abstract
The method and the peach garden ecosystem of a kind of peach garden interplanting graminous pasture, are related to agricultural plantation technology field.The method of peach garden interplanting graminous pasture includes：In the peach garden planting grass that canopy density are 0.4 0.8 and more than peach line-spacing 3m；The consumption of graminous pasture is 1200 2100kg/hm2；This method can significantly improve the yield of graminous pasture.A kind of peach garden ecosystem, it includes：Planted in canopy density is 0.4 0.8 and more than peach line-spacing 3m peach gardens and be implanted with graminous pasture；The consumption of graminous pasture is 1200 2100kg/hm2.The system can make full use of the natural resources, and set up low cost, the peach garden with bio-diversity, while conservation of nature ecological environment and can improve agroecological environment, realize the sustainable development of agricultural zootechnical, society and ecological benefits are notable.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to agricultural plantation technology field, and method and the peach of more particularly to a kind of peach garden interplanting graminous pasture
The garden ecosystem.
Background technology
In 19 end of the centurys, interplanting management orchard technology is along with hay mover and irrigation in U.S.'s appearance, 1940s
The progress and development of system, the technology is just widelyd popularize.Fruit-bearing forest interplants herbage, refers to that in the ranks or full garden (sets disk to remove in fruit tree
A kind of orchard soil management system of the perennial or annual herb plant as covering is planted outside), is foster and apply fertilizer orchard soil fertility, control
A kind of ecological cultivation pattern of orchard soil erosion processed, is also a kind of wide variety of pipe of current external production of fruit trees developed country
Manage the mode of orchard soil.
Now, soil management is main to sow based on herbage covering in American-European and Japan orchard, interplants the fruit of herbage
Garden accounts for more than the 55~70% of the orchard gross area.Many countries and regions are widely studied intercropping in garden herbage in the world
And application.And the research and application that China interplants herbage to fruit-bearing forest are started late, major part orchard soil cultivation management is arranged at present
Apply not perfect enough, fruit grass interplanting is still in experiment and small area applications stage.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of method that graminous pasture is interplanted in peach garden, this method can significantly improve grass
The yield of section herbage.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of peach garden ecosystem, the system can make full use of the natural resources,
Low cost, the peach garden with bio-diversity are set up, while can conservation of nature ecological environment and improvement agroecological environment, realization
The sustainable development of agricultural zootechnical, society and ecological benefits are notable.
The present invention is solved its technical problem and realized using following technical scheme.
The present invention proposes a kind of method that graminous pasture is interplanted in peach garden, and it includes：It is 0.4-0.8 and peach in canopy density
More than line-spacing 3m peach garden planting grass；The consumption of graminous pasture is 1200-2100kg/hm2。
The present invention proposes a kind of peach garden ecosystem, and it includes：It is 0.4-0.8 and more than peach line-spacing 3m in canopy density
Planted in peach garden and be implanted with graminous pasture；The consumption of graminous pasture is 1200-2100kg/hm2。
The beneficial effect of the embodiment of the present invention is：
A kind of method that graminous pasture is interplanted in peach garden, in the peach garden that canopy density are 0.4-0.8 and more than peach line-spacing 3m
Planting grass；The consumption of graminous pasture is 1200-2100kg/hm2, the survival rate of graminous pasture can be improved.Its
It is secondary, this method be applied to prolonged drought or it is rainy wait harshness, the situation of severe environmental conditions.Additionally due to having under peach certain
Canopy density, the time can be saved using this method in the case where introduces a collection is sufficient, raising survival rate significantly improves graminous pasture
Yield.
A kind of peach garden ecosystem, it includes：Planted in the peach garden that canopy density are 0.4-0.8 and more than peach line-spacing 3m
There is graminous pasture；The planting grass in peach garden.This system features is：One is that fruit grass knot is closed, and solves fruit grass and strives
The contradiction on ground, takes full advantage of illumination, liquid manure and land resource；Two be that, using orchard kind grass, herbage cauline leaf is in great numbers, root system hair
Reach, the nitrogen dissociated in air, the plain nutrition of increase Nitrogen In Soils and soil granular structure, improved soil quality can be fixed, improved
Soil fertility, nitrogenous fertilizer is provided for fruit tree, reduces dependence of the fruit tree to chemical fertilizer, and orchard is not required to weeding, is not required to apply chemical fertilizer, few to use
Even without spray, both water conservations also save orchard Productive statistics；Three be the sustainable development for realizing agricultural zootechnical,
Society and ecological benefits are notable.
Embodiment
, below will be in the embodiment of the present invention to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantage of the embodiment of the present invention clearer
Technical scheme be clearly and completely described.Unreceipted actual conditions person, builds according to normal condition or manufacturer in embodiment
The condition of view is carried out.Agents useful for same or the unreceipted production firm person of instrument, are the conventional production that can be obtained by commercially available purchase
Product.
The method and the peach garden ecosystem that graminous pasture is interplanted in a kind of peach garden provided in an embodiment of the present invention are entered below
Row is illustrated.
Before planting grass, selection of land and site preparation are carried out first, select age of tree 5-9, canopy density 0.4-0.8, peach
Set more than line space 3m peach garden, the good soil of drainage.
Wherein on the premise of fruit tree is not destroyed, with small-sized plow harrow or other devices, centered on the stem of peach root, half
Footpath is opened up wasteland outside 0.8-1.2m regions；Or directly can be opened up wasteland with hoe, smash.Tilling depth 20-30cm, notes peach stem
Dry nearby to deep plough, harrow broken is smooth, and begin to rehearse ditch, depth of drainage ditch 38-42cm, width 48-52cm.It is wherein noticeable
It is that dry season is used for water storage and alleviates damage caused by a drought；Flood season can drain the water away in time.Basal dressing afterwards, specifically, application of organic fertilizers
15000-22500kg/hm2, it is preferable that the amount of organic fertilizer is 19000kg/hm2Or composite fertilizer's (NPK：15-15-
15)150-225kg/hm2；Preferably, the consumption of composite fertilizer is 185kg/hm2.Specifically mode is：It can be incited somebody to action when arable land is digged
It is uniformly sprinkled into, then with soil covering.
Then start graminous pasture plantation, first carry out the production of hybrid seeds：
The ripe plant that graminous pasture is used to reserve seed for planting is chosen, Paspalum wettsteinii, Gui Min is can select and draws napier grass, sweet napier grass, king
Grass or purple napier grass etc.；Preferably, from sweet napier grass, imperatoria or purple napier grass.It is further preferable that from purple napier grass；To carry
Bud rate occurred frequently is tried one's best, and selection stalk is sturdy, and the bright in colour and withered plant of section outer wrapping leaf is chopped to segment, every section at least contains 2
Individual section；The sturdy plant grown fine stays 2 sections, and the general plant of growing way can suitably increase the number of section；Save outer wrapping tender
The dead leaf of bud preferably retains, and the kind section wrapped up without dead leaf is removed during seed selection.
It is emphasized that the consumption of graminous pasture is 1200-2100kg/hm2.In this embodiment, it is preferred that, standing grain
Undergraduate course herbage is purple napier grass.It is easy to rationally utilize graminous pasture, in the present embodiment, graminous pasture is cooked into kind of stem and is classified
Processing.Plant stem classification：The lateral bud rate of graminous pasture is defined as α.One-level kind stem is sturdy, uniform, α >=90%；Two grades of kind stems
It is more sturdy, uniform, 80%≤α ＜ 90%；Three-level kind stem is general, 70%≤α ＜ 80%.It is specific to plant stem consumption：Fruit tree is sowed stem
Consumption is reduced compared with vacant lot, one-level kind stem consumption 1200-1500kg/hm2, two grades of kind stem consumption 1500-1800kg/hm2, three-level kind
Stem consumption 1800-2100kg/hm2。
Most preferably, interplanting the purple napier grass that lateral bud rate is more than 90% in peach garden, the consumption of purple napier grass is
1500kg/hm2.Wherein, planting season is 2 months to October, and March to June is optimal planting season；It should be noted that osmanthus south area
Optimal planting season suitably shifts to an earlier date compared with osmanthus backlands area.
Implantation methods mainly include kind of stem plantation and a point root and stem of certain plants plantation：
Plant stem plantation：
Spacing in the rows 38-42cm, line-spacing 48-52cm are kept, specifically, if soil moisture is more than 30%, grass family can be herded
Grass blade section is with ground in suppression of soil after 30-60 ° of angle placement, it is preferable that in 45 °, plant stem top leakage 2-4cm；If humidity is small
When 20%, start depth 4-6cm, first pour and stem section is kept flat into rear suppression of soil after appropriate amount of water.
Divide root and stem of certain plants plantation：
It is flourishing using its fibrous root after graminous pasture ground cane is cradled, the numerous feature of root tiller number, according to reality
Situation will plant after the root portion root and stem of certain plants of graminous pasture to expand breeding.Preferably, it is graminous pasture fibrous root is flourishing, root tiller
The more root of number is divided into the 3-6 root and stem of certain plants.Preferably, by after the root portion root and stem of certain plants, put per the root and stem of certain plants to diameter 18-22cm, depth 12-17cm cave
It is middle to carry out expanding breeding plant.
Using this implantation methods, graminous pasture growth is rapid, and survival rate is high, it is adaptable to which prolonged drought is rainy etc.
The harsh, situation of severe environmental conditions；There are certain canopy density under fruit tree, planted in the case where introduces a collection is sufficient using point root and stem of certain plants
Mode can save the time, improve survival rate.
Preferably, after planting grass, field management is carried out.Field management includes but is not limited to following
Content：
Cut weeds：Graminous pasture seedling stage is easily covered by weeds, need in time be removed and grown grass with spud, not sprayable weeding
Agent.
The herbage prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control：For the pest and disease damage of GRASSES WITH DIFFERENT, the appropriate chemical for selecting efficient, low toxicity, the longevity of residure short
Medicine is periodically prevented and treated, and can also put chicken group in a suitable place to breed after seedling stage and insect is preyed in the herbage of orchard, maintain balance.
Pest and disease control of fruit trees：Pest and disease control of fruit trees time, method and identical standard is kept when not interplanting herbage, periodically
Spray foliar fertilizer, antimycotic, insect agricultural chemicals；In order to first be cradled before ensureing pesticide application effect, pesticide 3-5d to herbage.
Fruit tree is pruned：Pruned after peach garden interplanting graminous pasture according to normal growth cycle, promote fruit production；In order to
The fruit branch pared off is cleaned out into orchard in time, herbage is first cradled before pruning.
Topdress：
Herbage is topdressed：Cradle every time and imposed after herbage organic fertilizer 15000-22500kg/hm2；Preferably, organic fertilizer
20000kg/hm2；Or urea 75-150kg/hm2；Preferably, urea selects 100kg/hm2。
Top dressing fruit tree：Fruit tree is applied fertilizer according to the administrative standard of fruit tree when not interplanting herbage, i.e., in fruit tree stem
Cave is dug at heart 0.8-1.2m and buries fertilizer.Fertilizer selection is buried before raining, to accelerate dissolving, the diffusion of chemical fertilizer, reduces the wound to herbage
Evil.
Non- cut issue exempts from fertilizer：Non- cut issue temperature is relatively low, and herbage growth is slow, without fertilising, using winter fruit tree and herds
The substantial amounts of withered Leaf Litter of grass macerate it is rotten after can aid in fertilizer.
Present invention also offers the preferred harvesting approach of herbage and preferable Land use systems:
1) herbage cradles
On the premise of not influenceing peach to grow, from florescence to the fruit harvest phase, grass family class herbage Cutting Height is
140-170cm, stays high 10-15cm；After fruit harvest, to before next round florescence, Cutting Height can improve 10- before relatively harvesting
20cm, stays length constant.Growing state and season of the clipping Frequencies according to herbage, rainfall is plentiful, and the phase can suitably shorten clipping Frequencies,
Osmanthus backlands area 5-10 is monthly to be cradled, and the regional cut issue in osmanthus south can extend to November.
2) utilize
Green grass or young crops is raised：Sweet napier grass, imperatoria, purple napier grass cradle after can Direct-fed, plant is tenderer can directly smash after be used for rabbit,
The small herbivorous animals such as fish, goose；Plant then can directly be used as the forage grass of the large-scale forage grass animal such as ox, sheep after slightly cradling always.
Ensiling：It is 65%-75% that green grass after cradling, which is dried to water content, and green grass or young crops can be carried out by being cut into 3-5cm segment
Air-tightness is kept in storage, ensilage, prevents from going mouldy.
Shine green hay processed：It is 14%-17%, storage storage to shine unnecessary green grass to water content in fine day；Green hay can
To be further used for being made grass meal or glutinous rice balls.
Present invention also offers a kind of peach garden ecosystem, it includes：Canopy density be 0.4-0.8 and peach line-spacing 3m with
On peach garden in plant be implanted with graminous pasture；The consumption of graminous pasture is 1200-2100kg/hm2。
Preferably, can stock raising in the system.Chicken group can such as be put in a suitable place to breed after seedling stage and be preyed in the herbage of orchard
Insect, maintains balance.Or phase after harvesting, ox or sheep are put in a suitable place to breed in peach garden, not only can using herbage as cattle and sheep forage grass,
The excrement of cattle and sheep also acts as fertilizer simultaneously.Wherein it should be noted that the time of putting in a suitable place to breed of cattle and sheep should not be oversize.
There is application resources advantage area, using high yield and high quality herbage is interplanted in orchard, can suppress weedy,
The greenfeed that herbage makees ox, sheep, rabbit, goose, fish etc. can also be harvested, the system is " orchard → planting forage grass → forage grass → raising man
The stereo ecological cultivating system of poultry → excrement → fertilising → herbage, fruit-bearing forest ".
The characteristics of this system is：One is that fruit grass knot is closed, and solves the contradiction that fruit grass strives ground, takes full advantage of illumination, water
Fertilizer and land resource；Make full use of existing land resource to solve the problems, such as feed, reduce aquaculture cost；Two be to utilize orchard set
Herbage is planted, herbage cauline leaf is in great numbers, well developed root system, the nitrogen dissociated in air, the plain nutrition of increase Nitrogen In Soils and soil can be fixed
Crumb structure, improved soil quality, is increase soil fertility, and nitrogenous fertilizer is provided for fruit tree, reduces dependence of the fruit tree to chemical fertilizer, orchard
Weeding is not required to, is not required to apply chemical fertilizer, few with even without spray, both water conservations also save orchard Productive statistics；Three be fruit
Garden disease pest is few, reaches the eco-benign development impact that grass is good, the excellent, benefit of fruit is good.Can well conservation of nature ecological environment and
Improve agroecological environment, realize the sustainable development of agricultural zootechnical, society and ecological benefits are notable.
The feature and performance to the present invention are described in further detail with reference to embodiments.
Embodiment 1
A kind of method that graminous pasture is interplanted in peach garden is present embodiments provided, graminous pasture selects purple napier grass, tool
Body includes：
1st, selection of land
Select the age of tree 5 years, the peach garden of canopy density 0.6, selection drainage is planted on good soil.
2nd, site preparation
On the premise of fruit tree is not destroyed, small-sized plow harrow is used, centered on fruit tree root stem, radius 0.8m enters outside region
Row is opened up wasteland.It should not be deep ploughed near tilling depth 40cm, stem, harrow broken is smooth, begin to rehearse ditch, depth of drainage ditch 40cm, width 50cm.
3rd, base manure
Organic fertilizer 20000kg/hm2, it can be uniformly sprinkled into when arable land is digged, then with soil covering.
4th, graminous pasture is planted
1) production of hybrid seeds
The ripe plant that purple napier grass is used to reserve seed for planting is chosen, is tried one's best for raising germination percentage and selects stalk sturdy, it is bright in colour
And the withered plant of section outer wrapping leaf, segment is chopped to, every section at least containing 2 sections；The sturdy plant grown fine stays 2 sections, long
The general plant of gesture can suitably increase the number of section；The dead leaf of section outer wrapping tender shoots preferably retains, and is removed during seed selection without dead leaf bag
The kind section wrapped up in.
2) stem classification and consumption are planted：Lateral bud rate 90%, 2100kg/hm2。
3) planting season：March plants.
4) implantation methods：
Plant stem plantation：
Spacing in the rows 40cm, line-spacing 50cm are kept, when soil moisture is more than 20%, stem section and ground can be placed in 45° angle
Suppression of soil, plants stem top leakage 4cm afterwards；
Divide root and stem of certain plants plantation：
It is flourishing using its fibrous root after purple napier grass ground cane is cradled, the numerous feature of root tiller number, according to actual feelings
Condition will plant after the root portion root and stem of certain plants to expand breeding.
5th, field management
1) cut weeds
Grass family seedling stage is easily covered by weeds, need in time be removed and grown grass with spud, not sprayable herbicide.
2) prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control
The herbage prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control：For the pest and disease damage of GRASSES WITH DIFFERENT, the appropriate chemical for selecting efficient, low toxicity, the longevity of residure short
Medicine is periodically prevented and treated, and can also put chicken group in a suitable place to breed after seedling stage and insect is preyed in the herbage of orchard, maintain balance.
Pest and disease control of fruit trees：Pest and disease control of fruit trees time, method and identical standard is kept when not interplanting herbage, periodically
Spray foliar fertilizer, antimycotic, insect agricultural chemicals；In order to first be cradled before ensureing pesticide application effect, pesticide 4d to herbage.
3) fruit tree is pruned
Pruned after peach garden interplanting herbage according to normal growth cycle, promote fruit production；In order in time by the fruit pared off
Branch cleans out orchard, and herbage is first cradled before pruning.
4) topdress
Herbage is topdressed：Cradle every time and imposed after herbage organic fertilizer 18000kg/hm2。
Top dressing fruit tree：Fruit tree is applied fertilizer according to the administrative standard of fruit tree when not interplanting herbage, i.e., apart from stem center
Cave is dug at 1m and buries fertilizer.Fertilizer selection is buried before raining, accelerates dissolving, the diffusion of chemical fertilizer, reduces the injury to herbage.
Non- cut issue exempts from fertilizer：Non- cut issue temperature is relatively low, and herbage growth is slow, without fertilising, using winter fruit tree and herds
The substantial amounts of withered Leaf Litter of grass macerate it is rotten after can aid in fertilizer.
A kind of peach garden ecosystem is present embodiments provided, is obtained by the above method.
Embodiment 2
A kind of method that graminous pasture is interplanted in peach garden is present embodiments provided, graminous pasture selects sweet napier grass, specifically
Including：
1st, selection of land
Select the age of tree 9 years, canopy density 0.8, peach line space 3.5m peach garden, selection drainage is planted on good soil
Plant.
2nd, site preparation
On the premise of fruit tree is not destroyed, small-sized plow harrow is used, centered on fruit tree root stem, radius 1.2m enters outside region
Row is opened up wasteland.It should not be deep ploughed near tilling depth 20cm, stem, harrow broken is smooth, begin to rehearse ditch, depth of drainage ditch 42cm, width 52cm.
3rd, base manure
Organic fertilizer 22500kg/hm2, it can be uniformly sprinkled into when arable land is digged, then with soil covering.
4th, graminous pasture is planted
1) production of hybrid seeds
Choose sweet napier grass for the ripe plant reserved seed for planting, it is sturdy to improve germination percentage selection stalk of trying one's best, it is bright in colour
And the withered plant of section outer wrapping leaf, segment is chopped to, every section at least containing 2 sections；The sturdy plant grown fine stays 2 sections, long
The general plant of gesture can suitably increase the number of section；The dead leaf of section outer wrapping tender shoots preferably retains, and is removed during seed selection without dead leaf bag
The kind section wrapped up in.
2) stem classification and consumption are planted：Lateral bud rate is 70%, 2100kg/hm2。
3) planting season：March plants.
4) implantation methods：
Plant stem plantation：
Spacing in the rows 42cm, and line-spacing 52cm are kept, humidity is less than 20%, starts depth 4cm-5cm, pour stem section after appropriate amount of water
Keep flat earthing；
Divide root and stem of certain plants plantation：
It is flourishing using its fibrous root after sweet napier grass ground cane is cradled, the numerous feature of root tiller number, according to actual conditions
It will be planted after the root portion root and stem of certain plants to expand breeding.
5th, field management
1) cut weeds
Grass family seedling stage is easily covered by weeds, need in time be removed and grown grass with spud, not sprayable herbicide.
2) prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control
The herbage prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control：For the pest and disease damage of GRASSES WITH DIFFERENT, the appropriate chemical for selecting efficient, low toxicity, the longevity of residure short
Medicine is periodically prevented and treated, and can also put chicken group in a suitable place to breed after seedling stage and insect is preyed in the herbage of orchard, maintain balance.
Pest and disease control of fruit trees：Pest and disease control of fruit trees time, method and identical standard is kept when not interplanting herbage, periodically
Spray foliar fertilizer, antimycotic, insect agricultural chemicals；In order to first be cradled before ensureing pesticide application effect, pesticide 5d to herbage.
3) fruit tree is pruned
Pruned after peach garden interplanting herbage according to normal growth cycle, promote fruit production；In order in time by the fruit pared off
Branch cleans out orchard, and herbage is first cradled before pruning.
4) topdress
Herbage is topdressed：Cradle every time and imposed after herbage organic fertilizer 22500kg/hm2。
Top dressing fruit tree：Fruit tree is applied fertilizer according to the administrative standard of fruit tree when not interplanting herbage, i.e., apart from stem center
Cave is dug at 1m and buries fertilizer.Fertilizer selection is buried before raining, accelerates dissolving, the diffusion of chemical fertilizer, reduces the injury to herbage.
Non- cut issue exempts from fertilizer：Non- cut issue temperature is relatively low, and herbage growth is slow, without fertilising, using winter fruit tree and herds
The substantial amounts of withered Leaf Litter of grass macerate it is rotten after can aid in fertilizer.
A kind of peach garden ecosystem is present embodiments provided, is obtained by the above method.
Embodiment 3
A kind of method that graminous pasture is interplanted in peach garden is present embodiments provided, graminous pasture selects imperatoria, specific bag
Include：
1st, selection of land
Select the age of tree 5 years, the peach garden of canopy density 0.4, the line-spacing of peach is 3m, is planted on the good soil of drainage.
2nd, site preparation
On the premise of fruit tree is not destroyed, small-sized plow harrow is used, centered on fruit tree root stem, radius 0.8m enters outside region
Row is opened up wasteland.It should not be deep ploughed near tilling depth 20cm, stem, harrow broken is smooth, begin to rehearse ditch, depth of drainage ditch 38cm, width 48cm.
3rd, base manure
Organic fertilizer 15000kg/hm2, it can be uniformly sprinkled into when arable land is digged, then with soil covering.
4th, graminous pasture is planted
1) production of hybrid seeds
The ripe plant that imperatoria is used to reserve seed for planting is chosen, is tried one's best for raising germination percentage and selects stalk sturdy, bright in colour and section
The withered plant of outer wrapping leaf, is chopped to segment, every section at least containing 2 sections；The sturdy plant grown fine stays 2 sections, growing way one
As plant can suitably increase the number of section；The dead leaf of section outer wrapping tender shoots preferably retains, and removes what is wrapped up without dead leaf during seed selection
Plant section.
2) stem consumption is planted：Lateral bud rate 80%, 1200kg/hm2。
3) planting season：March plants.
4) implantation methods：
Plant stem plantation：
Spacing in the rows 38m, line-spacing 48cm are kept, when soil moisture is more than 30%, after can placing stem section and ground in 30 ° of angles
Suppression of soil, plants stem top leakage 2cm.
Divide root and stem of certain plants plantation：
Flourishing using its fibrous root after imperatoria ground cane is cradled, tiller number numerous feature in root will be used after the root portion root and stem of certain plants
To expand breeding plant.
5th, field management
1) cut weeds
Grass family seedling stage is easily covered by weeds, need in time be removed and grown grass with spud, not sprayable herbicide.
2) prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control
The herbage prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control：For the pest and disease damage of GRASSES WITH DIFFERENT, the appropriate chemical for selecting efficient, low toxicity, the longevity of residure short
Medicine is periodically prevented and treated, and can also put chicken group in a suitable place to breed after seedling stage and insect is preyed in the herbage of orchard, maintain balance.
Pest and disease control of fruit trees：Pest and disease control of fruit trees time, method and identical standard is kept when not interplanting herbage, periodically
Spray foliar fertilizer, antimycotic, insect agricultural chemicals；In order to first be cradled before ensureing pesticide application effect, pesticide 3d to herbage.
3) fruit tree is pruned
Pruned after peach garden interplanting herbage according to normal growth cycle, promote fruit production；In order in time by the fruit pared off
Branch cleans out orchard, and herbage is first cradled before pruning.
4) topdress
Herbage is topdressed：Cradle every time and imposed after herbage organic fertilizer 15000kg/hm2。
Top dressing fruit tree：Fruit tree is applied fertilizer according to the administrative standard of fruit tree when not interplanting herbage, i.e., apart from stem center
Cave is dug at 0.8m and buries fertilizer.Fertilizer selection is buried before raining, accelerates dissolving, the diffusion of chemical fertilizer, reduces the injury to herbage.
Non- cut issue exempts from fertilizer：Non- cut issue temperature is relatively low, and herbage growth is slow, without fertilising, using winter fruit tree and herds
The substantial amounts of withered Leaf Litter of grass macerate it is rotten after can aid in fertilizer.
A kind of peach garden ecosystem is present embodiments provided, is obtained by the above method.
Embodiment 4
A kind of method that graminous pasture is interplanted in peach garden is present embodiments provided, graminous pasture draws napier grass from osmanthus Fujian,
Specifically include：
1st, selection of land
Select the age of tree 5 years, the peach garden of canopy density 0.6, selection drainage is planted on good soil.
2nd, site preparation
On the premise of fruit tree is not destroyed, small-sized plow harrow is used, centered on fruit tree root stem, radius 0.8m enters outside region
Row is opened up wasteland.It should not be deep ploughed near tilling depth 40cm, stem, harrow broken is smooth, begin to rehearse ditch, depth of drainage ditch 38cm, width 48cm.
3rd, base manure
Organic fertilizer 22500kg/hm2, it can be uniformly sprinkled into when arable land is digged, then with soil covering.
4th, graminous pasture is planted
1) production of hybrid seeds
Choose osmanthus Fujian and draw the ripe plant that napier grass is used to reserve seed for planting, being tried one's best for raising germination percentage, selection stalk is sturdy, and color and luster is fresh
The gorgeous and withered plant of section outer wrapping leaf, is chopped to segment, every section at least containing 2 sections；The sturdy plant grown fine stays 2 sections,
The general plant of growing way can suitably increase the number of section；The dead leaf of section outer wrapping tender shoots preferably retains, and is removed during seed selection without dead leaf
The kind section of parcel.
2) stem classification and consumption are planted：Lateral bud rate 85%, 2000kg/hm2。
3) planting season：Plant within 2 months.
4) implantation methods：
Plant stem plantation：
Spacing in the rows 40cm, line-spacing 50cm are kept, when soil moisture is more than 20%, stem section and ground can be placed in 45° angle
Suppression of soil, plants stem top leakage 4cm afterwards；
Divide root and stem of certain plants plantation：
Gui Min draws after napier grass ground cane cradles, and utilizes its fibrous root flourishing, the numerous feature of root tiller number, according to reality
Situation will plant after the root portion root and stem of certain plants to expand breeding.
5th, field management
1) cut weeds
Grass family seedling stage is easily covered by weeds, need in time be removed and grown grass with spud, not sprayable herbicide.
2) prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control
The herbage prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control：For the pest and disease damage of GRASSES WITH DIFFERENT, the appropriate chemical for selecting efficient, low toxicity, the longevity of residure short
Medicine is periodically prevented and treated, and can also put chicken group in a suitable place to breed after seedling stage and insect is preyed in the herbage of orchard, maintain balance.
Pest and disease control of fruit trees：Pest and disease control of fruit trees time, method and identical standard is kept when not interplanting herbage, periodically
Spray foliar fertilizer, antimycotic, insect agricultural chemicals；In order to first be cradled before ensureing pesticide application effect, pesticide 4d to herbage.
3) fruit tree is pruned
Pruned after peach garden interplanting herbage according to normal growth cycle, promote fruit production；In order in time by the fruit pared off
Branch cleans out orchard, and herbage is first cradled before pruning.
4) topdress
Herbage is topdressed：Cradle every time and imposed after herbage organic fertilizer 18000kg/hm2。
Top dressing fruit tree：Fruit tree is applied fertilizer according to the administrative standard of fruit tree when not interplanting herbage, i.e., apart from stem center
Cave is dug at 1.2m and buries fertilizer.Fertilizer selection is buried before raining, accelerates dissolving, the diffusion of chemical fertilizer, reduces the injury to herbage.
Non- cut issue exempts from fertilizer：Non- cut issue temperature is relatively low, and herbage growth is slow, without fertilising, using winter fruit tree and herds
The substantial amounts of withered Leaf Litter of grass macerate it is rotten after can aid in fertilizer.
Comparative example 1
A kind of method that mountain green soy bean is interplanted in peach garden is present embodiments provided, is specifically included：
1st, selection of land
Select the age of tree 5 years, the peach garden of canopy density 0.6, selection drainage is planted on good soil.
2nd, site preparation
On the premise of fruit tree is not destroyed, small-sized plow harrow is used, centered on fruit tree root stem, radius 0.8m enters outside region
Row is opened up wasteland.It should not be deep ploughed near tilling depth 40cm, stem, harrow broken is smooth, begin to rehearse ditch, depth of drainage ditch 38cm, width 48cm.
3rd, base manure
Organic fertilizer 18000kg/hm2, it can be uniformly sprinkled into when arable land is digged, then with soil covering.
4th, pasture growing
1) sowing time：March
2) sowing line-spacing and depth：Mountain green soy bean line-spacing 30cm, spacing in the rows 20cm；
3) type of seeding and consumption：
Mountain green soy bean is planted using bar broadcast mode, is poured and sowed after appropriate amount of water after starting, and earthing need not water when continuous rainy,
Mountain green soy bean seed consumption 40kg/hm during drilling2, seed preferably scatters in cave, unsuitable agglomerate, under soil hardening serious conditions, earthing
After should not water.
5th, field management
1) fill the gaps with seedlings
Seed is filled the gaps with seedlings：Mountain Glycine max Seedling fast growth, fills the gaps with seedlings using seed.
2) cut weeds
Grass family seedling stage is easily covered by weeds, need in time be removed and grown grass with spud, not sprayable herbicide.
3) prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control
The herbage prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control：For the pest and disease damage of GRASSES WITH DIFFERENT, the appropriate chemical for selecting efficient, low toxicity, the longevity of residure short
Medicine is periodically prevented and treated, and can also put chicken group in a suitable place to breed after seedling stage and insect is preyed in the herbage of orchard, maintain balance.
Pest and disease control of fruit trees：Pest and disease control of fruit trees time, method and identical standard is kept when not interplanting herbage, periodically
Spray foliar fertilizer, antimycotic, insect agricultural chemicals；In order to first be cradled before ensureing pesticide application effect, pesticide 4d to herbage.
4) fruit tree is pruned
Pruned after peach garden interplanting herbage according to normal growth cycle, promote fruit production；In order in time by the fruit pared off
Branch cleans out orchard, and herbage is first cradled before pruning.
5) topdress
Herbage is topdressed：Cradle every time and imposed after herbage organic fertilizer 18000kg/hm2。
Top dressing fruit tree：Fruit tree is applied fertilizer according to the administrative standard of fruit tree when not interplanting herbage, i.e., apart from stem center
Cave is dug at 1m and buries fertilizer.Fertilizer selection is buried before raining, accelerates dissolving, the diffusion of chemical fertilizer, reduces the injury to herbage.
Non- cut issue exempts from fertilizer：Non- cut issue temperature is relatively low, and herbage growth is slow, without fertilising, using winter fruit tree and herds
The substantial amounts of withered Leaf Litter of grass macerate it is rotten after can aid in fertilizer.
Comparative example 2
A kind of method that Mango Fruit Garden interplants purple napier grass, interplanting method and the difference of embodiment 1 are that peach garden is changed into awns
Orchard, other specification is consistent.
The forage yield of test example 1
Under conditions of embodiment 1 and comparative example 1~2, different herbages, the yield of herbage are interplanted in various orchards
It is shown in Table 1.
The yield of the herbage of table 1
By table 1, in peach garden, the annual production of purple napier grass is 12369.61Kg/ mus, mountain green soy bean annual yield
10.2 times that purple napier grass average product is mountain green soy bean average product are interplanted for 1215.76Kg/ mus, in peach garden.Illustrate under peach garden
Graminous pasture is interplanted, the yield of graminous pasture is very high.Compared with Mango Fruit Garden plantation purple napier grass, the purple of peach garden harvest
The average product of napier grass is approximately 3.2 times of purple napier grass in Mango Fruit Garden.Illustrate the peach garden interplanting graminous pasture that embodiment 1 is provided
Method, the yield of graminous pasture can be significantly improved.
In summary, the present invention implements a kind of method that graminous pasture is interplanted in peach garden provided, can significantly improve grass
The yield of section herbage.
Embodiments described above is a part of embodiment of the invention, rather than whole embodiments.The reality of the present invention
The detailed description for applying example is not intended to limit the scope of claimed invention, but is merely representative of the selected implementation of the present invention
Example.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, what those of ordinary skill in the art were obtained under the premise of creative work is not made
Every other embodiment, belongs to the scope of protection of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of method that graminous pasture is interplanted in peach garden, it is characterised in that it includes：
The planting grass in the peach garden that canopy density are 0.4-0.8 and more than peach line-spacing 3m；The graminous pasture
Consumption is 1200-2100kg/hm2。
2. the method that graminous pasture is interplanted in peach garden according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the graminous pasture is
One kind in sweet napier grass, purple napier grass or imperatoria.
3. the method that graminous pasture is interplanted in peach garden according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the graminous pasture is
Purple napier grass.
4. the method that graminous pasture is interplanted in peach garden according to claim 1, it is characterised in that it includes：
Plant stem plantation：It is in 30- by the graminous pasture stem section and ground if the humidity of the soil in the peach garden is more than 30%
Earthing after 60 ° of angles placements, the graminous pasture top leakage 2-4cm；If the humidity of the soil in the peach garden is less than 20%, open
Row depth 4-5cm, earthing is kept flat after watering by the graminous pasture stem section；
Divide root and stem of certain plants plantation：After the root portion root and stem of certain plants of the graminous pasture, carry out expanding breeding plant.
5. the method that graminous pasture is interplanted in peach garden according to claim 1, it is characterised in that by the graminous pasture
Lateral bud rate be defined as α, as the α >=90%, the consumption of the graminous pasture is 1200-1500kg/hm2；When 80%
During≤α the ＜ 90%, the consumption of the graminous pasture is 1500-1800kg/hm2；As the 70%≤α ＜ 80%,
The consumption of the graminous pasture is 1800-2100kg/hm2。
6. the method that graminous pasture is interplanted in peach garden according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the graminous pasture choosing
The purple napier grass that lateral bud rate is more than 90% is selected, the consumption of the purple napier grass is 1500kg/hm2。
7. the method that graminous pasture is interplanted in peach garden according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the graminous pasture
Cutting Height is controlled in 140-170cm.
8. the method that graminous pasture is interplanted in peach garden according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the plantation grass family is herded
After grass, cradle organic fertilizer 15000-22500kg/hm is imposed after the graminous pasture every time2Or urea 75-150kg/hm2。
9. the method that graminous pasture is interplanted in peach garden according to claim 1, it is characterised in that before the plantation peach,
The peach garden base organic fertilizer 15000-22500kg/hm2, or composite fertilizer 150-225kg/hm2。
10. a kind of peach garden ecosystem, it is characterised in that it includes：It is 0.4-0.8 and more than peach line-spacing 3m in canopy density
Planted in peach garden and be implanted with graminous pasture；The consumption of the graminous pasture is 1200-2100kg/hm2。
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