CN108575579A - A method of producing ensilage raw material - Google Patents
A method of producing ensilage raw material Download PDFInfo
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- CN108575579A CN108575579A CN201810275132.3A CN201810275132A CN108575579A CN 108575579 A CN108575579 A CN 108575579A CN 201810275132 A CN201810275132 A CN 201810275132A CN 108575579 A CN108575579 A CN 108575579A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G20/00—Cultivation of turf, lawn or the like; Apparatus or methods therefor
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
- A01G2/10—Vegetative propagation by means of cuttings
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Abstract
This application involves feedstuff production method more particularly to a kind of methods producing ensilage raw material, include the following steps：Soil prepares；Variety selection；Sowing：A line Guimu-1 Hybrid Pennisetum urpureum intercrop feed mulberry, feed mulberry cuttage transplanting, seeding row spacing are identical as the seeding row spacing of Guimu-1 Hybrid Pennisetum urpureum；Field management；Harvest：Guimu-1 Hybrid Pennisetum urpureum is cradled into making ensilage together with feed mulberry.This method produces ensilage raw material using the interplanting of both grass family Guimu-1 Hybrid Pennisetum urpureum and high-protein plant feed mulberry, easy to operate, is easy to grasp, substantially increases land utilization ratio.The hybrid sowing method that feed mulberry is interplanted using Guimu-1 Hybrid Pennisetum urpureum produces ensilage raw material not only Herbage harvest height, but also once plants, and harvests, can repeatedly cradle every year for many years, improves ensilage protein content, and then improve Silage Quality.
Description
Technical field
This application involves feedstuff production method more particularly to a kind of methods producing ensilage raw material.
Background technology
In recent years, China's animal husbandry grows continuously and fast, wherein feed is increasingly becoming great the asking for influencing China's agricultural
Topic.Ensilage is because of sour perfume of smell, soft and succulency, palatability are good, it is full of nutrition, conducive to long-term preservation, be the excellent of ruminant domestic animal
Good feed resource.Therefore, all kinds of ensilages that are high-quality, stablizing successfully are modulated, are milk cow, beef cattle, mutton sheep aquaculture, dairy industry
The decisive premise of competitiveness is improved with animal husbandry.
Currently, there is a kind of method producing ensilage raw material to be selected first using Guimu-1 Hybrid Pennisetum urpureum as feed
Suitable Guimu-1 Hybrid Pennisetum urpureum kind, then rationally plantation carry out cutting green utilization for the first time, hereafter often for 80~90 days after transplanting
Every 40~50 days, blueness is cut when careless natural height reaches 80cm once, cuts green after-applied urea every time.1 is dried after fresh grass is cradled
It carries out ensiling within~2 hours, ensilage is made so that the Livestocks such as ox, sheep are edible.
However, the method for existing production ensilage raw material is single cropping Guimu-1 Hybrid Pennisetum urpureum, do not use
The production model of mixed seeding, can not mutually promote growth, and yield is difficult to increase, and forage grass protein content is to be improved.Therefore, mesh
The preceding method for needing to study the production ensilage raw material that a kind of yield is high and protein content is high.
Invention content
It is easy to operate this application provides a kind of method producing ensilage raw material, it is easy to grasp, increases the same of yield
Shi Tigao protein contents improve Silage Quality.
This application provides a kind of methods producing ensilage raw material, include the following steps：
Step 1：Soil prepares：Select irrigation and drainage convenient, the plot that soil fertility is fertile, soil fertility is consistent, through turn over, beat carefully,
Weeds, rake pine are removed as sowing ground；
Step 2：Variety selection：Selection adaptation is strong, high yield and high quality, leaf amount are big, Green stage length feed mulberry races and osmanthus
Herd No.1 hybridization napier grass；
Step 3：Sowing：Date of seeding selection herds No.1 in 15~May 10 April, using seedling cuttage transplanting plantation osmanthus is bred as
Hybridize napier grass；Bunch planting carried out to feed mulberry by the way of cuttage transplanting, the spacing in the rows of feed mulberry, line-spacing and osmanthus herd No.1 hybridize as
The spacing in the rows of grass, line-spacing are equal；
Step 4：Field management：Guimu-1 Hybrid Pennisetum urpureum seedling stage ensures full stand, and seedling, 5~6 leaf phases are fixed during 3~5 leaves
Seedling, tillage and weeding, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, top dressing, irrigation；Feed mulberry sapling is transplanted before spring soil thaws to mulberry sapling and germinates, after cultivation
It waters, rake, not banking up, cutting to cut down at 30cm from the ground immediately after cultivation and do surely；
Step 5：Harvest：45~50 days after Guimu-1 Hybrid Pennisetum urpureum transplanting, plant height carries out first when reaching 0.5 meter
It is secondary to cradle；It is cradled for the second time after cradling for the first time when plant height grows to 1.5~2.0 meters, hereafter cradled one every 1 month
It is secondary, last time is carried out before frost and is cradled, and is ensured that plant height is more than 1.5 meters, is cradled 2~5 centimetres of toothing every time；No.1 hybridization is herded into osmanthus
Napier grass cradles making ensilage together with feed mulberry.
Optionally, the specific method is as follows for the soil preparation described in step 1：
When selecting soil, irrigation and drainage are selected to facilitate, the plot of fertile soil；It first deep ploughs, tilling depth reaches 25cm or more；It ploughs
The deep stability coefficient of variation is less than 10%；Surface vegetation and crop residue cover rate are not less than 95%, and 8cm or less coverage rates are not less than
85%；The overturning of upturned soil piece is good, and grading ravels uniformly, do not backset, do not balk, and the edge of a field is neat, ploughs to edge of a field rand, nothing time
It turns up soil and branch is turned up soil, reduce back ridge platform and open furrow, reach deep, flat, broken, net after ploughing；Carrying out rotary tillage again, rotary tillage depth is 12~
16cm；Grading after rotary tillage, topsoil are soft；
It applies fertilizer to the subsoil, it is thin to turn over rake：High-quality farm manure is applied when combining real tillage before sowing；Application of organic fertilizers 1000 per acre
20~25kg of~2500kg, 10~20kg of calcium superphosphate or calcium magnesium phosphate, 8~10kg of potassium chloride spread fertilizer over the fields before ploughing, are ploughed after spreading；
Depth of implements of raking the soil level is 10~18cm；Land leveling after rake, hack is good, and no ditch ridge rises and falls, no leakage rake.
Optionally, the specific method is as follows for the variety selection described in step 2：
Select hibernaculum it is full, root system is complete, and main root, which is not split, not to be split, no freeze injury, disease mulberry sapling；Select well developed root system, stem
The sturdy Guimu-1 Hybrid Pennisetum urpureum seedling of bar.
Optionally, the specific method is as follows for the sowing described in step 3：
Guimu-1 Hybrid Pennisetum urpureum line-spacing 40cm, spacing in the rows 40cm, planting density is 500~1000 plants/667m2；A line osmanthus
Herd No.1 hybridization napier grass intercrop a line feed mulberry；Feed mulberry is transplanted for cuttage, is 500~1000 plants/667m with seedling amount2, broadcast
Kind mode is artificial transplanting, and depth of planting is 8~10cm；Rear earthing is broadcast, pours water when meeting weather arid, ensures emergence.
Optionally, the specific method is as follows for the field management described in step 4：
Watering determines root, cuts weeds after Guimu-1 Hybrid Pennisetum urpureum transplanting, and tillage and weeding is carried out when height of seedling is up to 30~40cm；
Base manure is used sufficient before plantation, organic fertilizer is imposed after cradling every time, is imposed urea when height of seedling is grown to 30~40cm after cradling, is applied per acre
Fertile 7.5kg；Plantation terminates, and closes at once, prevents animals from trampleing on；Spring young sprout grows to 1 fertilizer of 16cm Gao Shishi, applies per acre multiple
Hefei 15kg；Enter the growth most productive period June, applies composite fertilizer 20kg per acre, water after fertilising；Into after rainy season, in conjunction with weeding into
Row fertilising.
Optionally, the specific method is as follows for the harvest described in step 5：
Cradle Guimu-1 Hybrid Pennisetum urpureum：Up to 45~55cm cradle for the first time in height of seedling, on the ground the first, second stem
It is carried out when saving high-visible；The morning of fair weather, liftoff 2~5cm is selected to cradle the feeding of Guimu-1 Hybrid Pennisetum urpureum and interplanting
Expect mulberry, is dried 2~4 hours in field, ensilage is produced when water content is up to 65~70%；Hereafter in plant height up to 1.5~
2.0m is cradled, and it is 2.5~3.5cm to cradle the height for the stubble left.
By above technical scheme, this application provides a kind of method producing ensilage raw material, this method uses grass
Both section's Guimu-1 Hybrid Pennisetum urpureum and high-protein plant feed mulberry interplanting production ensilage raw material, this method is easy to operate,
It is easy to grasp, substantially increases land utilization ratio.Relative to the unicast mode of single cropping Guimu-1 Hybrid Pennisetum urpureum, use
Not only Herbage harvest is high for the mixed seeding mode of manufacture ensilage raw material of Guimu-1 Hybrid Pennisetum urpureum interplanting feed mulberry, but also once plants
Kind, it harvests, can repeatedly cradle every year for many years, improve ensilage protein content, and then improve Silage Quality.Gui Muyi
Number hybridization napier grass and feed mulberry are perennial plant, and two variety matchings plantations are greatly dropped without all turning over sowing every year
Low artificial growth cost.
Specific implementation mode
The application is described in further detail with reference to embodiment.
This application provides a kind of methods producing ensilage raw material, include the following steps：
Step 1：Soil prepares：Select irrigation and drainage convenient, the plot that soil fertility is fertile, soil fertility is consistent, through turn over, beat carefully,
Weeds, rake pine are removed as sowing ground；
Step 2：Variety selection：Selection adaptation is strong, high yield and high quality, leaf amount are big, Green stage length feed mulberry races and osmanthus
Herd No.1 hybridization napier grass；
Step 3：Sowing：Date of seeding selection herds No.1 in 15~May 10 April, using seedling cuttage transplanting plantation osmanthus is bred as
Hybridize napier grass；Bunch planting carried out to feed mulberry by the way of cuttage transplanting, the spacing in the rows of feed mulberry, line-spacing and osmanthus herd No.1 hybridize as
The spacing in the rows of grass, line-spacing are equal；
Step 4：Field management：Guimu-1 Hybrid Pennisetum urpureum seedling stage ensures full stand, and seedling, 5~6 leaf phases are fixed during 3~5 leaves
Seedling, tillage and weeding, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, top dressing, irrigation；Feed mulberry sapling is transplanted before spring soil thaws to mulberry sapling and germinates, after cultivation
It waters, rake, not banking up, cutting to cut down at 30cm from the ground immediately after cultivation and do surely；
Step 5：Harvest：45~50 days after Guimu-1 Hybrid Pennisetum urpureum transplanting, plant height carries out first when reaching 0.5 meter
It is secondary to cradle；It is cradled for the second time after cradling for the first time when plant height grows to 1.5~2.0 meters, hereafter cradled one every 1 month
It is secondary, last time is carried out before frost and is cradled, and is ensured 1.5 meters of plant height or more, is cradled 2~5 centimetres of toothing every time；No.1 hybridization is herded into osmanthus
Napier grass cradles making ensilage together with feed mulberry.
Guimu-1 Hybrid Pennisetum urpureum is the herbaceos perennial of grass family interspecific hybridization, is to be suitble to south China each province
One of high yield and high quality forage grass kind planted under the natural conditions such as soil, weather is suitble to feeding ox, sheep, fish, goose etc. herbvore dynamic
Object.Guimu-1 Hybrid Pennisetum urpureum uses from planting experimentally to being widely applied and all shows following characteristics：(1) yield is high, power of regeneration
By force.Blueness is cut in medium water and fertilizer condition next year 4~6 times, and per hectare produces fresh grass generally in 150,000~25.5 kilograms.(2) quality is good,
It is full of nutrition.It is measured according to analysis, crude protein content is 13.1%~16.5% in dry matter, crude fat 33.8%.(3) resistance
By force, wide adaptability.It can be planted extensively in 500 meters of red, yellow ground loams below of height above sea level, in the deep fertile grown of soil layer
Well, not only with preferable high temperature resistance and arid ability, but also there is good cold resistance.(4) Green stage is long, utilizes the time
Long.All it is from mid-April every year Green stage to mid-December, using the time up to 220~240 days in Hunan Province.(5) hermetically
Face is fast, and coverage strength is big, and Littoral Barrier ability is strong.Due to its well developed root system, fixing of soil and conservation of water performance is strong.It plants within (6) one years, for many years
It utilizes, and pest and disease damage is few, manageability.
Feed mulberry is drought resisting seeds, and vitality is extremely strong.Contain abundant carbohydrate, protein, fat in feed mulberry
Acid, cellulose and mineral matter element.Feed mulberry lignified fiber is extremely low, crude fibre 8~15%, and soluble-carbohydrate 20~
25%, crude protein 23~30%, crude protein 5%, wherein amino acid classes are complete, reach 18 kinds, account for feed mulberry dry matter
10% or more.In these amino acid, animal must account for more than half of total amount with nonessential amino acid, especially rely ammonia
Acid, methionine, cystine, content of glutamic acid are higher, have higher nutritive value as feed.Microorganism and mineral in feed mulberry
Nutrition mainly contains 8 kinds of mineral elements, wherein potassium, calcium, iron, zinc, manganese content and corn, lucerne compared with horn of plenty, according to surveying and determination feed mulberry
Mu illustrates that feed mulberry is of great significance for the growth and development of animal as feed compared to significantly higher.
Guimu-1 Hybrid Pennisetum urpureum and feed mulberry are perennial plant, and wherein Guimu-1 Hybrid Pennisetum urpureum growth year is long
Up to 3~5 years, the growth year of feed mulberry was up to 10 years, therefore two variety matching plantations can effectively improve the utilization in soil
The time limit reduces artificial growth cost.
The application is further detailed below in conjunction with specific experiment.
Kind produces the experiment in cultivation of ensilage raw material between Guimu-1 Hybrid Pennisetum urpureum and feed mulberry, and experimental study situation is such as
Under：
1, test material and method
1.1 test material
Guimu-1 Hybrid Pennisetum urpureum, feed mulberry are Yuesang 11.
1.2 test method
Experiment is designed using completely random method, if two kinds of processing, respectively Guimu-1 Hybrid Pennisetum urpureum unicast, Gui Muyi
Number hybridization napier grass+feed mulberry mixed seeding.Guimu-1 Hybrid Pennisetum urpureum unicast is handled by existing general planting method；It is miscellaneous that No.1 is herded in osmanthus
Napier grass+feed mulberry mixed seeding is handed over to be handled as follows.
Soil prepares：The plot of selection irrigation and drainage convenience, fertile soil；It first deep ploughs, tilling depth reaches 25cm or more；Tilling depth is steady
The qualitative coefficient of variation is less than 10%；Surface vegetation and crop residue cover rate are not less than 95%, and 8cm or less coverage rates are not less than 85%；
The overturning of upturned soil piece is good, and grading ravels uniformly, do not backset, do not balk, and the edge of a field is neat, ploughs to edge of a field rand, nothing time is turned up soil and branch
It turns up soil, reduce back ridge platform and opens furrow, reach deep, flat, broken, net after ploughing；Rotary tillage is carried out again, rotary tillage carries out after deep ploughing, before sowing,
Rotary tillage depth is 12~16cm；Grading after rotary tillage, topsoil are soft；
It applies fertilizer to the subsoil, it is thin to turn over rake：High-quality farm manure, including barnyard manure, compost or slow are applied when combining real tillage before sowing
Effect property chemical fertilizer；20~25kg of 1000~2500kg of application of organic fertilizers, 10~20kg of calcium superphosphate or calcium magnesium phosphate, potassium chloride per acre
8~10kg spreads fertilizer over the fields before ploughing, is ploughed after spreading；It rakes the soil level, rakes the soil level and carried out after deep ploughing, it also can be according to soil moisture content before pasture growing
It carries out.Depth of implements of raking the soil level is 10~18cm；Land leveling after rake, hack is good, and no ditch ridge rises and falls, no leakage rake.
Variety selection：Select hibernaculum it is full, root system is complete, and main root, which is not split, not to be split, no freeze injury, disease mulberry sapling, this experiment
Select Yuesang 11；The Guimu-1 Hybrid Pennisetum urpureum seedling for selecting well developed root system, cane sturdy.
Sowing：Guimu-1 Hybrid Pennisetum urpureum line-spacing 40cm, spacing in the rows 40cm, planting density is 500~1000 plants/667m2；One
Row Guimu-1 Hybrid Pennisetum urpureum intercrop a line feed mulberry, feed mulberry be cuttage transplanting, with seedling amount be 500~1000 plants/
667m2；Seeding method is artificial transplanting, and depth of planting is 8~10cm；Rear earthing is broadcast, pours water if meeting weather arid, ensures
Seedling.
Field management：Watering determines root, cuts weeds after Guimu-1 Hybrid Pennisetum urpureum transplanting, the seedling just transplanted, to weeds
Competitiveness is weak, therefore should carry out tillage and weeding when height of seedling is 30~40cm；Cradle every time later after row is not yet sealed in plant
Before will carry out tillage and weeding in order to avoid weeds and plant rob water and rob fertilizer and rob light, cause the waste of water, fertilizer and light resource.
Base manure is used sufficient before plantation, organic fertilizer is imposed after cradling every time, imposed after cradling when height of seedling is grown to 30~40cm
Urea, apply fertilizer 7.5kg per acre；Feed mulberry is drought resisting seeds, and vitality is extremely strong, it is desirable that loosing soil does not influence the breathing of root system,
Subsoil moistening is then not necessarily to watering.Plantation terminates, and closes at once, prevents animals from trampleing on；Spring young sprout grows to 16cm Gao Shishi 1 time
Fertilizer applies composite fertilizer 15kg per acre；Enter the growth most productive period June, applies composite fertilizer 20kg per acre, water after fertilising；Into after rainy season,
It applies fertilizer in conjunction with weeding.
Harvest：Cradle Guimu-1 Hybrid Pennisetum urpureum：It carries out cradling for the first time when height of seedling is up to 45~55cm, on the ground the
One, it is carried out when the second stipes is high-visible；The more bud eyes in plant root can be promoted to sprout because its primary tiller is few, after cradling
It is dynamic, increase tiller number and aerial part plant number, achievees the purpose that volume increase.The morning of fair weather, liftoff 2~5cm is selected to cut
The feed mulberry for cutting Guimu-1 Hybrid Pennisetum urpureum and interplanting dries 2~4 hours in field, next life is used when water content is up to 65~70%
Produce ensilage；It is later 1.5~2.0 meters in plant height, cradles when the first stipes is aging on the ground, both can guarantee in this way
The tiller number of aerial part, and the service life of plant can be extended.It is 2.5~3.5cm to cradle the height for the stubble left, and toothing is excessively high, is planted
Strain tiller is small and weak, influences yield, and difficulty is cradled after also increasing.
1.3 testing indexs and method
1.3.1 green forage yield and dry matter content
15m is cradled experimental field interior2Plant surveys fresh weight；Therefrom grab sample 1kg loadings cloth bag, 105 DEG C of water-removing 30min,
80 DEG C dry to constant weight, and calculate dry matter content.Green forage yield and dry matter production per acre are calculated according to fresh weight and dry matter content.
1.3.2 Forage quality measures
Measure the content of crude protein, soluble-carbohydrate, neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber.Crude protein is surveyed
Surely triumphant formula nitriding is used；Soluble-carbohydrate, which measures, uses Anthrone Sulphuric acid Colorimetry；Neutral detergent fiber and acid
Property washing fiber using normal form washing fibre analysis method measure.
2, result and analysis
2.1 forage yield
1 forage yield of table
| Processing | 15m2Green forage yield | 667m2Green forage yield | 667m2Hay yield |
| Guimu-1 Hybrid Pennisetum urpureum unicast (kg) | 260.32 | 11575.56 | 2893.89 |
| Guimu-1 Hybrid Pennisetum urpureum feed mulberry mixed seeding (kg) | 285.41 | 12691.23 | 3172.81 |
The green forage yield and hay yield that two kinds of processing obtain are shown in Table 1, as can be seen from Table 1 Guimu-1 Hybrid Pennisetum urpureum list
It is 11575.56kg/667m to broadcast green forage yield2, hay yield 2893.89kg/667m2；Guimu-1 Hybrid Pennisetum urpureum feed mulberry
Mixed seeding yield is 12691.23kg/667m2, hay yield 3172.81kg/667m2, by comparison it can be seen that No.1 is herded in osmanthus
The yield of hybridization napier grass feed mulberry mixed seeding forage grass is significantly higher than the yield of Guimu-1 Hybrid Pennisetum urpureum unicast forage grass, illustrates Gui Muyi
Number hybridization napier grass feed mulberry mixed seeding mode can achieve the effect that increase yield.
2.2 Forage quality
2 feed nutrient of table
It is high by the crude protein and acid detergent fiber that can be seen that Guimu-1 Hybrid Pennisetum urpureum feed mulberry mixed seeding processing in table 2
In Guimu-1 Hybrid Pennisetum urpureum unicast, illustrate that the crude protein content of feed of Guimu-1 Hybrid Pennisetum urpureum feed mulberry mixed seeding production is high,
Feed nutritive value is higher, and the ensilage quality of production is higher.Neutral detergent fiber is the index for evaluating ensilage quality
One of, content is lower, and Silage Quality is better, and the neutral detergent fiber difference of two kinds of processing is not notable in experiment, illustrates two kinds
The Forage quality for handling obtained ensilage is preferable.
3, conclusion
By the above results with analysis it is found that Guimu-1 Hybrid Pennisetum urpureum feed mulberry mixed seeding green forage yield reaches
12691.23kg/667m2, hay yield reach 3172.81kg/667m2, fresh grass Guimu-1 Hybrid Pennisetum urpureum feed mulberry mixed seeding compares osmanthus
It herds No.1 hybridization napier grass unicast and improves 9.64%.Guimu-1 Hybrid Pennisetum urpureum stalk blade climbs growth, branch with feed Folium et Ramulus Mori
Leaf interlocks stereoscopic configurations, increases utilization of resources space, increases leaf area, increases photosynthetic capacity and organic matter accumulation, Gui Mu
No.1 hybridization napier grass is complementary to one another with feed mulberry, mutually promotes, plant height, leaf amount is made to increased.
Grass family Guimu-1 Hybrid Pennisetum urpureum and high-protein plant feed mulberry mixed seeding, nutrition compared with unicast more horn of plenty, comprehensively,
The mixed storage of the two mixed seeding, can not only improve yield, also improve the content of crude protein and acid detergent fiber in feed, more favorably
In silage fermentation, Silage Quality is significantly improved.
By above technical scheme, this application provides a kind of method producing ensilage raw material, this method uses grass
Both section's Guimu-1 Hybrid Pennisetum urpureum and high-protein plant feed mulberry interplanting production ensilage raw material, this method is easy to operate,
It is easy to grasp, substantially increases land utilization ratio.Relative to single cropping Guimu-1 Hybrid Pennisetum urpureum, osmanthus herd No.1 hybridization as
Not only Herbage harvest is high for the ensilage raw material of grass interplanting feed mulberry production, but also once plants, and harvests, can repeatedly cut every year for many years
It cuts, improves ensilage protein content, and then improve Silage Quality.Guimu-1 Hybrid Pennisetum urpureum and feed mulberry are more
Annual plant, two variety matching plantations significantly reduce artificial growth cost without all turning over sowing every year.This method is
It pushes and source, yield and the protein content for improving southern area ensilage raw material has established solid technical foundation, energy
Enough realize that the annual grass of herbivorous animal raises mating and balance raising.
The above is only the specific implementation mode of the application, is made skilled artisans appreciate that or realizing this Shen
Please.Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to one skilled in the art, as defined herein
General Principle can in other embodiments be realized in the case where not departing from spirit herein or range.Therefore, the application
It is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, and is to fit to and the principles and novel features disclosed herein phase one
The widest range caused.
It should be understood that the application is not limited to the content being described above, and its model can not departed from
It encloses and carry out various modifications and change.Scope of the present application is only limited by the accompanying claims.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of method producing ensilage raw material, which is characterized in that include the following steps：
Step 1：Soil prepares：Select irrigation and drainage convenient, the plot that soil fertility is fertile, soil fertility is consistent, through turning over, beating thin, removing
Weeds, rake pine are as sowing ground；
Step 2：Variety selection：Selection adaptation is strong, high yield and high quality, leaf amount are big, feed mulberry races and Gui Muyi of Green stage length
Number hybridization napier grass；
Step 3：Sowing：Date of seeding selection herds No.1 hybridization in 15~May 10 April, using seedling cuttage transplanting plantation osmanthus is bred as
Napier grass；Bunch planting carried out to feed mulberry by the way of cuttage transplanting, the spacing in the rows of feed mulberry, line-spacing and Guimu-1 Hybrid Pennisetum urpureum
Spacing in the rows, line-spacing are equal；
Step 4：Field management：Guimu-1 Hybrid Pennisetum urpureum seedling stage ensures full stand, seedling, 5~6 leaf phase final singlings during 3~5 leaves, in
Weeding, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, top dressing, irrigation；Feed mulberry sapling is transplanted before spring soil thaws to mulberry sapling and germinates, water after cultivation,
It rakes, not banking up, cuts to cut down at 30cm from the ground immediately after cultivation and do surely；
Step 5：Harvest：45~50 days after Guimu-1 Hybrid Pennisetum urpureum transplanting, when plant height reaches 0.5 meter cut for the first time
It cuts；It is cradled for the second time after cradling for the first time when plant height grows to 1.5~2.0 meters, primary, frost was hereafter cradled every 1 month
Preceding progress last time cradles, and ensures that plant height is more than 1.5 meters, cradles 2~5 centimetres of toothing every time；By Guimu-1 Hybrid Pennisetum urpureum
With making ensilage is cradled together with feed mulberry.
2. the method for production ensilage raw material according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the soil described in step 1 is accurate
It is standby that the specific method is as follows：
When selecting soil, irrigation and drainage are selected to facilitate, the plot of fertile soil；It first deep ploughs, tilling depth reaches 25cm or more；Tilling depth is steady
The qualitative coefficient of variation is less than 10%；Surface vegetation and crop residue cover rate are not less than 95%, and 8cm or less coverage rates are not less than 85%；
The overturning of upturned soil piece is good, and grading ravels uniformly, do not backset, do not balk, and the edge of a field is neat, ploughs to edge of a field rand, nothing time is turned up soil and branch
It turns up soil, reduce back ridge platform and opens furrow, reach deep, flat, broken, net after ploughing；Rotary tillage is carried out again, and rotary tillage depth is 12~16cm；Rotary tillage
Grading afterwards, topsoil are soft；
It applies fertilizer to the subsoil, it is thin to turn over rake：High-quality farm manure is applied when combining real tillage before sowing；Per acre application of organic fertilizers 1000~
20~25kg of 2500kg, 10~20kg of calcium superphosphate or calcium magnesium phosphate, 8~10kg of potassium chloride spread fertilizer over the fields before ploughing, are ploughed after spreading；Rake
Ground depth of implements is 10~18cm；Land leveling after rake, hack is good, and no ditch ridge rises and falls, no leakage rake.
3. the method for production ensilage raw material according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the kind choosing described in step 2
Select that the specific method is as follows：
Select hibernaculum it is full, root system is complete, and main root, which is not split, not to be split, no freeze injury, disease mulberry sapling；Select well developed root system, cane thick
Strong Guimu-1 Hybrid Pennisetum urpureum seedling.
4. the method for production ensilage raw material according to claim 1, which is characterized in that sowing described in step 3
The specific method is as follows：
Guimu-1 Hybrid Pennisetum urpureum line-spacing 40cm, spacing in the rows 40cm, planting density is 500~1000 plants/667m2；A line Gui Mu No.1s
Hybridize napier grass intercrop a line feed mulberry；Feed mulberry is transplanted for cuttage, is 500~1000 plants/667m with seedling amount2, seeding method
Manually to transplant, depth of planting is 8~10cm；Rear earthing is broadcast, weather arid is met and pours water, ensure emergence.
5. the method for production ensilage raw material according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the field pipe described in step 4
The specific method is as follows for reason：
Watering determines root, cuts weeds after Guimu-1 Hybrid Pennisetum urpureum transplanting, and tillage and weeding is carried out when height of seedling is up to 30~40cm；Plantation
Before use sufficient base manure, impose organic fertilizer after cradling every time, impose urea when height of seedling is grown to 30~40cm after cradling, apply fertilizer per acre
7.5kg；Plantation terminates, and closes at once, prevents animals from trampleing on；Spring young sprout height applies the 1st fertilizer when being 16cm, applies per acre compound
Fertile 15kg；Enter the growth most productive period June, applies composite fertilizer 20kg per acre, water after fertilising；Into after rainy season, carried out in conjunction with weeding
Fertilising.
6. the method for production ensilage raw material according to claim 1, which is characterized in that harvest described in step 5
The specific method is as follows：
Cradle Guimu-1 Hybrid Pennisetum urpureum：Up to 45~55cm cradle for the first time in height of seedling, the first, second stipes is clear on the ground
It is carried out when clear visible；The morning of fair weather, liftoff 2~5cm is selected to cradle the feed mulberry of Guimu-1 Hybrid Pennisetum urpureum and interplanting,
It is dried 2~4 hours in field, ensilage is produced when water content is up to 65~70%；Hereafter it is cut up to 1.5~2.0m in plant height
It cuts, it is 2.5~3cm to cradle the height for the stubble left.
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| CN113348984A (en) * | 2021-06-12 | 2021-09-07 | 泉州市一早农业科技有限公司 | Method for improving soil structure through elephant grass planting system |
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Application publication date: 20180928 |